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Recent Accounting Standards
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Accounting Changes And Error Corrections [Abstract]  
Recent Accounting Standards

(2) Recent Accounting Standards

Lease accounting

 

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 effective as of January 1, 2019 and elected the transition option to apply the new lease requirements as of the adoption date without restating comparative periods presented in its financial statements. Additionally, the Company elected the package of practical expedients described in ASU 2016-02, which includes not reassessing the following: (i) lease classification of existing leases, (ii) whether expired or existing contracts contain leases, and (iii) initial direct costs for existing leases.  

 

Upon adoption of ASU 2016-02, the Company recognized ROU assets of $88.8 million, total lease liabilities of $116.9 million, reductions in total deferred rent of $28.5 million, and reductions in prepaid expenses of $0.4 million in its 2019 beginning balances. All adjustments relate to the Company’s operating leases; the Company does not have any material leases that are classified as finance leases. There was no cumulative effect adjustment to the Company’s 2019 beginning retained earnings balance as the Company did not have material unamortized initial direct costs. Beginning in 2019, the Company presents the amortization of its operating ROU assets and the change in its operating lease liabilities within the operating activities section of its consolidated statements of cash flows. The adoption of ASU 2016-02 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations.  

 

Cloud computing arrangements

In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-15, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (“ASU 2018-15”). ASU 2018-15 requires customers in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow existing internal-use software guidance to determine which implementation costs to capitalize and which costs to expense. Under this model, customers would need to determine the nature of the implementation costs and the project stage in which they are incurred to determine which costs to capitalize or expense.  Customers would be required to amortize the capitalized implementation costs over the term of the hosting arrangement, which might extend beyond the noncancelable period if there are options to extend or terminate. Financial statement presentation under ASU 2018-15 requires: (i) capitalized implementation costs be classified in the same balance sheet line item as the amounts prepaid for the related hosting arrangement; (ii) amortization of capitalized implementation costs be presented in the same income statement line item as the service fees for the related hosting arrangement; and (iii) cash flows related to capitalized implementation costs be presented within the same category of cash flow activity as the cash flows for the related hosting arrangement (i.e. operating activity). ASU 2018-15 also requires disclosures for material capitalized implementation costs, including the nature of the hosting arrangement and additional disclosures similar to those required for major classes of depreciable assets. The standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning January 1, 2020.  The Company plans to adopt this guidance prospectively to eligible costs incurred on or after January 1, 2020 and is in the process of evaluating potential changes to related processes and internal controls.  

 

Credit losses

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires the application of a current expected credit loss (“CECL”) impairment model to financial assets measured at amortized cost (including trade accounts receivable), net investments in leases, and certain off-balance-sheet credit exposures. Under the CECL model, lifetime expected credit losses on such financial assets are measured and recognized at each reporting date based on historical, current, and forecasted information. Furthermore, the CECL model requires financial assets with similar risk characteristics to be analyzed on a collective (pooled) basis. ASU 2016-13 also changes the impairment accounting for available-for-sale debt securities, requiring credit losses to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities.  Impairment due to factors other than credit loss will continue to be recorded through other comprehensive income (loss).   The standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning January 1, 2020.  A modified retrospective adoption method is required, with a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening retained earnings balance in the period of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows, and disclosures.