Note 8. Debt and Borrowing Arrangements

Short-Term Borrowings:

Our short-term borrowings and related weighted-average interest rates consisted of:



	As of March 31, 2018				As of December 31, 2017
	Amount Outstanding		Weighted- Average Rate		Amount Outstanding		Weighted- Average Rate
	(in millions)				(in millions)
Commercial paper	$	4,459	2.2	%	$	3,410	1.7	%
Bank loans	320		12.9	%	107		11.5	%
Total short-term borrowings	$	4,779			$	3,517

As of March 31, 2018, commercial paper issued and outstanding had between 2 and 118 days remaining to maturity. Commercial paper borrowings increased since year end primarily as a result of issuances to finance the payment of long-term debt maturities, dividend payments and share repurchases during the year.

Some of our international subsidiaries maintain primarily uncommitted credit lines to meet short-term working capital needs. Collectively, these credit lines amounted to $1.8 billion at March 31, 2018 and $2.0 billion at December 31, 2017. Borrowings on these lines were $320 million at March 31, 2018 and $107 million at December 31, 2017.

Borrowing Arrangements:

On April 2, 2018, in connection with the tender offer described below, we entered into a $2.0 billion revolving credit agreement for a 364-day senior unsecured credit facility that is scheduled to expire on April 1, 2019. The agreement includes the same terms and conditions as our existing $4.5 billion multi-year credit facility discussed below. On April 17, 2018, we borrowed $714 million on this facility to fund the debt tender described below and availability under the facility was reduced to match the borrowed amount.

On February 28, 2018, to supplement our commercial paper program, we entered into a $1.5 billion revolving credit agreement for a 364-day senior unsecured credit facility that is scheduled to expire on February 27, 2019. The agreement replaces our previous credit agreement that matured on February 28, 2018 and includes the same terms and conditions as our existing $4.5 billion multi-year credit facility discussed below. As of March 31, 2018, no amounts were drawn on the facility.

We also maintain a $4.5 billion multi-year senior unsecured revolving credit facility for general corporate purposes, including working capital needs, and to support our commercial paper program. On October 14, 2016, the revolving credit agreement, which was scheduled to expire on October 11, 2018, was extended through October 11, 2021. The revolving credit agreement includes a covenant that we maintain a minimum shareholders’ equity of at least $24.6 billion, excluding accumulated other comprehensive earnings/(losses) and the cumulative effects of any changes in accounting principles. At March 31, 2018, we complied with this covenant as our shareholders’ equity, as defined by the covenant, was $36.3 billion. The revolving credit facility agreement also contains customary representations, covenants and events of default. There are no credit rating triggers, provisions or other financial covenants that could require us to post collateral as security. As of March 31, 2018, no amounts were drawn on the facility.

Long-Term Debt:

On April 17, 2018, we completed a cash tender offer and retired $570 million of the long-term U.S. dollar debt consisting of:


•	$241 million of our 6.500% notes due in February 2040


•	$97.6 million of our 5.375% notes due in February 2020


•	$75.8 million of our 6.500% notes due in November 2031


•	$72.1 million of our 6.875% notes due in February 2038


•	$42.6 million of our 6.125% notes due in August 2018


•	$29.3 million of our 6.875% notes due in January 2039


•	$11.7 million of our 7.000% notes due in August 2037

We financed the repurchase of the notes, including the payment of accrued interest and other costs incurred, from the $2.0 billion revolving credit agreement entered into on April 2, 2018. The related loss on debt extinguishment and related expenses will be finalized in the second quarter of 2018.

On March 2, 2018, we launched an offering of C$600 million of 3.250% Canadian-dollar denominated notes that mature on March 7, 2025. On March 7, 2018, we received C$595 million (or $461 million) of proceeds, net of discounts and underwriting fees, to be used for general corporate purposes. We recorded approximately $4 million of discounts and deferred financing costs, which will be amortized into interest expense over the life of the notes.

On February 1, 2018, $478 million of our 6.125% U.S. dollar notes matured. The notes and accrued interest to date were paid with the issuance of commercial paper and cash on hand.

On January 26, 2018, fr250 million (or $260 million) of our 0.080% Swiss franc notes matured. The notes and accrued interest to date were paid with the issuance of commercial paper and cash on hand.

Our weighted-average interest rate on our total debt was 2.3% as of March 31, 2018, 2.1% as of December 31, 2017 and 2.2% as of December 31, 2016.

Fair Value of Our Debt:

The fair value of our short-term borrowings at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 reflects current market interest rates and approximates the amounts we have recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of our long-term debt was determined using quoted prices in active markets (Level 1 valuation data) for the publicly traded debt obligations. At March 31, 2018, the aggregate fair value of our total debt was $19,337 million and its carrying value was $18,788 million. At December 31, 2017, the aggregate fair value of our total debt was $18,354 million and its carrying value was $17,652 million.

Interest and Other Expense, net:

Interest and other expense, net consisted of:



	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2018			2017
	(in millions)
Interest expense, debt	$	102		$	103
Gain related to interest rate swaps	(14		)	—
Other (income)/expense, net	(8		)	16
Interest and other expense, net	$	80		$	119

See Note 9, Financial Instruments, for information on the gain related to interest rate swaps during the first quarter of 2018.