<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with the Workiva Platform-->
<!--Copyright 2023 Workiva-->
<!--r:1c655b88-f4c2-4717-90a5-6afea9b947df,g:0d4a96c2-ae94-4550-832d-3afa8c68c10a-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:nke="http://www.nike.com/20230720" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.nike.com/20230720">
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei-sub/2022q4" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022q4/dei-sub-2022q4.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd-sub/2022q4" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2022q4/ecd-sub-2022q4.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="nke-20230720_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="nke-20230720_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="nke-20230720_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element id="nke_EquityAwardsAdjustmentsMember" abstract="true" name="EquityAwardsAdjustmentsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="nke_StockAwardsAdjustmentsMember" abstract="true" name="StockAwardsAdjustmentsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="nke_EquityAwardsReportedValueMember" abstract="true" name="EquityAwardsReportedValueMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="nke_AdjustmentToCompensationAmountEquityAwards" abstract="false" name="AdjustmentToCompensationAmountEquityAwards" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="nke_OptionAwardsAdjustmentsMember" abstract="true" name="OptionAwardsAdjustmentsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="nke_StockAndOptionAwardsAdjustmentMember" abstract="true" name="StockAndOptionAwardsAdjustmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="nke_EquityAwardsOutstandingAndUnvestedMember" abstract="true" name="EquityAwardsOutstandingAndUnvestedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="nke_EquityAwardsValueOfDividendsMember" abstract="true" name="EquityAwardsValueOfDividendsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="nke_EquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsVestedMember" abstract="true" name="EquityAwardsGrantedInPriorYearsVestedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
