<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-23-286293.txt : 20231130
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-23-286293.hdr.sgml : 20231130
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20231130161402
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-23-286293
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		17
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20231128
ITEM INFORMATION:		Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
ITEM INFORMATION:		Regulation FD Disclosure
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20231130
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20231130

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			ENBRIDGE INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000895728
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PIPE LINES (NO NATURAL GAS) [4610]
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			A0
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-15254
		FILM NUMBER:		231456004

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		200 425 - 1ST STREET SW
		CITY:			CALGARY
		STATE:			A0
		ZIP:			T2P 3L8
		BUSINESS PHONE:		403-231-3900

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		200 425 - 1ST STREET SW
		CITY:			CALGARY
		STATE:			A0
		ZIP:			T2P 3L8

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	IPL ENERGY INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19940616

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	INTERPROVINCIAL PIPE LINE SYSTEM INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19930108
</SEC-HEADER>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"><p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL;text-align:left"><span style="white-space:nowrap">Pre-commencement</span> communications pursuant to Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">14d-2(b)</span> under the Exchange Act (17 CFR <span style="white-space:nowrap">240.14d-2(b))</span></p></td></tr> </table><p style="font-size:4pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"><p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL;text-align:left"><span style="white-space:nowrap">Pre-commencement</span> communications pursuant to Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">13e-4(c)</span> under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</p></td></tr> </table><p style="margin-top:7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">12b-2</span> of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 <span style="white-space:nowrap">(&#167;240.12b-2</span> of this chapter).</p><p style="margin-top:7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Emerging growth company&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="duration_2023-11-28_to_2023-11-28" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></p><p style="margin-top:7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;13(a) of the Exchange Act.&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family:Times New Roman">&#9744;</span></p><p style="margin-top:7pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL;text-align:center">Securities registered pursuant to Section&#160;12(b) of the Act:</p><p style="font-size:7pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style=" text-align: center;margin:auto; vertical-align:top"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" contextRef="duration_2023-11-28_to_2023-11-28" id="Fact_8">ENB</ix:nonNumeric></td>
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<td style="width:11%;vertical-align:top"><span style="font-weight:bold">Item&#160;5.02.</span></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"><p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.</p></td></tr></table><p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">On November&#160;28, 2023, the Board of Directors (the &#8220;Board&#8221;) of Enbridge Inc. (the &#8220;Corporation&#8221;), appointed Manjit Minhas as a director of the Corporation, effective immediately, to serve until the next Annual Meeting of Shareholders of the Corporation in 2024. The Board appointed Ms.&#160;Minhas to the Safety&#160;&amp; Reliability Committee and the Sustainability Committee, effective November&#160;28, 2023.</p><p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Ms.&#160;Minhas will be subject to the Corporation&#8217;s existing arrangements relating to director compensation and indemnification, substantially as described in the Corporation&#8217;s Annual Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">10-K/A</span> filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March&#160;6, 2023. There are no arrangements or understandings between Ms.&#160;Minhas and any other persons pursuant to which she was appointed as a director, and there are no transactions in which Ms.&#160;Minhas has an interest required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404(a) of Regulation <span style="white-space:nowrap">S-K.</span></p><p style="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"><p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Regulation FD Disclosure</p></td></tr></table><p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">On November&#160;29, 2023, the Corporation issued a news release announcing Ms.&#160;Minhas&#8217; appointment to the Board, as discussed in Item 5.02 above, a copy of which is furnished as Exhibit 99.1 to this Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K.</span></p><p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">On November&#160;29, 2023, the Corporation also issued a news release in connection with its 2024 financial guidance and increase in the common share dividend effective March&#160;1, 2024. A copy of this news release is furnished as Exhibit 99.2 to this Current Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K</span> and is incorporated herein by reference.</p><p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">The information included in Item 7.01 of this Current Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K,</span> including the attached Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2, shall not be deemed &#8220;filed&#8221; for purposes of Section&#160;18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is not subject to the liabilities of that section and is not deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.</p><p style="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"><a href="d261271dex991.htm">News Release of Enbridge Inc. dated November&#160;29, 2023 </a></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top">Date: November&#160;30, 2023</td>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL" ALIGN="right"><B><I>Exhibit 99.1 </I></B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">


<IMG SRC="g261271g1130073157265.jpg" ALT="LOGO">
 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>NEWS RELEASE </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Enbridge Appoints New
Director to its Board </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>CALGARY, Alberta, November</B><B></B><B>&nbsp;29, 2023</B> &#150; Enbridge Inc. (TSX:ENB) (NYSE:ENB) is pleased to announce that its
Board of Directors has appointed Manjit Minhas as a director of Enbridge. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Ms.&nbsp;Minhas is the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">co-founder</FONT> and CEO of
Minhas Breweries, Distilleries and Wineries. She is an experienced director and has extensive business and entrepreneurial experience. Ms.&nbsp;Minhas is currently a director of ATB Financial. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#147;On behalf of the Board of Directors of Enbridge, we are very pleased to welcome Ms.&nbsp;Minhas to the Enbridge Board. She will be a strong addition to our Board,
and we look forward to benefiting from her broad-based business acumen,&#148; stated Pamela Carter, the Chair of the Board of Directors of Enbridge. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>About
Enbridge Inc. </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">At Enbridge, we safely connect millions of people to the energy they rely on every day, fueling quality of life through our North American natural
gas, oil and renewable power networks and our growing European offshore wind portfolio. We&#146;re investing in modern energy delivery infrastructure to sustain access to secure, affordable energy and building on more than a century of operating
conventional energy infrastructure and two decades of experience in renewable power. We&#146;re advancing new technologies including hydrogen, renewable natural gas, carbon capture and storage and are committed to achieving net zero greenhouse gas
emissions by 2050. Headquartered in&nbsp;Calgary,&nbsp;Alberta, Enbridge&#146;s common shares trade under the symbol ENB on the&nbsp;Toronto&nbsp;(TSX) and&nbsp;New York&nbsp;(NYSE) stock exchanges. To learn more, visit us at&nbsp;enbridge.com. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>FOR FURTHER INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT: </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Media</B> </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B></B>Toll Free: (888) <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">992-0997</FONT> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Email:
<U>media@enbridge.com</U> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Investment Community </B> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Toll Free: (800) <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">481-2804</FONT> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Email: <U>investor.relations@enbridge.com</U> </P>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL" ALIGN="right"><B></B><B><I>Exhibit 99.2</I></B><B> </B></P>
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 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Enbridge Announces 2024 Financial Guidance and 3% Dividend Increase </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">CALGARY, ALBERTA, November&nbsp;29, 2023 &#150; Enbridge Inc. (Enbridge or the Company) (TSX:ENB)(NYSE:ENB) announced today its 2024 financial guidance and an annualized
common share dividend increase from $3.55 to $3.66 per share effective March&nbsp;1, 2024. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>HIGHLIGHTS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I>(All financial figures are unaudited and in Canadian dollars unless otherwise noted. * identifies <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT> financial measures.
See the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Non-GAAP</FONT> and Other Financial Measures section of this news release) </I></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">Announced 2024 adjusted earnings before interest, income taxes and depreciation (EBITDA)* guidance on base business<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">1</SUP> of $16.6&nbsp;billion to $17.2&nbsp;billion and distributable cash flow (DCF)* per share of $5.40 to $5.80. This excludes EBITDA and DCF contributions from the gas utilities acquisitions announced on
September&nbsp;5,<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top"> </SUP>2023 (the &#147;Acquisitions&#148;), which are expected to close during 2024 </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">The Company expects its 2024 base business<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">1</SUP> EBITDA to grow by more
than 4% and its DCF to increase by approximately 3% compared to the midpoint of its 2023 guidance </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">Declared 29<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">th</SUP> consecutive annual common share dividend increase,
raising it by 3.1% to $0.915 per quarter ($3.66 annualized), effective March&nbsp;1, 2024 </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">Reaffirmed 2023 full year guidance for EBITDA and DCF, inclusive of the recent share offering dilution
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>2024 FINANCIAL GUIDANCE PARAMETERS </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">All figures,
including EBITDA, DCF, capital expenditures, share counts, debt issuances and financial derivative figures, unless specified otherwise, in this news release are presented excluding the impact of the Acquisitions<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">1</SUP>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>CEO COMMENT </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Commenting on the Company&#146;s outlook, Greg Ebel, President and CEO of Enbridge, noted the following: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#147;As the world&#146;s demand for energy continues to grow, Enbridge remains committed to meeting these needs by delivering safe, affordable, reliable, and
sustainable energy. We understand the critical role we play in powering communities and economies, and we are dedicated to expanding our infrastructure to ensure energy accessibility for all. Enbridge will continue to innovate and invest in the
infrastructure required to strengthen our position as the first-choice energy delivery provider in North America and beyond.&#148; </P>
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<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">1</SUP>&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL; " ALIGN="left">Guidance excludes impact of <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">pre-funding</FONT> of the Acquisitions, which includes the
$4.6&nbsp;billion equity issuance on September&nbsp;5, 2023 and the US$2.0&nbsp;billion and C$1.0&nbsp;billion of hybrid bond issuances in September 2023. In addition to funding requirements, all DCF/EBITDA contributions from the Acquisitions have
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#147;We&#146;re excited to provide details on the visible growth across each of our core business units. Given that
we expect to realize only partial year contributions from the Acquisitions, we are issuing our guidance on the base business and excluding the impact of any contributions related to them. As indicated previously, we anticipate closing all three gas
utility acquisitions by the end of 2024. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#147;Our 2024 guidance showcases the predictability and strength of our four core businesses. The growth is attributable
to the capital we&#146;ve placed into service in 2023, over $3&nbsp;billion of <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">tuck-in</FONT> acquisitions, embedded revenue escalators and optimization of the base business. In 2024, we expect our base business to
generate EBITDA between $16.6 and $17.2&nbsp;billion. This range reflects over 4% growth relative to the midpoint of our 2023 guidance range and is right in line with what we presented at our annual investor day earlier this year. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#147;Growing our dividend remains an important component of our investor value proposition. We are pleased to announce that Enbridge is increasing its dividend by 3%
marking our 29<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">th</SUP> consecutive annual increase. We remain committed to annual dividend growth consistent with our medium-term distributable cash flow outlook and keeping our dividend payout ratio
within <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">60-70%</FONT> of DCF. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#147;Enbridge remains well positioned to continue delivering predictable growth well into the
future. Since the start of this year, we have secured an additional $7&nbsp;billion of attractive, organic projects, which increased our secured backlog to $25&nbsp;billion and added over $3&nbsp;billion of highly strategic, accretive <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">tuck-in</FONT> acquisitions. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#147;Finally, we continue to make great progress towards closing the Acquisitions next year. We have
secured funding for over 75% of the aggregate purchase price and will finance the remainder using a combination of tools at our disposal while keeping our <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">debt-to-EBITDA</FONT></FONT>
ratio within our stated 4.5x to 5.0x target range. This could include our ongoing capital recycling program, senior and subordinated debt issuances, reinstatement of our DRIP program, and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">at-the-market</FONT></FONT> equity issuances.&#148; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>2024 FINANCIAL OUTLOOK </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Enbridge is providing 2024 guidance on its base business of EBITDA of $16.6&nbsp;billion to $17.2&nbsp;billion and DCF per share of between $5.40 to $5.80. In addition
to the information provided below, the Company has posted supporting materials to the Investor Relations section of the Enbridge Inc. website (<B><U>link</U></B>). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>EBITDA Guidance on base business<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">1,2</SUP> </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR>

<TD WIDTH="35%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="32%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="31%"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom" NOWRAP STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>($ millions)<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">3</SUP></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>2024e</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Key Growth Drivers vs. 2023</B></P></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Liquids Pipelines</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">~$9,300</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:2.00em; text-indent:-1.50em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#149;&#8195;&#8202;Strong system utilization; partially offset by a lower Mainline toll</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Gas Transmission&nbsp;&amp; Midstream</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">~$4,700</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:2.00em; text-indent:-1.50em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#149;&#8195;&#8202;Morrow Renewables, Aitken Creek, Tres Palacios</P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:2.00em; text-indent:-1.50em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#149;&#8195;&#8202;Venice Extension partial year
contributions</P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:2.00em; text-indent:-1.50em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#149;&#8195;&#8202;Lower O&amp;A and
favorable <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">re-contracting</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Gas Distribution&nbsp;&amp; Storage</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">~$2,100</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:2.00em; text-indent:-1.50em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#149;&#8195;&#8202;Customer additions&nbsp;&amp; rate rebasing</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Renewable Power Generation</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">~$600</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:2.00em; text-indent:-1.50em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#149;&#8195;&#8202;Hohe See/Albatros; F&eacute;camp&nbsp;&amp; PGL in service</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Energy Services</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">~$-</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Eliminations&nbsp;&amp; Other</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">~$200</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:2.00em; text-indent:-1.50em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">&#149;&#8195;&#8202;Impact of foreign exchange hedge program</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"><B>Adjusted EBITDA<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">4</SUP></B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><B><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">$16,600-$17,200</FONT></B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(1)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL; " ALIGN="left">Sensitivities included within supporting materials (2)&nbsp;Guidance excludes impact of
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">pre-funding</FONT> of the Acquisitions, which includes the $4.6&nbsp;billion equity issuance on September&nbsp;5, 2023, and the US$2.0&nbsp;billion and C$1.0&nbsp;billion of hybrid bond issuances in September 2023.
In addition to funding requirements, all DCF/EBITDA contributions from the related Acquisitions have been excluded along-side any maintenance and growth capital requirements. (3)&nbsp;Assumes CAD/USD of $1.35 in 2024 (4) <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Non-GAAP</FONT> financial measures. See the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Non-GAAP</FONT> and Other Financial Measures section of this news release. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">2024 EBITDA guidance is underpinned by expected strong utilization across the base businesses&#146; annualized
contributions from $3&nbsp;billion of investments anticipated to be placed into service in 2023, partial year contributions from $4&nbsp;billion of investments expected to be placed into service in 2024 and contributions from the more than
$3&nbsp;billion of <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">tuck-in</FONT> acquisitions announced in 2023. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>DCF Guidance on base business<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">1</SUP> </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR>

<TD WIDTH="76%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="7%"></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom" NOWRAP STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>($ millions)<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top"> 2</SUP></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" COLSPAN="2" ALIGN="center" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"><B>2024e</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>


<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Adjusted EBITDA<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">3</SUP></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>$</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">16,600-$17,200</FONT></B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Maintenance Capital</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">~$</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(1,000</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Financing Costs</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">~$</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(4,100</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Current Income Taxes</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">~$</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(750</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Distributions to <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Non-Controlling</FONT> Interests</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">~$</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(350</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Cash Distributions in Excess of Equity Earnings</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">~$</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">600</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Other <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Non-Cash</FONT> Adjustments</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">~$</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">100</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1px; ">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Distributable Cash Flow (DCF)<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top"> 3</SUP></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>$</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">11,000-$11,800</FONT></B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>DCF/Share Guidance<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">3,4</SUP></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>$</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">5.40-$5.80</FONT></B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(1)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL; " ALIGN="left">Sensitivities included within supporting materials (2)&nbsp;Assumes CAD/USD of $1.35 in 2024 (3) <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Non-GAAP</FONT> financial measures. See the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Non-GAAP</FONT> and Other Financial Measures section of this news release (4)&nbsp;On approximately 2,025&nbsp;million shares outstanding.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">To mitigate against cash flow volatility, the Company has substantially hedged its budgeted 2024 USD DCF exposure. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">DCF per share guidance reflects higher interest rates on planned new fixed-rate financings and outstanding floating-rate debt. Enbridge will continue to actively manage
this exposure through its hedging program and expects to enter 2024 with less than 10% of the debt portfolio exposed to interest rate variability. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">All three
Acquisitions are expected to close in 2024 and provide partial year EBITDA contributions which have been excluded from guidance ranges. The Acquisitions are expected to be accretive to per share metrics in their first full year of ownership in 2025.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Dividend Increase </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Enbridge announces that the quarterly common share
dividend for 2024 will be increased by 3.1% from $0.8875 to&nbsp;$0.915&nbsp;per common share, commencing with the dividend payable on&nbsp;March 1, 2024, to shareholders of record on&nbsp;February 15, 2024. </P>
</DIV></Center>


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<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Capital Investments and Financing Plan </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">Enbridge expects to deploy approximately $6&nbsp;billion of capital in 2024, inclusive of maintenance capital. The balance sheet will remain strong with the <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Debt-to-EBITDA</FONT></FONT> ratio* at the end of 2024 expected to be in the middle of the Company&#146;s <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">4.5-5.0x</FONT> target range. The financing plan
includes approximately $8&nbsp;billion of debt issuances in 2024 which is substantially earmarked for the refinancing of $7&nbsp;billion of debt maturities. The Company has hedged a portion of its anticipated fixed-rate term-debt issuances for 2024.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>Enbridge Day and Outlook </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">At Enbridge&#146;s annual investor day
conference planned for March&nbsp;6, 2024, in New York, Management will discuss energy fundamentals, the Company&#146;s competitive position, its strategic priorities, its capital allocation priorities and the longer-term outlook. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>About Enbridge Inc. </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL">At Enbridge, we safely connect millions of people to the
energy they rely on every day, fueling quality of life through our North American natural gas, oil and renewable power networks and our growing European offshore wind portfolio. We&#146;re investing in modern energy delivery infrastructure to
sustain access to secure, affordable energy and building on more than a century of operating conventional energy infrastructure and two decades of experience in renewable power. We&#146;re advancing new technologies including hydrogen, renewable
natural gas, carbon capture and storage and are committed to achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Headquartered in&nbsp;Calgary,&nbsp;Alberta, Enbridge&#146;s common shares trade under the symbol ENB on the&nbsp;Toronto&nbsp;(TSX)
and&nbsp;New York&nbsp;(NYSE) stock exchanges. To learn more, visit us at&nbsp;enbridge.com. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I>Forward-looking information, or forward-looking statements, have been included in this news release to provide information about Enbridge and its subsidiaries and
affiliates, including management&#146;s assessment of Enbridge and its subsidiaries&#146; future plans and operations. This information may not be appropriate for other purposes. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as
&#145;&#145;anticipate&#146;&#146;, &#145;&#145;expect&#146;&#146;, &#145;&#145;project&#146;&#146;, &#145;&#145;estimate&#146;&#146;, &#145;&#145;forecast&#146;&#146;, &#145;&#145;plan&#146;&#146;, &#145;&#145;intend&#146;&#146;,
&#145;&#145;target&#146;&#146;, &#145;&#145;believe&#146;&#146;, &#147;likely&#148; and similar words suggesting future outcomes or statements regarding an outlook. Forward-looking information or statements included or incorporated by reference in
this document include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to the following: Enbridge&#146;s strategic plan, priorities and outlook; 2023 and 2024 financial guidance, including projected DCF per share and adjusted EBITDA and expected
growth thereof; expected dividends, dividend growth and dividend policy; the acquisitions of three gas utilities from Dominion Energy, Inc. (the &#147;Acquisitions&#148;), including the expected timing of closings; anticipated utilization of our
assets; expected EBITDA and expected adjusted EBITDA; expected DCF and DCF per share; expected future cash flows; expected shareholder returns; expected performance of the Company&#146;s businesses, including customer growth and organic growth
opportunities; financial strength, capacity and flexibility; financing plan and costs, including with respect to the Acquisitions; expectations on leverage, including
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Debt-to-EBITDA</FONT></FONT> ratio; expectations on sources of liquidity and sufficiency of financial resources; hedging program; expected
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">in-service</FONT> dates and costs related to announced projects and projects under construction; expected capital expenditures and capital allocation priorities; expected future growth and expansion opportunities,
including secured growth program and development opportunities; expecting closings, benefits and timing of transactions, including with respect to the Acquisitions; expected future actions and decisions of regulators and courts and the timing and
impact thereof; and toll and rate case discussions and filings, including with respect to the Mainline tolling settlement and Gas Distribution&#146;s rate rebasing application, and anticipated timing and impact therefrom
</I></P>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I>
Although Enbridge believes these forward-looking statements are reasonable based on the information available on the date such statements are made and processes used to prepare the information,
such statements are not guarantees of future performance and readers are cautioned against placing undue reliance on forward-looking statements. By their nature, these statements involve a variety of assumptions, known and unknown risks and
uncertainties and other factors, which may cause actual results, levels of activity and achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements. Material assumptions include assumptions about the following: the expected
supply of, demand for and prices of crude oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids (NGL), liquified natural gas (LNG) and renewable energy; energy transition, including the drivers and pace thereof; global economic growth and trade; anticipated
utilization of our assets; exchange rates; inflation; interest rates; availability and price of labour and construction materials; the stability of our supply chain; operational reliability and performance; customer, regulatory and stakeholder
support and approvals, including with respect to the Acquisitions; anticipated construction and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">in-service</FONT> dates; weather; announced and potential acquisition, disposition and other corporate transactions and
projects and the timing and impact thereof, including the Acquisitions; governmental legislation; litigation; impact of the Company&#146;s dividend policy on its future cash flows; credit ratings; hedging program; expected EBITDA and expected
adjusted EBITDA; expected earnings/(loss) and adjusted earnings/(loss); expected earnings/(loss) or adjusted earnings/(loss) per share; expected future cash flows and expected future DCF and DCF per share; estimated future dividends; financial
strength and flexibility; debt and equity market conditions; general economic and competitive conditions; ability of management to execute key priorities; and the effectiveness of various actions resulting from the Company&#146;s strategic
priorities. Assumptions regarding the expected supply of and demand for crude oil, natural gas, NGL, LNG and renewable energy, and the prices of these commodities, are material to and underlie all forward-looking statements, as they may impact
current and future levels of demand for the Company&#146;s services. Similarly, exchange rates, inflation and interest rates impact the economies and business environments in which the Company operates and may impact levels of demand for the
Company&#146;s services and cost of inputs and are, therefore, inherent in all forward-looking statements. Due to the interdependencies and correlation of these macroeconomic factors, the impact of any one assumption on a forward-looking statement
cannot be determined with certainty, particularly with respect to expected EBITDA, expected adjusted EBITDA, expected earnings/(loss), expected adjusted earnings/(loss), expected DCF and associated per share amounts, and estimated future dividends.
The most relevant assumptions associated with forward-looking statements regarding announced projects and projects under construction, including estimated completion dates and expected capital expenditures, include the following: the availability
and price of labour and construction materials; the stability of our supply chain; the effects of inflation and foreign exchange rates on labour and material costs; the effects of interest rates on borrowing costs; the impact of weather; and
customer, government, court and regulatory approvals on construction and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">in-service</FONT> schedules and cost recovery regimes. </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I>Enbridge&#146;s forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties pertaining to the realization of anticipated benefits and synergies of projects and
transactions, successful execution of our strategic priorities, operating performance, the Company&#146;s dividend policy, regulatory parameters, litigation, acquisitions and dispositions and other transactions, project approval and support,
renewals of <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">rights-of-way,</FONT></FONT> weather, economic and competitive conditions, global geopolitical conditions, political decisions, public opinion, changes in tax laws and tax
rates, exchange rates, interest rates, inflation, commodity prices, and supply of and demand for commodities, including but not limited to those risks and uncertainties discussed in this and in the Company&#146;s other filings with Canadian and U.S.
securities regulators. The impact of any one risk, uncertainty or factor on a particular forward-looking statement is not determinable with certainty as these are interdependent and Enbridge&#146;s future course of action depends on
management&#146;s assessment of all information available at the relevant time. Except to the extent required by applicable law, Enbridge assumes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements made in this news release or
otherwise, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. All forward-looking statements, whether written or oral, attributable to Enbridge or persons acting on the Company&#146;s behalf, are expressly qualified in their
entirety by these cautionary statements. </I></P>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">NON-GAAP</FONT> AND OTHER FINANCIAL MEASURES </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I>This news release contains references to EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted earnings, DCF, and DCF per share. Management believes the presentation of these metrics
gives useful information to investors and shareholders, as they provide increased transparency and insight into the performance of the Company. </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I><U>EBITDA</U>&nbsp;represents earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization. </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I><U>Adjusted EBITDA</U>&nbsp;represents EBITDA adjusted for unusual, infrequent or other <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-operating</FONT> factors on both a
consolidated and segmented basis. Management uses EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA to set targets and to assess the performance of the Company and its business units. </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I><U>Adjusted earnings</U> represent earnings attributable to common shareholders adjusted for unusual, infrequent or other
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-operating</FONT> factors included in adjusted EBITDA, as well as adjustments for unusual, infrequent or other <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-operating</FONT> factors in respect of depreciation and
amortization expense, interest expense, income taxes and noncontrolling interests on a consolidated basis. Management uses adjusted earnings as another measure of the Company&#146;s ability to generate earnings. </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I><U>DCF</U>&nbsp;is defined as cash flow provided by operating activities before the impact of changes in operating assets and liabilities (including changes in
environmental liabilities) less distributions to noncontrolling interests, preference share dividends and maintenance capital expenditures and further adjusted for unusual, infrequent or other <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-operating</FONT>
factors. Management also uses DCF to assess the performance of the Company and to set its dividend payout target. </I></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I>This news release also contains references
to <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Debt-to-EBITDA,</FONT></FONT> a <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT> ratio which utilizes adjusted EBITDA as one of its components. <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Debt-to-EBITDA</FONT></FONT> is used as a liquidity measure to indicate the amount of adjusted earnings available to pay debt, as calculated on a GAAP basis, before covering interest, tax, depreciation and amortization.
</I></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I>Reconciliations of forward-looking <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT> financial measures and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT>
ratios to comparable GAAP measures are not available due to the challenges and impracticability with estimating certain items, particularly certain contingent liabilities and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-cash</FONT> unrealized derivative
fair value losses and gains which are subject to market variability. Because of those challenges, a reconciliation of forward-looking <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT> financial measures and
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT> ratios is not available without unreasonable effort. </I></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><I>Our <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT>
financial measures and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT> ratios described above are not measures that have standardized meaning prescribed by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP)
and are not U.S. GAAP measures. Therefore, these measures may not be comparable with similar measures presented by other issuers. A reconciliation of historical <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT> and other financial measures to the
most directly comparable GAAP measures is available in the Investor Relations section of the Company&#146;s website. Additional information on <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-GAAP</FONT> and other financial measures may be found in the
Company&#146;s earnings news releases or in additional information in the Investor Relations section on the Company&#146;s website, www.sedarplus.ca or <U>www.sec.gov</U>. </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:ARIAL"><B>FOR FURTHER INFORMATION PLEASE CONTACT: </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="51%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="48%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"><B>Media</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><B>Investment Community</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Jesse Semko</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Rebecca Morley</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Toll Free: (888) <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">992-0997</FONT></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Toll Free: (800) <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">481-2804</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:ARIAL; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Email: media@enbridge.com</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Email:&nbsp;<U>investor.relations@enbridge.com</U></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV></Center>

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<!-- CTU Version: 72.0.8 -->
<!-- Creation date: 11/30/2023 12:40:54 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2023 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
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  xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
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<!-- DFIN - Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. -->
<!-- CTU Version: 72.0.8 -->
<!-- Creation date: 11/30/2023 12:40:54 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2023 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">City Area Code</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Soliciting Material</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security 12b Title</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Amendment Flag</link:label>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>enb-20231128_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<!-- Creation date: 11/30/2023 12:40:54 PM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2023 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>GRAPHIC
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>g261271g1130073157265.jpg
<DESCRIPTION>GRAPHIC
<TEXT>
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140703146908464">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 28, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Nov. 28,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">ENBRIDGE INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">Z4<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-15254<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">98-0377957<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address Address Line 1</a></td>
<td class="text">200, 425 - 1st Street S.W.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address City Or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Calgary<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address State Or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">AB<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCountry', window );">Entity Address Country</a></td>
<td class="text">CA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">T2P&#160;3L8<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">403<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">231-3900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Security 12b Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Shares<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">ENB<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000895728<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCountry">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCountry</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:countryCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
