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Income Taxes | 9 Months Ended
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Jul. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income Taxes | Income Taxes Effective Tax Rate We estimate our annual effective tax rate at the end of each fiscal quarter. The effective tax rate takes into account our estimations of annual pre-tax income, the geographic mix of pre-tax income and interpretations of tax laws and possible outcomes of audits. The following table presents the provision for income taxes and the effective tax rates:
| Three Months Ended July 31, |  | Nine Months Ended July 31,
| 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
| (in thousands)
Income before income taxes | $ | 391,995 |  |  | $ | 325,560 |  |  | $ | 1,190,979 |  |  | $ | 901,705 |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | $ | (30,712) |  |  | $ | (6,951) |  |  | $ | 37,634 |  |  | $ | 29,779 |
Effective tax rate | (7.8) | % |  | (2.1) | % |  | 3.2 | % |  | 3.3 | %
Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended July 31, 2024, is lower than the statutory federal corporate tax rate of 21% primarily due to U.S. federal research tax credits, foreign-derived intangible income deduction, excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation, U.S. foreign tax credits, and tax benefits from a valuation allowance release against California research credits, partially offset by state taxes and the effect of non-deductible stock-based compensation. Our effective tax rate decreased in the three months ended July 31, 2024, as compared to the same period in fiscal 2023, primarily due to the tax benefits recorded as a result of the valuation allowance release. Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended July 31, 2024 is consistent with the same period in fiscal 2023. The timing of the resolution of income tax examinations, and the amounts and timing of various tax payments that are part of the settlement process, are highly uncertain. Variations in such amounts and/or timing could cause large fluctuations in the balance sheet classification of current and non-current assets and liabilities. We believe that in the coming 12 months, it is reasonably possible that either certain audits and ongoing tax litigation will conclude or the statute of limitations on certain state and foreign income and withholding taxes will expire, or both. Given the uncertainty as to ultimate settlement terms, the timing of payment and the impact of such settlements on other uncertain tax positions, the range of the estimated potential decrease in underlying unrecognized tax benefits is between $0 and $7.0 million. Non-U.S. Examinations Hungarian Tax Authority In 2017, the Hungarian Tax Authority (the HTA) assessed withholding taxes of approximately $25.0 million and interest and penalties of $11.0 million against our Hungary subsidiary (Synopsys Hungary). Synopsys Hungary contested the assessment with the Hungarian Administrative Court (Administrative Court). In fiscal 2018, Synopsys Hungary paid the assessment. Following years of litigation, the Administrative Court issued its written decision in favor of Synopsys Hungary on May 17, 2023, and the HTA subsequently refunded Synopsys Hungary the tax, penalty and interest paid in fiscal 2018, as well as additional interest totaling $39.1 million (including foreign currency effects). During the third quarter of fiscal 2023, we released our unrecognized tax benefit and offsetting U.S. foreign tax credits, resulting in a net benefit of $23.8 million. We are also under examination by the tax authorities in certain other jurisdictions. No material assessments have been proposed in these examinations. Legislative Developments Effective our fiscal 2024, we are subject to the new 15% corporate alternative minimum tax (CAMT) enacted as part of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. We do not expect any impact of CAMT in fiscal 2024. On January 31, 2024, the House of Representatives has passed the Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024 (H.R. 7024) which would defer the requirement of capitalizing research and development, based in the United States, until tax years starting after December 31, 2025. The proposed legislation would have a beneficial impact on our cash tax liabilities, if enacted. The Senate rejected the bill in August 2024 and its future remains uncertain. On June 27, 2024, California enacted SB-167, which suspends the use of California net operating loss and limits the use of California research tax credits to $5 million each year for our fiscal 2025-2027. On June 29, 2024, California enacted SB-175, which provides a refund mechanism for the incremental tax that was paid as a result of SB-167. We are evaluating the impact of the law change.

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