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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value | NOTE 7 — ASSETS AND LIABILITIES MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE Accounting Standards Codification 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”) emphasizes fair value is a market-based measurement, and fair value measurements should be determined based on the assumptions market participants would use in pricing assets or liabilities. ASC 820 utilizes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs classified within Levels 1 and 2 of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy). Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, as well as inputs observable for the asset or liability (other than quoted prices), such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which are typically based on an entity’s own assumptions, as there is little, if any, related market activity. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment. Cash Traded Investments Our cash traded investments are generally classified within Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices, broker or dealer quotations, or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Derivative Financial Instruments We have entered into interest rate swap agreements to manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. The valuation of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements of these instruments. Although we determined the majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by us and our counterparties. We assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of our derivative positions, and at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we determined the credit valuation adjustments were not significant to the overall valuation of our derivatives. The following tables summarize our assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall (dollars in millions):
|  | September 30, 2018 |
|  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using |
|  | Fair Value |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments of insurance subsidiaries: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities |  | $ | 345 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 345 |  |  | $ | — |
Money market funds and other |  |  | 68 |  |  |  | 68 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Investments of insurance subsidiaries |  |  | 413 |  |  |  | 68 |  |  |  | 345 |  |  |  | — |
Less amounts classified as current assets |  |  | (46 | ) |  |  | (46 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 367 |  |  |  | 22 |  |  | $ | 345 |  |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swaps (Other) |  | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | — |
|  | December 31, 2017 |
|  |  |  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using |
|  | Fair Value |  |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investments of insurance subsidiaries: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Debt securities |  | $ | 371 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 371 |  |  | $ | — |
Money market funds and other |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Investments of insurance subsidiaries |  |  | 472 |  |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | 371 |  |  |  | — |
Less amounts classified as current assets |  |  | (54 | ) |  |  | (54 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 418 |  |  | $ | 47 |  |  | $ | 371 |  |  | $ | — |
Interest rate swaps (Other) |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | — |
The estimated fair value of our long-term debt was $34.125 billion and $34.689 billion at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, compared to carrying amounts, excluding net debt issuance costs, aggregating $33.270 billion and $33.222 billion, respectively. The estimates of fair value are generally based upon the quoted market prices or quoted market prices for similar issues of long-term debt with the same maturities.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2155941 + Details
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