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Financial Instruments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value of Derivatives Instruments

Derivative instruments were recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets as follows:

 

                                                                           
     As of December 31,  
     2016      2015  
     Asset      Liability      Asset      Liability  
     Derivatives      Derivatives      Derivatives      Derivatives  
     (in millions)  

Derivatives designated as accounting hedges:

           

Currency exchange contracts

   $ 19       $ 8       $ 20       $ 7   

Commodity contracts

     17         22         37         35   

Interest rate contracts

     108         19         12         57   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 144       $ 49       $ 69       $ 99   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges:

           

Currency exchange contracts

   $ 29       $ 43       $ 61       $ 33   

Commodity contracts

     112         167         70         56   

Interest rate contracts

     27         19         43         28   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
   $ 168       $ 229       $ 174       $ 117   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total fair value

   $ 312       $ 278       $ 243       $ 216   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Notional Values of Derivative Instruments

The net notional values of our derivative instruments were:

 

                                     
     Notional Amount  
     As of December 31,  
     2016      2015  
     (in millions)  

Currency exchange contracts:

     

Intercompany loans and forecasted interest payments

   $ 3,343       $ 4,148   

Forecasted transactions

     1,452         1,094   

Commodity contracts

     837         732   

Interest rate contracts

     6,365         3,033   

Net investment hedge – euro notes

     4,012         4,345   

Net investment hedge – pound sterling notes

     419         1,404   

Net investment hedge – Swiss franc notes

     1,447         1,073   
Hedges of Net Investments in International Operations

After-tax gains / (losses) related to hedges of net investments in international operations in the form of euro, pound sterling and Swiss franc-denominated debt were:

 

                                                                           
                          Location of
     For the Years Ended December 31,      Gain / (Loss)
     2016      2015      2014      Recognized in AOCI
            (in millions)              

Euro notes

   $ 73       $ 268       $ 328       Currency

Pound sterling notes

     148         42         39       Translation

Swiss franc notes

     12         9               Adjustment
Derivative  
Schedule of Derivative Instruments Fair Value and Measurement Inputs

The fair values (asset / (liability)) of our derivative instruments were determined using:

 

                                                                           
     As of December 31, 2016  
            Quoted Prices in                
            Active Markets      Significant      Significant  
     Total      for Identical      Other Observable      Unobservable  
     Fair Value of Net      Assets      Inputs      Inputs  
     Asset / (Liability)      (Level 1)      (Level 2)      (Level 3)  
     (in millions)  

Currency exchange contracts

   $ (3    $       $ (3    $   

Commodity contracts

     (60      (86      26           

Interest rate contracts

     97                 97           
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total derivatives

   $ 34       $ (86    $ 120       $   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
     As of December 31, 2015  
            Quoted Prices in                
            Active Markets      Significant      Significant  
     Total      for Identical      Other Observable      Unobservable  
     Fair Value of Net      Assets      Inputs      Inputs  
     Asset / (Liability)      (Level 1)      (Level 2)      (Level 3)  
     (in millions)  

Currency exchange contracts

   $ 41       $       $ 41       $   

Commodity contracts

     16         29         (13        

Interest rate contracts

     (30              (30        
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total derivatives

   $ 27       $ 29       $ (2    $   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Cash Flow Hedges  
Schedule of Cash Flow Hedges Effect on Accumulated Other Comprehensive Earnings / (Losses), Net of Taxes

Cash flow hedge activity, net of taxes, within accumulated other comprehensive earnings / (losses) included:

 

                                                        
     For the Years Ended December 31,  
     2016      2015      2014  
     (in millions)  

Accumulated gain / (loss) at January 1

   $ (45    $ (2    $ 117   

Transfer of realized losses / (gains) in fair value to earnings

     53                 (40

Unrealized gain / (loss) in fair value

     (129      (43      (79
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Accumulated gain / (loss) at December 31

   $ (121    $ (45    $ (2
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
Schedule of Effects of Derivative Instruments

After-tax gains / (losses) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive earnings / (losses) into net earnings were:

 

                                                        
     For the Years Ended December 31,  
     2016      2015      2014  
     (in millions)  

Currency exchange contracts – forecasted transactions

   $ (1    $ 83       $ 26   

Commodity contracts

     (4      (52      16   

Interest rate contracts

     (48      (31      (2
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ (53    $       $ 40   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

After-tax gains / (losses) recognized in other comprehensive earnings / (losses) were:

 

                                                        
     For the Years Ended December 31,  
     2016      2015      2014  
     (in millions)  

Currency exchange contracts – forecasted transactions

   $ 8       $ 40       $ 82   

Commodity contracts

     (34      (35      (2

Interest rate contracts

     (103      (48      (159
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ (129    $ (43    $ (79
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Pre-tax gains / (losses) on ineffectiveness recognized in net earnings from continuing operations were:

 

                                                        
     For the Years Ended December 31,  
     2016      2015      2014  
     (in millions)  

Commodity contracts

   $ 2       $ (4    $ (10
Fair Value Hedges  
Schedule of Effects of Derivative Instruments

Pre-tax gains / (losses) due to changes in fair value of our interest rate swaps and related hedged long-term debt were recorded in interest and other expense, net:

 

                                                        
     For the Years Ended December 31,  
     2016      2015      2014  
            (in millions)         

Derivatives

   $ (6    $ (1    $ 13  

Borrowings

     6        1        (13
Economic Hedging  
Schedule of Effects of Derivative Instruments

Pre-tax gains / (losses) recorded in net earnings for economic hedges were:

 

                                                                           
     For the Years Ended December 31,     

Location of
Gain / (Loss)

Recognized

 
     2016      2015      2014      in Earnings  
     (in millions)         

Currency exchange contracts:

           

Intercompany loans and
forecasted interest payments

   $ 21      $ 29      $ 4       
Interest and other
expense, net
 
 

Forecasted transactions

     (76      29        29        Cost of sales  

Forecasted transactions

     11        435        610       
Interest and other
expense, net
 
 

Forecasted transactions

     7        (12      (4     

Selling, general
and administrative
expenses
 
 
 

Commodity contracts

     (101      (38      (136      Cost of sales  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

Total

   $ (138    $ 443      $ 503