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Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses LOANS AND RELATED ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Loan Portfolio

Our loan portfolio consists of two portfolio segments – Commercial and Consumer. Each of these segments comprises multiple loan classes. Classes are characterized by similarities in risk attributes and the manner in which we monitor and assess credit risk.
CommercialConsumer
• Commercial and industrial
• Residential real estate
• Commercial real estate
• Home equity
• Equipment lease financing
• Automobile
• Credit card
• Education
• Other consumer
See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information on our loan related policies.

Credit Quality
We closely monitor economic conditions and loan performance trends to manage and evaluate our exposure to credit risk within the loan portfolio based on our defined loan classes. In doing so, we use several credit quality indicators, including, but not limited to, trends in delinquency rates, nonperforming status, analyses of PD and LGD ratings, updated credit scores and originated and updated LTV ratios.
We manage credit risk based on the risk profile of the borrower, repayment sources, underlying collateral and other support given current events, economic conditions and expectations. We refine our practices to address operating environment changes such as inflation levels, industry specific risks (including tariffs), interest rate levels, the level of consumer savings and deposit balances, and structural and secular changes such as those that arose from the pandemic. We offer loan modifications and collection programs to assist our customers and mitigate losses.
Table 42 presents the composition and delinquency status of our loan portfolio at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Loan delinquencies include government insured or guaranteed loans and loans accounted for under the fair value option.

Table 42: Analysis of Loan Portfolio (a) (b)
 Accruing    
Dollars in millionsCurrent or Less
Than 30 Days
Past Due		30-59
Days
Past Due		60-89
Days
Past Due		90 Days
or More
Past Due		Total
Past
Due (c) 		 Nonperforming
Loans		Fair Value
Option
Nonaccrual
Loans (d)		Total Loans
(e)(f)
September 30, 2025  
Commercial  
Commercial and industrial$189,335 $147 $60 $71 $278   $583 $— $190,196 
Commercial real estate29,608 9 — 1 10   663 — 30,281 
Equipment lease financing6,841 14 7 — 21   36 — 6,898 
Total commercial225,784 170 67 72 309   1,282 — 227,375 
Consumer 
Residential real estate43,601 245 87 164 496 (c)326 214 44,637 
Home equity25,372 73 27 — 100 431 39 25,942 
Automobile
16,099 70 17 4 91   82 — 16,272 
Credit card6,484 45 31 63 139   13 — 6,636 
Education
1,446 24 15 36 75 (c)— — 1,521 
Other consumer
4,207 8 7 8 23 3 — 4,233 
Total consumer97,209 465 184 275 924   855 253 99,241 
Total$322,993 $635 $251 $347 $1,233   $2,137 $253 $326,616 
Percentage of total loans98.89 %0.19 %0.08 %0.11 %0.38 %0.65 %0.08 %100.00 %
December 31, 2024
Commercial
Commercial and industrial$174,988 $159 $43 $72 $274 $528 $— $175,790 
Commercial real estate32,657 25 18 — 43 919 — 33,619 
Equipment lease financing6,687 41 12 — 53 15 — 6,755 
Total commercial214,332 225 73 72 370 1,462 — 216,164 
Consumer
Residential real estate45,134 234 106 188 528 (c)278 475 46,415 
Home equity25,351 71 26 — 97 482 61 25,991 
Automobile
15,155 83 22 9 114 86 — 15,355 
Credit card6,696 49 38 81 168 15 — 6,879 
Education
1,557 25 15 39 79 (c)— — 1,636 
Other consumer
3,998 10 8 8 26 3 — 4,027 
Total consumer97,891 472 215 325 1,012 864 536 100,303 
Total$312,223 $697 $288 $397 $1,382 $2,326 $536 $316,467 
Percentage of total loans98.66 %0.22 %0.09 %0.13 %0.44 %0.73 %0.17 %100.00 %
(a)Amounts in table represent loans held for investment and do not include any associated ALLL.
(b)The accrued interest associated with our loan portfolio totaled $1.4 billion and $1.3 billion at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. These amounts are included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(c)Past due loan amounts include government insured or guaranteed residential real estate loans and education loans totaling $0.2 billion and $0.1 billion at September 30, 2025, respectively. Comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $0.3 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively.
(d)Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option for which we do not expect to collect substantially all principal and interest are subject to nonaccrual accounting and classification upon meeting any of our nonaccrual policy criteria. Given that these loans are not accounted for at amortized cost, they have been excluded from the nonperforming loan population.
(e)Includes unearned income, unamortized deferred fees and costs on originated loans and premiums or discounts on purchased loans totaling $1.0 billion at both September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
(f)Collateral dependent loans totaled $1.5 billion and $1.6 billion at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
At September 30, 2025, we pledged unpaid principal balances in the amounts of $46.1 billion of commercial and other loans to the FRB and $80.0 billion of residential real estate and other loans to the FHLB as collateral for the ability to borrow, if necessary. The comparable amounts at December 31, 2024 were $43.4 billion and $89.0 billion, respectively.
Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets include nonperforming loans and leases, OREO, foreclosed and other assets. Nonperforming loans are those loans accounted for at amortized cost whose credit quality has deteriorated to the extent that full collection of contractual principal and interest is not probable. Interest income is generally not recognized on these loans. Loans accounted for under the fair value option are reported as performing loans; however, when nonaccrual criteria is met, interest income is not recognized on these loans. Additionally,
certain government insured or guaranteed loans for which we expect to collect substantially all principal and interest are not reported as nonperforming loans and continue to accrue interest. See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information on our nonperforming loan and lease policies.
The following table presents our nonperforming assets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
Table 43: Nonperforming Assets
Dollars in millionsSeptember 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Nonperforming loans
Commercial$1,282 $1,462 
Consumer (a)855 864 
Total nonperforming loans (b)2,137 2,326 
OREO, foreclosed and other assets (c)162 31 
Total nonperforming assets$2,299 $2,357 
Nonperforming loans to total loans0.65 %0.73 %
Nonperforming assets to total loans, OREO, foreclosed and other assets (c)0.70 %0.74 %
Nonperforming assets to total assets0.40 %0.42 %
(a)Excludes most unsecured consumer loans and lines of credit, which are charged off after 120 to 180 days past due and are not placed on nonperforming status.
(b)Nonperforming loans for which there is no related ALLL totaled $0.6 billion at both September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. This primarily includes loans with a fair value of collateral that exceeds the amortized cost basis.
(c)Amounts at September 30, 2025 include $127 million of nonaccrual servicing advances to single asset/single borrower trusts with commercial real estate as collateral.

Additional Credit Quality Indicators by Loan Class

Commercial Loan Classes
See Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information related to these loan classes, including discussion around the credit quality indicators that we use to monitor and manage the credit risk associated with each loan class.
The following table presents credit quality indicators for our commercial loan classes:
Table 44: Commercial Credit Quality Indicators (a)
 Term Loans by Origination Year  
September 30, 2025
In millions
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Commercial and industrial
Pass Rated$23,619 $16,615 $10,408 $14,371 $4,306 $12,809 $98,833 $243 $181,204 
Criticized454 841 597 1,246 435 475 4,871 73 8,992 
Total commercial and industrial loans24,073 17,456 11,005 15,617 4,741 13,284 103,704 316 190,196 
Gross charge-offs (b)37 (c)37 66 15 4 6 117 2 284 
Commercial real estate
Pass Rated1,787 2,615 3,892 5,531 1,475 8,694 473 — 24,467 
Criticized172 355 1,273 1,703 360 1,947 4 — 5,814 
Total commercial real estate loans1,959 2,970 5,165 7,234 1,835 10,641 477 — 30,281 
Gross charge-offs (b)5 — 1 — 7 86 — 2 101 
Equipment lease financing
Pass Rated1,379 1,541 1,065 890 347 1,424 — — 6,646 
Criticized29 54 55 65 18 31 — — 252 
Total equipment lease financing loans1,408 1,595 1,120 955 365 1,455 — — 6,898 
Gross charge-offs (b)— 3 5 6 3 8 — — 25 
Total commercial loans$27,440 $22,021 $17,290 $23,806 $6,941 $25,380 $104,181 $316 $227,375 
Total commercial gross charge-offs$42 $40 $72 $21 $14 $100 $117 $4 $410 
 Term Loans by Origination Year  
December 31, 2024
In millions
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Commercial and industrial
Pass Rated$22,145 $13,815 $17,043 $5,275 $4,594 $11,270 $91,389 $522 $166,053 
Criticized761 878 1,856 601 144 580 4,868 49 9,737 
Total commercial and industrial loans22,906 14,693 18,899 5,876 4,738 11,850 96,257 571 175,790 
Gross charge-offs (b)22 (c)32 51 25 5 7 133 53 328 
Commercial real estate
Pass Rated2,331 5,575 6,875 2,232 1,220 9,685 423 — 28,341 
Criticized141 335 1,974 485 465 1,853 25 — 5,278 
Total commercial real estate loans2,472 5,910 8,849 2,717 1,685 11,538 448 — 33,619 
Gross charge-offs (b)28 5 — 2 1 322 — — 358 
Equipment lease financing
Pass Rated1,814 1,264 1,112 478 478 1,305 — — 6,451 
Criticized51 79 88 35 21 30 — — 304 
Total equipment lease financing loans1,865 1,343 1,200 513 499 1,335 — — 6,755 
Gross charge-offs (b)1 6 12 5 4 6 — — 34 
Total commercial loans$27,243 $21,946 $28,948 $9,106 $6,922 $24,723 $96,705 $571 $216,164 
Total commercial gross charge-offs$51 $43 $63 $32 $10 $335 $133 $53 $720 
(a)Loans in our commercial portfolio are classified as Pass Rated or Criticized based on the regulatory definitions, which are driven by the PD and LGD ratings that we assign. The Criticized classification includes loans that were rated special mention, substandard or doubtful as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
(b)Gross charge-offs are presented on a year-to-date basis, as of the period end date.
(c)Includes charge-offs of deposit overdrafts.

Consumer Loan Classes
See Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information related to these loan classes, including discussion around the credit quality indicators that we use to monitor and manage the credit risk associated with each loan class.
Residential Real Estate and Home Equity
The following table presents credit quality indicators for our residential real estate and home equity loan classes:
Table 45: Credit Quality Indicators for Residential Real Estate and Home Equity Loan Classes
Term Loans by Origination Year
September 30, 2025
In millions
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Residential real estate
Current estimated LTV ratios
Greater than 100%$5 $29 $74 $65 $51 $57 $— $— $281 
Greater than or equal to 80% to 100%478 370 386 705 428 227 — — 2,594 
Less than 80%1,163 1,712 3,581 8,191 13,449 13,049 — — 41,145 
No LTV available— — — — 9 3 — — 12 
Government insured or guaranteed loans— 5 20 24 17 539 — — 605 
Total residential real estate loans$1,646 $2,116 $4,061 $8,985 $13,954 $13,875 $— $— $44,637 
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$987 $1,578 $2,899 $7,257 $11,179 $8,831 $— $— $32,731 
720 to 779577 422 675 1,205 1,934 2,301 — — 7,114 
660 to 71965 100 223 389 581 1,049 — — 2,407 
Less than 66017 11 115 103 163 767 — — 1,176 
No FICO score available— — 129 7 80 388 — — 604 
Government insured or guaranteed loans— 5 20 24 17 539 — — 605 
Total residential real estate loans$1,646 $2,116 $4,061 $8,985 $13,954 $13,875 $— $— $44,637 
Gross charge-offs (a)$— $1 $1 $3 $2 $1 $— $— $8 
Home equity (b)
Current estimated LTV ratios
Greater than 100%$— $— $— $— $1 $21 $390 $379 $791 
Greater than or equal to 80% to 100%— — — — 5 48 1,233 1,520 2,806 
Less than 80%— — — — 129 3,943 7,434 10,839 22,345 
Total home equity loans$— $— $— $— $135 $4,012 $9,057 $12,738 $25,942 
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$— $— $— $— $88 $2,572 $5,198 $6,043 $13,901 
720 to 779— — — — 30 780 2,445 3,116 6,371 
660 to 719— — — — 12 381 1,209 2,085 3,687 
Less than 660— — — — 5 271 204 1,462 1,942 
No FICO score available— — — — — 8 1 32 41 
Total home equity loans$— $— $— $— $135 $4,012 $9,057 $12,738 $25,942 
Gross charge-offs (a)$— $— $— $— $— $— $10 $18 $28 
(Continued from previous page)Term Loans by Origination Year
December 31, 2024
In millions
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Residential real estate
Current estimated LTV ratios
Greater than 100% $10 $55 $85 $52 $23 $32 $— $— $257 
Greater than or equal to 80% to 100% 591 485 954 601 171 111 — — 2,913 
Less than 80%2,043 4,039 8,450 13,958 6,084 8,039 — — 42,613 
No LTV available— — — 9 — 3 — — 12 
Government insured or guaranteed loans1 16 23 17 66 497 — — 620 
Total residential real estate loans$2,645 $4,595 $9,512 $14,637 $6,344 $8,682 $— $— $46,415 
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$1,730 $3,264 $7,584 $11,723 $4,683 $4,858 $— $— $33,842 
720 to 779789 805 1,406 2,035 1,004 1,567 — — 7,606 
660 to 719115 270 401 620 324 784 — — 2,514 
Less than 6609 108 90 156 116 696 — — 1,175 
No FICO score available1 132 8 86 151 280 — — 658 
Government insured or guaranteed loans1 16 23 17 66 497 — — 620 
Total residential real estate loans$2,645 $4,595 $9,512 $14,637 $6,344 $8,682 $— $— $46,415 
Gross charge-offs (a)$— $— $— $1 $— $2 $— $— $3 
Home equity (b)
Current estimated LTV ratios
Greater than 100%$— $— $— $1 $12 $17 $368 $372 $770 
Greater than or equal to 80% to 100%— — — 5 31 30 1,098 1,619 2,783 
Less than 80%— — — 141 1,670 2,807 6,907 10,913 22,438 
Total home equity loans$— $— $— $147 $1,713 $2,854 $8,373 $12,904 $25,991 
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$— $— $— $94 $1,145 $1,753 $4,720 $6,211 $13,923 
720 to 779— — — 34 352 572 2,251 3,274 6,483 
660 to 719— — — 14 151 289 1,193 2,085 3,732 
Less than 660— — — 5 63 234 202 1,290 1,794 
No FICO score available— — — — 2 6 7 44 59 
Total home equity loans$— $— $— $147 $1,713 $2,854 $8,373 $12,904 $25,991 
Gross charge-offs (a)$— $— $— $— $— $1 $16 $19 $36 
(a)Gross charge-offs are presented on a year-to-date basis, as of the period end date.
(b)Beginning January 1, 2022, new originations consist of only revolving home equity lines of credit.
Automobile, Credit Card, Education and Other Consumer
The following table presents credit quality indicators for our automobile, credit card, education and other consumer loan classes:

Table 46: Credit Quality Indicators for Automobile, Credit Card, Education and Other Consumer Loan Classes
Term Loans by Origination Year
September 30, 2025
In millions
20252024202320222021PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Automobile
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$3,417 $2,211 $1,177 $715 $491 $129 $— $— $8,140 
720 to 7791,826 1,429 710 388 222 78 — — 4,653 
660 to 719655 757 446 234 129 58 — — 2,279 
Less than 660153 351 310 185 119 82 — — 1,200 
Total automobile loans$6,051 $4,748 $2,643 $1,522 $961 $347 $— $— $16,272 
Gross charge-offs (a)$3 $28 $30 $16 $9 $11 $— $— $97 
Credit card
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$— $— $— $— $— $— $2,013 $2 $2,015 
720 to 779— — — — — — 1,789 5 1,794 
660 to 719— — — — — — 1,752 16 1,768 
Less than 660— — — — — — 902 55 957 
No FICO score available or required (b)— — — — — — 100 2 102 
Total credit card loans$— $— $— $— $— $— $6,556 $80 $6,636 
Gross charge-offs (a)$— $— $— $— $— $— $216 $31 $247 
Education
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$13 $43 $50 $71 $34 $296 $— $— $507 
720 to 77917 27 30 32 15 105 — — 226 
660 to 7198 10 12 12 6 43 — — 91 
Less than 6602 2 4 3 1 19 — — 31 
No FICO score available or required (b)12 6 4 3 1 — — — 26 
Total loans using FICO credit metric52 88 100 121 57 463 — — 881 
Other internal credit metrics — — — — — 640 — — 640 
Total education loans$52 $88 $100 $121 $57 $1,103 $— $— $1,521 
Gross charge-offs (a)$— $— $1 $1 $1 $9 $— $— $12 
Other consumer
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$212 $156 $73 $32 $9 $4 $34 $— $520 
720 to 779244 181 77 35 8 4 65 1 615 
660 to 719185 133 61 36 9 5 71 — 500 
Less than 66030 41 26 20 7 3 38 1 166 
Total loans using FICO credit metric671 511 237 123 33 16 208 2 1,801 
Other internal credit metrics7 5 19 45 10 90 2,249 7 2,432 
Total other consumer loans$678 $516 $256 $168 $43 $106 $2,457 $9 $4,233 
Gross charge-offs (a)$60 (c)$19 $16 $10 $3 $3 $7 $— $118 
(Continued from previous page)Term Loans by Origination Year
December 31, 2024
In millions
20242023202220212020PriorRevolving LoansRevolving Loans Converted to TermTotal
Automobile
Updated FICO Scores
Greater than or equal to 780$3,288 $1,717 $1,094 $865 $241 $125 $— $— $7,330 
720 to 7792,047 1,123 636 415 129 90 — — 4,440 
660 to 719963 671 367 227 82 74 — — 2,384 
Less than 660246 351 231 174 87 112 — — 1,201 
Total automobile loans$6,544 $3,862 $2,328 $1,681 $539 $401 $— $— $15,355 
Gross charge-offs (a)$9 $44 $27 $17 $12 $22 $— $— $131 
Credit card
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$— $— $— $— $— $— $2,090 $2 $2,092 
720 to 779— — — — — — 1,859 5 1,864 
660 to 719— — — — — — 1,815 16 1,831 
Less than 660— — — — — — 936 57 993 
No FICO score available or required (b)— — — — — — 97 2 99 
Total credit card loans$— $— $— $— $— $— $6,797 $82 $6,879 
Gross charge-offs (a)$— $— $— $— $— $— $316 $39 $355 
Education
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$22 $58 $79 $39 $33 $318 $— $— $549 
720 to 77920 36 38 20 14 116 — — 244 
660 to 71913 14 15 6 5 46 — — 99 
Less than 6603 3 3 1 1 19 — — 30 
No FICO score available or required (b)12 5 4 1 — 1 — — 23 
Total loans using FICO credit metric70 116 139 67 53 500 — — 945 
Other internal credit metrics — — — — — 691 — — 691 
Total education loans$70 $116 $139 $67 $53 $1,191 $— $— $1,636 
Gross charge-offs (a)$— $— $1 $1 $1 $16 $— $— $19 
Other consumer
Updated FICO scores
Greater than or equal to 780$245 $129 $64 $20 $5 $6 $37 $1 $507 
720 to 779292 141 70 21 6 6 72 1 609 
660 to 719203 97 72 22 8 6 79 1 488 
Less than 66020 33 34 15 6 5 40 1 154 
Total loans using FICO credit metric760 400 240 78 25 23 228 4 1,758 
Other internal credit metrics 6 9 77 12 11 90 2,056 8 2,269 
Total other consumer loans$766 $409 $317 $90 $36 $113 $2,284 $12 $4,027 
Gross charge-offs (a)$76 (c)$27 $26 $13 $8 $9 $11 $1 $171 
(a)Gross charge-offs are presented on a year-to-date basis, as of the period end date.
(b)Loans where FICO scores are not available or required generally refers to new accounts issued to borrowers with limited credit history, accounts for which we cannot obtain an updated FICO score (e.g., recent profile changes), cards issued with a business name and/or cards secured by collateral. Management proactively assesses the risk and size of this loan category and, when necessary, takes actions to mitigate the credit risk.
(c)Includes charge-offs of deposit overdrafts.
Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

FDMs result from our loss mitigation activities and include principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, term extensions, payment delays, repayment plans or combinations thereof. See Note 1 Accounting Policies in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information on FDMs.
The following table presents the amortized cost basis, as of the period end date, of FDMs granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Table 47: Loan Modifications Granted to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty (a) (b)
Three months ended September 30, 2025
Dollars in millions
Interest Rate ReductionTerm ExtensionPayment Delay Repayment Plan Payment Delay and Term ExtensionInterest Rate Reduction and Term ExtensionInterest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayInterest Rate Reduction, Payment Delay, and Term ExtensionOther (c)Total% of Loan Class
Commercial
Commercial and industrial$— $452 $47 $— $26 $23 $— $— $105 $653 0.34 %
Commercial real estate— 214 29 — — 27 — — — 270 0.89 %
Total commercial— 666 76 — 26 50 — — 105 923 0.41 %
Consumer
Residential real estate— — 71 — — 1 — — 6 78 0.17 %
Home equity— — 2 1 — — — — 11 14 0.05 %
Credit card— — — 17 — — — — — 17 0.26 %
Education — 1 — — — — — — — 1 0.07 %
Total consumer— 1 73 18 — 1 — — 17 110 0.11 %
Total$— $667 $149 $18 $26 $51 $— $— $122 $1,033 0.32 %
Three months ended September 30, 2024
Dollars in millions
Commercial
Commercial and industrial$— $372 $19 $— $6 $11 $— $— $2 $410 0.23 %
Commercial real estate— 253 87 — — — — — 14 354 1.01 %
Total commercial— 625 106 — 6 11 — — 16 764 0.35 %
Consumer
Residential real estate— — 28 — — 1 — — 4 33 0.07 %
Home equity— — 3 1 — — — — 6 10 0.04 %
Credit card— — — 21 — — — — — 21 0.31 %
Education — 1 — — — — — — — 1 0.06 %
Total consumer— 1 31 22 — 1 — — 10 65 0.06 %
Total$— $626 $137 $22 $6 $12 $— $— $26 $829 0.26 %
(Continued from previous page)




Nine months ended September 30, 2025
Dollars in millions
Interest Rate ReductionTerm ExtensionPayment Delay Repayment Plan Payment Delay and Term ExtensionInterest Rate Reduction and Term ExtensionInterest Rate Reduction and Payment DelayInterest Rate Reduction, Payment Delay, and Term ExtensionOther (c)Total% of Loan Class
Commercial
Commercial and industrial$— $1,009 $63 $— $45 $25 $— $12 $142 $1,296 0.68 %
Commercial real estate— 604 29 — — 27 — — 14 674 2.23 %
Total commercial— 1,613 92 — 45 52 — 12 156 1,970 0.87 %
Consumer
Residential real estate— 1 130 — — 4 — — 6 141 0.32 %
Home equity— — 5 5 — — — — 19 29 0.11 %
Credit card— — — 44 — — — — — 44 0.66 %
Education — 4 — — — — — — — 4 0.26 %
Other consumer— 1 — 1 1 — — — — 3 0.07 %
Total consumer— 6 135 50 1 4 — — 25 221 0.22 %
Total$— $1,619 $227 $50 $46 $56 $— $12 $181 $2,191 0.67 %
Nine months ended September 30, 2024
Dollars in millions
Commercial
Commercial and industrial$27 $927 $34 $— $157 $104 $15 $— $85 $1,349 0.75 %
Commercial real estate— 926 101 — 147 — — — — 1174 3.34 %
Total commercial27 1,853 135 — 304 104 15 — 85 2,523 1.14 %
Consumer
Residential real estate— 1 67 — — 3 — — 8 79 0.17 %
Home equity— — 10 5 — — — — 12 27 0.10 %
Credit card— — — 52 — — — — — 52 0.76 %
Education — 4 — — — — — — — 4 0.24 %
Other consumer— — — 1 — — — — — 1 0.02 %
Total consumer— 5 77 58 — 3 — — 20 163 0.16 %
Total$27 $1,858 $212 $58 $304 $107 $15 $— $105 $2,686 0.84 %
(a)The unfunded lending related commitments on FDMs granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were $0.7 billion and $0.5 billion, respectively.
(b)Excludes the amortized cost basis of modified loans that were paid off, charged off or otherwise liquidated as of the period end date.
(c)Represents all other modifications and includes trial modifications and loans where we have received notification that a borrower has filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy relief, but specific instructions as to the terms of the relief have not been formally ruled upon by the court.
Table 48 presents the weighted average financial effect of FDMs granted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Table 48: Financial Effect of FDMs (a)
Three months ended September 30, 2025
Dollars in millions
Amortized cost basis (b)Weighted Average Financial Effect
Term Extension
Commercial and industrial$501
Extended contractual term by 25 months.
Commercial real estate$241
Extended contractual term by 6 months.
Residential real estate$1
Extended contractual term by 162 months.
Education$1
Extended contractual term by 11 months.
Interest Rate Reduction
Commercial and industrial$23
Reduced contractual interest rate by 3.41%.
Commercial real estate$27
Reduced contractual interest rate by 1.04%.
Residential real estate$1
Reduced contractual interest rate by 1.73%.
Payment Delay
Commercial and industrial$73
Provided 2 months of payment deferral.
Commercial real estate$29
Provided 6 months of payment deferral.
Residential real estate$71
Provided 9 months of payment deferral.
Home equity$2
Provided 5 months of payment deferral.
Three months ended September 30, 2024
Dollars in millions
Amortized cost basis (b)Weighted Average Financial Effect
Term Extension
Commercial and industrial$389
Extended contractual term by 11 months.
Commercial real estate$253
Extended contractual term by 17 months.
Residential real estate$1
Extended contractual term by 28 months.
Education$1
Extended contractual term by 12 months.
Interest Rate Reduction
Commercial and industrial$11
Reduced contractual interest rate by 1.52%.
Residential real estate$1
Reduced contractual interest rate by 1.48%.
Payment Delay
Commercial and industrial$25
Provided 3 months of payment deferral.
Commercial real estate$87
Provided 8 months of payment deferral.
Residential real estate$28
Provided 10 months of payment deferral.
Home equity$3
Provided 5 months of payment deferral.
(Continued from previous page)

Nine months ended September 30, 2025
Dollars in millions
Amortized cost basis (b)Weighted Average Financial Effect
Term Extension
Commercial and industrial$1,091
Extended contractual term by 23 months.
Commercial real estate$631
Extended contractual term by 14 months.
Residential real estate$5
Extended contractual term by 172 months.
Education$4
Extended contractual term by 16 months.
Other consumer$2
Extended contractual term by 32 months.
Interest Rate Reduction
Commercial and industrial$37
Reduced contractual interest rate by 2.57%.
Commercial real estate$27
Reduced contractual interest rate by 1.04%.
Residential real estate$4
Reduced contractual interest rate by 1.25%.
Payment Delay
Commercial and industrial$120
Provided 6 months of payment deferral.
Commercial real estate$29
Provided 6 months of payment deferral.
Residential real estate$130
Provided 9 months of payment deferral.
Home equity$5
Provided 5 months of payment deferral.
Other consumer$1
Provided 24 months of payment deferral.
Nine months ended September 30, 2024
Dollars in millions
Amortized cost basis (b)Weighted Average Financial Effect
Term Extension
Commercial and industrial$1,188
Extended contractual term by 14 months.
Commercial real estate$1,073
Extended contractual term by 15 months.
Residential real estate$4
Extended contractual term by 81 months.
Education$4
Extended contractual term by 12 months.
Interest Rate Reduction
Commercial and industrial$146
Reduced contractual interest rate by 1.45%.
Residential real estate$3
Reduced contractual interest rate by 0.83%.
Payment Delay
Commercial and industrial$206
Provided 8 months of payment deferral.
Commercial real estate$248
Provided 7 months of payment deferral.
Residential real estate$67
Provided 9 months of payment deferral.
Home equity$10
Provided 4 months of payment deferral.
(a)Excludes the financial effects of modifications for loans that were paid off, charged off or otherwise liquidated as of the period end date.
(b)The amortized cost basis presented in Table 48 includes combination modification categories in addition to the standalone modification categories presented in Table 47. Primarily due to this reason, the amortized cost basis presented in Table 48 may not agree to the amortized cost basis presented alongside the standalone modification categories in Table 47. Amortized cost basis is as of the period end date.

Repayment plans are offered for our credit card, unsecured lines of credit and certain of our home equity loan and line of credit product offerings. We have excluded these plans from Table 48. Refer to Note 3 Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses in our 2024 Form 10-K for information around the modification terms of repayment plans.
After we modify a loan, we continue to track its performance under its most recent modified terms. The following table presents the performance, as of the period end date, of FDMs granted during the twelve months preceding September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Table 49: Delinquency Status of FDMs (a) (b)
Twelve months ended September 30, 2025
Dollars in millions
Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90 Days
or More
Past Due		Nonperforming
Loans 		Total
Commercial
Commercial and industrial$1,261 $3 $1 $— $116 $1,381 
Commercial real estate662 1 — — 223 886 
Equipment lease financing1 — — — — 1 
Total commercial1,924 4 1 — 339 2,268 
Consumer
Residential real estate4 — — — 146 150 
Home equity4 — — — 31 35 
Credit card38 4 3 6 1 52 
Education 4 — — — — 4 
Other consumer2 — — — 2 4 
Total consumer52 4 3 6 180 245 
Total$1,976 $8 $4 $6 $519 $2,513 
Twelve months ended September 30, 2024
Dollars in millions
Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due30-59 Days Past Due60-89 Days Past Due90 Days
or More
Past Due		Nonperforming
Loans 		Total
Commercial
Commercial and industrial$1,213 $18 $1 $— $248 $1,480 
Commercial real estate874 — — — 462 1,336 
Total commercial2,087 18 1 — 710 2,816 
Consumer
Residential real estate8 1 — — 83 92 
Home equity5 — — — 27 32 
Credit card43 5 4 7 1 60 
Education4 — — — — 4 
Other consumer— — — — 2 2 
Total consumer60 6 4 7 113 190 
Total$2,147 $24 $5 $7 $823 $3,006 
(a)Represents amortized cost basis.
(b)Loans in our Payment Delay category are reported as past due in accordance with their contractual terms. Once contractually modified, these loans are reported as past due in accordance with their restructured terms.
We generally consider FDMs to have subsequently defaulted when they become 60 days past due after the most recent date the loan was modified. Loans that were both (i) classified as FDMs, and (ii) subsequently defaulted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 were $26 million and $179 million, respectively. Comparable amounts at September 30, 2024 were $96 million and $246 million, respectively.
Table 50: Rollforward of Allowance for Credit Losses
Three months ended September 30Nine months ended September 30
2025202420252024
In millionsCommercialConsumerTotalCommercialConsumerTotalCommercialConsumerTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
Allowance for loan and lease losses
Beginning balance$3,230 $1,293 $4,523 $3,243 $1,393 $4,636 $3,148 $1,338 $4,486 $3,259 $1,532 $4,791 
Charge-offs(116)(168)(284)(200)(176)(376)(410)(510)(920)(546)(535)(1,081)
Recoveries44 61 105 28 62 90 152 186 338 103 187 290 
Net (charge-offs)(72)(107)(179)(172)(114)(286)(258)(324)(582)(443)(348)(791)
Provision for credit losses 23 113 136 151 84 235 282 285 567 408 178 586 
Other(3)1 (2)4 — 4 6 1 7 2 1 3 
Ending balance$3,178 $1,300 $4,478 $3,226 $1,363 $4,589 $3,178 $1,300 $4,478 $3,226 $1,363 $4,589 
Allowance for unfunded lending related commitments (a)
Beginning balance$616 $143 $759 $581 $136 $717 $580 $139 $719 $545 $118 $663 
Provision for (recapture of) credit
   losses		18 (2)16 (2)9 7 52 2 54 34 27 61 
Other(1)1 — 1 — 1 1 1 2 1 — 1 
Ending balance$633 $142 $775 $580 $145 $725 $633 $142 $775 $580 $145 $725 
Allowance for credit losses at September 30 (b)
$3,811 $1,442 $5,253 $3,806 $1,508 $5,314 $3,811 $1,442 $5,253 $3,806 $1,508 $5,314 
(a)See Note 8 Commitments for additional information about the underlying commitments related to this allowance.
(b)Represents the ALLL plus allowance for unfunded lending related commitments and excludes allowances for investment securities and other financial assets, which together totaled $101 million and $111 million at September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
The ACL related to loans totaled $5.3 billion at September 30, 2025 and $5.2 billion at December 31, 2024. The increase in reserves was driven primarily by changes in macroeconomic scenarios.