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Provisions for legal proceedings, judicial deposits and contingent liabilities | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2024
Notes and other explanatory information [abstract] |
Provisions for legal proceedings, judicial deposits and contingent liabilities |
| 14. | Provisions for legal proceedings, judicial deposits and contingent liabilities
| 14.1. | Provisions for legal proceedings
The Company recognizes provisions for legal, administrative and arbitral proceedings, based on the best estimate of the costs, for which it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required and that can be reliably estimated. These proceedings mainly include:
| · | Labor claims, in particular: (i) several individual and collective labor claims; (ii) opt-out claims related to a review of the methodology by which the minimum compensation based on an employee's position and work schedule (Remuneração Mínima por Nível e Regime - RMNR) is calculated; and (iii) actions of outsourced employees.
| · | Tax claims including: (i) tax notices for alleged non-compliance with ancillary obligations; (ii) claims relating to benefits previously taken for Brazilian federal tax credits applied that were subsequently alleged to be disallowable, including disallowance of PIS and COFINS tax credits; (iii) claims for alleged non-payment of CIDE on imports of propane and butane; and (iv) claims for alleged non-payment of social security contributions on allowances and bonuses.
| · | Civil claims, in particular: (i) lawsuits related to contracts; (ii) legal and administrative proceedings involving fines applied by the ANP - Brazilian Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis), mainly relating to production measurement systems; and (iii) collective and individual claims that discuss topics related to pension plans managed by Petros.
| · | Environmental claims, specially: (i) fines relating to an environmental accident in the State of Paraná in 2000; (ii) fines relating to the Company’s offshore operation; and (iii) public civil action for oil spill in 2004 in Serra do Mar-São Paulo State Park.
Provisions for legal proceedings are set out as follows:
Schedule of provisions for legal proceedings |  |
Non-current liabilities | 06.30.2024 | 12.31.2023
Labor claims | 731 | 806
Tax claims | 460 | 544
Civil claims | 1,628 | 1,614
Environmental claims | 306 | 341
Total | 3,125 | 3,305
Schedule of reconciliation of provisions for legal proceedings |  |
| Jan-Jun/2024 | Jan-Jun/2023
Opening Balance | 3,305 | 3,010
Additions, net of reversals | 257 | 335
Use of provision | (263) | (262)
Revaluation of existing proceedings and interest charges | 270 | 188
Others | 8 | (5)
Translation adjustment | (452) | 263
Closing Balance | 3,125 | 3,529
In preparing its unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the six-month period ended June 30, 2024, the Company considered all available information concerning legal proceedings in which the Company is a defendant, in order to estimate the amounts of obligations and probability that outflows of resources will be required.
| 14.2. | Judicial deposits
The Company makes deposits in judicial phases, mainly to suspend the chargeability of the tax debt and to maintain its tax compliance. Judicial deposits are set out in the table below according to the nature of the corresponding lawsuits:
Schedule of non-current assets |  |
Non-current assets | 06.30.2024 | 12.31.2023
Tax | 8,665 | 10,607
Labor | 859 | 979
Civil | 2,750 | 2,977
Environmental | 137 | 115
Others | 68 | 68
Total | 12,479 | 14,746
Schedule of reconciliation of judicial deposits with legal proceedings |  |
| Jan-Jun/2024 | Jan-Jun/2023
Opening Balance | 14,746 | 11,053
Additions | 670 | 783
Use (1) | (1,338) | (48)
Accruals and charges | 298 | 571
Others | 9 | (6)
Translation adjustment | (1,906) | 982
Closing Balance | 12,479 | 13,335
(1) | It includes, in the six-month period ended June 30, 2024, US$ 1,276 referring to the nominal values ​​of deposits used when enrolling to the tax settlement program on the incidence of CIDE, PIS and Cofins on remittances abroad under a vessel and platform charter agreement as detailed in note 12.
The Company maintains a Negotiated Legal Proceeding (NJP) agreement with the Brazilian National Treasury Attorney General's Office (PGFN), aiming to postpone judicial deposits related to federal tax lawsuits with values exceeding US$ 36 (R$ 200 million), which allows judicial discussion without the immediate disbursement. To achieve this, the Company makes production capacity available as a guarantee from the Tupi, Sapinhoá, and Roncador fields. As the judicial deposits are made, the mentioned capacity is released for other processes that may be included in the NJP. The Company’s management understands that the mentioned NJP provides greater cash predictability and ensures the maintenance of federal tax regularity. As of June 30, 2024, the balance of production capacity held in guarantee in the NJP is US$ 2,507 (US$ 7,997 as of December 31, 2023), whose reduction is due to the Company's enrollment to the tax settlement program in June 2024.
| 14.3. | Contingent liabilities
The estimates of contingent liabilities are indexed to inflation and updated by applicable interest rates. As of June 30, 2024, estimated contingent liabilities for which the possibility of loss is classified as possible are set out in the following table:
Schedule of estimated contingent liabilities for which the possibility of loss is classified as possible |  |
Nature | 06.30.2024 | 12.31.2023
Tax | 24,861 | 37,189
Labor | 8,156 | 10,150
Civil | 10,662 | 11,455
Environmental | 1,388 | 1,427
Total | 45,067 | 60,221
The main contingent liabilities are:
| · | Tax matters comprising: (i) income from foreign subsidiaries and associates not included in the computation of taxable income (IRPJ and CSLL); (ii) collection of customs taxes and fines related to imports under the Repetro regime in the Frade consortium; (iii) disapproval of PIS and COFINS tax compensation due to credit disallowance; (iv) withholding income tax (IRRF) on remittances for payments of vessel charters; (v) collection of IRPJ and CSLL on transfer price; (vi) collection of PIS and COFINS, resulting from the payment of taxes negotiated with the Brazilian Federal Government, excluding the payment of fines; (vii) collection of ICMS involving several states; and (viii) incidence of social security contributions on the payment of bonuses.
| · | Labor matters, comprising: (i) mainly actions requiring a review of the methodology by which the minimum compensation based on an employee's position and work schedule (Remuneração Mínima por Nível e Regime - RMNR) is calculated; and (ii) several labor claims.
| · | Civil matters comprising mainly: (i) lawsuits related to contracts; (ii) administrative and legal proceedings challenging an ANP order requiring Petrobras to pay additional special participation fees and royalties (production taxes) with respect to several fields, including unitization; (iii) regulation agencies fines, mainly ANP; (iv) collective and individual claims that discuss topics related to pension plans managed by Petros; and (v) judicial and arbitration proceedings that discuss disposal of assets carried out by Petrobras.
| · | Environmental matters comprising indemnities for damages and fines related to the Company operations.
| 14.3.1. | Minimum Compensation Based on Employee's Position and Work Schedule (Remuneração Mínima por Nível e Regime - RMNR)
There are lawsuits related to the Minimum Compensation Based on Employee's Position and Work Schedule (RMNR), with the objective of reviewing its calculation criteria. The RMNR consists of a minimum remuneration guaranteed to employees, based on salary level, work schedule and geographic location. This policy was created through collective bargaining with union entities and was approved at employee meetings, being finally put into practice by Petrobras in 2007, but started being the subject of lawsuits three years after its implementation. In 2018, the Brazilian Superior Labor Court (TST) ruled against the Company, which filed extraordinary appeals to the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court (STF), suspending the effects of the decision issued by the TST and determined the national suspension of the ongoing proceedings related to the RMNR. In July 2021, a monocratic decision was published in which the STF’s Judge-Rapporteur granted an extraordinary appeal filed, accepting the Company's thesis and recognizing the validity of the collective bargaining agreement freely signed between Petrobras and the unions, reversing the decision of the TST. In November 2023, the First Panel of the Supreme Federal Court decided in favor of the Company (with 3 votes against 1), confirming that there is an understanding of recognizing the merit of the collective bargaining agreement signed between the companies and the unions. In January 2024, the ruling was published by the STF. Against this ruling, the complainant and union entities filed an appeal for clarification, which were not recognized by unanimous decision of the first Panel of the Supreme Court, maintaining the decision in favor of Petrobras. This decision was published in March 2024, becoming final and unappealable. The Company monitors the application of the Supreme Federal Court decision in the lower courts. The Company has been adjusting the expectation of loss, according to the decisions in which the understanding of the STF applies, and monitors the evolution of the subject in the TST for possible future changes in the amounts ​​and expectations of this litigation. As of June 30, 2024, the balance of provisions for legal proceedings regarding RMNR amounts to US$ 114, while the contingent liabilities amount to US$ 6,552.
| 14.4. | Class action and related proceedings
| 14.4.1. | Class action in the Netherlands
On January 23, 2017, Stichting Petrobras Compensation Foundation ("Foundation") filed a class action in the Netherlands, at the District Court of Rotterdam, against Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. – Petrobras, Petrobras International Braspetro B.V. (PIB BV), Petrobras Global Finance B.V. (PGF), Petrobras Oil & Gas B.V. (PO&G) and some former Petrobras managers. The Foundation alleges that it represents the interests of an unidentified group of investors and asserts that, based on the facts revealed by the Lava-Jato Operation, the defendants acted illegally before the investors. On May 26, 2021, the District Court of Rotterdam decided that the class action should proceed and that the arbitration clause of Petrobras' bylaws does not prevent the Company's shareholders from having access to the Dutch Judiciary and have their interests represented by the “Foundation”. However, the interests of investors who have already started arbitration against Petrobras or who are parties to legal proceedings in which the applicability of the arbitration clause has been definitively recognized are excluded from the scope of the action. The collective action moved to the discussion phase of merit issues. On July 26, 2023, the Court issued an intermediary decision on the merits, ordering the production of evidence, in relation to which the parties should express their views until August 27, 2024 for the issuance of the decision on the merits, which is appealable. In addition, the Court expressed in advance some understanding, which must be included in the decision on the merits, among which: (i) the requests made against PIB BV, PO&G and certain former members of the Company’s management were rejected; (ii) the Court declared that Petrobras and the PGF acted illegally in relation to their investors, although the Court expressed it does not consider itself sufficiently informed about relevant aspects of Brazilian, Argentine and Luxembourger laws to definitively decide on the merits of the action; and iii) the alleged rights under Spanish legislation are prescribed. The Foundation cannot claim compensation under the class action, which will depend not only on a final result favorable to the interests of the investors in the class action, but also on the filing of subsequent actions by or on behalf of the investors by the Foundation itself, an opportunity in which Petrobras will be able to offer all the defenses already presented in the class action and others that it deems appropriate, including in relation to the occurrence and quantification of any damages that must be proven by the potential beneficiaries of the decision or by the Foundation. Any compensation for the alleged damages will only be determined by court decisions in subsequent actions mentioned above. This class action involves complex issues and the outcome is subject to substantial uncertainties, which depend on factors such as: the scope of the arbitration clause of the Petrobras Bylaws, the jurisdiction of the Dutch courts, the scope of the agreement that ended the Class Action in the United States, the Foundation's legitimacy to represent the interests of investors, the several laws applicable to the case, the information obtained from the production phase of evidence, the expert analyses, the timetable to be defined by the Court and the judicial decisions on key issues of the process, possible appeals, including before the Dutch Supreme Court, as well as the fact that the Foundation seeks only a declaratory decision in this class action. The Company, based on the assessments of its advisors, considers that there are not enough indicative elements to qualify the universe of potential beneficiaries of a possible final decision unfavorable to Petrobras' interests, nor to quantify the supposedly compensable damages. Thus, it is currently not possible to predict whether the Company will be liable for the effective payment of damages in any future individual claims, as this analysis will depend on the outcome of these complex procedures. In addition, it is not possible to know which investors will be able to bring subsequent individual actions related to this matter against Petrobras. Furthermore, the claims formulated are broad, cover a multi-year period and involve a wide variety of activities and, in the current scenario, the impacts of such claims are highly uncertain. The uncertainties inherent in all of these issues affect the value and duration of final resolution of this action. As a result, Petrobras is unable to estimate an eventual loss resulting from this action. However, Petrobras reiterates its condition as a victim of the corruption scheme revealed by the Lava-Jato operation and intends to present and prove this condition before the Dutch court. Petrobras and its subsidiaries deny the allegations made by the Foundation and will continue to defend themselves vigorously.
| 14.4.2. | Arbitration and other legal proceedings in Argentina
In relation to the arbitration in Argentina, the Argentine Supreme Court denied the appeal, but the Consumidores Damnificados Asociación Civil para su Defensa (formerly Consumidores Financieros Asociación Civil, "Association") filed a new appeal to the Argentine Supreme Court, which was also denied, thus the arbitration was sent to the Arbitration Court. This arbitration discusses Petrobras' liability for an alleged loss of market value of Petrobras' shares in Argentina, as a result of the Lava Jato Operation. The Company is unable to provide a reliable estimate of the potential loss in this arbitration. In parallel to such arbitration, the Association also initiated a collective action before the Civil and Commercial Court of Buenos Aires, in Argentina, with Petrobras appearing spontaneously on April 10, 2023, within the scope of which it alleges Petrobras' responsibility for an alleged loss of the market value of Petrobras' securities in Argentina, as a result of allegations made within the scope of Lava Jato Operation and their impact on the company's financial statements prior to 2015. Petrobras presented its defense on August 30, 2023. Petrobras denies the allegations presented by the Association and will defend itself against the accusations made by the author of the class action. The Company is unable to provide a reliable estimate of the potential loss in this arbitration. Regarding criminal proceeding in Argentina related to an alleged fraudulent offer of securities, aggravated by the fact that Petrobras allegedly declared false data in its financial statements prior to 2015, the Court of Appeals revoked, on October 21, 2021, the lower court decision that had recognized Petrobras' immunity from jurisdiction and recommended that the lower court judge take steps to certify whether the Company could be considered criminally immune in Argentina for further reassessment of the issue. After carrying out the steps determined by the Court of Appeals, on May 30, 2023, the lower court denied the recognition of immunity from jurisdiction to Petrobras. Petrobras filed an appeal against this decision, which was recognized by the Court of Appeals on April 18, 2024. However, the Association filed a new appeal. The Court of Appeals had already recognized that the Association could not act as a representative of financial consumers, due to the loss of its registration with the competent Argentine bodies, which was also the subject of an appeal upheld by the Court of Appeals on September 15, 2022, recognizing the Association the right to represent financial consumers. The Company presented its defense, as well as other procedural defenses, still subject to assessment by the Argentine Court of Appeals. This criminal action is being processed before the Economic Criminal Court No. 2 of the City of Buenos Aires. As for the other criminal action for alleged non-compliance with the obligation to publish a “press release” in the Argentine market about the existence of a class action filed by Consumidores Damnificados Asociación Civil para su Defensa before the Commercial Court, there are no developments in the six-month period ended June 30, 2024.
| 14.4.3. | Lawsuit in United States regarding Sete Brasil Participações S.A (“Sete”)
The EIG Energy Fund XIV, L.P. and affiliates (“EIG”) filed a lawsuit against Petrobras, before the District Court of Columbia, United States, to recover alleged losses related to its investment in Sete Brasil Participações S.A. On August 8, 2022, the judge upheld EIG's claim as to Petrobras' responsibility for the alleged losses (which was recorded in 2022 as provisions for legal proceedings) but denied the motion for summary judgment with respect to damages, whereby the award of compensation will be subject to the proof of damages by EIG at a hearing and to the consideration of the defenses by the Company. In the same decision, whose effects were recognized in the Company's financial statements in 2022, the judge denied the request to dismiss the case based on Petrobras' immunity from jurisdiction, when an appeal was filed with the Federal Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, which was denied in June 2024. Petrobras then submitted a request to review the issue, which was rejected on July 24, 2024. As a result, the process, which had been suspended by the lower court judge on October 26, 2022 due to the filing of the appeal by Petrobras, will resume its course. On August 26, 2022, on another procedural front initiated by the EIG, the District Court of Amsterdam granted a precautionary measure to block certain Petrobras assets in the Netherlands. This granting was based on the decision of the District Court of Columbia, on August 8, 2022, and was intended to ensure the satisfaction of EIG's claims contained in the aforementioned US lawsuit. For the purpose of this injunction, the District Court of Amsterdam limited EIG's claims to a total of US$ 297, although the US Court ruled that any award of damages would depend on evidence of damages by EIG at a trial hearing. There are some discussions about the scope of the assets blocked by EIG, but there is no related lawsuit pending in the Netherlands. This precautionary block does not prevent Petrobras and its subsidiaries from complying with their obligations to third parties.
| 14.4.4. | Arbitrations proposed by non-controlling shareholders in Brazil
In the six-month period ended June 30, 2024, there were no events that changed the assessment and information of arbitrations proposed by non-controlling shareholders in Brazil. For more information, see explanatory note 19.5 to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023.

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