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Provisions for legal proceedings, judicial deposits and contingent liabilities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Notes and other explanatory information [abstract]

Provisions for legal proceedings, judicial deposits and contingent liabilities

19.

Provisions for legal proceedings, judicial deposits and contingent liabilities

19.1.

Provisions for legal proceedings

The Company recognizes provisions for legal, administrative and arbitral proceedings based on the best estimate of the costs for which it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required and that can be reliably estimated. These proceedings mainly include:

Labor claims, in particular: (i) several individual and collective labor claims; (ii) opt-out claims related to a review of the methodology by which the minimum compensation based on an employee's position and work schedule (Remuneração Mínima por Nível e Regime - RMNR) is calculated; and (iii) actions of outsourced employees.

Tax claims including: (i) tax notices for alleged non-compliance with ancillary obligations; (ii) claims relating to benefits previously taken for Brazilian federal tax credits applied that were subsequently alleged to be disallowable; (iii) claims for alleged non-payment of CIDE on imports of propane and butane; and (iv) claims for alleged non-payment of social security contributions on allowances and bonuses.

Civil claims, in particular: (i) lawsuits related to contracts; (ii) legal and administrative proceedings involving fines applied by the ANP - Brazilian Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis), mainly relating to production measurement systems; and (iii) legal and administrative proceedings that discuss differences of royalties and special participation charges in several fields.

Environmental claims, specially: (i) fines relating to an environmental accident in the State of Paraná in 2000; (ii) fines relating to the Company’s offshore operation; and (iii) public civil action for oil spill in 2004 in Serra do Mar-São Paulo State Park.

Provisions for legal proceedings are set out as follows:


Non-current liabilities	12.31.2023	12.31.2022
Labor claims	806	737
Tax claims	544	466
Civil claims	1,614	1,504
Environmental claims	341	303
Total	3,305	3,010


	2023	2022
Opening Balance	3,010	2,018
Additions, net of reversals	389	1,072
Use of provision	(709)	(487)
Revaluation of existing proceedings and interest charges	376	273
Others	(5)	(2)
Translation adjustment	244	136
Closing Balance	3,305	3,010

In preparing its consolidated financial statements of 2023, the Company considered all available information concerning legal proceedings in which the Company is a defendant, in order to estimate the amounts of obligations and probability that outflows of resources will be required.

19.2.

Judicial deposits

The Company makes deposits in judicial phases, mainly to suspend the chargeability of the tax debt and to maintain its tax compliance. Judicial deposits are set out in the table below according to the nature of the corresponding lawsuits:

Schedule of non-current assets
Non-current assets	12.31.2023	12.31.2022
Tax	10,607	7,876
Labor	979	907
Civil	2,977	2,089
Environmental	115	109
Others	68	72
Total	14,746	11,053


	2023	2022
Opening Balance	11,053	8,038
Additions	1,735	1,710
Use	(148)	(115)
Accruals and charges	1,167	897
Others	(7)	(9)
Translation adjustment	946	532
Closing Balance	14,746	11,053

The Company maintains a Negotiated Legal Proceeding (NJP) agreement with the Brazilian National Treasury Attorney General's Office (PGFN), aiming to postpone judicial deposits related to federal tax lawsuits with values exceeding US$ 41 (R$ 200 million), which allows judicial discussion without the immediate disbursement.

To achieve this, the Company makes production capacity available as a guarantee from the Tupi, Sapinhoá, and Roncador fields. As the judicial deposits are made, the mentioned capacity is released for other processes that may be included in the NJP.

The Company’s management understands that the mentioned NJP provides greater cash predictability and ensures the maintenance of federal tax regularity. As of December 31, 2023, the balance of production capacity held in guarantee in the NJP is US$ 7,997.

19.3.

Contingent liabilities

Contingent liabilities for which either the Company is unable to make a reliable estimate of the expected financial effect that might result from resolution of the proceeding, or a cash outflow is not probable, are not recognized as liabilities in the financial statements but are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements, unless the likelihood of any outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is considered remote.

The estimates of contingent liabilities are indexed to inflation and updated by applicable interest rates. As of December 31, 2023, estimated contingent liabilities for which the possibility of loss is classified as possible are set out in the following table:


Nature	12.31.2023	12.31.2022
Tax	37,189	32,094
Labor	10,150	8,272
Civil	11,455	7,548
Environmental	1,427	1,257
Total	60,221	49,171

19.3.1.

Information on contingent liabilities

The tables below detail the main causes of tax, civil, environmental and labor nature, whose expectations of losses are classified as possible:


		Estimate
Description of tax matters	12.31.2023	12.31.2022
Plaintiff: Secretary of the Federal Revenue of Brazil
1) Withholding income tax (IRRF), Contribution of Intervention in the Economic Domain (CIDE), Social Integration Program (PIS) and Contribution to Social Security Financing (COFINS) on remittances for payments of vessel charters.
Current status: The claim about the incidence of withholding income tax (Imposto de Renda Retido na Fonte- IRRF) on remittances for payments of vessel charters, occurred from 1999 to 2002, involves the legality of the normative rule issued by the Federal Revenue of Brazil, which ensured no taxation over those remittances. The Company considers the likelihood of loss as possible, since there are decisions from Superior Courts favorable to the Company, and will continue to defend its opinion. The other claims, concerning CIDE and PIS/COFINS, involve lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages, for which the Company understands there is a possible likelihood of loss, since there are legal predictions in line with the position of the Company. In 2023, the amounts increased mainly due to inflation indexation, partially offset by the reduction in amounts of three cases already in the judicial phase that had unfavorable decisions in the Conselho Administrativo de Recursos Fiscais - CARF by the casting vote, and, as a result, the amounts of the fines were excluded from the active debt, in accordance with paragraph nine-A, article 25, of Law no. 14,689/2023.	11,409	10,386
2) Income from foreign subsidiaries located outside Brazil not included in the computation of taxable income (IRPJ and CSLL).
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. The Company considers the likelihood of loss as possible, since there are decisions from Superior Courts favorable to the understanding of the Company. In 2023, there was a reduction in amounts, partially offset by the inflation indexation, considering that, in four cases already in the judicial phase, there were unfavorable decisions in the CARF by the casting vote, and, as a result, the amounts of the fines were excluded from the active debt, in accordance with paragraph nine-A, article 25, of Law no. 14,689/2023.	4,260	4,396
3) Collection of Import tax (II), PIS/COFINS and customs fines including Petrobras as jointly liable.
Current status: Awaiting judgment of the Brazilian Federal Government appeal, at the CARF, because of a lower court administrative decision favorable to the Company. In 2023, the increase refers, in particular, to inflation indexation.	2,872	2,414
4) Requests to compensate federal taxes disallowed by the Brazilian Federal Tax Authority.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, new tax notices were issued.	1,816	705
5) Collection of IRPJ and CSLL - Transfer price - Charter contracts
Current status: The processes are in the administrative level. There are two decisions, one favorable and the other unfavorable to Petrobras in the first instance. The appeals from the Company and the Brazilian Federal Government are awaited. In 2023, the Company received a new tax notice relating to 2018.	1,418	498
6) Deduction of the PIS and COFINS tax base, including in ship or pay contracts and charters of aircraft and vessels.
Current status: The claims involve lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, the increase refers, in particular, to inflation indexation.	1,370	986
7) Collection of PIS/COFINS – Incidences on Amnesties.
Current status: Collection of social contributions PIS/COFINS, resulting from the tax transaction provided for in article 3 of Law 13,586/2017. The Embargoes on Execution are in the stage of producing expert evidence. In 2023, the increase refers, in particular, to the registration of the debt in Active Debt of the Brazilian Federal Government.	1,263	870
8) Incidence of social security contributions over contingent bonuses paid to employees.
Current status: Awaiting defense judgment and appeals at the administrative and judicial levels.	1,064	922
9) Deduction of the IRPJ and CSLL tax base of the amounts paid as an incentive to the Petros Plan renegotiation and past service.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different judicial stages.	723	646
10) Income taxes (IRPJ and CSLL) - Capital gains and Amortization of goodwill on the acquisition of equity interests.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative stages.	578	501
11) Collection of Contribution of Intervention in the Economic Domain (CIDE) on transactions with fuel retailers and service stations protected by judicial injunctions determining that fuel sales were made without gross-up of such tax.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different judicial stages.	544	485
12) Import tax, PIS/COFINS and customs fines - Import of vessels through Repetro's Special Customs Regime.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, a new tax notice was issued against the Company.	403	294
13) Customs – Fines of 1% and 5% on the Customs Value.
Fines applied to the customs value of imported products due to inaccurated information in import declarations.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages.	273	240

Plaintiff: States of SP, RJ, BA, PA, AL, MA, PB, PE, AM and SE Finance Departments
14) VAT (ICMS) and VAT credits on internal consumption of bunker fuel and marine diesel, destined to chartered vessels.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages.	514	425
Plaintiff: States of RJ and BA Finance Departments
15) VAT (ICMS) on dispatch of liquid natural gas (LNG) and C5+ (tax document not accepted by the tax authority), as well as challenges on the rights to this VAT tax credit.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages.	960	842
Plaintiff: States of PE and RJ Finance Departments
16) VAT Tax (ICMS) on imports required by Brazilian States.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, the reduction refers, in particular, to the change in the expectation of loss of several processes, from possible to remote, due to the effects of the decision of the Constitutional Declaratory Action (ADC) 49 of the Federal Supreme Court.	355	440
Plaintiff: States of RJ, AM, PA, BA, MA, SP, RO, PE and RS Finance Departments
17) Alleged failure to write-down VAT (ICMS) credits related to zero tax rated or non-taxable sales made by the Company and its customers.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, the increase resulted, in particular, from the receipt of new tax notices and inflation indexation.	1,257	916
Plaintiff: States of RJ, BA, PE and MT Finance Departments
18) The plaintiff alleges that the transfers between branches, especially in RJ, without segregating VAT (ICMS), under the special regime, reduced the total credits of the central department.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, the increase refers, in particular, to the inflation indexation, partially offset by the change in the expectation of loss of several processes, from possible to remote, due to the effects of the decision of the Constitutional Declaratory Action (ADC) 49 of the Supreme Federal Court.	1,027	929
Plaintiff: States of RJ, BA, PB, SE, SP, ES, CE and PE Finance Departments
19) Appropriation of ICMS credit on the acquisition of goods (products in general) that, in the understanding of the inspection, would fit into the concept of material for use and consumption, being the tax credit undue.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, the reduction refers, in particular, to the change in the expectation of several processes, from possible to remote loss, due to the effects of the decision of the Constitutional Declaratory Action (ADC) 49 of the Supreme Federal Court.	374	687
Plaintiff: States of RJ, PR, AM, BA, PA, PE, SP, PB and AL Finance Departments
20) Incidence of VAT (ICMS) over alleged differences in the control of physical and fiscal inventories.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages.	913	799
Plaintiff: State of SP Finance Department
21) Deferral of payment of VAT (ICMS) taxes on B100 Biodiesel sales and the charge of a 7% VAT rate on B100 on Biodiesel interstate sales, including states in the Midwest, North and Northeast regions of Brazil and the State of Espírito Santo.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages.	299	263
Plaintiff: States of RJ, SP, BA, PE, PR and CE Finance Departments
22) Misappropriation of VAT tax credit (ICMS) on the acquisitions of goods that, per the tax authorities, are not related to property, plant and equipment.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, the increase resulted, in particular, from the receipt of new tax notices and inflation indexation.	576	478
Plaintiff: States of RJ, SP, BA, PA and AM Finance Departments
23) Misappropriation of VAT tax credit (ICMS) on the acquisitions of drills and chemicals used in the formulation of drilling fluid, per the tax authorities.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, the reduction refers, in particular, to the change in the expectation of several processes from possible to remote loss, due to the effects of the decision of the Constitutional Declaratory Action (ADC) 49 of the Brazilian Superior Court.	81	486
Plaintiff: States of AC, PA, AM, MA, BA, PB, PE, SE, TO, GO, MT, RJ, SP, SC and PR Finance Departments
24) VAT Tax (ICMS) under substitution regime required by states.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages. In 2023, the increase resulted, in particular, from the receipt of new tax notices.	223	160
Plaintiff: Municipal government of Angra dos Reis/RJ
25) Added value of ICMS on oil import operations.
Current status: This claim involves lawsuits in several judicial stages. In 2023, due to a decision in favor of the Company's thesis, in the Brazilian Superior Court, which dismissed the Municipality's Special Appeal, the expectation of some processes was changed from possible to remote loss. A new tax notice was also received.	311	347

Plaintiff: Several Municipalities
26) Alleged failure to withhold and pay tax on services (ISSQN).
Current status: There are lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages.	254	223
27) Other tax matters	2,052	1,756
Total for tax matters	37,189	32,094

		Estimate
Description of labor matters	12.31.2023	12.31.2022
Plaintiff: Employees and Sindipetro Unions.
1) Actions requiring a review of the methodology by which the minimum compensation based on an employee's position and work schedule (Remuneração Mínima por Nível e Regime - RMNR) is calculated.
Current status: The dispute is in the Federal Supreme Court (STF). On 07/28/2021, Petrobras filed an appeal and the Minister Rapporteur decided favorably to the Company, reforming the decision of the Plenary of the Superior Labor Court (TST) which was contrary to Petrobras. The judgment of the appeals filed by the author of the action and by several amici curiae in light of the aforementioned decision of the Minister Rapporteur was concluded by the judging panel on 11/10/2023, confirming, by 3 votes to 1, the decision that recognized the merit of the collective bargaining agreement signed between Petrobras and the unions. In 2023, the increase was due, in particular, to the inflation indexation and amounts added in the period. In January 2024, the ruling was published by the Supreme Court. Against the aforementioned ruling, the complainant and union entities filed an appeal for clarification, which was discussed in a virtual plenary session started on 02/23/2024 and ended on 03/01/2024. The declaratory embargoes were not recognized by unanimous decision of the first Panel of the Supreme Court, maintaining the decision in favor of Petrobras. This decision is still pending publication.	8,362	6,806
2) Other labor matters	1,788	1,466
Total for labor matters	10,150	8,272

		Estimate
Description of civil matters	12.31.2023	12.31.2022
Plaintiff: Several goods and service providers
1) Claims related to goods and services supply contracts, with emphasis on discussions about economic and financial imbalance, contractual breach, fines and early termination of contracts.
Current status: The claims involve lawsuits in different judicial stages. In 2023, there was an increase in value due to new lawsuits and decisions unfavorable to Petrobras.	3,547	2,988
Plaintiff: Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis - ANP
2) Proceedings challenging an ANP order requiring Petrobras to unite Tupi and Cernambi fields on the BM-S-11 joint venture; to unite Baúna and Piracicaba fields; and to unite Tartaruga Verde and Mestiça fields, which would cause changes in the payment of special participation charge.
Current status: This list involves claims that are disputed in court and in arbitration proceedings, as follows. In 2023, there was an increase in the value, due to the judicial deposits that are made by Petrobras: a) Tupi and Cernanbi: initially, the Company made judicial deposits for the alleged differences resulting from the special participation. However, with the reversal of the favorable injunction, the payment of these alleged differences were made directly to ANP, and such judicial deposits were resumed in the 2nd quarter of 2019. The suspension of the arbitration was reversed by the BM-S-11 Consortium at the Brazilian Superior Court, so that the arbitration resumed its progress. b) Baúna and Piracicaba: the Federal Regional Court of the Second Region upheld the suspension of arbitration. Petrobras filed appeals with the Superior Courts. c) Tartaruga Verde and Mestiça: The Company has authorization to make the judicial deposits relating to these fields. The Regional Federal Court of the Second Region has the opinion that the Chamber of Arbitration has jurisdiction on this claim and the arbitration is ongoing up to item 6 of the joint schedule (pre-hearing meeting) formulated by the parties.	2,245	1,531
Plaintiff: Federations Oil Workers, Unions, employees and retired personnel from Petros
3) Collective and individual actions that discuss topics related to Petros plans.
Current status: The matter involves proceedings at different judicial stages. In 2023, the increase refers, in particular, to the change in the expectation of remote to possible loss in a collective action request.	2,225	6
Plaintiff: Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis - ANP and other agencies
4) Administrative and legal proceedings that discuss: a) Difference in special participation and royalties in different fields; b) Fines imposed by ANP due to alleged failure to comply with the minimum exploration activities program, as well as alleged irregularities relating to compliance with oil and gas industry regulation. It also includes fines imposed by other agencies.
Current status: The claims involve lawsuits in different administrative and judicial stages.	2,214	1,980
Plaintiff: Legal entities that participated in the purchase and sale of Petrobras assets
5) Judicial and arbitration proceedings that discuss asset sales carried out by Petrobras.
Current status: The matter involves proceedings in different judicial and arbitration stages. In 2023, there was an increase in value due to the receipt of new processes.	240	156
6) Several civil proceedings, with emphasis on those related to expropriation and easement of passage and civil liability.	984	887
Total for civil matters	11,455	7,548

		Estimate
Description of environmental matters	12.31.2023	12.31.2022
Plaintiff: Several authors, notably: Ministério Público Federal, Ministérios Públicos Estaduais and public environmental bodies, such as IBAMA - Instituto Brasileiro de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Naturais Renováveis, state and municipal public bodies.
1) Several lawsuits of an environmental nature, with emphasis on fines related to the Company's operations and public civil action for alleged environmental damage due to the sinking of Platform P-36.	1,427	1,257
Total for environmental matters	1,427	1,257

19.3.2.

Minimum Compensation Based on Employee's Position and Work Schedule (Remuneração Mínima por Nível e Regime - RMNR)

There are lawsuits related to the Minimum Compensation Based on Employee's Position and Work Schedule (RMNR), with the objective of reviewing its calculation criteria.

The RMNR consists of a minimum remuneration guaranteed to employees, based on salary level, work schedule and geographic location. This policy was created through collective bargaining with union entities and was approved at employee meetings, being finally put into practice by Petrobras in 2007, but started being the subject of lawsuits three years after its implementation.

In 2018, the Brazilian Superior Labor Court (TST) ruled against the Company, which filed extraordinary appeals to the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court (STF) which suspended the effects of the decision issued by the TST and determined the national suspension of the ongoing proceedings related to the RMNR.

In July 2021, a monocratic decision was published in which the STF’s Judge-Rapporteur granted an extraordinary appeal filed, accepting the Company's thesis and recognizing the validity of the collective bargaining agreement freely signed between Petrobras and the unions, reversing the decision of the TST.

In November 2023, the First Panel of the Supreme Federal Court decided in favor of the Company (with 3 votes against 1), confirming that there is an understanding of recognizing the merit of the collective bargaining agreement signed between the companies and the unions. In January 2024, the ruling was published by the STF. Against this ruling, the complainant and union entities filed an appeal for clarification, which was discussed in a virtual plenary session which occurred from February 23 to March 1, 2024. The declaratory embargoes were not recognized by unanimous decision of the first Panel of the Supreme Court, maintaining the decision in favor of Petrobras. This decision is still pending publication.

As of December 31, 2023, the balance of provisions for legal proceedings regarding RMNR amounts to US$ 135, while the contingent liabilities amount to US$ 8,362.

19.4.

Class action and related proceedings

19.4.1.

Class action in the Netherlands

On January 23, 2017, Stichting Petrobras Compensation Foundation ("Foundation") filed a class action in the Netherlands, at the District Court of Rotterdam, against Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. – Petrobras, Petrobras International Braspetro B.V. (PIB BV), Petrobras Global Finance B.V. (PGF), Petrobras Oil & Gas B.V. (PO&G) and some former Petrobras managers. The Foundation alleges that it represents the interests of an unidentified group of investors and asserts that, based on the facts revealed by the Lava-Jato Operation, the defendants acted illegally before the investors. On May 26, 2021, the District Court of Rotterdam decided that the class action should proceed and that the arbitration clause of Petrobras' bylaws does not prevent the Company's shareholders from having access to the Dutch Judiciary and have their interests represented by the “Foundation”. However, investors who have already started arbitration against Petrobras or who are parties to legal proceedings in which the applicability of the arbitration clause has been definitively recognized are excluded from the scope of the action. The collective action moved to the discussion phase of merit issues.

On July 26, 2023, the Court issued an intermediary decision on the merits, ordering the production of evidence, in relation to which the parties may express their views before the publication of the decision on the merits, which is appealable. In addition, the Court expressed in advance some understanding, which must be included in the decision on the merits, among which: (i) the requests made against PIB BV, PO&G and certain former members of the Company’s management were rejected; (ii) the Court declared that Petrobras and the PGF acted illegally in relation to their investors, although the Court expressed it does not consider itself sufficiently informed about relevant aspects of Brazilian, Argentine and Luxembourger laws to definitively decide on the merits of the action; and iii) the alleged rights under Spanish legislation are prescribed.

The Foundation cannot claim compensation under the class action, which will depend not only on a result favorable to the interests of the investors in the class action, but also on the filing of subsequent actions by or on behalf of the investors by the Foundation itself, an opportunity in which Petrobras will be able to offer all the defenses already presented in the class action and others that it deems appropriate, including in relation to the occurrence and quantification of any damages that must be proven. Any compensation for the alleged damages will only be determined by court decisions in subsequent actions mentioned above.

This class action involves complex issues and the outcome is subject to substantial uncertainties, which depend on factors such as: the scope of the arbitration clause of the Petrobras Statute, the jurisdiction of the Dutch courts, the scope of the agreement that ended the Class Action in the United States, the Foundation's legitimacy to represent the interests of investors, the several laws applicable to the case, the information obtained from the production phase of evidence, the expert analyses, the timetable to be defined by the Court and the judicial decisions on key issues of the process, possible appeals, including before the Dutch Supreme Court, as well as the fact that the Foundation seeks only a declaratory decision in this class action.

The Company, based on the assessments of its advisors, considers that there are not enough indicative elements to qualify the universe of potential beneficiaries of a possible final decision unfavorable to Petrobras' interests, nor to quantify the supposedly compensable damages.

Thus, it is currently not possible to predict whether the Company will be liable for the effective payment of damages in any future individual claims, as this analysis will depend on the outcome of these complex procedures. In addition, it is not possible to know which investors will be able to bring subsequent individual actions related to this matter against Petrobras.

Furthermore, the claims formulated are broad, cover a multi-year period and involve a wide variety of activities and, in the current scenario, the impacts of such claims are highly uncertain. The uncertainties inherent in all of these issues affect the value and duration of final resolution of this action. As a result, Petrobras is unable to estimate an eventual loss resulting from this action. However, Petrobras reiterates its condition as a victim of the corruption scheme revealed by the Lava-Jato operation and intends to present and prove this condition before the Dutch court.

The Company denies the allegations made by the Foundation and will continue to defend themselves vigorously.

19.4.2.

Arbitration and other legal proceedings in Argentina

In relation to the arbitration in Argentina, the Argentine Supreme Court denied the appeal, but the Consumidores Damnificados Asociación Civil para su Defensa (formerly Consumidores Financieros Asociación Civil, "Association") filed a new appeal to the Argentine Supreme Court, which was also denied, thus the arbitration was sent to the Arbitration Court. This arbitration discusses Petrobras' liability for an alleged loss of market value of Petrobras' shares in Argentina, as a result of the Lava Jato Operation. The Company is unable to provide a reliable estimate of the potential loss in this arbitration.

In parallel to such arbitration, the Association also initiated a collective action before the Civil and Commercial Court of Buenos Aires, in Argentina, with Petrobras appearing spontaneously on April 10, 2023, within the scope of which it alleges Petrobras' responsibility for an alleged loss of the market value of Petrobras' securities in Argentina, as a result of allegations made within the scope of Lava Jato Operation and their impact on the company's financial statements prior to 2015. Petrobras presented its defense on August 30, 2023. Petrobras denies the allegations presented by the Association and will vigorously defend itself against the accusations made by the author of the class action. The Company is unable to provide a reliable estimate of the potential loss in this arbitration.

Regarding criminal proceeding in Argentina related to an alleged fraudulent offer of securities, aggravated by the fact that Petrobras allegedly declared false data in its financial statements prior to 2015, the Court of Appeals revoked, on October 21, 2021, the lower court decision that had recognized Petrobras' immunity from jurisdiction and recommended that the lower court judge take steps to certify whether the Company could be considered criminally immune in Argentina for further reassessment of the issue. Petrobras appealed against this decision, but the higher courts upheld the decision of the Court of Appeals. After carrying out the steps determined by the Court of Appeals, on May 30, 2023, the lower court denied the recognition of immunity from jurisdiction to Petrobras. Petrobras filed an appeal against this decision, which is still pending judgment. The Court of Appeals previously recognized that the Association could not act as a representative of financial consumers, due to the loss of its registration with the competent Argentine bodies, which was also the subject of an appeal upheld by the Court of Appeals on September 15, 2022, recognizing the Association the right to represent financial consumers. The Company presented its defense, as well as other procedural defenses, still subject to assessment by the Argentine Court of Appeals. This criminal action is being processed before the Economic Criminal Court No. 2 of the City of Buenos Aires.

As for the other criminal action for alleged non-compliance with the obligation to publish a “press release” in the Argentine market about the existence of a class action filed by Consumidores Damnificados Asociación Civil para su Defensa before the Commercial Court, there are no developments in 2023.

19.4.3.

Lawsuit in United States regarding Sete Brasil Participações S.A (“Sete”)

The EIG Energy Fund XIV, L.P. and affiliates (“EIG”) filed a lawsuit against Petrobras, before the District Court of Columbia, United States, to recover alleged losses related to its investment in Sete Brasil Participações S.A. On August 8, 2022, the judge upheld EIG's claim as to Petrobras' responsibility for the alleged losses (which was recorded in 2022 as provisions for legal proceedings) but denied the motion for summary judgment with respect to damages, whereby the award of compensation will be subject to the proof of damages by EIG at a hearing and to the consideration of the defenses by the Company. In the same decision, the judge denied the request to dismiss the case based on Petrobras' immunity from jurisdiction, when an appeal was filed with the Federal Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, which is still pending judgement. Considering the filing of the appeal, Petrobras requested the suspension of the process, which was granted by the lower court judge on October 26, 2022.

On August 26, 2022, on another procedural front initiated by the EIG, the District Court of Amsterdam granted a precautionary measure to block certain Petrobras assets in the Netherlands. This granting was based on the decision of the District Court of Columbia, on August 8, 2022, and was intended to ensure the satisfaction of EIG's claims contained in the aforementioned US lawsuit. For the purpose of this injunction, the District Court of Amsterdam limited EIG's claims to a total of US$ 297, although the US Court ruled that any award of damages would depend on evidence of damages by EIG at a trial hearing. There are some discussions about the scope of the assets blocked by EIG, but there is no related lawsuit pending in the Netherlands. This precautionary block does not prevent Petrobras and its subsidiaries from complying with their obligations to third parties.

19.5.

Arbitrations proposed by non-controlling shareholders in Brazil

Petrobras is also currently a party to seven arbitrations proceedings before the Market Arbitration Chamber (Câmara de Arbitragem do Mercado - CAM), linked to the Brazilian Stock Exchange (B3), brought by investors who purchased Petrobras’ shares traded on B3. Six of these arbitrations were initiated by national and foreign investors. The other proceeding was brought by an association that is not a shareholder of the Company and intends to be a collective arbitration, through representation of all non-controlling shareholders of Petrobras that acquired shares on B3 between January 22, 2010 and July 28, 2015. Investors claim alleged financial losses caused by facts uncovered in the Lava Jato investigation.

These claims involve complex issues that are subject to substantial uncertainties and depend on a number of factors such as the novelty of the legal theories, the timing of the Chamber of Arbitration decisions, the information produced in discovery and analysis by retained experts.

Moreover, the claims asserted are broad and span a multi-year period. The uncertainties inherent in all such matters affect the amount and timing of their ultimate resolution. As a result, the Company is unable to make a reliable estimate of eventual loss arising from such arbitrations.

Depending on the outcome of these complaints, the Company may have to pay substantial amounts, which may have a significant effect on its consolidated financial position, financial performance and cash flows in a certain period. However, Petrobras does not recognize responsibility for the losses alleged by investors in these arbitrations.

Most of these arbitrations are still in the preliminary stages and a final decision is not expected in the near future.

However, in relation to one of the arbitrations, proposed by two institutional investors, on May 26, 2020, a partial arbitral award was issued indicating the Company's responsibility, but not determining the payment of amounts by Petrobras, nor ending the procedure. This arbitration, as well as the other arbitrations in progress, are confidential and the partial arbitral award - which does not represent a CAM position, but only of the three arbitrators that make up this arbitration panel - does not extend to the other ongoing arbitrations.

On July 20, 2020, Petrobras filed a lawsuit for the annulment of this partial arbitral award, as the Company understands that the award contains serious flaws and improprieties. On November 11, 2020, the 5th Business Court of Rio de Janeiro annulled the partial arbitration award, due to these serious flaws and improprieties pointed out by Petrobras. The appeals against this decision are still pending judgement. In compliance with CAM rules, the lawsuit is confidential and only available to those involved in the original arbitration proceeding. Petrobras will continue to defend itself in this and other arbitrations.

In 2023, there were no events that changed the assessment and information arbitrations proposed by non-controlling shareholders in Brazil.

19.6.

Tax recoveries under dispute - Compulsory Loan - Eletrobras

The Brazilian Federal Government, aiming to finance the expansion of the national electricity system, established the compulsory loan that lasted until 1993 in favor of Eletrobras, which was the operator of this system. The loan was charged to consumers' electricity bills.

In 2010, the Company filed a lawsuit to recognize its right to receive the differences in inflation indexation and interest on a compulsory loan from Eletrobrás, in relation to the third conversion of Eletrobrás shares, in the period from 1987 to 1993.

In December 2022, the court issued a final decision in favor of the Company in relation to the merits of the case. On December 18, 2023, once the judgment settlement procedure began, a legal agreement was signed between the parties to end the discussion upon payment, by Eletrobras, of US$ 239, received by the Company on December 26, 2023, ending the contingent asset.

19.7.

Lawsuits brought by natural gas distributors and others

In 2023, Petrobras entered into agreements with CEG, CEG Rio and SERGÁS, with the aim of putting an end to existing litigation and pacifying controversial issues regarding the price of natural gas supplied, based on current economic conditions in the natural gas market. Currently, Petrobras still has one arbitration against a gas distributor at the Northeast of Brazil, which is confidential.

In relation to the State of Minas Gerais, the matter remains in court, where there is no ongoing arbitration, since the gas price collection continues to be carried out in accordance with the current agreement signed between Petrobras and GASMIG.

Accounting policy for provisions for legal proceedings, contingent liabilities and contingent assets

Provisions are recognized when: (i) the Company has a present obligation as a result of a past event; (ii) it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and (iii) the amount of the obligation can be reliably estimated.

Contingent liabilities are not recognized but are disclosed in explanatory notes when the likelihood of outflows is possible, including those whose amounts cannot be estimated, considering the best information available to the date of the issuance of these financial statements.

The methodology used to estimate the provisions is described in note 4.5.

Contingent assets are not recognized, but are disclosed in explanatory notes when the inflow of economic benefits is considered probable and the amount is considered material. However, if the inflow of economic benefits is virtually certain, which, in general, considers the final and unappealable decision, and if the value can be reliably measured, the related asset is not a contingent asset anymore and it is recognized.