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Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income Taxes | INCOME TAXES Inflation Reduction Act In August 2022, the IRA was signed into law. Among other provisions, the IRA implemented a new 15% corporate alternative minimum tax based on GAAP net income, with certain adjustments as defined by the IRA, and clean energy-related provisions. The IRA's clean energy provisions included, among other provisions, the extension and modification of existing investment and PTCs for projects placed in service through 2024 and introduced new technology-neutral clean energy-related credits beginning in 2025. In addition, the IRA created a new, zero-emission nuclear power PTC and a clean hydrogen PTC. For the year ended December 31, 2024, Duke Energy Carolinas and Duke Energy Progress have recorded nuclear PTCs of approximately $449 million and $73 million, respectively. These amounts represent the estimated net realizable value of the PTCs, which were deferred to a regulatory liability. The Company will continue to assess its calculations and interpretations as new information and guidance becomes available. The Subsidiary Registrants are working with the state utility commissions on the appropriate regulatory process to pass the net realizable value back to customers over time. In 2024, net proceeds of $558 million was received related to the sale of tax credits, which includes primarily $428 million of nuclear power PTCs at Duke Energy Carolinas, $65 million of nuclear power PTCs at Duke Energy Progress, and $43 million of solar PTCs at Duke Energy Florida. See Note 4 for further details on the IRA as it relates to Duke Energy Florida and Duke Energy Carolinas' approval for a stand-alone rider starting January 1, 2025. Income Tax Expense Components of Income Tax Expense Tax benefit from discontinued operations, in the following tables, includes income tax benefits related to the Commercial Renewables Disposal Groups. See Note 2 for further details.
| Year Ended December 31, 2024
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Current income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | (365) |  | $ | 178 |  | $ | 359 |  | $ | 373 |  | $ | 14 |  | $ | 52 |  | $ | 70 |  | $ | 40 |
State | 31 |  | 75 |  | 34 |  | 40 |  | (12) |  | 3 |  | 12 |  | (6) |
Foreign | 2 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total current income taxes | (332) |  | 253 |  | 393 |  | 413 |  | 2 |  | 55 |  | 82 |  | 34 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal | 858 |  | 10 |  | (22) |  | (215) |  | 181 |  | 8 |  | (19) |  | 40 |
State | 81 |  | (25) |  | 59 |  | (6) |  | 86 |  | 1 |  | 8 |  | 21 |
Total deferred income taxes(a) | 939 |  | (15) |  | 37 |  | (221) |  | 267 |  | 9 |  | (11) |  | 61 |
ITC amortization | (17) |  | (12) |  | (4) |  | (3) |  | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Income tax expense from continuing operations | 590 |  | 226 |  | 426 |  | 189 |  | 268 |  | 64 |  | 71 |  | 95 |
Tax benefit from discontinued operations | (50) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total income tax expense included in Consolidated Statements of Operations | $ | 540 |  | $ | 226 |  | $ | 426 |  | $ | 189 |  | $ | 268 |  | $ | 64 |  | $ | 71 |  | $ | 95 |
(a) Total deferred income taxes include the utilization of NOL carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards of $523 million at Duke Energy and $8 million at Duke Energy Indiana. In addition, total deferred income taxes include the generation of NOL carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards of $47 million at Duke Energy Carolinas, $85 million at Progress Energy, $66 million at Duke Energy Progress, $30 million at Duke Energy Florida, $26 million at Duke Energy Ohio, and $8 million at Piedmont.
| Year Ended December 31, 2023 |
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Current income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal(b) | $ | 71 |  | $ | 173 |  | $ | 459 |  | $ | 198 |  | $ | 279 |  | $ | (46) |  | $ | 10 |  | $ | 44 |
State | 1 |  | 22 |  | 38 |  | 4 |  | 71 |  | (3) |  | 9 |  | 3 |
Foreign | 3 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total current income taxes | 75 |  | 195 |  | 497 |  | 202 |  | 350 |  | (49) |  | 19 |  | 47 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal | 319 |  | (43) |  | (154) |  | (69) |  | (89) |  | 111 |  | 77 |  | 25 |
State | 53 |  | (7) |  | 38 |  | 19 |  | — |  | 1 |  | 14 |  | 12 |
Total deferred income taxes(a) | 372 |  | (50) |  | (116) |  | (50) |  | (89) |  | 112 |  | 91 |  | 37 |
ITC amortization | (9) |  | (4) |  | (4) |  | (3) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Income tax expense from continuing operations | 438 |  | 141 |  | 377 |  | 149 |  | 261 |  | 63 |  | 110 |  | 84 |
Tax benefit from discontinued operations | (359) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total income tax expense included in Consolidated Statements of Operations | $ | 79 |  | $ | 141 |  | $ | 377 |  | $ | 149 |  | $ | 261 |  | $ | 63 |  | $ | 110 |  | $ | 84 |
(a) Total deferred income taxes includes the generation of NOL carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards of $214 million at Duke Energy and $54 million at Duke Energy Indiana. In addition, total deferred income taxes includes the generation of NOL carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards of $2 million at Duke Energy Carolinas, $116 million at Progress Energy, $59 million at Duke Energy Progress, $5 million at Duke Energy Florida, $22 million at Duke Energy Ohio, and $15 million at Piedmont. (b) Total current federal income tax at Duke Energy includes corporate alternative minimum tax, net of tax credit utilization, of $69 million. In addition, under the IRA transferability provision, Progress Energy elected to sell $28 million of PTCs generated by Duke Energy Florida.
| Year Ended December 31, 2022 |
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Current income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | 1 |  | $ | (71) |  | $ | (13) |  | $ | 37 |  | $ | (37) |  | $ | (2) |  | $ | 38 |  | $ | 32 |
State | (8) |  | (13) |  | (3) |  | — |  | (23) |  | 1 |  | 2 |  | 2 |
Foreign | 4 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total current income taxes | (3) |  | (84) |  | (16) |  | 37 |  | (60) |  | (1) |  | 40 |  | 34 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal | 328 |  | 230 |  | 310 |  | 118 |  | 201 |  | (22) |  | (63) |  | 12 |
State | (14) |  | (16) |  | 59 |  | 7 |  | 84 |  | 3 |  | — |  | (7) |
Total deferred income taxes(a) | 314 |  | 214 |  | 369 |  | 125 |  | 285 |  | (19) |  | (63) |  | 5 |
ITC amortization | (11) |  | (4) |  | (5) |  | (4) |  | — |  | (1) |  | (1) |  | — |
Income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations | 300 |  | 126 |  | 348 |  | 158 |  | 225 |  | (21) |  | (24) |  | 39 |
Tax benefit from discontinued operations | (503) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total income tax (benefit) expense included in Consolidated Statements of Operations | $ | (203) |  | $ | 126 |  | $ | 348 |  | $ | 158 |  | $ | 225 |  | $ | (21) |  | $ | (24) |  | $ | 39 |
(a) Total deferred income taxes includes the generation of NOL carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards of $550 million at Duke Energy, $97 million at Duke Energy Carolinas, $128 million at Progress Energy, $9 million at Duke Energy Progress, $111 million at Duke Energy Florida, $7 million at Duke Energy Ohio, $13 million at Duke Energy Indiana, and $12 million at Piedmont. Duke Energy Income from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes
| Years Ended December 31,
(in millions) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Domestic | $ | 5,145 |  |  | $ | 4,700 |  |  | $ | 3,991 |
Foreign | 49 |  |  | 67 |  |  | 87 |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 5,194 |  |  | $ | 4,767 |  |  | $ | 4,078 |
Statutory Rate Reconciliation The following tables present a reconciliation of income tax expense at the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the actual tax expense from continuing operations.
| Year Ended December 31, 2024
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Income tax expense, computed at the statutory rate of 21% | $ | 1,090 | $ | 443 | $ | 545 | $ | 284 | $ | 279 | $ | 85 | $ | 108 | $ | 107
State income tax, net of federal income tax effect | 88 | 40 |  | 73 | 27 | 58 | 3 | 16 | 12
Amortization of EDIT | (436) | (225) | (121) | (98) | (23) | (23) | (49) | (18)
AFUDC equity income | (48) | (24) | (16) | (13) | (3) | (1) | (3) | (4)
AFUDC equity depreciation | 38 | 19 | 14 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 4 | —
Production tax credits | (46) | — | (46) | — | (46) | — | — | —
Other tax credits | (43) | (23) | (16) | (12) | (4) | (1) | (2) | (2)
Other items, net | (53) | (4) | (7) | (6) | — | (1) | (3) | —
Income tax expense from continuing operations | $ | 590 |  | $ | 226 |  | $ | 426 |  | $ | 189 |  | $ | 268 |  | $ | 64 |  | $ | 71 |  | $ | 95 |
Effective tax rate | 11.4 | % | 10.7 | % | 16.4 | % | 14.0 | % | 20.2 | % | 15.8 | % | 13.9 | % | 18.7 | %
| Year Ended December 31, 2023 |
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Income tax expense, computed at the statutory rate of 21% | $ | 1,001 | $ | 338 | $ | 490 | $ | 241 | $ | 268 | $ | 83 | $ | 128 | $ | 97
State income tax, net of federal income tax effect | 43 | 12 |  | 60 | 18 | 56 | (2) | 18 | 12
Amortization of EDIT | (388) | (197) | (114) | (91) | (23) | (22) | (33) | (20)
AFUDC equity income | (41) | (19) | (14) | (11) | (3) | (2) | (2) | (4)
AFUDC equity depreciation | 37 | 18 | 13 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 4 | —
Tax credits(b) | (63) | (11) | (46) | (7) | (39) | (2) | (2) | (1)
Interest on company-owned life insurance(a) | (114) | — | — | — | — | — | — | —
Other items, net | (37) | — | (12) | (7) | (5) | 6 | (3) | —
Income tax expense from continuing operations | $ | 438 |  | $ | 141 |  | $ | 377 |  | $ | 149 |  | $ | 261 |  | $ | 63 |  | $ | 110 |  | $ | 84 |
Effective tax rate | 9.2 | % | 8.8 | % | 16.2 | % | 13.0 | % | 20.4 | % | 15.9 | % | 18.1 | % | 18.1 | %
(a) During 2023, the Company evaluated the deductibility of certain items spanning periods currently open under federal statute, including items related to interest on company-owned life insurance. As a result of this analysis, the Company recorded a favorable federal adjustment of approximately $114 million and a favorable state adjustment of approximately $6 million. The favorable state adjustment is included in State income tax, net of federal income tax effect, in the above table. (b) Tax credits at Progress Energy and Duke Energy Florida include $28 million of certain eligible PTCs, net of discount, that were elected to be sold in 2023 under the transferability provisions of the IRA.
| Year Ended December 31, 2022 |
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Income tax expense, computed at the statutory rate of 21% | $ | 856 |  | $ | 362 |  | $ | 457 |  | $ | 245 |  | $ | 238 |  | $ | 59 |  | $ | 24 |  | $ | 76 |
State income tax, net of federal income tax effect | (17) |  | (23) |  | 44 |  | 6 |  | 48 |  | 3 |  | 2 |  | (4) |
Amortization of EDIT | (481) |  | (195) |  | (133) |  | (74) |  | (59) |  | (79) |  | (48) |  | (23) |
AFUDC equity income | (41) |  | (20) |  | (14) |  | (11) |  | (3) |  | (1) |  | (2) |  | (2) |
AFUDC equity depreciation | 36 |  | 18 |  | 12 |  | 6 |  | 6 |  | 1 |  | 4 |  | — |
Other tax credits | (43) |  | (12) |  | (16) |  | (9) |  | (7) |  | (2) |  | (3) |  | (8) |
Other items, net | (10) |  | (4) |  | (2) |  | (5) |  | 2 |  | (2) |  | (1) |  | — |
Income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations | $ | 300 |  | $ | 126 |  | $ | 348 |  | $ | 158 |  | $ | 225 |  | $ | (21) |  | $ | (24) |  | $ | 39 |
Effective tax rate | 7.4 | % | 7.3 | % | 16.0 | % | 13.6 | % | 19.8 | % | (7.5) | % | (21.2) | % | 10.8 | %
Valuation allowances have been established for certain state NOL carryforwards and state income tax credits that reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that will be realized on a more-likely-than-not basis. The net change in the total valuation allowance is included in state income tax, net of federal income tax effect, in the above tables. Valuation allowances have been established for foreign tax credits and certain tax attributes that reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that will be realized on a more-likely-than-not basis. The net change in the total valuation allowance is included in Other items, net in the above tables. DEFERRED TAXES Net Deferred Income Tax Liability Components
| December 31, 2024
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Deferred credits and other liabilities | $ | 284 |  | $ | 217 |  | $ | 84 |  | $ | 43 |  | $ | 41 |  | $ | 17 |  | $ | 15 |  | $ | 40 |
Lease obligations | 430 |  | 88 |  | 265 |  | 179 |  | 86 |  | 2 |  | 12 |  | 2 |
Pension, post-retirement and other employee benefits | 89 |  | (33) |  | (23) |  | (1) |  | (26) |  | 6 |  | 1 |  | (2) |
Progress Energy merger purchase accounting adjustments(a) | 227 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Tax credits and NOL carryforwards | 3,845 |  | 522 |  | 783 |  | 312 |  | 449 |  | 70 |  | 145 |  | 57 |
Regulatory liabilities and deferred credits | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 10 |  | — |
Other | 35 |  | 11 |  | 5 |  | 3 |  | 2 |  | 4 |  | — |  | 8 |
Valuation allowance | (517) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total deferred income tax assets | 4,393 |  | 805 |  | 1,114 |  | 536 |  | 552 |  | 99 |  | 183 |  | 105 |
Investments and other assets | (2,114) |  | (1,350) |  | (724) |  | (671) |  | (69) |  | — |  | — |  | (48) |
Accelerated depreciation rates | (11,942) |  | (3,203) |  | (4,608) |  | (1,624) |  | (3,047) |  | (1,361) |  | (1,677) |  | (1,019) |
Regulatory assets and deferred debits, net | (1,761) |  | (304) |  | (1,045) |  | (585) |  | (460) |  | (52) |  | — |  | (56) |
Total deferred income tax liabilities | (15,817) |  | (4,857) |  | (6,377) |  | (2,880) |  | (3,576) |  | (1,413) |  | (1,677) |  | (1,123) |
Net deferred income tax liabilities | $ | (11,424) |  | $ | (4,052) |  | $ | (5,263) |  | $ | (2,344) |  | $ | (3,024) |  | $ | (1,314) |  | $ | (1,494) |  | $ | (1,018) |
(a) Primarily related to lease obligations and debt fair value adjustments. The following table presents the expiration of tax credits and NOL carryforwards.
| December 31, 2024
(in millions) | Amount |  | Expiration Year
General Business Credits | $ | 2,186 |  |  | 2032 |  | — |  | 2044
Foreign Tax Credits(c) | 615 |  |  | 2027 |  | — |  | 2028
State Carryforwards and Credits(a) | 316 |  |  | 2025 |  | — |  | Indefinite
Corporate AMT Credits | 717 |  |  |  |  |  |  | Indefinite
Foreign NOL carryforwards(b) | 11 |  |  | 2027 |  | — |  | 2042
Total tax credits and NOL carryforwards | $ | 3,845 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(a) A valuation allowance of $102 million has been recorded on the state NOL and attribute carryforwards, as presented in the Net Deferred Income Tax Liability Components table. (b) A valuation allowance of $11 million has been recorded on the foreign NOL carryforwards, as presented in the Net Deferred Income Tax Liability Components table. (c) A valuation allowance of $404 million has been recorded on the foreign tax credits, as presented in the Net Deferred Income Tax Liability Components table. In 2024, the Company recorded a corporate alternative minimum tax liability, net of tax credit utilization, of $133 million. In addition, under the IRA transferability provision, the Company received net proceeds of $558 million related to the sale of certain tax credits generated by Duke Energy Carolinas, Duke Energy Progress and Duke Energy Florida.
| December 31, 2023
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Deferred credits and other liabilities | $ | 327 |  | $ | 194 |  | $ | 77 |  | $ | 21 |  | $ | 56 |  | $ | 13 |  | $ | 18 |  | $ | 42 |
Lease obligations | 418 |  | 86 |  | 256 |  | 179 |  | 77 |  | 4 |  | 15 |  | 3 |
Pension, post-retirement and other employee benefits | 65 |  | (41) |  | (22) |  | (1) |  | (25) |  | 5 |  | 2 |  | (5) |
Progress Energy merger purchase accounting adjustments(a) | 260 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Tax credits and NOL carryforwards | 4,489 |  | 445 |  | 686 |  | 230 |  | 425 |  | 44 |  | 154 |  | 50 |
Regulatory liabilities and deferred credits | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 47 |  | — |
Investments and other assets | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | — |
Other | 102 |  | 29 |  | 22 |  | 12 |  | 8 |  | 5 |  | 5 |  | 9 |
Valuation allowance | (544) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total deferred income tax assets | 5,117 |  | 713 |  | 1,019 |  | 441 |  | 541 |  | 71 |  | 242 |  | 99 |
Investments and other assets | (1,812) |  | (1,213) |  | (596) |  | (520) |  | (91) |  | — |  | — |  | (37) |
Accelerated depreciation rates | (11,969) |  | (3,411) |  | (4,557) |  | (1,823) |  | (2,778) |  | (1,314) |  | (1,678) |  | (944) |
Regulatory assets and deferred debits, net | (1,892) |  | (468) |  | (1,063) |  | (658) |  | (405) |  | (29) |  | — |  | (51) |
Total deferred income tax liabilities | (15,673) |  | (5,092) |  | (6,216) |  | (3,001) |  | (3,274) |  | (1,343) |  | (1,678) |  | (1,032) |
Net deferred income tax liabilities | $ | (10,556) |  | $ | (4,379) |  | $ | (5,197) |  | $ | (2,560) |  | $ | (2,733) |  | $ | (1,272) |  | $ | (1,436) |  | $ | (933) |
(a) Primarily related to lease obligations and debt fair value adjustments. UNRECOGNIZED TAX BENEFITS The following tables present changes to unrecognized tax benefits.
| Year Ended December 31, 2024
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Unrecognized tax benefits – January 1 | $ | 62 |  | $ | 21 |  | $ | 24 |  | $ | 18 |  | $ | 6 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | 11 |
Gross increases – current period tax positions | 12 |  | 4 |  | 5 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 2 |
Unrecognized tax benefits – December 31 | $ | 74 |  | $ | 25 |  | $ | 29 |  | $ | 22 |  | $ | 7 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | 13 |
| Year Ended December 31, 2023 |
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Unrecognized tax benefits – January 1 | $ | 65 |  | $ | 17 |  | $ | 19 |  | $ | 13 |  | $ | 5 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 9 |
Gross decreases – tax positions in prior periods | (15) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Gross increases – current period tax positions | 12 |  | 4 |  | 5 |  | 5 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 2 |
Total changes | (3) |  | 4 |  | 5 |  | 5 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 2 |
Unrecognized tax benefits – December 31 | $ | 62 |  | $ | 21 |  | $ | 24 |  | $ | 18 |  | $ | 6 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | 11 |
| Year Ended December 31, 2022 |
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Unrecognized tax benefits – January 1 | $ | 51 |  | $ | 13 |  | $ | 15 |  | $ | 10 |  | $ | 4 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 4 |
Gross increases – current period tax positions | 14 |  | 4 |  | 4 |  | 3 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 5 |
Total changes | 14 |  | 4 |  | 4 |  | 3 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 5 |
Unrecognized tax benefits – December 31 | $ | 65 |  | $ | 17 |  | $ | 19 |  | $ | 13 |  | $ | 5 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 9 |
The following table includes additional information regarding the Duke Energy Registrants' unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2024. None of Duke Energy Registrants anticipates a material increase or decrease in unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months.
| December 31, 2024
|  | Duke |  | Duke | Duke | Duke | Duke |
| Duke | Energy | Progress | Energy | Energy | Energy | Energy |
(in millions) | Energy | Carolinas | Energy | Progress | Florida | Ohio | Indiana | Piedmont
Amount that if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate or regulatory liability(a) | $ | 68 |  | $ | 24 |  | $ | 27 |  | $ | 20 |  | $ | 7 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | 11 |
(a) The Duke Energy Registrants are unable to estimate the specific amounts that would affect the ETR versus the regulatory liability. Duke Energy and its subsidiaries are no longer subject to federal, state, local or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2019, aside from certain tax attributes carried forward for utilization in future years.

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