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GOODWILL AND OTHER ACQUIRED INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
GOODWILL AND OTHER ACQUIRED INTANGIBLE ASSETS GOODWILL AND OTHER ACQUIRED INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The following table summarizes the activity in goodwill for the periods indicated:
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
MAMISConsolidated
Gross goodwillAccumulated
impairment
charge		Net
goodwill		Gross goodwillAccumulated impairment
charge		Net
goodwill		Gross goodwillAccumulated
impairment
charge		Net
goodwill
Balance at beginning
of year		$5,681 $(12)$5,669 $287 $— $287 $5,968 $(12)$5,956 
Additions/
adjustments (1)
39 — 39 98 — 98 137 — 137 
Foreign currency translation adjustments54 — 54 1 — 1 55 — 55 
Ending balance$5,774 $(12)$5,762 $386 $— $386 $6,160 $(12)$6,148 
Year Ended December 31, 2023
MAMISConsolidated
Gross goodwill
Accumulated
impairment
charge
Net
goodwill
Gross goodwill
Accumulated impairment
charge
Net
goodwill
Gross goodwill
Accumulated
impairment
charge
Net
goodwill
Balance at beginning
of year		$5,474 $(12)$5,462 $377 $— $377 $5,851 $(12)$5,839 
Additions/
adjustments (2)
90 — 90 (87)— (87)3 — 3 
Foreign currency translation
adjustments		117 — 117 (3)— (3)114 — 114 
Ending balance$5,681 $(12)$5,669 $287 $— $287 $5,968 $(12)$5,956 
(1) The 2024 additions/adjustments primarily relate to certain immaterial acquisitions in 2024 (most notably GCR and Praedicat in the third quarter of 2024).
(2) The 2023 additions/adjustments primarily relate to a reallocation of goodwill pursuant to a realignment of certain components of the Company's ESG business in the first quarter of 2023.
Acquired intangible assets and related amortization consisted of:
September 30,
2024		December 31,
2023
Customer relationships$2,109 $2,065 
Accumulated amortization(634)(556)
Net customer relationships1,475 1,509 
Software/product technology691 674 
Accumulated amortization(420)(364)
Net software/product technology271 310 
Database179 179 
Accumulated amortization(97)(82)
Net database82 97 
Trade names207 199 
Accumulated amortization(83)(72)
Net trade names124 127 
Other (1)
66 52 
Accumulated amortization(48)(46)
Net other18 6 
Total acquired intangible assets, net$1,970 $2,049 
(1) Other intangible assets primarily consist of trade secrets, covenants not to compete, and acquired ratings methodologies and models.
Amortization expense relating to acquired intangible assets is as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2024202320242023
Amortization expense
$51 $49 $148 $150