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Share-based Compensation | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2022
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract] |
Share-based Compensation | (8) Share-based Compensation 2013 Stock Incentive Plan The Company’s 2013 Stock Incentive Plan (as amended, the “2013 Equity Plan”) authorizes the issuance of various types of share-based awards to the Company’s employees, officers, directors, and other eligible participants. As of September 30, 2022, a total of 2,750,000 shares of the Company’s class A common stock were authorized for issuance under the 2013 Equity Plan. As of September 30, 2022, there were 121,221 shares of class A common stock reserved and available for future issuance under the 2013 Equity Plan. Stock option awards As of September 30, 2022, there were options to purchase 1,539,279 shares of class A common stock outstanding under the 2013 Equity Plan. The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity (in thousands, except per share data and years) for the three months ended September 30, 2022:
|  | Stock Options Outstanding |
|  |  |  |  |  | Weighted Average |  |  | Aggregate |  |  | Weighted Average |
|  |  |  |  |  | Exercise Price |  |  | Intrinsic |  |  | Remaining Contractual |
|  | Shares |  |  | Per Share |  |  | Value |  |  | Term (Years) |
Balance as of July 1, 2022 |  |  | 1,489 |  |  | $ | 294.42 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Granted |  |  | 60 |  |  | $ | 231.25 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (4 | ) |  | $ | 141.84 |  |  | $ | 491 |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited/Expired |  |  | (6 | ) |  | $ | 381.84 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance as of September 30, 2022 |  |  | 1,539 |  |  | $ | 292.07 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercisable as of September 30, 2022 |  |  | 727 |  |  | $ | 183.43 |  |  | $ | 53,146 |  |  |  | 3.6 |
Expected to vest as of September 30, 2022 |  |  | 812 |  |  | $ | 389.31 |  |  | $ | 13,107 |  |  |  | 8.7 |
Total |  |  | 1,539 |  |  | $ | 292.07 |  |  | $ | 66,253 |  |  |  | 6.3 |
Stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2022 are comprised of the following range of exercise prices per share (in thousands, except per share data and years):
|  | Stock Options Outstanding at September 30, 2022 |
|  |  |  |  |  | Weighted Average |  |  | Weighted Average |
|  |  |  |  |  | Exercise Price |  |  | Remaining Contractual |
Range of Exercise Prices per Share |  | Shares |  |  | Per Share |  |  | Term (Years) |
$121.43 - $200.00 |  |  | 879 |  |  | $ | 136.87 |  |  |  | 4.2 |
$200.01 - $300.00 |  |  | 80 |  |  | $ | 239.61 |  |  |  | 9.9 |
$400.01 - $500.00 |  |  | 322 |  |  | $ | 408.66 |  |  |  | 9.3 |
$600.01 - $691.23 |  |  | 258 |  |  | $ | 691.23 |  |  |  | 8.4 |
Total |  |  | 1,539 |  |  | $ | 292.07 |  |  |  | 6.3 |
An aggregate of 15,625 stock options with an aggregate grant date fair value of $0.7 million vested during the three months ended September 30, 2022. The weighted average grant date fair value of stock option awards using the Black-Scholes valuation model was $153.74 and $334.40 for each share subject to a stock option granted during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, based on the following assumptions:
|  | Three months ended
|  | September 30,
|  | 2022 |  | 2021
Expected term of options in years |  | 6.3 |  | 6.3
Expected volatility |  | 70.9% |  | 57.6%
Risk-free interest rate |  | 3.5% |  | 1.0%
Expected dividend yield |  | 0.0% |  | 0.0%
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized approximately $12.7 million and $35.4 million, respectively, in share-based compensation expense from stock options granted under the 2013 Equity Plan. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized approximately $8.9 million and $23.0 million, respectively, in share-based compensation expense from stock options granted under the 2013 Equity Plan. As of September 30, 2022, there was approximately $141.4 million of total unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted average vesting period of approximately 2.9 years. Share-settled restricted stock units As of September 30, 2022, there were 129,969 share-settled restricted stock units outstanding under the 2013 Equity Plan. The following table summarizes the Company’s share-settled restricted stock unit activity (in thousands) for the periods indicated:
|  | Share-Settled Restricted Stock Units Outstanding |
|  |  |  |  |  | Aggregate |
|  |  |  |  |  | Intrinsic |
|  | Units |  |  | Value |
Balance as of July 1, 2022 |  |  | 132 |  |  |  |  |
Granted |  |  | 7 |  |  |  |  |
Vested |  |  | (6 | ) |  | $ | 1,907 |
Forfeited |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  |  |
Balance as of September 30, 2022 |  |  | 130 |  |  |  |  |
Expected to vest as of September 30, 2022 |  |  | 130 |  |  | $ | 27,587 |
During the three months ended September 30, 2022, 5,975 share-settled restricted stock units having an aggregate grant date fair value of $4.5 million vested, and 2,012 shares were withheld to satisfy tax obligations, resulting in 3,963 issued shares. The weighted average grant date fair value of share-settled restricted stock units granted during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $249.20 and $747.77, respectively, based on the fair value of the Company’s class A common stock. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized approximately $3.6 million and $10.0 million, respectively, in share-based compensation expense from share-settled restricted stock units granted under the 2013 Equity Plan. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized approximately $2.4 million and $5.0 million, respectively, in share-based compensation expense from share-settled restricted stock units granted under the 2013 Equity Plan. As of September 30, 2022, there was approximately $41.7 million of total unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to unvested share-settled restricted stock units, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted average vesting period of approximately 2.9 years. Other stock-based awards and cash-settled restricted stock units From time to time the Company has granted “other stock-based awards” and “cash-settled restricted stock units” under the 2013 Equity Plan. Other stock-based awards are similar to stock options, and cash-settled restricted stock units are similar to the Company’s share-settled restricted stock units, except in each case these awards are settled in cash only and not in shares of the Company’s class A common stock. Due to their required cash settlement feature, these awards are classified as liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and the fair value of the awards is remeasured each quarterly reporting period. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized approximately $0.2 million in share-based compensation expense and a reduction of approximately $0.4 million in share-based compensation expense, respectively, from other stock-based awards and cash-settled restricted stock units. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized $0.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively, in share-based compensation expense from other stock-based awards and cash-settled restricted stock units. As of September 30, 2022, there was approximately $0.5 million of total unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to other stock-based awards and cash-settled restricted stock units, which the Company expects to recognize over a weighted average vesting period of approximately 2.4 years, subject to additional fair value adjustments through the earlier of settlement or expiration. 2021 ESPP The Company also maintains the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “2021 ESPP”). The purpose of the 2021 ESPP is to provide eligible employees of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries with opportunities to purchase shares of the Company’s class A common stock, commencing at such time and on such dates as the Board of Directors of the Company shall determine. The first offering period under the 2021 ESPP commenced on February 16, 2021 and ended on August 15, 2021. After this first offering period, the Board of Directors of the Company determined to provide subsequent 6-month offering periods commencing on each March 1 and September 1 for the remaining term of the 2021 ESPP. An aggregate of 100,000 shares of the Company’s class A common stock has been authorized for issuance under the 2021 ESPP. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, 8,475 shares of class A common stock were issued in connection with the 2021 ESPP. As of September 30, 2022, 79,463 shares of the Company’s class A common stock remained available for issuance under the 2021 ESPP. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized approximately $0.5 million and $1.6 million, respectively, in share-based compensation expense related to the 2021 ESPP. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized approximately $0.6 million and $1.8 million, respectively, in share-based compensation expense related to the 2021 ESPP. As of September 30, 2022, there was approximately $1.3 million of total unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to the 2021 ESPP, which the Company expects to recognize over a period of approximately 0.4 years. Tax Benefits Related to Equity Plans For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, tax benefit related to the Company’s equity plans was as follows (in thousands):
|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, |  |  | September 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Tax (benefit) expense related to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Share-based compensation expense |  | $ | (2,906 | ) |  | $ | (2,212 | ) |  | $ | (9,146 | ) |  | $ | (5,489 | )
Exercises of stock options and vesting of share-settled restricted stock units |  |  | 680 |  |  |  | (3,687 | ) |  |  | 790 |  |  |  | (25,964 | )
Total tax benefit related to the Company's equity plans |  | $ | (2,226 | ) |  | $ | (5,899 | ) |  | $ | (8,356 | ) |  | $ | (31,453 | )

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