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Income Taxes | 6 Months Ended
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Apr. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes Effective Tax Rate We estimate our annual effective tax rate at the end of each fiscal quarter. The effective tax rate takes into account our estimations of annual pre-tax income, the geographic mix of pre-tax income and interpretations of tax laws and possible outcomes of audits. The following table presents the provision for income taxes and the effective tax rates:
| Three Months Ended April 30, |  | Six Months Ended April 30,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Income before income taxes | $ | 341,530 |  |  | $ | 296,587 |  |  | $ | 798,984 |  |  | $ | 576,145 |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | $ | 45,437 |  |  | $ | 23,947 |  |  | $ | 68,346 |  |  | $ | 36,730 |
Effective tax rate | 13.3 | % |  | 8.1 | % |  | 8.6 | % |  | 6.4 | %
Our effective tax rate for the six months ended April 30, 2024, is lower than the statutory federal corporate tax rate of 21% primarily due to U.S. federal research tax credits, foreign-derived intangible income deduction, excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation and U.S. foreign tax credits, partially offset by state taxes and the effect of non-deductible stock-based compensation. Our effective tax rate increased in the three and six months ended April 30, 2024, as compared to the same periods in fiscal 2023, primarily due to a reduced benefit from U.S. federal research tax credits, increase in foreign tax and partially offset by increased excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation. The timing of the resolution of income tax examinations, and the amounts and timing of various tax payments that are part of the settlement process, are highly uncertain. Variations in such amounts and/or timing could cause large fluctuations in the balance sheet classification of current and non-current assets and liabilities. We believe that in the coming 12 months, it is reasonably possible that either certain audits and ongoing tax litigation will conclude or the statute of limitations on certain state and foreign income and withholding taxes will expire, or both. Given the uncertainty as to ultimate settlement terms, the timing of payment and the impact of such settlements on other uncertain tax positions, the range of the estimated potential decrease in underlying unrecognized tax benefits is between $0 and $5.4 million. Non-U.S. Examinations Hungarian Tax Authority In 2017, the Hungarian Tax Authority (the HTA) assessed withholding taxes of approximately $25.0 million and interest and penalties of $11.0 million against our Hungary subsidiary (Synopsys Hungary). Synopsys Hungary contested the assessment with the Hungarian Administrative Court (Administrative Court). In fiscal 2018, Synopsys Hungary paid the assessment. Following years of litigation, the Administrative Court issued its written decision in favor of Synopsys Hungary on May 17, 2023, and the HTA subsequently refunded Synopsys Hungary the tax, penalty and interest paid in fiscal 2018, as well as additional interest totaling $39.1 million (including foreign currency effects). During the third quarter of fiscal 2023, we released our unrecognized tax benefit and offsetting U.S. foreign tax credits, resulting in a net benefit of $23.8 million. We are also under examination by the tax authorities in certain other jurisdictions. No material assessments have been proposed in these examinations. Legislative Developments Effective our fiscal 2024, we are subject to the new 15% corporate alternative minimum tax (CAMT) enacted as part of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. We do not expect any impact of CAMT in fiscal 2024. On January 31, 2024, the House of Representatives has passed the Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024 (H.R. 7024) which would defer the requirement of capitalizing research and development, based in the United States, until tax years starting after December 31, 2025. The proposed legislation would have a beneficial impact on our cash tax liabilities, if enacted. We will continue to monitor the status of this legislation.

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