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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |
Net income for the year | $ 24,995 | $ 36,755 | $ 19,986
Adjustments for: |  |  |
Pension and medical benefits | 1,542 | 1,228 | 2,098
Results of equity-accounted investments | 304 | (251) | (1,607)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | 13,280 | 13,218 | 11,695
Impairment of assets (reversals), net | 2,680 | 1,315 | (3,190)
Inventory write down (write-back) to net realizable value | (7) | 11 | (1)
Allowance (reversals) for credit loss on trade and other receivables, net | 40 | 65 | (30)
Exploratory expenditure write-offs | 421 | 691 | 248
Gain on disposal/write-offs of assets | (1,295) | (1,144) | (1,900)
Foreign exchange, indexation and finance charges | 2,498 | 4,557 | 10,795
Income taxes | 10,401 | 16,770 | 8,239
Revision and unwinding of discount on the provision for decommissioning costs | 2,052 | 745 | 661
PIS and COFINS recovery - exclusion of ICMS (VAT tax) from the basis of calculation |  | (1) | (986)
Results from co-participation agreements in bid areas | (284) | (4,286) | (631)
Assumption of interest in concessions |  |  | (164)
Early termination and cash outflows revision of lease agreements | (415) | (629) | (545)
Losses with legal, administrative and arbitration proceedings, net | 797 | 1,362 | 740
Decrease (Increase) in assets |  |  |
Trade and other receivables | 88 | 355 | (2,075)
Inventories | 1,564 | (1,217) | (2,334)
Judicial deposits | (1,723) | (1,709) | (1,141)
Other assets | 324 | (413) | (289)
Increase (Decrease) in liabilities |  |  |
Trade payables | (954) | (359) | 1,073
Other taxes payable | (431) | (2,441) | 2,835
Pension and medical benefits | (927) | (2,130) | (2,239)
Provisions for legal proceedings | (591) | (380) | (643)
Other employee benefits | 356 | (182) | (312)
Provision for decommissioning costs | (902) | (602) | (730)
Other liabilities | (569) | (95) | 376
Income taxes paid | (10,032) | (11,516) | (2,138)
Net cash provided by operating activities | 43,212 | 49,717 | 37,791
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |
Acquisition of PP&E and intangible assets | (12,114) | (9,581) | (6,325)
Acquisition of equity interests | (24) | (27) | (24)
Proceeds from disposal of assets - Divestment | 3,606 | 4,846 | 4,783
Financial compensation from co-participation agreements | 391 | 7,284 | 2,938
Divestment (Investment) in marketable securities | 98 | (3,328) | 4
Dividends received | 88 | 374 | 781
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | (7,955) | (432) | 2,157
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |
Changes in non-controlling interest | 1 | 63 | (24)
Proceeds from finance debt | 2,210 | 2,880 | 1,885
Repayment of principal - finance debt | (4,193) | (9,334) | (21,413)
Repayment of interest - finance debt | (1,978) | (1,850) | (2,229)
Repayment of lease liability | (6,286) | (5,430) | (5,827)
Dividends paid to Shareholders of Petrobras | (19,670) | (37,701) | (13,078)
Share repurchase program | (735) |  |
Dividends paid to non-controlling interests | (49) | (81) | (105)
Net cash used in financing activities | (30,700) | (51,453) | (40,791)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 174 | (316) | (402)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 4,731 | (2,484) | (1,245)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year | 7,996 | 10,480 | 11,725
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | $ 12,727 | $ 7,996 | $ 10,480

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