10-K 1 d257313d10k.htm FORM 10-K

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

[ x ] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2011

OR

[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 1-3610

ALCOA INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Pennsylvania |  | 25-0317820
(State of incorporation) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

390 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022-4608

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone numbers:

Investor Relations------------— (212) 836-2674

Office of the Secretary-------—(212) 836-2732

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $1.00 |  | New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ü No .

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes No ü.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ü No .

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months. Yes ü No .

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer [ü] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer [ ] Smaller reporting company [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No ü.

The aggregate market value of the outstanding common stock, other than shares held by persons who may be deemed affiliates of the registrant, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was approximately $17 billion. As of February 10, 2012, there were 1,066,107,670 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of the registrant outstanding.

Documents incorporated by reference.

Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates by reference certain information from the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2012 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A (Proxy Statement).

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  |  |  | Page(s) |
Part I |  |  |  |  |  |
Item 1. |  | Business |  |  | 3 |
Item 1A. |  | Risk Factors |  |  | 23 |
Item 1B. |  | Unresolved Staff Comments |  |  | 30 |
Item 2. |  | Properties |  |  | 30 |
Item 3. |  | Legal Proceedings |  |  | 31 |
Item 4. |  | Mine Safety Disclosures |  |  | 41 |
Part II |  |  |  |  |  |
Item 5. |  | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |  |  | 42 |
Item 6. |  | Selected Financial Data |  |  | 45 |
Item 7. |  | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |  |  | 45 |
Item 7A. |  | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |  |  | 73 |
Item 8. |  | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |  |  | 74 |
Item 9. |  | Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |  |  | 154 |
Item 9A. |  | Controls and Procedures |  |  | 154 |
Item 9B. |  | Other Information |  |  | 154 |
Part III |  |  |  |  |  |
Item 10. |  | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance |  |  | 155 |
Item 11. |  | Executive Compensation |  |  | 155 |
Item 12. |  | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters |  |  | 155 |
Item 13. |  | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence |  |  | 156 |
Item 14. |  | Principal Accounting Fees and Services |  |  | 156 |
Part IV |  |  |  |  |  |
Item 15. |  | Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules |  |  | 157 |
Signatures |  |  | 167 |

Note on Incorporation by Reference

In this Form 10-K, selected items of information and data are incorporated by reference to portions of the Proxy Statement. Unless otherwise provided herein, any reference in this report to disclosures in the Proxy Statement shall constitute incorporation by reference of only that specific disclosure into this Form 10-K.

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PART I

Item 1. Business.

General

Formed in 1888, Alcoa Inc. is a Pennsylvania corporation with its principal office in New York, New York. In this report, unless the context otherwise requires, “Alcoa” or the “company” means Alcoa Inc. and all subsidiaries consolidated for the purposes of its financial statements.

The company’s Internet address is http://www.alcoa.com. Alcoa makes available free of charge on or through its website its annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after the company electronically files such material with, or furnishes it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains these reports at http://www.sec.gov.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains (and oral communications made by Alcoa may contain) statements that relate to future events and expectations and, as such, constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include those containing such words as “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “forecast,” “hopes,” “outlook,” “projects,” “should,” “targets,” “will,” “will likely result,” or other words of similar meaning. All statements that reflect Alcoa’s expectations, assumptions or projections about the future other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, forecasts concerning aluminum industry growth or other trend projections, anticipated financial results or operating performance, and statements about Alcoa’s strategies, objectives, goals, targets, outlook, and business and financial prospects. Forward-looking statements are subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors and are not guarantees of future performance. Actual results, performance or outcomes may differ materially from those expressed in or implied by those forward-looking statements. For a discussion of some of the specific factors that may cause Alcoa’s actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements, see the following sections of this report: Part I, Item 1A. (Risk Factors), Part II, Item 7. (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations), including the disclosures under Segment Information and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates, and Note N and the Derivatives Section of Note X to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data). Alcoa disclaims any intention or obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether in response to new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.

Overview

Alcoa is the world leader in the production and management of primary aluminum, fabricated aluminum, and alumina combined, through its active and growing participation in all major aspects of the industry: technology, mining, refining, smelting, fabricating, and recycling. Aluminum is a commodity that is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME) and priced daily based on market supply and demand. Aluminum and alumina represent more than 80% of Alcoa’s revenues, and the price of aluminum influences the operating results of Alcoa. Nonaluminum products include precision castings and aerospace and industrial fasteners. Alcoa’s products are used worldwide in aircraft, automobiles, commercial transportation, packaging, building and construction, oil and gas, defense, consumer electronics, and industrial applications.

Alcoa is a global company operating in 31 countries. Based upon the country where the point of sale occurred, the U.S. and Europe generated 49% and 27%, respectively, of Alcoa’s sales in 2011. In addition, Alcoa has investments and operating activities in, among others, Australia, Brazil, China, Guinea, Iceland, Russia, and Saudi Arabia, all of which

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present opportunities for substantial growth. Governmental policies, laws and regulations, and other economic factors, including inflation and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, affect the results of operations in these countries.

Alcoa’s operations consist of four worldwide reportable segments: Alumina, Primary Metals, Flat-Rolled Products, and Engineered Products and Solutions.

Description of the Business

Information describing Alcoa’s businesses can be found on the indicated pages of this report:

Item |  | Page(s) |
Discussion of Recent Business Developments: |  |  |  |
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: |  |  |  |
Overview—Results of Operations (Earnings Summary) |  |  | 47 |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements: |  |  |  |
Note D. Restructuring and Other Charges |  |  | 95 |
Note F. Acquisitions and Divestitures |  |  | 100 |
Segment Information: |  |  |  |
Business Descriptions, Principal Products, Principal Markets, Methods of Distribution, Seasonality and Dependence Upon Customers: |  |  |  |
Alumina |  |  | 31 |
Primary Metals |  |  | 31 |
Flat-Rolled Products |  |  | 31 |
Engineered Products and Solutions |  |  | 31 |
Financial Information about Segments and Financial Information about Geographic Areas: |  |  |  |
Note Q. Segment and Geographic Area Information |  |  | 120 |

The following charts and related discussion of the company’s Bauxite Interests, Alumina Refining and Primary Aluminum Facilities and Capacities, Flat-Rolled Products, Engineered Products and Solutions and Corporate Facilities provide additional description of Alcoa’s businesses. The Alumina segment primarily consists of a series of affiliated operating entities referred to as Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals (AWAC). Alcoa owns 60% and Alumina Limited owns 40% of these individual entities. For more information on AWAC, see Exhibit Nos. 10(a) through 10(f)(1) to this report.

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Bauxite Interests

Aluminum is one of the most plentiful elements in the earth’s crust. Aluminum is produced primarily from bauxite, an ore containing aluminum in the form of aluminum oxide, commonly referred to as alumina. Aluminum is made by extracting alumina from bauxite and then removing oxygen from the alumina. Alcoa processes most of the bauxite that it mines into alumina. The company obtains bauxite from its own resources and from those belonging to the AWAC enterprise, located in the countries listed in the chart below, as well as pursuant to both long-term and short-term contracts and mining leases. In 2011, Alcoa consumed 43.0 million metric tons (mt) of bauxite from AWAC and its own resources, 6.4 million mt from related third parties and 1.1 million mt from unrelated third parties. Alcoa’s present sources of bauxite are sufficient to meet the forecasted requirements of its alumina refining operations for the foreseeable future. The following table provides information regarding the company’s bauxite interests:

Alcoa Active Bauxite Interests1

Country |  | Project |  | Owners’ Mining Rights (% Entitlement) |  | Expiration Date of Mining Rights |
Australia |  | Darling Range Mines |  | Alcoa of Australia Limited (AofA)2 (100%) |  |  | 2045 |
Brazil |  | Poços de Caldas |  | Alcoa Alumínio S.A. (Alumínio)3 (100%) |  |  | 2020 | 4
|  | Trombetas |  | Mineração Rio do Norte S.A. (MRN)5 (100%) |  |  | 2046 | 4
|  | Juruti 6 |  | Alcoa World Alumina Brasil Ltda. (AWA Brasil)2 (100%) |  |  | 2100 | 4
Guinea |  | Boké |  | Compagnie des Bauxites de Guinée (CBG)7 (100%) |  |  | 2038 | 8
Jamaica |  | Clarendon/Manchester Plateau |  | Alcoa Minerals of Jamaica, L.L.C.2 (55%) Clarendon Alumina Production Ltd.9 (45%) |  |  | 2042 |
Suriname |  | Caramacca |  | Suriname Aluminum Company, L.L.C. (Suralco)2 (55%) N.V. Alcoa Minerals of Suriname (AMS)10 (45%) |  |  | 2012 | 11
|  | Coermotibo |  | Suralco (55%) AMS 10 (45%) |  |  | 2033 | 11
|  | Kaimangrasi |  | Suralco (55%) AMS 10 (45%) |  |  | 2033 | 11
|  | Klaverblad |  | Suralco (55%) AMS 10 (45%) |  |  | 2033 | 11

1 | Alcoa also has interests at the following locations that are bauxite resources which do not currently produce bauxite: Cape Bougainville and Mitchell Plateau in Australia; Az Zabirah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (currently scheduled for completion in 2014 and initially expected to produce 4 million mtpy); and Brownsberg, Coermotibo DS, Lely Mountains, and Nassau, all in eastern Suriname.

2 | This entity is part of the AWAC group of companies and is owned 60% by Alcoa and 40% by Alumina Limited.

3 | Alumínio is owned 100% by Alcoa.

4 | Brazilian mineral legislation does not establish the duration of mining concessions. The concession remains in force until the exhaustion of the deposit. The company estimates that (i) the concessions at Poços de Caldas will last at least until 2020, (ii) the concessions at Trombetas will last until 2046 and (iii) the concessions at Juruti will last until 2100. Depending, however, on actual and future needs, the rate at which the deposits are explored and government approval is obtained, the concessions may be extended to (or expire at) a later (or an earlier) date.

5 | Alumínio holds an 8.58% total interest, Alcoa World Alumina Brasil Ltda. (formerly Abalco S.A., which merged with Alcoa World Alumina Brasil Ltda. in December 2008) (AWA Brasil) holds a 4.62% total interest and Alcoa World Alumina LLC (AWA LLC) holds a 5% total interest in MRN. AWA Brasil and AWA LLC are both part of the AWAC group of companies and are owned 60% by Alcoa and 40% by Alumina Limited. MRN is jointly owned with affiliates of Rio Tinto Alcan Inc., Companhia Brasileira de Alumínio, Companhia Vale do Rio Doce, BHP Billiton Plc (BHP

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| Billiton) and Norsk Hydro. Alumínio, AWA Brasil, and AWA LLC purchase bauxite from MRN under long-term supply contracts.

6 | In September 2009, development of a new bauxite mine was completed in Juruti, state of Para in northern Brazil. The mine is fully operational and produced 2.6 million mt in 2010 and 3.8 million mt in 2011. In 2012 production is expected to rise to 4.4 million mt.

7 | AWA LLC owns a 45% interest in Halco (Mining), Inc. Halco owns 100% of Boké Investment Company, a Delaware company, which owns 51% of CBG. The Guinean Government owns 49% of CBG, which has the exclusive right through 2038 to develop and mine bauxite in certain areas within a 10,000 square-mile concession in northwestern Guinea.

8 | AWA LLC has a bauxite purchase contract with CBG that will provide Alcoa with bauxite through 2013.

9 | Clarendon Alumina Production Ltd. is wholly-owned by the Government of Jamaica.

10 | AWA LLC owns 100% of N.V. Alcoa Minerals of Suriname (AMS). AWA LLC is part of the AWAC group of companies and is owned 60% by Alcoa and 40% by Alumina Limited.

11 | Subject to Suriname government approval of a pending five-year extension request, mining rights at Caramacca will expire this operating year 2012. Rights at the remaining Suriname locations all extend until 2033. It is likely that all Suriname current bauxite resources will be exhausted within the next several years. Alcoa is actively exploring and evaluating alternative sources of bauxite in Suriname. Approximately 1.6 million mt of bauxite was added to the reserves in 2011 from greenfield exploration in the current concession, and the development of the Nassau Plateau bauxite is entering its final phase.

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Joint Venture

In December 2009, Alcoa and Saudi Arabian Mining Company (Ma’aden) entered into an agreement setting forth the terms of a joint venture between them to develop a fully integrated aluminum complex in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In its initial phases, the complex will include a bauxite mine with an initial capacity of 4 million mtpy; an alumina refinery with an initial capacity of 1.8 million mtpy; an aluminum smelter with an initial capacity of ingot, slab and billet of 740,000 mtpy; and a rolling mill with initial capacity of 380,000 mtpy. The mill is expected to focus initially on the production of sheet, end and tab stock for the manufacture of aluminum cans, and potentially other products to serve the construction, automotive, and other industries.

The refinery, smelter and rolling mill will be established within the new industrial zone of Ras Al Khair (formerly Ras Az Zawr) on the east coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. First production from the aluminum smelter and rolling mill is anticipated in 2013, and first production from the mine and refinery is expected in 2014.

Total capital investment is expected to be approximately $10.8 billion (SAR 40.5 billion). Ma’aden owns a 74.9% interest in the joint venture. Alcoa owns a 25.1% interest in the smelter and rolling mill, with the AWAC group having a 25.1% interest in the mine and refinery. For additional information regarding the joint venture, see the Equity Investments section of Note I to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data).

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Alumina Refining Facilities and Capacity

Alcoa is the world’s leading producer of alumina. Alcoa’s alumina refining facilities and its worldwide alumina capacity are shown in the following table:

Alcoa Worldwide Alumina Refining Capacity

Country |  | Facility |  | Owners (% of Ownership) |  | Nameplate Capacity1 (000 MTPY) |  |  | Alcoa Consolidated Capacity2 (000 MTPY) |
Australia |  | Kwinana |  | AofA 3 (100%) |  |  | 2,190 |  |  |  | 2,190 |
|  | Pinjarra |  | AofA (100%) |  |  | 4,234 |  |  |  | 4,234 |
|  | Wagerup |  | AofA (100%) |  |  | 2,555 |  |  |  | 2,555 |
Brazil |  | Poços de Caldas |  | Alumínio 4 (100%) |  |  | 390 |  |  |  | 390 |
|  | São Luís (Alumar) |  | AWA Brasil 3 (39%) Rio Tinto Alcan Inc.5 (10%) Alumínio (15%) BHP Billiton 5 (36%) |  |  | 3,500 |  |  |  | 1,890 |
Jamaica |  | Jamalco |  | Alcoa Minerals of Jamaica, L.L.C.3 (55%) Clarendon Alumina Production Ltd.6 (45%) |  |  | 1,478 |  |  |  | 841 |
Spain |  | San Ciprián |  | Alúmina Española, S.A.3 (100%) |  |  | 1,500 |  |  |  | 1,500 |
Suriname |  | Suralco |  | Suralco 3 (55%) AMS 7 (45%) |  |  | 2,207 | 8 |  |  | 2,207 |
United States |  | Point Comfort, TX |  | AWA LLC 3 (100%) |  |  | 2,305 | 9 |  |  | 2,305 |
TOTAL |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20,359 |  |  |  | 18,112 |

1 | Nameplate Capacity is an estimate based on design capacity and normal operating efficiencies and does not necessarily represent maximum possible production.

2 | The figures in this column reflect Alcoa’s share of production from these facilities. For facilities wholly-owned by AWAC entities, Alcoa takes 100% of the production.

3 | This entity is part of the AWAC group of companies and is owned 60% by Alcoa and 40% by Alumina Limited.

4 | This entity is owned 100% by Alcoa.

5 | The named company or an affiliate holds this interest.

6 | Clarendon Alumina Production Ltd. is wholly-owned by the Government of Jamaica.

7 | AWA LLC owns 100% of N.V. Alcoa Minerals of Suriname (AMS). AWA LLC is part of the AWAC group of companies and is owned 60% by Alcoa and 40% by Alumina Limited.

8 | In May 2009, the Suralco alumina refinery announced curtailment of 870,000 mtpy. The decision was made to protect the long-term viability of the industry in Suriname. The curtailment was aimed at deferring further bauxite extraction until additional in-country bauxite resources are developed and market conditions for alumina improve. The refinery currently has approximately 793,000 mtpy of idle capacity.

9 | Reductions in production at Point Comfort resulted mostly from the effects of curtailments initiated in late 2008 through early 2009, as a result of overall market conditions. The reductions included curtailments of approximately 1,500,000 mtpy. Of that original amount, 384,000 mtpy remain curtailed.

As noted above, Alcoa and Ma’aden entered into an agreement that involves the development of an alumina refinery in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Initial capacity of the refinery is expected to be 1.8 million mtpy. First production is expected in 2014. For additional information regarding the joint venture, see the Equity Investments section of Note I to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data).

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The 2.1 million mtpy expansion of the Alumar consortium alumina refinery in São Luís, Maranhão, completed by the end of 2009, has increased the refinery’s nameplate capacity to approximately 3.5 million mtpy, with Alcoa’s share of such capacity more than doubling to 1.89 million mtpy based on its 54% ownership stake through Alumínio and AWAC.

In November 2005, Alcoa World Alumina LLC (AWA LLC) and Rio Tinto Alcan Inc. signed a Basic Agreement with the Government of Guinea that sets forth the framework for development of a 1.5 million mtpy alumina refinery in Guinea. In 2006, the Basic Agreement was approved by the Guinean National Assembly and was promulgated into law. The Basic Agreement was originally set to expire in November 2008, but has been extended to November 2012. Pre-feasibility studies were completed in 2008. Additional feasibility study work was completed in 2011, and further activities are planned for 2012.

In September 2006, Alcoa received environmental approval from the Government of Western Australia for expansion of the Wagerup alumina refinery to a maximum capacity of 4.7 million mtpy, a potential increase of over 2 million mtpy. This approval has a term of 5 years and included environmental conditions that must be satisfied before Alcoa can seek construction approval for the project. The project was suspended in November 2008 due to global economic conditions and the unavailability of a secure long-term energy supply in Western Australia. These constraints continue and as such the project remains under suspension. Alcoa is therefore seeking an extension of the 2006 environmental approval for the expansion for a further 5 years, with a formal determination expected in spring of 2012.

In 2008, AWAC signed a cooperation agreement with Vietnam National Coal-Minerals Industries Group (Vinacomin) in which they agreed to conduct a joint feasibility study of the Gia Nghia bauxite mine and alumina refinery project located in Dak Nong Province in Vietnam’s Central Highlands, with first stage capacity expected to be between 1.0 and 1.5 million mtpy. The cooperation between AWAC and Vinacomin on Gia Nghia is subject to approval by the Government of Vietnam. If established, the Gia Nghia venture is expected to be 51% owned by Vinacomin, 40% by AWAC and 9% by others.

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Primary Aluminum Facilities and Capacity

The company’s primary aluminum smelters and their respective capacities are shown in the following table:

Alcoa Worldwide Smelting Capacity

Country |  | Facility |  | Owners (% Of Ownership) |  | Nameplate Capacity1 (000 MTPY) |  |  | Alcoa Consolidated Capacity2 (000 MTPY) |
Australia |  | Point Henry |  | AofA (100%) |  |  | 190 |  |  |  | 190 | 3
|  | Portland |  | AofA (55%) CITIC 4 (22.5%) Marubeni 4 (22.5%) |  |  | 358 |  |  |  | 197 | 3,5
Brazil |  | Poços de Caldas |  | Alumínio (100%) |  |  | 96 |  |  |  | 96 |
|  | São Luís (Alumar) |  | Alumínio (60%) BHP Billiton 4 (40%) |  |  | 447 |  |  |  | 268 |
Canada |  | Baie Comeau, Que. |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 385 |  |  |  | 385 |
|  | Bécancour, Que. |  | Alcoa (74.95%) Rio Tinto Alcan Inc.6 (25.05%) |  |  | 413 |  |  |  | 310 |
|  | Deschambault, Que. |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 260 |  |  |  | 260 |
Iceland |  | Fjarðaál |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 344 |  |  |  | 344 |
Italy |  | Fusina |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 44 | 7 |  |  | 44 |
|  | Portovesme |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 150 | 7 |  |  | 150 |
Norway |  | Lista |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 94 |  |  |  | 94 |
|  | Mosjøen |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 188 |  |  |  | 188 |
Spain |  | Avilés |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 93 | 8 |  |  | 93 |
|  | La Coruña |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 87 | 8 |  |  | 87 |
|  | San Ciprián |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 228 |  |  |  | 228 |
United States |  | Evansville, IN (Warrick) |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 269 |  |  |  | 269 |
|  | Massena East, NY |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 125 |
|  | Massena West, NY |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 130 |  |  |  | 130 |
|  | Mount Holly, SC |  | Alcoa (50.33%) Century Aluminum Company 4 (49.67%) |  |  | 229 |  |  |  | 115 |
|  | Alcoa, TN |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 215 | 9 |  |  | 215 |
|  | Rockdale, TX |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 267 | 1 0 |  |  | 267 |
|  | Ferndale, WA (Intalco) |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 279 | 11 |  |  | 279 |
|  | Wenatchee, WA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  |  | 184 | 12 |  |  | 184 |
TOTAL |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5,075 |  |  |  | 4,518 |

1 | Nameplate Capacity is an estimate based on design capacity and normal operating efficiencies and does not necessarily represent maximum possible production.

2 | The figures in this column reflect Alcoa’s share of production from these facilities.

3 | Figures include the minority interest of Alumina Limited in facilities owned by AofA. From these facilities, Alcoa takes 100% of the production allocated to AofA.

4 | The named company or an affiliate holds this interest.

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5 | In December 2008, approximately 15,000 mtpy annualized production was idled at the Portland facility due to overall market conditions. In July 2009, an additional 15,000 mtpy annualized production was idled, again, due to overall market conditions. This production remains idled.

6 | Owned through Rio Tinto Alcan Inc.’s interest in Pechiney Reynolds Québec, Inc., which is owned by Rio Tinto Alcan Inc. and Alcoa.

7 | In May 2010, Alcoa and the Italian Government agreed to a temporary curtailment of the Fusina smelter. As of June 30, 2010, the Fusina smelter was fully curtailed. Additionally, in January 2012, as part of a restructuring of Alcoa’s global smelting system, Alcoa announced that it has decided to curtail operations at the Portovesme smelter during the first half of 2012. This action may lead to the permanent closure of the Portovesme smelter.

8 | In January 2012, Alcoa announced that it will be temporarily idling a portion of the smelters in Avilés and La Coruña. The company intends for this to be completed within the first half of 2012. Avilés and La Coruna will both be operating at approximately 50% of capacity.

9 | All production at the Tennessee smelter was idled in March 2009 due to economic conditions. In January 2012, Alcoa announced that it will permanently shut down and demolish this facility as part of a larger strategy to improve its cost position and competitiveness.

10 | Between June and November 2008, three of Rockdale’s six potlines were idled as a result of uneconomical power prices. The remaining three operating lines were idled in November 2008 due to uncompetitive power supply and overall market conditions. In January 2012, Alcoa announced that it will permanently shut down and demolish two of the six idled potlines as part of a larger strategy to improve its cost position and competitiveness.

11 | Approximately half of one potline at the Intalco smelter remains idled, or approximately 47,000 mtpy.

12 | One potline at the Wenatchee smelter remains idled, or approximately 41,000 mtpy.

As of December 31, 2011, Alcoa had approximately 644,000 mtpy of idle capacity against total Alcoa Consolidated Capacity of 4,518,000 mtpy. These figures are prior to any changes noted above regarding Rockdale, Tennessee, Avilés, Portovesme and La Coruña.

In January 2011, Alcoa and the China Power Investment Corporation (CPI) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to collaborate on a broad range of aluminum and energy projects in China and other locations. The projects under consideration may range from mining, refining, smelting, aluminum fabrication to collaboration on energy projects. In September 2011, Alcoa and CPI signed a Letter of Intent that provides a framework for the creation of a joint venture, which will focus on producing high-end fabricated aluminum products in China and leverage Alcoa’s and CPI’s existing footprint and capabilities. The new joint venture will target growth opportunities in the Chinese automotive, aerospace, packaging and consumer electronics markets.

As noted above, at the end of 2009 Alcoa and Ma’aden entered into an agreement that involves development of an aluminum smelter in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In 2010, the joint venture entity, Ma’aden Aluminium Company signed project financing and broke ground on the construction of the smelter. The smelter is expected to have an initial capacity of ingot, slab and billet of 740,000 mtpy. First production is expected in 2013.

In 2006, Alcoa and the Government of Iceland, together with the National Power Company (Landsvirkjun) and the National Transmission Company (Landsnet) began detailed feasibility studies for the development of a 250,000 mtpy aluminum smelter at Bakki near Húsavík in north Iceland. In October 2011, Alcoa informed the Government of Iceland, Landsvirkjun and Landsnet that the power availability and proposed pricing would not support an aluminum smelter, and that the project would not continue.

In December 2008, Alcoa and the Brunei Economic Development Board agreed to further extend an existing MOU to enable more detailed studies into the feasibility of establishing a modern, gas-powered aluminum smelter in Brunei Darussalam. The MOU extends a memorandum signed originally in 2003. Phase one of the feasibility study will determine scope and dimensions of the proposed facility, power-delivery strategy, location, as well as an associated port and infrastructure. At completion of phase one, the parties will determine whether a more detailed phase two study

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is warranted. If completed, it is expected that the smelter would have an initial operating capacity of 360,000 mtpy with the potential for future increase. In 2011, the MOU was further extended to enable determination of feasibility.

In 2007, Alcoa and Greenland Home Rule Government entered into an MOU regarding cooperation on a feasibility study for an aluminum smelter with a 360,000 mtpy capacity in Greenland. The MOU also encompasses a hydroelectric power system and related infrastructure improvements, including a port. In 2008, Greenland’s parliament allocated funding to support the second phase of joint studies with Alcoa and endorsed that the smelter be located at Maniitsoq. In 2010, Alcoa and the Greenland Home Rule Government revised the completion dates for feasibility studies associated with development of the proposed integrated hydro system and aluminum smelter at Maniitsoq to enable more detailed consideration of aspects of the project related to construction and provision of energy and to allow the Greenland parliament sufficient time to deliberate and vote on critical aspects of national legislation concerning the project. The feasibility studies were completed in the fourth quarter of 2011. A Greenland Parliamentary vote to allow continued studies for construction and provision of energy is scheduled for late 2012.

In the fourth quarter of 2011, Alcoa and the Government of Angola, through the ministries of Energy, Water & Geology, Mines and Industry, entered into an exclusive MOU regarding cooperation on a feasibility study for an aluminum smelter in Angola with a 720,000 mtpy capacity. The MOU also encompasses a hydroelectric power system and power transmission facilities to be built by the Government and resulting long term purchase power agreement.

Flat-Rolled Products Facilities

The principal business of the company’s Flat-Rolled Products segment is the production and sale of aluminum plate, sheet and foil. This segment includes rigid container sheet, which is sold directly to customers in the packaging and consumer market. This segment also includes sheet and plate used in the aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation, and building and construction markets.

As noted above, Alcoa and Ma’aden entered into an agreement that involves development of a rolling mill in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In 2010, the joint venture entity, Ma’aden Rolling Company signed project financing for its rolling mill and broke ground on the construction of the mill. Initial capacity is approximately 380,000 mtpy. First production is expected in 2013.

As discussed above, in 2011, Alcoa and the CPI signed an MOU followed by a Letter of Intent that provides a framework for the creation of a joint venture which includes a focus on producing high-end fabricated aluminum products in China. This venture will leverage Alcoa’s and CPI’s existing footprint and capabilities.

Although the company completed the sale of substantially all of its Global Foil Business in 2009, the company continues to manufacture foil for the end-user market in Itapissuma, Brazil.

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Flat-Rolled Products Principal Facilities

COUNTRY |  | LOCATION |  | OWNERS1 (% Of Ownership) |  | PRODUCTS
Australia |  | Point Henry |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet
|  | Yennora |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet
Brazil |  | Itapissuma |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Foil Products/Sheet and Plate
China |  | Kunshan |  | Alcoa (70%) Shanxi Yuncheng Engraving Group (30%) |  | Sheet and Plate
|  | Qinhuangdao |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate 2
France |  | Castelsarrasin |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
Hungary |  | Székesfehérvár |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate/Slabs and Billets
Italy |  | Fusina |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
Russia |  | Belaya Kalitva |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
|  | Samara |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
Spain |  | Alicante |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
|  | Amorebieta |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
United Kingdom |  | Birmingham |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Plate
United States |  | Davenport, IA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
|  | Danville, IL |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
|  | Newburgh, IN |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
|  | Hutchinson, KS |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
|  | Lancaster, PA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
|  | Alcoa, TN |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate
|  | San Antonio, TX |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet
|  | Texarkana, TX |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Sheet and Plate 3

1 | Facilities with ownership described as “Alcoa (100%)” are either leased or owned by the company.

2 | Alcoa Bohai Aluminum Products Company Ltd. (Bohai), a wholly owned subsidiary of Alcoa, operates an aluminum rolling facility in Qinhuangdao. It has completed its expansion and has ramped up production to 60% of capacity in 2011.

3 | The Texarkana rolling mill facility has been idle since September of 2009 due to a continued weak outlook in common alloy markets.

Engineered Products and Solutions Facilities

This segment represents Alcoa’s downstream operations and includes titanium, aluminum, and super alloy investment castings; forgings and fasteners; aluminum wheels; integrated aluminum structural systems; and architectural extrusions used in the aerospace, automotive, building and construction, commercial transportation, and power generation markets. These products are sold directly to customers and through distributors. Additionally, hard alloy extrusions products, which are also sold directly to customers and through distributors, serve the aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation, and industrial products markets.

On March 9, 2011, Alcoa completed the acquisition of the aerospace fastener business of TransDigm Group Inc. for approximately $240 million. The business includes Valley-Todeco Inc., with a facility in Sylmar, California, and

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Linread Ltd., with facilities in Redditch and Leicester, both in the United Kingdom. The new business is part of Alcoa Fastening Systems, which is an Alcoa business unit specializing in the design and manufacture of specialty fastening systems, components, and installation tools for aerospace and industrial applications.

Engineered Products and Solutions Principal Facilities

COUNTRY |  | FACILITY |  | OWNERS1 (% Of Ownership) |  | PRODUCTS
Australia |  | Oakleigh |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
Canada |  | Georgetown, Ontario |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace Castings
|  | Laval, Québec |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace Castings
|  | Lethbridge, Alberta |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Pointe Claire, |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Québec Vaughan, Ontario |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
China |  | Suzhou |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
France |  | Dives sur Mer |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
|  | Evron |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Specialty Castings
|  | Gennenvilliers |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Industrial Turbine Castings
|  | Guérande |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Lézat-Sur-Lèze |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Merxheim |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Montbrison |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | St. Cosme-en-Vairais |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Toulouse |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Us ‘par Vigny |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Vendargues |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
Germany |  | Hannover |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions
|  | Hildesheim-Bavenstedt |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Iserlohn |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Kelkheim |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
Hungary |  | Nemesvámos |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Székesfehérvár |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings/Forgings
Japan |  | Joetsu City |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Forgings
|  | Nomi |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
Netherlands |  | Harderwijk |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
Mexico |  | Ciudad Acuña |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace Castings/Fasteners
|  | Monterrey |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Forgings
Morocco |  | Casablanca |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
Russia |  | Belaya Kalitva 2 |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions and Forgings
|  | Samara 2 |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions and Forgings
South Korea |  | Kyoungnam |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions

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COUNTRY |  | FACILITY |  | OWNERS1 (% Of Ownership) |  | PRODUCTS
Spain |  | Irutzun |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
United Kingdom |  | Exeter |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings/Alloy
|  | Leicester |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Redditch |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Runcorn |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Telford |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
United States |  | Springdale, AR |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Chandler, AZ |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions
|  | Tucson, AZ |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Carson, CA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | City of Industry, CA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Fullerton, CA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Newbury Park, CA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Sylmar, CA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Torrance, CA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Visalia, CA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Branford, CT |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace Coatings
|  | Winsted, CT |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace Machining
|  | Eastman, GA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Auburn, IN |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions
|  | Lafayette, IN |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions
|  | LaPorte, IN |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
|  | Baltimore, MD |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions
|  | Whitehall, MI |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace, Industrial Gas Turbine Castings, Coatings, Ti Alloy and Specialty Products
|  | Dover, NJ |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings and Alloy
|  | Kingston, NY |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Massena, NY |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions
|  | Barberton, OH |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Forgings
|  | Chillicothe, OH |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Forgings
|  | Cleveland, OH |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Forgings
|  | Bloomsburg, PA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Cranberry, PA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Architectural Products
|  | Morristown, TN |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace Ceramic Products
|  | Waco, TX |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Fasteners
|  | Wichita Falls, TX |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings
|  | Hampton, VA |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Aerospace and Industrial Gas Turbine Castings

1 | Facilities with ownership described as “Alcoa (100%)” are either leased or owned by the company.

2 | The operating results of this facility are reported in the Flat-Rolled Products segment.

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Corporate Facilities

The Latin American soft alloy extrusions business is reported in Corporate Facilities. For more information, see Note Q to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data).

Latin American Extrusions Facilities

COUNTRY |  | FACILITY |  | OWNERS1 (% Of Ownership) |  | PRODUCTS
Brazil |  | Itapissuma |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions
|  | Utinga |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions
|  | Sorocaba |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions
|  | Tubarão |  | Alcoa (100%) |  | Extrusions

1 | Facilities with ownership described as “Alcoa (100%)” are owned by the company, except in the case of the Sorocaba facility, which is a facility leased by the company.

Sources and Availability of Raw Materials

The major raw materials purchased in 2011 for each of the company’s reportable segments are listed below.

Alumina |  | Flat-Rolled Products
Bauxite |  | Alloying materials
Caustic soda |  | Aluminum scrap
Electricity |  | Coatings
Fuel oil |  | Electricity
Natural gas |  | Natural gas
|  | Nitrogen
|  | Primary aluminum (ingot, billet, P1020 , high purity )
|  | Steam
Primary Metals |  | Engineered Products and Solutions
Alloying materials |  | Alloying materials
Alumina |  | Cobalt
Aluminum fluoride |  | Electricity
Calcined petroleum coke |  | Natural gas
Cathode blocks |  | Nickel
Electricity |  | Primary aluminum (ingot, billet, P1020 , high purity )
Liquid pitch |  | Resin
Natural gas |  | Stainless Steel
|  | Steel
|  | Titanium

Generally, other materials are purchased from third party suppliers under competitively-priced supply contracts or bidding arrangements. The company believes that the raw materials necessary to its business are and will continue to be available.

Energy

Employing the Bayer process, Alcoa refines alumina from bauxite ore. Alcoa then produces aluminum from the alumina by an electrolytic process requiring large amounts of electric power. Energy and electricity account for

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approximately 25% of the company’s total alumina refining production costs. Electric power accounts for approximately 26% of the company’s primary aluminum production costs. Alcoa generates approximately 22% of the power used at its smelters worldwide and generally purchases the remainder under long-term arrangements. The paragraphs below summarize the sources of power and the long-term power arrangements for Alcoa’s smelters and refineries.

North America – Electricity

The Deschambault, Baie Comeau, and Bécancour smelters in Québec purchase electricity under existing contracts that run through 2015, which will be followed by long-term contracts with Hydro-Québec first executed in December 2008, revised in 2011 and expiring in 2040, provided that Alcoa completes the modernization of the Baie Comeau smelter by early 2016. The smelter located in Baie Comeau, Québec has historically purchased approximately 65% of its power needs under the Hydro-Québec contract, receiving the remainder from a 40% owned hydroelectric generating company, Manicouagan Power Limited Partnership (MPLP). Beginning on January 1, 2011, these percentages changed such that approximately 80% is sourced from Hydro-Québec, with the remaining 20% from MPLP.

The company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Alcoa Power Generating Inc. (APGI), generates approximately 38% of the power requirements for Alcoa’s smelters operating in the U.S. The company generally purchases the remainder under long-term contracts. APGI owns and operates two hydroelectric projects, Tapoco and Yadkin, consisting of eight dams.

New power contracts with Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) were executed in June 2011 replacing the previous contracts which were set to expire on June 30, 2011. These three-year contracts cover the sale of APGI Tapoco energy, capacity and renewable energy credits to TVA and the purchase of supplemental energy from TVA to assist APGI in serving Tennessee’s rolling operations. APGI also executed an Interconnection Agreement, a Hydro-Coordination Agreement and a Reliability Coordination Agreement pursuant to the unbundling of previous APGI and TVA agreements which provided for coordinated operation of the hydroelectric and transmission facilities owned by TVA and APGI, as well as the sale of power between APGI and TVA. As part of its long term goal of lowering Alcoa’s position on the world aluminum production cost curve, in January of 2012, Alcoa announced the permanent closure of its Alcoa, Tennessee smelter, which has been curtailed since 2009. Demolition and remediation activities related to these actions will begin in the first half of 2012 and are expected to be completed in 2015.

APGI received a renewed forty-year Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) license for the Tapoco project in 2005. The relicensing process continues for the Yadkin hydroelectric project license. In 2007, APGI filed with FERC a Relicensing Settlement Agreement with the majority of the interested stakeholders that broadly resolved open issues. The National Environmental Policy Act process is complete, with a final environmental impact statement having been issued in April 2008. The remaining requirement for the relicensing was the issuance by North Carolina of the required water quality certification under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act. The Section 401 water quality certification was issued on May 7, 2009, but was appealed, and has been stayed since late May 2009 pending substantive determination on the appeal. On December 1, 2010, APGI received notice from North Carolina of its revocation of the Section 401 water quality certification. APGI has appealed the revocation and a hearing has been scheduled. APGI received a year-to-year license renewal from FERC in May 2008, and will continue to operate under annual licenses until a new Section 401 certification is issued and the FERC relicensing process is complete. Since the first quarter of 2010 when Alcoa announced the permanent closure of the Badin, North Carolina smelter, power generated from APGI’s Yadkin system is largely being sold to an affiliate, Alcoa Power Marketing LLC, and then sold into the wholesale market. Proceeds from sales to the wholesale market are used to offset higher priced power contracts at other U.S. operations.

APGI generates substantially all of the power used at the company’s Warrick smelter using nearby coal reserves. Since May 2005, Alcoa has owned the nearby Friendsville, Illinois coal reserves, with the mine being operated by Vigo Coal Company, Inc. The mine is producing approximately one million tons of coal per year. In June 2011, the Red Brush West Mine, owned by Alcoa and operated by Vigo Coal, was opened and will produce approximately 60,000 tons per month over an eighteen-month period. In 2011, the two owned mines provided approximately 61% of the Warrick power plant’s requirements. The balance of the coal used is purchased principally from local Illinois Basin coal producers pursuant to term contracts of varying duration.

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In the northwest, Alcoa operated under a contract with Chelan County Public Utility District (Chelan PUD) located in the State of Washington that was sufficient to supply about half of the capacity of the Wenatchee smelter through October 2011. In November 2011, a new contract executed between Alcoa and Chelan PUD became effective, under which Alcoa receives approximately 26% of the hydropower output of Chelan PUD’s Rocky Reach and Rock Island dams, which will continue to supply about half of the capacity of the Wenatchee smelter.

Following the invalidation by the 9 th Circuit Court of Appeals of the 2006-2011 contract with the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) under which Alcoa was receiving financial benefits to reduce the cost of power purchased from the market to partially operate the Intalco smelter, Alcoa and BPA signed a new contract providing for the sale of physical power at the Northwest Power Act mandated industrial firm power (IP) rate, for the period from December 22, 2009 – May 26, 2011 (17 months). That “initial period” has been extended through May 26, 2012. The contract also contains a provision for a five-year extension if certain financial tests can be met.

Prior to 2007, power for the Rockdale smelter in Texas was historically supplied from company-owned generating units and units owned by Luminant Generation Company LLC (formerly TXU Generation Company LP) (Luminant), both of which used lignite supplied by the company’s Sandow Mine. Upon completion of lignite mining in the Sandow Mine in 2005, lignite supply transitioned to the formerly Alcoa-owned Three Oaks Mine. The company retired its three wholly-owned generating units at Rockdale (Sandow Units 1, 2 and 3) in late 2006, and transitioned to an arrangement under which Luminant is to supply all of the Rockdale smelter’s electricity requirements under a long-term power contract that does not expire until at least the end of 2038, with the parties having the right to terminate the contract after 2013 if there has been an unfavorable change in law or after 2025 if the cost of the electricity exceeds the market price. In August 2007, Luminant and Alcoa closed on the definitive agreements under which Luminant has constructed and operates a new circulating fluidized bed power plant (Sandow Unit 5) adjacent to the existing Sandow Unit 4 and, in September 2007, on the sale of the Three Oaks Mine to Luminant. Concurrent with entering into the agreements under which Luminant constructed and operates Sandow Unit 5, Alcoa and Luminant entered into a power purchase agreement whereby Alcoa purchased power from Luminant. That Unit 5 power purchase agreement was terminated by Alcoa, effective December 1, 2010. In June 2008, Alcoa temporarily idled half of the capacity at the Rockdale smelter and in November 2008 curtailed the remainder of Rockdale’s smelting capacity. In January 2012, Alcoa announced that it will permanently close two of the six idled potlines at its Rockdale, Texas smelter. Demolition and remediation activities related to these actions will begin in the first half of 2012 and are expected to be completed in 2013.

In the northeast, the purchased power contracts for both the Massena East and Massena West smelters in New York expire December 31, 2013, subject to their terms and conditions. In December 2007, Alcoa and The New York Power Authority (NYPA) reached agreement in principle on a new energy contract to supply the Massena East and Massena West smelters for 30 years, beginning on January 1, 2014, following an amendment in January 2011. The definitive agreement implementing this arrangement became effective February 24, 2009. A subsequent amendment, providing Alcoa additional time to complete the design and engineering work for its Massena East modernization plan, and providing for the return of 256 megawatts (MW) of power to NYPA while Massena East was idled, was entered into effective April 16, 2009 and was superseded by the January 2011 amendment. Implementation of the Massena East modernization plan is subject to further approval of the Alcoa Board of Directors. Alcoa restarted production at Massena East in the first quarter of 2011.

The Mt. Holly smelter in South Carolina purchases electricity from Santee Cooper under a contract that was amended and restated in 2010, and expires December 31, 2015. The contract includes a provision for follow-on service at the then current rate schedule for industrial customers.

Australia – Electricity

Power is generated from extensive brown coal deposits covered by a long-term mineral lease held by Alcoa of Australia Limited (AofA), and that power currently provides approximately 40% of the electricity for the company’s smelter in Point Henry, Victoria. The State Electricity Commission of Victoria provides the remaining power for this smelter, and all power for the Portland smelter, under contracts with AofA and Eastern Aluminium (Portland) Pty Ltd,

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a wholly-owned subsidiary of AofA, in respect of its interest in Portland, that extend to 2014 and 2016, respectively. Upon the expiry of these contracts both smelters will purchase power from the Australian National Energy Market (NEM) variable spot market. In March 2010, AofA and Eastern Aluminium (Portland) Pty Ltd (in respect of the Portland Smelter only) separately entered into fixed for floating swap contracts with Loy Yang Power in order to manage exposure to variable energy rates from the NEM from the date of expiry of the current contracts with the State Electricity Commission of Victoria until December 2036.

Brazil – Electricity

The Alumar smelter is supplied by Eletronorte (Centrais Elétricas do Norte do Brasil S.A.) under a long-term power purchase agreement expiring in December 2024. Eletronorte has supplied the Alumar smelter from the beginning of its operations in 1984. Since 2006, Alcoa Alumínio S.A.’s (Alumínio) remaining power needs for the smelter are supplied from self-generated energy. Beginning in March 2012, the Eletronorte supply will be reduced by the amount of 160 MW that will be supplied through power self-generation.

Alumínio owns a 30.99% stake in Maesa – Machadinho Energética S.A., which is the owner of 83.06% of the Machadinho hydroelectric power plant located in southern Brazil. Alumínio’s share of the plant’s output is supplied to the Poços de Caldas smelter, and is sufficient to cover 55% of its operating needs.

Alumínio has a 42.18% interest in Energética Barra Grande S.A. – BAESA, which built the Barra Grande hydroelectric power plant in southern Brazil. Alumínio’s share of the power generated by BAESA covers the remaining power needs of the Poços de Caldas smelter and, as noted above, a portion of the power needs of Alumínio’s interest in the Alumar smelter.

Alumínio also has 34.97% share in Serra do Facão in the southeast of Brazil, which began commercial generation in August 2010. Alumínio’s share of the Serra do Facão output is currently being sold in the market.

Alumínio is also participating in the Estreito hydropower project in northern Brazil, holding a 25.49% share. Four out of its eight generation units began commercial operation in 2011. The remaining four generation units are expected to begin commercial operation in 2012.

With Machadinho, Barra Grande, Serra do Facão and Estreito, Alumínio’s current power self-sufficiency is approximately 65%, to meet a total energy demand of approximately 690 MW from Brazilian primary aluminum plants.

From March 26, 2012, Estreito power will supply the Alumar smelter replacing 160MW of power under the Eletronorte contract, reducing it from 423MW to 263MW. Power from Serra do Facão will also replace Eletronorte starting January 1, 2014. Until then, power from Serra do Facão will be sold externally.

Consortia in which Alumínio participates have received concessions for the Pai Querê hydropower project in southern Brazil (Alumínio’s share is 35%) and the Santa Isabel hydropower project in northern Brazil (Alumínio’s share is 20%). Development of these concessions has not yet begun.

Europe – Electricity

Until December 31, 2005, the company purchased electricity for its smelters at Portovesme and Fusina, Italy under a power supply structure approved by the European Commission (EC) in 1996. That measure provided a competitive power supply to the primary aluminum industry and was not considered state aid from the Italian Government. In 2005, Italy granted an extension of the regulated electricity tariff that was in force until December 31, 2005 through November 19, 2009. (The extension was originally through 2010, but the date was changed by legislation adopted by the Italian Parliament effective on August 15, 2009.) In July 2006, the EC announced that it had opened an investigation to establish whether the extension of the regulated electricity tariff granted by Italy complied with

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European Union (EU) state aid rules. On November 19, 2009, the EC announced a decision in its investigation, stating that the extension of the tariff by Italy constituted unlawful state aid, in part, and ordered the Italian government to recover a portion of the benefit Alcoa received since January 2006 (including interest). On April 19, 2010, Alcoa filed an appeal against the decision of the EC with the European General Court. Additionally on May 22, 2010, Alcoa filed an application for interim measures (suspension of decision) in connection with the EC at the European General Court. On July 12, 2010, the European General Court dismissed the request for interim measures due to lack of urgency. Alcoa appealed this ruling on September 10, 2010. This appeal was dismissed by the European Court of Justice on December 16, 2011. On February 25, 2010, the Italian government issued a decree law (No.3 2010) implementing a request from the electrical transmission system operator to reinforce the level of system security on the islands of Sicily and Sardinia. The decree law provides the means for end-consumers to provide and, be paid for, interruptible services up to December 31, 2012. On May 26, 2010, the EC ruled that scheme introduced by the decree law to be a “non-aid.” Alcoa applied for and gained rights to sell this service in Sardinia from the Portovesme smelter. Additional details about this matter are in Part I, Item 3 (Legal Proceedings) of this report. On July 29, 2010, Alcoa reached agreement with a power supplier to enter into a new contract expiring on December 31, 2012. This arrangement would have enabled operation of the Portovesme smelter through December 31, 2012. In January 2012, Alcoa announced that it decided to curtail operations at its Portovesme smelter. This curtailment is expected to be completed in the first half of 2012. This curtailment may lead to the permanent closure of the facility. Additionally, in 2010, the Fusina smelter was temporarily curtailed due to high energy costs. As of June 30, 2010, the Fusina smelter was fully curtailed.

Alcoa’s smelters at San Ciprián, La Coruña and Avilés, Spain purchase electricity under bilateral power contracts that commenced in May 2009 and are due to expire on December 31, 2012. Prior to the establishment of power supply under the bilateral contracts, Alcoa was supplied under a regulated power tariff. On January 25, 2007, the EC announced that it has opened an investigation to establish whether the regulated electricity tariffs granted by Spain comply with EU state aid rules. Alcoa operated in Spain for more than ten years under a power supply structure approved by the Spanish Government in 1986, an equivalent tariff having been granted in 1983. The investigation is limited to the year 2005 and it is focused both on the energy-intensive consumers and the distribution companies. It is Alcoa’s understanding that the Spanish tariff system for electricity is in conformity with all applicable laws and regulations, and therefore no state aid is present in that tariff system. A decision by the EC has not yet been made. If the EC’s investigation concludes that the regulated electricity tariffs for industries are unlawful, Alcoa will have an opportunity to challenge the decision in the EU courts. Due to an uncompetitive energy position, combined with rising raw material costs and falling aluminum prices, in early January 2012, Alcoa announced its intentions to partially and temporarily curtail its La Coruña and Avilés, Spain smelters. The curtailments are expected to be complete by the first half of 2012.

In March 2009, Alcoa and Orkla ASA exchanged respective stakes in the Sapa AB and Elkem Aluminium ANS companies. Pursuant to the exchange, Alcoa assumed 100% ownership of the two smelters in Norway, Lista and Mosjøen, at the end of the first quarter of 2009. These smelters have long-term power arrangements in place which continue until at least 2019.

Iceland – Electricity

Alcoa’s Fjarðaál smelter in eastern Iceland began operation in 2007. Central to those operations is a 40-year power contract under which Landsvirkjun, the Icelandic national power company, built the Kárahnjúkar dam and hydro-power project, and supplies competitively priced electricity to the smelter. In late 2009, Iceland imposed two new taxes on power intensive industries, both for a period of three years, from 2010 through 2012. One tax is based on energy consumption; the other is a pre-payment of certain other charges, and will be recoverable from 2013 through 2015.

North America – Natural Gas

In order to supply its refineries and smelters in the U.S. and Canada, Alcoa generally procures natural gas on a competitive bid basis from a variety of sources including producers in the gas production areas and independent gas marketers. For Alcoa’s larger consuming locations in Canada and the U.S., the gas commodity and the interstate

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pipeline transportation are procured to provide increased flexibility and reliability. Contract pricing for gas is typically based on a published industry index or New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) price. The company may choose to reduce its exposure to NYMEX pricing by hedging a portion of required natural gas consumption.

Australia – Natural Gas

Alcoa of Australia (AofA) holds a 20% equity interest in a consortium that bought the Dampier-to-Bunbury natural gas pipeline in October 2004. This pipeline transports gas from the northwest gas fields to Alcoa’s alumina refineries and other users in the Southwest of Western Australia. AofA uses gas to co-generate steam and electricity for its alumina refining processes at the Kwinana, Pinjarra and Wagerup refineries. Approximately 85% of AofA’s gas supplies are under long-term contract out to 2020. AofA is progressing multiple supply options to replace expiring contracts, including investing directly in projects that have the potential to deliver cost-based gas.

Patents, Trade Secrets and Trademarks

The company believes that its domestic and international patent, trade secret and trademark assets provide it with a significant competitive advantage. The company’s rights under its patents, as well as the products made and sold under them, are important to the company as a whole and, to varying degrees, important to each business segment. The patents owned by Alcoa generally concern particular products or manufacturing equipment or techniques. Alcoa’s business as a whole is not, however, materially dependent on any single patent, trade secret or trademark.

The company has a number of trade secrets, mostly regarding manufacturing processes and material compositions that give many of its businesses important advantages in their markets. The company continues to strive to improve those processes and generate new material compositions that provide additional benefits.

The company also has a number of domestic and international registered trademarks that have significant recognition within the markets that are served. Examples include the name “Alcoa” and the Alcoa symbol for aluminum products, Howmet metal castings, Huck® fasteners, Kawneer® building panels and Dura-Bright® wheels with easy-clean surface treatments. The company’s rights under its trademarks are important to the company as a whole and, to varying degrees, important to each business segment.

Competitive Conditions

Alcoa is subject to highly competitive conditions in all aspects of its aluminum and non-aluminum businesses. Competitors include a variety of both U.S. and non-U.S. companies in all major markets. Price, quality, and service are the principal competitive factors in Alcoa’s markets. Where aluminum products compete with other materials – such as steel and plastics for automotive and building applications; magnesium, titanium, composites, and plastics for aerospace and defense applications – aluminum’s diverse characteristics, particularly its light weight, recyclability, and flexibility are also significant factors. For Alcoa’s segments that market products under Alcoa’s brand names, brand recognition, and brand loyalty also play a role. In addition Alcoa’s competitive position depends, in part, on the company’s access to an economical power supply to sustain its operations in various countries.

Research and Development

Alcoa, a technology leader in the aluminum industry, engages in research and development programs that include process and product development, and basic and applied research. Expenditures for research and development (R&D) activities were $184 million in 2011, $174 million in 2010, and $169 million in 2009.

Most of the major process areas within the company have a Technology Management Review Board (TMRB) or Center of Excellence (CoE) consisting of members from various worldwide locations. Each TMRB or CoE is responsible for formulating and communicating a technology strategy for the corresponding process area, developing and managing the technology portfolio and ensuring the global transfer of technology. Alternatively, certain business

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units conduct these activities and research and development programs within the worldwide business unit, supported by the Alcoa Technical Center (ATC). Technical personnel from the TMRBs, ATC and such business units also participate in the corresponding Market Sector Teams. In this manner, research and development activities are aligned with corporate and business unit goals.

During 2011, the company continued to work on new developments for a number of strategic projects in all business segments. In Primary Metals, progress was made on inert anode technology with tests carried out on a pilot scale. Progress has been successful in many respects as a result of full pot testing of anode assemblies, although there remain technical and cost targets to achieve. If the technology proves to be commercially feasible, the company believes that it would result in significant operating cost savings, and generate environmental benefits by reducing certain emissions and eliminating carbon dioxide. No timetable has been established for commercial use. The company is also continuing to develop the carbothermic aluminum process, which is in the research and development phase. The technology holds the potential to produce aluminum at a lower cost, driven by reduced conversion costs, lower energy requirements and lower emissions at a lower capital cost than traditional smelting.

The company continued its progress leveraging new science and technologies in 2011. For example, riblets that reduce aerodynamic drag have been analyzed and produced on a test basis. Self-cleaning nano coatings have been demonstrated on building products (an example of such was commercialized in 2011 as EcoClean, which is the world’s first coil-coated aluminum architectural panel that helps clean itself and the air around it). Energy saving sensing devices are being integrated in company manufacturing plants. Integrated thermal management products for consumer electronics have been developed and are being validated by our customers.

A number of products were commercialized in 2011 including new fasteners, new aerospace alloy products for reducing structural weight, cost and production risk, self-cleaning EcoClean® coated building panels, and new armor plate alloy solutions. The company continues to develop its Micromill™ technology. Scale-up to full commercial width has been successful. Product development continues, and commercialization has commenced. In addition, previously developed products such as Alcoa’s LvL ONE® wide base aluminum wheel continue to receive accolades, such as being selected as a “Top 5” Product of 2010 by Heavy Duty Aftermarket Journal.

Alcoa’s research and development focus is on product development to support sustainable, profitable growth; manufacturing technologies to improve efficiencies and reduce costs; and on environmental risk reductions. Environmental technologies continue to be an area of focus for the company, with projects underway that address emissions reductions, the reduction of spent pot lining, advanced recycling, and the beneficial use of bauxite residue.

As a result of product development and technological advancement, the company continues to pursue patent protection in jurisdictions throughout the world. At the end of 2011, the company’s worldwide patent portfolio consisted of 870 pending patent applications and 1,895 granted patents.

Environmental Matters

Information relating to environmental matters is included in Note N to the Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption “Environmental Matters” on pages 114-117.

Employees

Total worldwide employment at the end of 2011 was approximately 61,000 employees in 31 countries. About 31,000 of these employees are represented by labor unions. The company believes that relations with its employees and any applicable union representatives generally are good.

In the U.S., approximately 9,500 employees are represented by various labor unions. The largest of these is the master collective bargaining agreement between Alcoa and the United Steelworkers (USW). This agreement covers 10 locations and approximately 6,100 U.S. employees. It expires on May 15, 2014. There are 16 other collective

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bargaining agreements in the U.S. with varying expiration dates. Collective bargaining agreements with varying expiration dates also cover about 6,300 employees in Europe, 3,900 employees in Russia, 4,000 employees in Central and South America, 3,800 employees in Australia, 1,100 employees in China and 2,200 employees in Canada.

Executive Officers of the Registrant

The names, ages, positions and areas of responsibility of the executive officers of the company as of February 16, 2012 are listed below.

Nicholas J. Ashooh, 57, Vice President, Corporate Affairs. Mr. Ashooh was elected to his current position upon joining Alcoa in January 2010. Before joining Alcoa, he was Senior Vice President – Communications of American International Group, Inc. (AIG), a leading international insurance organization, from September 2006 to January 2010. Prior to AIG, he held executive communication positions in the electric utility industry as Senior Vice President, Corporate Communications of American Electric Power Service Corporation (2000 to 2006); Vice President, Public Affairs and Corporate Communications of Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation (1992 to 2000); and Director, Corporate Communications of Public Service of New Hampshire (1978 to 1990). From 1990 to 1992, he was Vice President, Corporate Communications of Paramount Communications Inc., a global entertainment and publishing company.

Chris L. Ayers, 45, Executive Vice President – Alcoa and Group President, Global Primary Products. Mr. Ayers was elected an Alcoa Executive Vice President in August 2010 and was named Group President, Global Primary Products effective May 18, 2011. He served as Chief Operating Officer of Global Primary Products from August 2010 to May 18, 2011. He was elected a Vice President of Alcoa in April 2010. Mr. Ayers joined Alcoa in February 2010 as Chief Operating Officer, Alcoa Cast, Forged and Extruded Products. Before joining Alcoa, from 1999 through December 2008, Mr. Ayers served in various management roles at Precision Castparts Corp., including as Executive Vice President from May 2006 to July 2008, President – PCC Forgings Division from December 2006 to July 2008, President – Wyman Gordon Forgings from 2004 to December 2006, and Vice President/General Manager from 2003 to 2004.

John D. Bergen, 69, Vice President, Human Resources. Mr. Bergen was named to his current position effective February 1, 2010. He joined Alcoa in November 2008 as Vice President, Communications and from that time to his most recent appointment had responsibility for global external and internal communications, government affairs and e-business for Alcoa. Mr. Bergen was Senior Vice President, Corporate Affairs and Marketing, of Siemens Corporation, the U.S. arm of Siemens AG, from 2001 to 2008. Before that, he held senior communication positions for CBS Corporation and Westinghouse Electric Corporation (1996 to 1998). From 1991 to 1996, he was President and Chief Executive Officer of GCI Group, an international public relations and government affairs firm.

Graeme W. Bottger, 53, Vice President and Controller. Mr. Bottger was elected to his current position effective August 1, 2010. He joined Alcoa in 1980 as a product accountant trainee at Alcoa’s Point Henry facility in Australia and from that time to his most recent appointment held a series of accounting and financial management positions in Alcoa’s Australian smelting, rolling, extrusion, foil and alumina businesses and Alcoa’s corporate office. Mr. Bottger was Chief Financial Officer of Alcoa’s Engineered Products and Solutions business group from 2005 to August 2010. From 2003 to 2005, he was Vice President, Sales, for Alcoa Home Exteriors. From 2001 to 2003, Mr. Bottger was Vice President, Finance for Alcoa Home Exteriors. Before his move to the United States in 1999 to accept an assignment in Alcoa’s financial analysis and planning department, Mr. Bottger held the position of Chief Financial Officer for Alcoa’s joint venture with Kobe Steel, Ltd. in Australia (Kaal Australia Pty. Ltd.).

Olivier M. Jarrault, 50, Executive Vice President – Alcoa and Group President, Engineered Products and Solutions. Mr. Jarrault was elected an Alcoa Executive Vice President effective January 21, 2011 and was named Group President of Engineered Products and Solutions effective January 1, 2011. He served as Chief Operating Officer of Engineered Products and Solutions from February 2010 to January 1, 2011. Mr. Jarrault joined Alcoa in 2002 when Alcoa acquired Fairchild Fasteners from The Fairchild Corporation. He served as President of Alcoa Fastening Systems from 2002 to February 2010. He was elected a Vice President of Alcoa in November 2006.

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Klaus Kleinfeld, 54, Director, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Kleinfeld was elected to Alcoa’s Board of Directors in November 2003 and became Chairman on April 23, 2010. He has been Chief Executive Officer of Alcoa since May 8, 2008. He was President and Chief Executive Officer from May 8, 2008 to April 23, 2010. He was President and Chief Operating Officer of Alcoa from October 1, 2007 to May 8, 2008. Mr. Kleinfeld was President and Chief Executive Officer of Siemens AG, the global electronics and industrial conglomerate, from January 2005 to June 2007. He served as Deputy Chairman of the Managing Board and Executive Vice President of Siemens AG from 2004 to January 2005. He was President and Chief Executive Officer of Siemens Corporation, the U.S. arm of Siemens AG, from 2002 to 2004.

Charles D. McLane, Jr., 58, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Mr. McLane was elected an Alcoa Executive Vice President in September 2007 and was elected Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Alcoa in January 2007. He was elected Vice President and Corporate Controller in October 2002. He joined Alcoa in May 2000 as director of investor relations, following Alcoa’s merger with Reynolds Metals Company. He became Assistant Treasurer of Reynolds in 1999 and Assistant Controller of that company in 1995.

Kay H. Meggers, 47, Executive Vice President – Alcoa and Group President, Global Rolled Products. Mr. Meggers was elected an Alcoa Executive Vice President in December 2011. He was named Group President, Global Rolled Products effective November 14, 2011. Before his most recent appointment, he led Alcoa’s Business Excellence/Corporate Strategy resource unit and was also responsible for overseeing Alcoa’s Asia-Pacific region. He joined Alcoa in February 2010 as Vice President, Corporate Initiatives, a position responsible for planning and coordinating major strategic initiatives from enhancing technology and innovation as part of the Alcoa Technology Advantage program to spearheading growth strategies for China and Brazil. He was elected a Vice President of Alcoa in June 2011. Before joining Alcoa, Mr. Meggers was Senior Vice President at Siemens U.S. Building Technologies Division and served for three years as Business Unit Head of Building Automation. In 2006 he served for nine months as Division Head of Fire Safety, also part of Siemens U.S. Building Technologies Division. Between 2002 and 2005, he served as Vice President of Strategic Planning at Siemens U.S.

Kurt R. Waldo, 56, Executive Vice President, Chief Legal and Compliance Officer. Mr. Waldo was elected to his current position effective January 20, 2012. He joined Alcoa’s Legal Department in 1980 and served in a series of positions of increasing responsibility in the Legal Department from that time to his most recent appointment. He was elected Vice President and General Counsel of Alcoa in September 2008; Deputy General Counsel in April 2007; and Assistant General Counsel in August 1999. He served as Senior Counsel from 1991 to August 1999; and as European Regional Counsel from 1987 to 1991, based in Lausanne, Switzerland.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Alcoa’s business, financial condition or results of operations may be impacted by a number of factors. In addition to the factors discussed separately in this report, the following are the most significant factors that could cause Alcoa’s actual results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statements:

The aluminum industry generally remains highly cyclical and is influenced by a number of factors including global economic conditions.

The aluminum industry generally is highly cyclical. Alcoa is subject to cyclical fluctuations in global economic conditions and aluminum end-use markets. Demand for our products is sensitive to these fluctuations. For example, 2011 was a turbulent year in the world economy, characterized by an uneven recovery in many regions and prolonged volatility and crisis in others, namely Europe. Demand for aluminum started strong at the beginning of the year but weakened in the second half. While Alcoa believes that the long-term prospects for aluminum remain bright, the company is unable to predict the future course of industry variables or the strength, pace or sustainability of the economic recovery and the effects of government intervention. Another major economic downturn, a prolonged recovery period, or disruptions in the financial markets could have a material, adverse effect on Alcoa’s business or financial condition or results of operations.

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Market-driven balancing of global aluminum supply and demand may be disrupted by non-market forces or other impediments to production closures.

Alcoa and certain other aluminum producers have recently announced independent plans to cut aluminum production capacity. For Alcoa these decisions were a function of market-driven factors. However, the existence of non-market forces on global aluminum industry capacity, such as political pressures in certain countries to keep jobs or to maintain or further develop industry self-sufficiency, may prevent or delay the closure or curtailment of certain producers’ smelters, irrespective of their position on the industry cost curve. Other production cuts may be impeded by long-term contracts to buy power or raw materials. Persistent industry overcapacity may result in a weak pricing environment and margin compression for aluminum producers, including Alcoa.

A reduction in demand (or a lack of increased demand) for aluminum by China, Europe or a combined number of other countries may negatively impact Alcoa’s results.

The aluminum industry’s demand is highly correlated to economic growth. The Chinese market is a significant source of global demand for commodities, including aluminum. A sustained slowdown in China’s economic and aluminum demand growth that is not offset by increased aluminum demand growth in other emerging economies such as India, Brazil, and several South East Asian countries, or the combined slowdown in other markets, could have an adverse effect on the global supply and demand for aluminum and aluminum prices. The European sovereign debt crisis could have an adverse effect on European supply and demand for aluminum and aluminum products.

Alcoa could be materially adversely affected by declines in aluminum prices.

The price of aluminum is frequently volatile and changes in response to general economic conditions, expectations for supply and demand growth or contraction, and the level of global inventories. The influence of hedge funds and other financial institutions participating in commodity markets has also increased in recent years, contributing to higher levels of price volatility. In 2011, the LME price reached a high in excess of $2,700 per metric ton and by the end of the year declined to below $2,000 per metric ton. This decline had a negative impact on Alcoa’s results in the second half of the year. Continued high LME inventories could lead to a reduction in the price of aluminum. A sustained weak aluminum pricing environment or a deterioration in aluminum prices could have a material, adverse effect on Alcoa’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow.

Alcoa’s operations consume substantial amounts of energy; profitability may decline if energy costs rise or if energy supplies are interrupted.

Alcoa’s operations consume substantial amounts of energy. Although Alcoa generally expects to meet the energy requirements for its alumina refineries and primary aluminum smelters from internal sources or from long-term contracts, the following factors could affect Alcoa’s results of operations:

| • |  | significant increases in electricity costs rendering smelter operations uneconomic;

| • |  | significant increases in fuel oil or natural gas prices;

| • |  | unavailability of electrical power or other energy sources due to droughts, hurricanes or other natural causes;

| • |  | unavailability of energy due to energy shortages resulting in insufficient supplies to serve consumers;

| • |  | interruptions in energy supply or unplanned outages due to equipment failure or other causes; or

| • |  | curtailment of one or more refineries or smelters due to inability to extend energy contracts upon expiration or negotiate new arrangements on cost-effective terms or unavailability of energy at competitive rates.

Alcoa’s profitability could be adversely affected by increases in the cost of raw materials or by significant lag effects for decreases in commodity or LME-linked costs.

Alcoa’s results of operations are affected by changes in the cost of raw materials, including energy, carbon products, caustic soda and other key inputs, as well as freight costs associated with transportation of raw materials to refining and

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smelting locations. Higher than expected input costs could lead to underperformance. Alcoa may not be able to offset fully the effects of higher raw material costs or energy costs through price increases, productivity improvements or cost reduction programs. Similarly, Alcoa’s operating results are affected by significant lag effects for declines in key costs of production that are commodity or LME-linked. For example, declines in LME-linked costs of alumina and power during a particular period may not be adequate to offset sharp declines in metal price in that period.

Alcoa is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, as well as inflation, and other economic factors in the countries in which it operates.

Economic factors, including inflation and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, competitive factors in the countries in which Alcoa operates, and continued volatility or deterioration in the global economic and financial environment could affect Alcoa’s revenues, expenses and results of operations. Changes in the valuation of the U.S. dollar against other currencies, particularly the Australian dollar, Brazilian real, Canadian dollar, Euro and Norwegian kroner, may affect profitability as some important raw materials are purchased in other currencies, whereas products are generally sold in U.S. dollars.

Alcoa may not be able to realize expected benefits from its growth projects or streamlining portfolio strategy.

Alcoa’s growth projects include the Ma’aden joint venture, the now-completed São Luís refinery expansion, the greenfield Juruti bauxite mine, the ongoing Estreito hydroelectric power project in Brazil and the China and Russia growth projects. Management believes that these projects will be beneficial to Alcoa; however, there is no assurance that these benefits will be realized, whether due to unfavorable global economic conditions, currency fluctuations, or other factors, or that the remaining construction, start-up activities and testing on the Estreito project will be completed as planned by the targeted completion date.

Alcoa has made and may continue to plan and execute acquisitions and divestitures and take other actions to streamline and grow its portfolio. There can be no assurance that such actions will be undertaken or completed in their entirety as planned or beneficial to Alcoa or that targeted completion dates will be met. In addition, acquisitions present significant challenges and risks relating to the integration of the business into the company, and there can be no assurances that the company will manage acquisitions successfully. Alcoa may face barriers to exit from unprofitable businesses or operations, including high exit costs or objections from various stakeholders.

Alcoa may not be able to successfully realize goals established in each of its four business segments or by the dates targeted for such goals.

Alcoa has announced targets for each of its four major business segments, including the following:

| • |  | by 2015, driving the alumina business down into the first quartile of the industry cost curve and realizing profit levels (per mt) that are beyond its recent historic norms;

| • |  | by 2015, driving the smelting business down into the second quartile of the industry cost curve and increasing profitability (per mt) beyond the company’s past ten-year average;

| • |  | by 2013, increasing the revenues of the Flat-Rolled Products segment by $2.5 billion by growing 50% faster than the market and achieving performance levels above its historic norms; and

| • |  | by 2013, increasing the revenues of the Engineered Products and Solutions segment by $1.6 billion, through market growth, new product introductions, and share gains.

There can be no assurance that all of these initiatives will be completed as anticipated or that Alcoa will be able to successfully realize these goals at the targeted levels or by the projected dates.

Joint ventures and other strategic alliances may not be successful.

Alcoa participates in joint ventures and has formed strategic alliances and may enter into other similar arrangements in the future. For example, in December 2009, Alcoa announced that it formed a joint venture with Ma’aden, the Saudi Arabian Mining Company, to develop a fully integrated aluminum complex (including a bauxite mine, alumina

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refinery, aluminum smelter and rolling mill) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In 2011, Alcoa entered into a Memorandum of Understanding followed by a Letter of Intent with China Power Investment Corporation (CPI) which provides a framework for the creation of a joint venture entity with plans to target growth in the Chinese automotive, aerospace, packaging, and consumer electronic markets. Although the company has, in relation to the Ma’aden joint venture and its other existing joint ventures and strategic alliances, sought to protect its interests, joint ventures and strategic alliances necessarily involve special risks. Whether or not Alcoa holds majority interests or maintains operational control in such arrangements, its partners may:

| • |  | have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with or opposed to those of the company;

| • |  | exercise veto rights so as to block actions that Alcoa believes to be in its or the joint venture’s or strategic alliance’s best interests;

| • |  | take action contrary to Alcoa’s policies or objectives with respect to its investments; or

| • |  | as a result of financial or other difficulties, be unable or unwilling to fulfill their obligations under the joint venture, strategic alliance or other agreements, such as contributing capital to expansion or maintenance projects.

In addition, the joint venture with Ma’aden is subject to risks associated with large infrastructure construction projects, including the consequences of non-compliance with the timeline and other requirements under the gas supply arrangements for the joint venture. Also, while financing is in place for the project, there can be no guaranteed assurance that the project as a whole will be completed within budget or that the project phases will be completed by their targeted completion dates, or that it or Alcoa’s other joint ventures or strategic alliances will be beneficial to Alcoa, whether due to the above-described risks, unfavorable global economic conditions, increases in construction costs, currency fluctuations, political risks, or other factors.

Alcoa faces significant competition.

As discussed in Part I, Item 1. (Business – Competitive Conditions) of this report, the markets for most aluminum products are highly competitive. Alcoa’s competitors include a variety of both U.S. and non-U.S. companies in all major markets, including some that are subsidized. In addition, aluminum competes with other materials, such as steel, plastics, composites, and glass, among others, for various applications in Alcoa’s key markets. The willingness of customers to accept substitutions for the products sold by Alcoa, the ability of large customers to exert leverage in the marketplace to affect the pricing for fabricated aluminum products, or other developments by or affecting Alcoa’s competitors or customers could affect Alcoa’s results of operations. In addition, Alcoa’s competitive position depends, in part, on the company’s access to an economical power supply to sustain its operations in various countries.

Further metals industry consolidation could impact Alcoa’s business.

The metals industry has experienced consolidation over the past several years, and there may be further industry consolidation in the future. Although current industry consolidation has not negatively impacted Alcoa’s business, further consolidation in the aluminum industry could possibly have negative impacts that we cannot reliably predict.

Failure to maintain investment grade credit ratings could limit Alcoa’s ability to obtain future financing, increase its borrowing costs, adversely affect the market price of its existing securities, or otherwise impair its business, financial condition and results of operations.

Currently, Alcoa’s long-term debt is rated BBB- with stable outlook by Standard and Poor’s Ratings Services; Baa3 with stable outlook by Moody’s Investors Services; and BBB- with stable outlook by Fitch Ratings. There can be no assurance that any rating assigned will remain in effect for any given period of time or that a rating will not be lowered, suspended or withdrawn entirely by a rating agency, if, in that rating agency’s judgment, circumstances so warrant. Maintaining an investment-grade credit rating is an important element of Alcoa’s financial strategy. A downgrade of Alcoa’s credit ratings could adversely affect the market price of its securities, adversely affect existing financing, limit access to the capital or credit markets or otherwise adversely affect the availability of other new financing on favorable terms, if at all, result in more restrictive covenants in agreements governing the terms of any future indebtedness that the company incurs, increase the cost of borrowing, or impair its business, financial condition and results of operations.

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In addition, under the project financings for the joint venture project in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a downgrade of Alcoa’s credit ratings below investment grade by at least two rating agencies would require Alcoa to provide a letter of credit or fund an escrow account for a portion or all of Alcoa’s remaining equity commitment to the joint venture. For additional information regarding the project financings, see Note I to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) of this report.

Alcoa could be adversely affected by the failure of financial institutions to fulfill their commitments under committed credit facilities.

As discussed in Part II, Item 7. (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources) of this report, Alcoa has a committed revolving credit facility with financial institutions available for its use, for which the company pays commitment fees. The facility is provided by a syndicate of several financial institutions, with each institution agreeing severally (and not jointly) to make revolving credit loans to Alcoa in accordance with the terms of the credit agreement. If one or more of the financial institutions providing the committed credit facility were to default on its obligation to fund its commitment, the portion of the committed facility provided by such defaulting financial institution would not be available to the company.

Alcoa may not be able to realize expected benefits from the change to index pricing of alumina.

Alcoa has implemented a move to a pricing mechanism for alumina based on an index of alumina prices rather than a percentage of the LME-based aluminum price. Alcoa believes that this change, expected to affect approximately 20% of annual contracts coming up for renewal each year, will more fairly reflect the fundamentals of alumina including raw materials and other input costs involved. There can be no assurance that such index pricing ultimately will be accepted or that such index pricing will result in consistently greater profitability from sales of alumina.

Alcoa’s global operations are exposed to political and economic risks, commercial instability and events beyond its control in the countries in which it operates.

Alcoa has operations or activities in numerous countries and regions outside the U.S. having varying degrees of political and economic risk, including China, Europe, Guinea, Russia, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, among others. Risks include those associated with sovereign and private debt default, political instability, civil unrest, expropriation, nationalization, renegotiation or nullification of existing agreements, mining leases and permits, commercial instability caused by corruption, and changes in local government laws, regulations and policies, including those related to tariffs and trade barriers, taxation, exchange controls, employment regulations and repatriation of earnings. While the impact of these factors is difficult to predict, any one or more of them could adversely affect Alcoa’s business, financial condition or operating results.

Alcoa could be adversely affected by changes in the business or financial condition of a significant customer or customers.

A significant downturn or further deterioration in the business or financial condition of a key customer or customers supplied by Alcoa could affect Alcoa’s results of operations in a particular period. Alcoa’s customers may experience delays in the launch of new products, labor strikes, diminished liquidity or credit unavailability, weak demand for their products, or other difficulties in their businesses. If Alcoa is not successful in replacing business lost from such customers, profitability may be adversely affected.

Alcoa may be exposed to significant legal proceedings, investigations or changes in U.S. federal, state or foreign law, regulation or policy.

Alcoa’s results of operations or liquidity in a particular period could be affected by new or increasingly stringent laws, regulatory requirements or interpretations, or outcomes of significant legal proceedings or investigations adverse to Alcoa. The company may experience a change in effective tax rates or become subject to unexpected or rising costs

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associated with business operations or provision of health or welfare benefits to employees due to changes in laws, regulations or policies. The company is also subject to a variety of legal compliance risks. These risks include, among other things, potential claims relating to product liability, health and safety, environmental matters, intellectual property rights, government contracts, taxes, and compliance with U.S. and foreign export laws, anti-bribery laws, competition laws and sales and trading practices. Alcoa could be subject to fines, penalties, damages (in certain cases, treble damages), or suspension or debarment from government contracts. While Alcoa believes it has adopted appropriate risk management and compliance programs to address and reduce these risks, the global and diverse nature of its operations means that these risks will continue to exist and additional legal proceedings and contingencies may arise from time to time. In addition, various factors or developments can lead the company to change current estimates of liabilities or make such estimates for matters previously not susceptible of reasonable estimates, such as a significant judicial ruling or judgment, a significant settlement, significant regulatory developments or changes in applicable law. A future adverse ruling or settlement or unfavorable changes in laws, regulations or policies, or other contingencies that the company cannot predict with certainty could have a material adverse effect on the company’s results of operations or cash flows in a particular period. For additional information regarding the legal proceedings involving the company, see the discussion in Part I, Item 3. (Legal Proceedings), of this report and in Note N to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data).

Alcoa is subject to a broad range of health, safety and environmental laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which it operates and may be exposed to substantial costs and liabilities associated with such laws and regulations.

Alcoa’s operations worldwide are subject to numerous complex and increasingly stringent health, safety and environmental laws and regulations. The costs of complying with such laws and regulations, including participation in assessments and cleanups of sites, as well as internal voluntary programs, are significant and will continue to be so for the foreseeable future. Environmental matters for which we may be liable may arise in the future at our present sites, where no problem is currently known, at previously owned sites, sites previously operated by us, sites owned by our predecessors or sites that we may acquire in the future. Alcoa’s results of operations or liquidity in a particular period could be affected by certain health, safety or environmental matters, including remediation costs and damages related to several sites. Additionally, evolving regulatory standards and expectations can result in increased litigation and/or increased costs, all of which can have a material and adverse effect on earnings and cash flows.

Climate change, climate change legislation or regulations and greenhouse effects may adversely impact Alcoa’s operations and markets.

Energy is a significant input in a number of Alcoa’s operations. There is growing recognition that consumption of energy derived from fossil fuels is a contributor to global warming.

A number of governments or governmental bodies have introduced or are contemplating legislative and regulatory change in response to the potential impacts of climate change. There is also current and emerging regulation, such as the mandatory renewable energy target in Australia, Australia’s carbon tax effective in 2012, Quebec’s transition to a “cap and trade” system with compliance required in 2013 and European direct emission regulations expected by 2013. Alcoa will likely see changes in the margins of greenhouse gas-intensive assets and energy-intensive assets as a result of regulatory impacts in the countries in which the company operates. These regulatory mechanisms may be either voluntary or legislated and may impact Alcoa’s operations directly or indirectly through customers or Alcoa’s supply chain. Inconsistency of regulations may also change the attractiveness of the locations of some of the company’s assets. Assessments of the potential impact of future climate change legislation, regulation and international treaties and accords are uncertain, given the wide scope of potential regulatory change in countries in which Alcoa operates. The company may realize increased capital expenditures resulting from required compliance with revised or new legislation or regulations, costs to purchase or profits from sales of, allowances or credits under a “cap and trade” system, increased insurance premiums and deductibles as new actuarial tables are developed to reshape coverage, a change in competitive position relative to industry peers and changes to profit or loss arising from increased or decreased demand for goods produced by the company and indirectly, from changes in costs of goods sold.

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The potential physical impacts of climate change on the company’s operations are highly uncertain, and will be particular to the geographic circumstances. These may include changes in rainfall patterns, shortages of water or other natural resources, changing sea levels, changing storm patterns and intensities, and changing temperature levels. These effects may adversely impact the cost, production and financial performance of Alcoa’s operations.

Adverse changes in discount rates, lower-than-expected investment return on pension assets and other factors could affect Alcoa’s results of operations or level of pension funding contributions in future periods.

Alcoa’s results of operations may be negatively affected by the amount of expense Alcoa records for its pension and other postretirement benefit plans. U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) require that Alcoa calculate income or expense for the plans using actuarial valuations. These valuations reflect assumptions about financial market and other economic conditions, which may change based on changes in key economic indicators. The most significant year-end assumptions used by Alcoa to estimate pension or other postretirement benefit income or expense for the following year are the discount rate and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. The large decline in our funded status in 2008 due to the financial crisis generated significant unrecognized actuarial losses. We anticipate that expense in future years will continue to be affected as the unrecognized losses are recognized in earnings. In addition, Alcoa is required to make an annual measurement of plan assets and liabilities, which may result in a significant charge to shareholders’ equity. For a discussion regarding how Alcoa’s financial statements can be affected by pension and other postretirement benefits accounting policies, see Part II, Item 7. (Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) under the caption “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits,” and Part II, Item 8. (Financial Statements and Supplementary Data) under Note W to the Consolidated Financial Statements—Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits. Although GAAP expense and pension funding contributions are not directly related, the key economic factors that affect GAAP expense would also likely affect the amount of cash or securities Alcoa would contribute to the pension plans. Potential pension contributions include both mandatory amounts required under federal law and discretionary contributions to improve the plans’ funded status. Higher than expected potential contributions due to a further decline in our funded status either by an additional decline in discount rates or a lower than expected investment return on plan assets could adversely affect our cash flows.

Union disputes and other employee relations issues could adversely affect Alcoa’s financial results.

A significant portion of Alcoa’s employees are represented by labor unions in a number of countries under various collective bargaining agreements with varying durations and expiration dates. While Alcoa was successful in renegotiating the master collective bargaining agreement with the United Steelworkers in June 2010, Alcoa may not be able to satisfactorily renegotiate other collective bargaining agreements in the U.S. and other countries when they expire. In addition, existing collective bargaining agreements may not prevent a strike or work stoppage at Alcoa’s facilities in the future. Alcoa may also be subject to general country strikes or work stoppages unrelated to its business or collective bargaining agreements. Any such work stoppages (or potential work stoppages) could have a material adverse effect on Alcoa’s financial results.

Alcoa’s human resource talent pool may not be adequate to support the company’s growth.

Alcoa’s existing operations and development projects require highly skilled executives, and staff with relevant industry and technical experience. The inability of the company and industry to attract and retain such people may adversely impact Alcoa’s ability to adequately meet project demands and fill roles in existing operations. Skills shortages in engineering, technical service, construction and maintenance contractors and other labor market inadequacies may also impact activities. These shortages may adversely impact the cost and schedule of development projects and the cost and efficiency of existing operations.

Alcoa may not realize expected long-term benefits from its productivity and cost-reduction initiatives.

Alcoa has undertaken, and may continue to undertake, productivity and cost-reduction initiatives to improve performance and conserve cash, including new procurement strategies for raw materials, such as backward integration and non-traditional sourcing from numerous geographies, and deployment of company-wide business process models, such as the Alcoa Business System and the Alcoa Enterprise Business Solution (an initiative designed to build a

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common global infrastructure across Alcoa for data, processes and supporting software). There is no assurance that these initiatives will all be completed or beneficial to Alcoa or that estimated cost savings from such activities will be realized.

Alcoa may not be able to successfully develop and implement technology initiatives.

Alcoa is working on developments in advanced smelting process technologies, including inert anode and carbothermic technology, in addition to multi-alloy casting processes. There can be no assurance that such technologies will be commercially feasible or beneficial to Alcoa.

Alcoa’s business and growth prospects may be negatively impacted by reductions in its capital expenditures.

Alcoa requires substantial capital to invest in greenfield and brownfield projects and to maintain and prolong the life and capacity of its existing facilities. For 2012, Alcoa has targeted generating positive cash flow from operations that will exceed capital spending. Insufficient cash generation may negatively impact Alcoa’s ability to fund as planned its sustaining and growth capital projects. Over the long term, Alcoa’s ability to take advantage of forecasted global demand growth for aluminum may be constrained by earlier capital expenditure restrictions, and the long-term value of its business could be adversely impacted. The company’s position in relation to its competitors may also deteriorate.

Alcoa may also need to address commercial and political issues in relation to its reductions in capital expenditures in certain of the jurisdictions in which it operates. If Alcoa’s interest in its joint ventures is diluted or it loses key concessions, its growth could be constrained. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the company’s business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

Unexpected events may increase Alcoa’s cost of doing business or disrupt Alcoa’s operations.

Unexpected events, including fires or explosions at facilities, natural disasters, war or terrorist activities, unplanned outages, supply disruptions, or failure of equipment or processes to meet specifications may increase the cost of doing business or otherwise impact Alcoa’s financial performance. Further, existing insurance arrangements may not provide protection for all of the costs that may arise from such events.

Cyber attacks may threaten the integrity of Alcoa’s trade secrets and sensitive intellectual property.

The company has identified attempts to gain unauthorized access through the Internet to our information systems. The purpose of these attempts appears to have been to establish command and control and then export company-sensitive data. To our knowledge, no such attack was ultimately successful. However, the success of such attacks and the resulting damage may only be clear over time and after intensive analysis. Should such an attack succeed, the impact may be material to the company in terms of lost intellectual property, trade secrets, product development data, and other business development data.

The above list of important factors is not all-inclusive or necessarily in order of importance.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2. Properties.

Alcoa’s principal office is located at 390 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10022-4608. Alcoa’s corporate center is located at 201 Isabella Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212-5858. The Alcoa Technical Center for research and development is located at 100 Technical Drive, Alcoa Center, Pennsylvania 15069.

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Alcoa leases some of its facilities; however, it is the opinion of management that the leases do not materially affect the continued use of the properties or the properties’ values.

Alcoa believes that its facilities are suitable and adequate for its operations. Although no title examination of properties owned by Alcoa has been made for the purpose of this report, the company knows of no material defects in title to any such properties. See Notes A and H to the financial statements for information on properties, plants and equipment.

Alcoa has active plants and holdings under the following segments and in the following geographic areas:

ALUMINA

Bauxite: See the table and related text in the Bauxite Interests section on pages 5-6 of this report.

Alumina: See the table and related text in the Alumina Refining Facilities and Capacity section on pages 7-8 of this report.

PRIMARY METALS

See the table and related text in the Primary Aluminum Facilities and Capacity section on pages 9-11 of this report.

FLAT-ROLLED PRODUCTS

See the table and related text in the Flat-Rolled Products Facilities section on pages 11-12 of this report.

ENGINEERED PRODUCTS AND SOLUTIONS

See the table and related text in the Engineered Products and Solutions Facilities section on pages 12-14 of this report.

CORPORATE

See the table and related text in the Corporate Facilities section on page 15 of this report.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

In the ordinary course of its business, Alcoa is involved in a number of lawsuits and claims, both actual and potential.

Litigation

As previously reported, along with various asbestos manufacturers and distributors, Alcoa and its subsidiaries as premises owners are defendants in several hundred active lawsuits filed on behalf of persons alleging injury predominantly as a result of occupational exposure to asbestos at various company facilities. In addition, an Alcoa subsidiary company has been named, along with a large common group of industrial companies, in a pattern complaint where the company’s involvement is not evident. Since 1999, several thousand such complaints have been filed. To date, the subsidiary has been dismissed from almost every case that was actually placed in line for trial. Alcoa, its subsidiaries and acquired companies, all have had numerous insurance policies over the years that provide coverage for asbestos based claims. Many of these policies provide layers of coverage for varying periods of time and for varying locations. Alcoa has significant insurance coverage and believes that its reserves are adequate for its known asbestos exposure related liabilities. The costs of defense and settlement have not been and are not expected to be material to the results of operations, cash flows, and financial position of the company.

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As previously reported, in November 2006, in Curtis v. Alcoa Inc., Civil Action No. 3:06cv448 (E.D. Tenn.), a class action was filed by plaintiffs representing approximately 13,000 retired former employees of Alcoa or Reynolds Metals Company and spouses and dependants of such retirees alleging violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and the Labor-Management Relations Act by requiring plaintiffs, beginning January 1, 2007, to pay health insurance premiums and increased co-payments and co-insurance for certain medical procedures and prescription drugs. Plaintiffs alleged these changes to their retiree health care plans violated their rights to vested health care benefits. Plaintiffs additionally alleged that Alcoa had breached its fiduciary duty to plaintiffs under ERISA by misrepresenting to them that their health benefits would never change. Plaintiffs sought injunctive and declaratory relief, back payment of benefits, and attorneys’ fees. Alcoa had consented to treatment of plaintiffs’ claims as a class action. During the fourth quarter of 2007, following briefing and argument, the court ordered consolidation of the plaintiffs’ motion for preliminary injunction with trial, certified a plaintiff class, bifurcated and stayed the plaintiffs’ breach of fiduciary duty claims, struck the plaintiffs’ jury demand, but indicated it would use an advisory jury, and set a trial date of September 17, 2008. In August 2008, the court set a new trial date of March 24, 2009 and, subsequently, the trial date was moved to September 22, 2009. In June 2009, the court indicated that it would not use an advisory jury at trial. Trial in the matter was held over eight days commencing September 22, 2009 and ending on October 1, 2009 in federal court in Knoxville, TN before the Honorable Thomas Phillips, U.S. District Court Judge. At the conclusion of evidence, the court set a post-hearing briefing schedule for submission of proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law by the parties and for replies to the same. Post trial briefing was submitted on December 4, 2009. On March 9, 2011, the court issued a judgment order dismissing plaintiffs’ lawsuit in its entirety with prejudice for the reasons stated in its Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law. On March 23, 2011, plaintiffs filed a motion for clarification and/or amendment of the judgment order, which seeks, among other things, a declaration that plaintiffs’ retiree benefits are vested subject to an annual cap and an injunction preventing Alcoa, prior to 2017, from modifying the plan design to which plaintiffs are subject or changing the premiums and deductibles that plaintiffs must pay. Also on March 23, 2011, plaintiffs filed a motion for award of attorney’s fees and expenses. Alcoa filed its opposition to both motions on April 11, 2011. The time for plaintiffs to appeal from the court’s March 9, 2011 judgment will not begin until the court disposes of these motions.

As previously reported, on February 27, 2008, Alcoa Inc. received notice that Aluminium Bahrain B.S.C. (Alba) had filed suit against Alcoa Inc. and Alcoa World Alumina LLC (collectively, “Alcoa”), and others, in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania (the “Court”), Civil Action number 08-299, styled Aluminium Bahrain B.S.C. v. Alcoa Inc., Alcoa World Alumina LLC, William Rice, and Victor Phillip Dahdaleh. The complaint alleges that certain Alcoa entities and their agents, including Victor Phillip Dahdaleh, have engaged in a conspiracy over a period of 15 years to defraud Alba. The complaint further alleges that Alcoa and its employees or agents (1) illegally bribed officials of the government of Bahrain and (or) officers of Alba in order to force Alba to purchase alumina at excessively high prices, (2) illegally bribed officials of the government of Bahrain and (or) officers of Alba and issued threats in order to pressure Alba to enter into an agreement by which Alcoa would purchase an equity interest in Alba, and (3) assigned portions of existing supply contracts between Alcoa and Alba for the sole purpose of facilitating alleged bribes and unlawful commissions. The complaint alleges that Alcoa and the other defendants violated the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) and committed fraud. Alba’s complaint seeks compensatory, consequential, exemplary, and punitive damages, rescission of the 2005 alumina supply contract, and attorneys’ fees and costs. Alba seeks treble damages with respect to its RICO claims.

On February 26, 2008, Alcoa Inc. had advised the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that it had recently become aware of these claims, had already begun an internal investigation, and intended to cooperate fully in any investigation that the DOJ or the SEC may commence. On March 17, 2008, the DOJ notified Alcoa that it had opened a formal investigation and Alcoa has been cooperating with the government.

In response to a motion filed by the DOJ on March 27, 2008, the Court ordered the suit filed by Alba to be administratively closed and that all discovery be stayed to allow the DOJ to fully conduct an investigation without the interference and distraction of ongoing civil litigation. The Court further ordered that the case will be reopened at the close of the DOJ’s investigation. On November 8, 2011, at Alcoa’s request, the Court removed the case from administrative stay and ordered Alba to file an Amended Complaint by November 28, 2011 and a RICO case statement

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30 days thereafter for the limited purpose of allowing Alcoa to move to dismiss Alba’s lawsuit. Pursuant to the November 8, 2011 order, briefing on the motion to dismiss is to be completed by March 2012. Separately, the DOJ’s and SEC’s investigations are ongoing. While Alcoa has been engaged in dialogue with both the DOJ and SEC, it is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss with regard to any of the governmental or private party matters discussed above, but such losses may be material in a particular period to Alcoa’s results of operations.

As previously reported, on July 21, 2008, the Teamsters Local #500 Severance Fund and the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority filed a shareholder derivative suit in the civil division of the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania against certain officers and directors of Alcoa claiming breach of fiduciary duty, gross mismanagement, and other violations. This derivative action stems from the civil litigation brought by Alba against Alcoa, AWA, Victor Phillip Dahdaleh, and others, and the subsequent investigation of Alcoa by the DOJ and the SEC with respect to Alba’s claims. This derivative action claims that the defendants caused or failed to prevent the matters alleged in the Alba lawsuit. The director defendants filed a motion to dismiss on November 21, 2008. On September 3, 2009, a hearing was held on Alcoa’s motion and, on October 12, 2009, the court issued its order denying Alcoa’s motion to dismiss but finding that a derivative action during the conduct of the DOJ investigation and pendency of the underlying complaint by Alba would be contrary to the interest of shareholders and, therefore, stayed the case until further order of the court. This derivative action is in its preliminary stages and the company is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss.

As previously reported, on March 6, 2009, the Philadelphia Gas Works Retirement Fund filed a shareholder derivative suit in the civil division of the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. This action was brought against certain officers and directors of Alcoa claiming breach of fiduciary duty and other violations and is based on the allegations made in the previously disclosed civil litigation brought by Alba against Alcoa, AWA, Victor Phillip Dahdaleh, and others, and the subsequent investigation of Alcoa by the DOJ and the SEC with respect to Alba’s claims. This derivative action claims that the defendants caused or failed to prevent the conduct alleged in the Alba lawsuit. On August 7, 2009, the director and officer defendants filed an unopposed motion to coordinate the case with the Teamsters Local #500 suit, described immediately above, in the Allegheny County Common Pleas Court. The Allegheny County court issued its order consolidating the case on September 18, 2009. Thereafter, on October 31, 2009, the court assigned this action to the Commerce and Complex Litigation division of the Allegheny Court of Common Pleas and on November 20, 2009, the court granted defendants’ motion to stay all proceedings in the Philadelphia Gas action until the earlier of the court lifting the stay in the Teamsters derivative action or further order of the court in this action. This derivative action is in its preliminary stages and the company is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss.

Before 2002, Alcoa purchased power in Italy in the regulated energy market and received a drawback of a portion of the price of power under a special tariff in an amount calculated in accordance with a published resolution of the Italian Energy Authority, Energy Authority Resolution n. 204/1999. In 2001, the Energy Authority published another resolution, which clarified that the drawback would be calculated in the same manner, and in the same amount, in either the regulated or unregulated market. At the beginning of 2002, Alcoa left the regulated energy market to purchase energy in the unregulated market. Subsequently, in 2004, the Energy Authority introduced regulation no. 148/2004 which set forth a different method for calculating the special tariff that would result in a different drawback for the regulated and unregulated markets. Alcoa challenged the new regulation in the Administrative Court of Milan and received a favorable judgment in 2006. Following this ruling, Alcoa continued to receive the power price drawback in accordance with the original calculation method, through 2009, when the European Commission declared all such special tariffs to be impermissible “state aid.” In 2010 the Energy Authority appealed the 2006 ruling to the Consiglio di Stato (final court of appeal). On December 2, 2011, the Consiglio di Stato ruled in favor of the Energy Authority and against Alcoa, thus presenting the opportunity for the energy regulators to seek reimbursement from Alcoa of an amount equal to the difference between the actual drawback amounts received over the relevant time period, and the drawback as it would have been calculated in accordance with regulation 148/2004. Any such reimbursement would have to be made by way of a separate claim to Alcoa from the energy authorities and, thus far, no such claim has been presented. At this time, the company is unable to reasonably predict an outcome for this matter.

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European Commission Matters

As previously reported, in July 2006, the European Commission (EC) announced that it had opened an investigation to establish whether an extension of the regulated electricity tariff granted by Italy to some energy-intensive industries complies with European Union (EU) state aid rules. The Italian power tariff extended the tariff that was in force until December 31, 2005 through November 19, 2009 (Alcoa has been incurring higher power costs at its smelters in Italy subsequent to the tariff end date). The extension was originally through 2010, but the date was changed by legislation adopted by the Italian Parliament effective on August 15, 2009. Prior to expiration of the tariff in 2005, Alcoa had been operating in Italy for more than 10 years under a power supply structure approved by the EC in 1996. That measure provided a competitive power supply to the primary aluminum industry and was not considered state aid from the Italian Government. The EC’s announcement expressed concerns about whether Italy’s extension of the tariff beyond 2005 was compatible with EU legislation and potentially distorted competition in the European market of primary aluminum, where energy is an important part of the production costs.

On November 19, 2009, the EC announced a decision in this matter stating that the extension of the tariff by Italy constituted unlawful state aid, in part, and, therefore, the Italian Government is to recover a portion of the benefit Alcoa received since January 2006 (including interest). The amount of this recovery will be based on a calculation that is being prepared by the Italian Government. Pending formal notification from the Italian Government, Alcoa estimates that a payment in the range of $300 to $500 million will be required (the timing of such payment is uncertain). In late 2009, after discussions with legal counsel and reviewing the bases on which the EC decided, including the different considerations cited in the EC decision regarding Alcoa’s two smelters in Italy, Alcoa recorded a charge of $250 million, including $20 million to write off a receivable from the Italian Government for amounts due under the now expired tariff structure. On April 19, 2010, Alcoa filed an appeal of this decision with the General Court of the EU. Alcoa will pursue all substantive and procedural legal steps available to annul the EC’s decision. On May 22, 2010, Alcoa also filed with the General Court a request for injunctive relief to suspend the effectiveness of the decision, but, on July 12, 2010, the General Court denied such request. On September 10, 2010, Alcoa appealed the July 12, 2010 decision to the European Court of Justice (ECJ); this appeal was dismissed on December 16, 2011.

On March 23, 2011, the EC announced that it has decided to refer the Italian Government to the ECJ for failure to comply with the EC’s November 19, 2009 decision.

Separately, on November 29, 2006, Alcoa filed an appeal before the General Court (formerly the European Court of First Instance) seeking the annulment of the EC’s decision to open an investigation alleging that such decision did not follow the applicable procedural rules. On March 25, 2009, the General Court denied Alcoa’s appeal. On May 29, 2009, Alcoa appealed the March 25, 2009 ruling before the ECJ. The hearing of the May 29, 2009 appeal was held on June 24, 2010. On July 21, 2011, the ECJ denied Alcoa’s appeal.

As previously reported, in January 2007, the EC announced that it had opened an investigation to establish whether the regulated electricity tariffs granted by Spain comply with EU state aid rules. At the time the EC opened its investigation, Alcoa had been operating in Spain for more than nine years under a power supply structure approved by the Spanish Government in 1986, an equivalent tariff having been granted in 1983. The investigation is limited to the year 2005 and is focused both on the energy-intensive consumers and the distribution companies. The investigation provided 30 days to any interested party to submit observations and comments to the EC. With respect to the energy-intensive consumers, the EC opened the investigation on the assumption that prices paid under the tariff in 2005 were lower than a pool price mechanism, therefore being, in principle, artificially below market conditions. Alcoa submitted comments in which the company provided evidence that prices paid by energy-intensive consumers were in line with the market, in addition to various legal arguments defending the legality of the Spanish tariff system. It is Alcoa’s understanding that the Spanish tariff system for electricity is in conformity with all applicable laws and regulations, and therefore no state aid is present in the tariff system. While Alcoa does not believe that an unfavorable decision is probable, management has estimated that the total potential impact from an unfavorable decision could be approximately $90 million (€70 million) pretax. Also, while Alcoa believes that any additional cost would only be

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assessed for the year 2005, it is possible that the EC could extend its investigation to later years. If the EC’s investigation concludes that the regulated electricity tariffs for industries are unlawful, Alcoa will have an opportunity to challenge the decision in the EU courts.

Environmental Matters

Alcoa is involved in proceedings under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, also known as Superfund (CERCLA) or analogous state provisions regarding the usage, disposal, storage or treatment of hazardous substances at a number of sites in the U.S. The company has committed to participate, or is engaged in negotiations with federal or state authorities relative to its alleged liability for participation, in clean-up efforts at several such sites. The most significant of these matters, including the remediation of the Grasse River in Massena, NY, are discussed in the Environmental Matters section of Note N to the Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption “Environmental Matters” on pages 114-117.

As previously reported, representatives of various U.S. federal and state agencies and a Native American tribe, acting in their capacities as trustees for natural resources (Trustees), have asserted that Alcoa and Reynolds Metals Company (Reynolds) may be liable for loss or damage to such resources under federal and state law based on Alcoa’s and Reynolds’ operations at their Massena, New York and St. Lawrence, New York facilities. While formal proceedings have not been instituted, the company has continued to actively investigate these claims. Pursuant to an agreement entered into with the Trustees in 1991, Alcoa and Reynolds had been working cooperatively with General Motors Corporation, which is facing similar claims by the Trustees, to assess potential injuries to natural resources in the region. With the bankruptcy of General Motors in 2009, Motors Liquidation Company (MLC) took over General Motors’ liability in this matter. In September 2009, MLC notified Alcoa and the Trustees that it would no longer participate in the cooperative process. Alcoa and the Trustees agreed to continue to work together cooperatively without MLC to resolve Alcoa’s and Reynolds’ natural resources damages liability in this matter. In January 2011, the Trustees, representing the United States, the State of New York and the Mohawk tribe, and Alcoa reached an agreement in principle to resolve the natural resource damage claims. The agreement is subject to final approval of the respective parties and will be subject to a federal court approved consent decree, including public notice and comment. Any upward adjustment in the remediation reserve would be taken in connection with the finalization of the settlement agreement.

As previously reported, in August 2005, Dany Lavoie, a resident of Baie Comeau in the Canadian Province of Québec, filed a Motion for Authorization to Institute a Class Action and for Designation of a Class Representative against Alcoa Canada Inc., Alcoa Limitée, Societe Canadienne de Metaux Reynolds Limitée and Canadian British Aluminum in the Superior Court of Québec in the District of Baie Comeau. Plaintiff seeks to institute the class action on behalf of a putative class consisting of all past, present and future owners, tenants and residents of Baie Comeau’s St. Georges neighborhood. He alleges that defendants, as the present and past owners and operators of an aluminum smelter in Baie Comeau, have negligently allowed the emission of certain contaminants from the smelter, specifically Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons or “PAHs”, that have been deposited on the lands and houses of the St. Georges neighborhood and its environs causing damage to the property of the putative class and causing health concerns for those who inhabit that neighborhood. Plaintiff originally moved to certify a class action, sought to compel additional remediation to be conducted by the defendants beyond that already undertaken by them voluntarily, sought an injunction against further emissions in excess of a limit to be determined by the court in consultation with an independent expert, and sought money damages on behalf of all class members. In May 2007, the court authorized a class action suit to include only people who suffered property damage or personal injury damages caused by the emission of PAHs from the smelter. In September 2007, the plaintiff filed his claim against the original defendants, which the court had authorized in May. Alcoa has filed its Statement of Defense and plaintiff has filed an Answer to that Statement. Alcoa also filed a Motion for Particulars with respect to certain paragraphs of plaintiff’s Answer and a Motion to Strike with respect to certain paragraphs of plaintiff’s Answer. In late 2010, the Court denied these motions. At this stage of the proceeding, the company is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss.

As previously reported, in January 2006, in Musgrave v. Alcoa, et al, Warrick Circuit Court, County of Warrick, Indiana; 87-C01-0601-CT-0006, Alcoa Inc. and a subsidiary were sued by an individual, on behalf of himself and all

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persons similarly situated, claiming harm from alleged exposure to waste that had been disposed in designated pits at the Squaw Creek Mine in the 1970s. During February 2007, class allegations were dropped and the matter now proceeds as an individual claim. Alcoa filed a renewed motion to dismiss (arguing that the claims are barred by the Indiana Workers’ Compensation Act), amended its answer to include Indiana’s Recreational Use Statute as an affirmative defense and filed a motion for summary judgment based on the Recreational Use Statute. The court granted Alcoa’s motion to dismiss regarding plaintiffs’ occupationally-related claims and denied the motion regarding plaintiffs’ recreationally-related claims. On January 17, 2012, the court denied all outstanding motions with no opinion issued. The trial date for this matter has been scheduled for 2012. There is some limited discovery ongoing in this matter. The company is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss.

Also as previously reported, in October 2006, in Barnett, et al. v. Alcoa and Alcoa Fuels, Inc., Warrick Circuit Court, County of Warrick, Indiana; 87-C01-0601-PL-499, forty-one plaintiffs sued Alcoa Inc. and a subsidiary, asserting claims similar to the Musgrave matter, discussed above. In November 2007, Alcoa Inc. and its subsidiary filed motions to dismiss both the Musgrave and Barnett cases. In October 2008, the Warrick County Circuit Court granted Alcoa’s motions to dismiss, dismissing all claims arising out of alleged occupational exposure to wastes at the Squaw Creek Mine, but in November 2008, the trial court clarified its ruling, indicating that the order does not dispose of plaintiffs’ personal injury claims based upon alleged “recreational” or non-occupational exposure. Plaintiffs also filed a “second amended complaint” in response to the court’s orders granting Alcoa’s motions to dismiss. On July 7, 2010, the court granted the parties’ joint motions for a general continuance of trial settings. Discovery in this matter is stayed pending the outcome of the Musgrave matter. The company is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss.

As previously reported, in 1996, Alcoa acquired the Fusina, Italy smelter and rolling operations and the Portovesme, Italy smelter (both of which are owned by Alcoa’s subsidiary, Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l.) from Alumix, an entity owned by the Italian Government. Alcoa also acquired the extrusion plants located in Feltre and Bolzano, Italy. At the time of the acquisition, Alumix indemnified Alcoa for pre-existing environmental contamination at the sites. In 2004, the Italian Ministry of Environment (MOE) issued orders to Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l. and Alumix for the development of a clean-up plan related to soil contamination in excess of allowable limits under legislative decree and to institute emergency actions and pay natural resource damages. On April 5, 2006, Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l.’s Fusina site was also sued by the MOE and Minister of Public Works (MOPW) in the Civil Court of Venice for an alleged liability for environmental damages, in parallel with the orders already issued by the MOE. Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l. appealed the orders, defended the civil case for environmental damages (which is still pending) and filed suit against Alumix, as discussed below. Similar issues also existed with respect to the Bolzano and Feltre plants, based on orders issued by local authorities in 2006. All the orders have been challenged in front of the Administrative Regional Courts, and all trials are still pending. However, in Bolzano the Municipality of Bolzano withdrew the order, and the Regional Administrative Tribunal of Veneto suspended the order in Feltre. Most, if not all, of the underlying activities occurred during the ownership of Alumix, the governmental entity that sold the Italian plants to Alcoa.

As noted above, in response to the 2006 civil suit by the MOE and MOPW, Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l. filed suit against Alumix claiming indemnification under the original acquisition agreement, but brought that suit in the Court of Rome due to jurisdictional rules. The Court of Rome has appointed an expert to assess the causes of the pollution. In June 2008, the parties (Alcoa and now Ligestra S.r.l. (Ligestra), the successor to Alumix) signed a preliminary agreement by which they have committed to pursue a settlement and asked for a suspension of the technical assessment during the negotiations. The Court of Rome accepted the request, and postponed the technical assessment, reserving its ability to fix the deadline depending on the development of negotiations. Alcoa and Ligestra agreed to a settlement in December 2008 with respect to the Feltre site. Ligestra paid the sum of 1.08 million Euros and Alcoa committed to clean up the site. Further postponements were granted by the Court of Rome, and the next hearing was fixed for November 2011. The trial was then suspended under the joint request of the parties, and will have to be restarted in 2012. In the meantime, in December 2009, Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l. and Ligestra reached an initial agreement for settlement of the liabilities related to Fusina. The settlement would also allow Alcoa to settle the 2006 civil suit by the MOE and MOPW for the environmental damages pending before the Civil Court of Venice. The agreement outlines an

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allocation of payments to the MOE for emergency action and natural resource damages and the scope and costs for a proposed soil remediation. In February 2011, a further and more detailed settlement relating to Fusina was reached, allocating 80% and 20% of the remediation costs to Ligestra and Alcoa, respectively. Later in 2011, Alcoa and Ligestra signed a similar agreement relating to the Portovesme site. The agreements are contingent upon final acceptance of the remediation project by the MOE. To provide time for settlement with Ligestra, the Minister of Environment and Alcoa jointly requested and the Civil Court of Venice has granted a series of postponements of hearings in the Venice trial, assuming that the case will be closed. The company is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss.

As previously reported, on November 30, 2010, Alcoa Alumínio S.A. (Alumínio) received service of a lawsuit that had been filed by the public prosecutors of the State of Pará in Brazil in November 2009. The suit names the company and the State of Pará, which, through its Environmental Agency, had issued the operating license for the company’s new bauxite mine in Juruti. The suit concerns the impact of the project on the region’s water system and alleges that certain conditions of the original installation license were not met by the company. In the lawsuit, plaintiffs requested a preliminary injunction suspending the operating license and ordering payment of compensation. On April 14, 2010, the court denied plaintiffs’ request. Alumínio presented its defense in March 2011, on grounds that it was in compliance with the terms and conditions of its operating license, which included plans to mitigate the impact of the project on the region’s water system. In April, 2011, the State of Pará defended itself in the case asserting that the operating license contains the necessary plans to mitigate such impact, that the State monitors the performance of Aluminio’s obligations arising out of such license, that the licensing process is valid and legal, and that the suit is meritless. This proceeding is in its preliminary stage and the company is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss.

As previously reported, by an amended complaint filed April 21, 2005, Alcoa Global Fasteners, Inc. was added as a defendant in Orange County Water District (the “Plaintiff”) v. Northrop Corporation, et al., civil action 04cc00715 (Superior Court of California, County of Orange). Plaintiff alleges contamination or threatened contamination of a drinking water aquifer by Alcoa, certain of the entities that preceded Alcoa at the same locations as property owners and/or operators, and other current and former industrial and manufacturing businesses that operated in Orange County in past decades. Currently thirteen original defendants remain in the case. Plaintiff seeks to recover the cost of aquifer remediation and attorney’s fees. This matter was stayed as to all parties during the initial period of a bankruptcy case by a co-defendant; the stay has now been lifted as to Alcoa and all other defendants except the bankrupt co-defendant. Trial for the remaining original defendants began and was adjourned on February 10, 2012, to allow plaintiff to complete expert discovery without breaching a five-year mandatory dismissal statute. The trial is scheduled to reconvene on or about March 26, 2012. Third party complaints against cross-defendants are stayed until a future phase of trial at a yet-to-be-determined date. Plaintiff has asserted a total remedy cost of $150 million plus attorneys’ fees. Defendants do not believe such costs are consistent with appropriate remediation standards. Alcoa contends that its liability, if any could be established, is minimal. A similar matter, Orange County Water District v. Sabic, et al, civil action 30-2008-00078246 (Superior Court of California, County of Orange) was filed against Alcoa Global Fasteners, Inc. on June 23, 2008. This matter also alleges contamination or threatened contamination of a drinking water aquifer by Alcoa and others. While a trial has been set for 2013, plaintiff has not yet disclosed its estimate of remediation costs. Alcoa believes that it is not responsible for any contamination as alleged in the complaint or that if any liability were to be established, its liability would be insignificant. At this time, Alcoa is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss for either matter.

St. Croix Proceedings

Josephat Henry. As previously reported, in September 1998, Hurricane Georges struck the U.S. Virgin Islands, including the St. Croix Alumina, L.L.C. (SCA) facility on the island of St. Croix. The wind and rain associated with the hurricane caused material at the location to be blown into neighboring residential areas. SCA undertook or arranged various cleanup and remediation efforts. The Division of Environmental Protection (DEP) of the Department of Planning and Natural Resources (DPNR) of the Virgin Islands Government issued a Notice of Violation that Alcoa has contested. In February 1999, certain residents of St. Croix commenced a civil suit in the Territorial Court of the Virgin

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Islands seeking compensatory and punitive damages and injunctive relief for alleged personal injuries and property damages associated with “bauxite or red dust” from the SCA facility. The suit, which has been removed to the District Court of the Virgin Islands (the “Court”), names SCA, Alcoa and Glencore Ltd. as defendants, and, in August 2000, was accorded class action treatment. The class was defined to include persons in various defined neighborhoods who “suffered damages and/or injuries as a result of exposure during and after Hurricane Georges to red dust and red mud blown during Hurricane Georges.” All of the defendants have denied liability, and discovery and other pretrial proceedings have been underway since 1999. Plaintiffs’ expert reports claim that the material blown during Hurricane Georges consisted of bauxite and red mud, and contained crystalline silica, chromium, and other substances. The reports further claim, among other things, that the population of the six subject neighborhoods as of the 2000 census (a total of 3,730 people) has been exposed to toxic substances through the fault of the defendants, and hence will be able to show entitlement to lifetime medical monitoring as well as other compensatory and punitive relief. These opinions have been contested by the defendants’ expert reports, that state, among other things, that plaintiffs were not exposed to the substances alleged and that in any event the level of alleged exposure does not justify lifetime medical monitoring. Alcoa and SCA turned over this matter to their insurance carriers who have been providing a defense. Glencore Ltd. is jointly defending the case with Alcoa and SCA and has a pending motion to dismiss. In June 2008, the Court granted defendants’ joint motion to decertify the original class of plaintiffs, and certified a new class as to the claim of ongoing nuisance, insofar as plaintiffs seek cleanup, abatement, or removal of the red mud currently present at the facility. (The named plaintiffs had previously dropped their claims for medical monitoring as a consequence of the court’s rejection of plaintiffs’ proffered expert opinion testimony). The Court expressly denied certification of a class as to any claims for remediation or cleanup of any area outside the facility (including plaintiffs’ property). The new class could seek only injunctive relief rather than monetary damages. Named plaintiffs, however, could continue to prosecute their claims for personal injury, property damage, and punitive damages. In August 2009, in response to defendants’ motions, the Court dismissed the named plaintiffs’ claims for personal injury and punitive damages, and denied the motion with respect to their property damage claims. In September 2009, the Court granted defendants’ motion for summary judgment on the class plaintiffs’ claim for injunctive relief. In October 2009, plaintiffs appealed the Court’s summary judgment order dismissing the claim for injunctive relief and in March 2011, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit dismissed plaintiffs’ appeal of that order. In September 2011, the parties reached an oral agreement to settle the remaining claims in the case which would resolve the personal property damage claims of the 12 remaining individual plaintiffs. Plaintiffs have indicated that they nevertheless intend to appeal all of the claim dismissals that have occurred in the trial court over the life of the case. The company anticipates that this appeal will be filed within 60 days following entry of such settlement. Alcoa’s share of the settlement is fully insured.

Contract Action. As previously reported, on April 23, 2004, St. Croix Renaissance Group, L.L.L.P. (SCRG), Brownfield Recovery Corp., and Energy Answers Corporation of Puerto Rico (collectively referred to as “Plaintiffs”) filed a suit against St. Croix Alumina L.L.C. and Alcoa World Alumina, LLC (collectively referred to as “Alcoa”) in the Territorial Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix for claims related to the sale of Alcoa’s former St. Croix alumina refinery to Plaintiffs. Alcoa thereafter removed the case to federal court and after a several year period of discovery and motion practice, a jury trial on the matter took place in St. Croix from January 11, 2011 to January 20, 2011. The jury returned a verdict in favor of Plaintiffs and the Court awarded damages as described: on a claim of breaches of warranty, the jury awarded $13 million; on the same claim, the jury awarded punitive damages in the amount of $6 million; and on a negligence claim for property damage, the jury awarded $10 million. Plaintiffs filed a motion seeking pre-judgment interest on the jury award. In February 2011, Alcoa filed post-trial motions seeking judgment notwithstanding the verdict or, in the alternative, a new trial. In May 2011, the court granted Alcoa’s motion for judgment regarding Plaintiffs’ $10 million negligence award and denied the remainder of Alcoa’s motions. Additionally, the court awarded Plaintiffs pre-judgment interest of $2 million on the breach of warranty award. As a result of the court’s post-trial decisions, Alcoa recorded a charge of $20 million in 2011. In June 2011, Alcoa filed a notice of appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit regarding Alcoa’s denied post-trial motions. Also on June 22, 2011, SCRG filed a notice of cross appeal with the Third Circuit Court related to certain pre-trial decisions of the court and of the court’s post-trial ruling on the negligence claim. The Third Circuit has referred this matter to mediation as is its standard practice in appeals.

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NRD Action. As previously reported, in May 2005, AWA and SCA were among the defendants listed in a lawsuit brought by the Commissioner of the DPNR, Dean Plaskett, in his capacity as Trustee for Natural Resources of the Territory of the United States Virgin Islands in the District Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix. The complaint seeks damages for alleged injuries to natural resources caused by alleged releases from an alumina refinery facility in St. Croix that was owned by SCA from 1995 to 2002. Also listed in the lawsuit are previous and subsequent owners of the alumina refinery and the owners of an adjacent oil refinery. Claims are brought under CERCLA, U.S. Virgin Islands law, and common law. The plaintiff has not specified in the complaint the amount it seeks in damages. The defendants filed motions to dismiss in 2005. In October 2007, in an effort to resolve the liability of SCRG in the lawsuit, as well as any other CERCLA liability SCRG may have with respect to the facility, DPNR filed a new lawsuit against SCRG seeking the recovery of response costs under CERCLA, and the plaintiff and SCRG filed a joint Agreement and Consent Decree. The remaining defendants each filed objections to the Agreement and Consent Decree, and in October 2008, the court denied entry of the Agreement and Consent Decree. The court also ruled on the motions to dismiss that were filed by all defendants in 2005. The court dismissed two counts from the complaint (common law trespass and V.I. Water Pollution Control Act), but denied the motions with regard to the other six counts (CERCLA, V.I. Oil Spill Prevention and Pollution Control Act, and common law strict liability, negligence, negligence per se and nuisance). The court also ruled that the Virgin Islands Government was the proper plaintiff for the territorial law claims and required re-filing of the complaint by the proper parties, which was done in November 2008. The plaintiffs subsequently moved to amend their complaint further, were granted leave by the court to do so, and filed an amended complaint on July 30, 2009. AWA and SCA filed an answer, counterclaim and cross-claim against SCRG in response to the amended complaint in August 2009. In response to the plaintiffs’ amended complaint, the other former owners of the alumina refinery filed answers, counterclaims, and cross-claims against SCRG and certain agencies of the Virgin Islands Government. During July 2009, each defendant except SCRG filed a partial motion for summary judgment seeking dismissal of the CERCLA cause of action on statute of limitations grounds. In July 2010, the court granted in part and denied in part each defendant’s motion for summary judgment. The court granted each defendant’s motion as to alleged injury to off-site groundwater and downstream surface water resources but denied each motion as to alleged injury to on-site groundwater resources.

SCA-Only Territorial Action. As previously reported, in December 2006, SCA was sued by the Commissioner of DPNR, U.S. Virgin Islands, in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix. The plaintiff alleges violations of the Coastal Zone Management Act and a construction permit issued thereunder. The complaint seeks a civil fine of $10,000 under the Coastal Zone Management Act, civil penalties of $10,000 per day for alleged intentional and knowing violations of the Coastal Zone Management Act, exemplary damages, costs, interest and attorney’s fees, and “other such amounts as may be just and proper.” SCA responded to the complaint on February 2, 2007 by filing an answer and motion to disqualify DPNR’s private attorney. The court has not yet ruled on the motion.

Multi-Party Enforcement Action. As previously reported, in December 2006, SCA, along with unaffiliated prior and subsequent owners, were sued by the Commissioner of the DPNR, U.S. Virgin Islands, in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix. This second suit alleges violations by the defendants of certain permits and environmental statutes said to apply to the facility. The complaint seeks the completion of certain actions regarding the facility, a civil fine from each defendant of $10,000 under the Coastal Zone Management Act, civil penalties of $50,000 per day for each alleged violation of the Water Pollution Control Act, $10,000 per day for alleged intentional and knowing violations of the Coastal Zone Management Act, exemplary damages, costs, interest and attorney’s fees, and “other such amounts as may be just and proper.” SCA responded to the complaint on February 2, 2007 by filing an answer and motion to disqualify DPNR’s private attorney. The parties fully briefed the motion and are awaiting a decision from the court. In October 2007, plaintiff and defendant SCRG entered into a settlement agreement resolving claims against SCRG. Plaintiff filed a notice of dismissal with the court, and the court entered an order dismissing SCRG on November 2, 2007. SCA objected to the dismissal and requested that the court withdraw its order, and the parties have briefed SCA’s objection and request. A decision from the court is pending. On November 10, 2007, SCA filed a motion for summary judgment seeking dismissal of all claims in the case. The parties completed briefing of the motion in January 2008. The court has not yet ruled on the motion.

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Cost Recovery Action. As previously reported, and noted above, in October 2007, DPNR filed a CERCLA cost recovery suit against SCRG. After the court denied entry of the Agreement and Consent Decree in October 2008, the cost recovery case lay dormant until May 2009, when SCRG filed a third-party complaint for contribution and other relief against several third-party defendants, including AWA and SCA. SCRG filed an amended third-party complaint on August 31, 2009, and served it on third-party defendants in mid-September 2009. AWA and SCA filed their answer to the amended third-party complaint on October 30, 2009. On January 8, 2010, DPNR filed a motion to assert claims directly against certain third-party defendants, including AWA and SCA. On January 29, 2010, the court granted plaintiff’s motion. On November 15, 2010, plaintiff and all defendants filed motions for summary judgment addressing various issues relating to liability, recoverability of costs, and divisibility of harm. On March 4, 2011, the court issued a memorandum and order granting defendants’ motions for summary judgment and entered judgment in favor of the defendants. On March 18, 2011, DPNR filed a motion for reconsideration of the order and judgment, and that motion was denied on April 15, 2011. On May 16, 2011, DPNR filed an appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. That appeal remains pending.

Abednego. As previously reported, on January 14, 2010, Alcoa was served with a complaint involving approximately 2,900 individual persons claimed to be residents of St. Croix who are alleged to have suffered personal injury or property damage from Hurricane Georges or winds blowing material from the property since the time of the hurricane. This complaint, Abednego, et al. v. Alcoa, et al. was filed in the Superior Court of the Virgin Islands, St. Croix Division. The complaint names as defendants the same entities as were sued in the February 1999 action earlier described and have added as a defendant the current owner of the alumina facility property. In February 2010, Alcoa and SCA removed the case to the federal court for the District of the Virgin Islands. Subsequently, plaintiffs filed motions to remand the case to territorial court as well as a third amended complaint, and defendants have moved to dismiss the case for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. On March 17, 2011, the court granted plaintiffs’ motion to remand to territorial court. Thereafter, Alcoa filed a motion for allowance of appeal. The motion was denied on May 18, 2011. The parties await assignment of the case to a trial judge.

Proposed Consent Decree for Certain St. Croix Proceedings. On November 21, 2011, Alcoa, SCRG and the DPNR lodged a proposed Consent Decree with the U.S. District Court for the Virgin Islands, which Consent Decree contains terms of a settlement between the parties resolving the following matters:

| • |  | the Contract Action;

| • |  | the NRD Action;

| • |  | the SCA-Only Territorial Action;

| • |  | the Multi-Party Enforcement Action; and

| • |  | the Cost Recovery Action.

On January 12, 2012, the court held a hearing on the issue of whether to approve and enter the Consent Decree. On February 13, 2012 the court granted the motion to enter the Consent Decree.

Other Contingencies

In addition to the matters discussed above, various other lawsuits, claims, and proceedings have been or may be instituted or asserted against Alcoa, including those pertaining to environmental, product liability, and safety and health matters. While the amounts claimed in these other matters may be substantial, the ultimate liability cannot now be determined because of the considerable uncertainties that exist. Therefore, it is possible that the company’s liquidity or results of operations in a particular period could be materially affected by one or more of these other matters. However, based on facts currently available, management believes that the disposition of these other matters that are pending or asserted will not have a material adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on the financial position of the company.

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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

The information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR 229.104 is included in Exhibit 95 of this report, which is incorporated herein by reference.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases

of Equity Securities.

The company’s common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange where it trades under the symbol AA. The company’s quarterly high and low trading stock prices and dividends per common share for 2011 and 2010 are shown below.

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Quarter |  | High |  |  | Low |  |  | Dividend |  |  | High |  |  | Low |  |  | Dividend |
First |  | $ | 17.75 |  |  | $ | 15.42 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |  |  | $ | 17.60 |  |  | $ | 12.26 |  |  | $ | 0.03 |
Second |  |  | 18.47 |  |  |  | 14.56 |  |  |  | 0.03 |  |  |  | 15.15 |  |  |  | 10.01 |  |  |  | 0.03 |
Third |  |  | 16.60 |  |  |  | 9.56 |  |  |  | 0.03 |  |  |  | 12.25 |  |  |  | 9.81 |  |  |  | 0.03 |
Fourth |  |  | 11.66 |  |  |  | 8.45 |  |  |  | 0.03 |  |  |  | 15.63 |  |  |  | 11.81 |  |  |  | 0.03 |
Year |  |  | 18.47 |  |  |  | 8.45 |  |  | $ | 0.12 |  |  |  | 17.60 |  |  |  | 9.81 |  |  | $ | 0.12 |

The number of holders of common stock was approximately 319,000 as of February 6, 2012.

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Stock Performance Graph

The following graph compares the most recent five-year performance of Alcoa’s common stock with (1) the Standard & Poor’s 500® Index and (2) the Standard & Poor’s 500® Materials Index, a group of 27 companies categorized by Standard & Poor’s as active in the “materials” market sector. Such information shall not be deemed to be “filed.”

As of December 31, |  | 2006 |  |  | 2007 |  |  | 2008 |  |  | 2009 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2011 |
Alcoa Inc. |  | $ | 100 |  |  | $ | 124 |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | 32 |
S&P 500® Index |  |  | 100 |  |  |  | 105 |  |  |  | 66 |  |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | 97 |  |  |  | 99 |
S&P 500® Materials Index |  |  | 100 |  |  |  | 123 |  |  |  | 67 |  |  |  | 99 |  |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | 109 |

Copyright© 2012 Standard & Poor’s, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. All rights reserved.

Source: Research Data Group, Inc. (www.researchdatagroup.com/S&P.htm)

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Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased (a) |  |  | Average Price Paid Per Share |  |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Repurchase Plans or Programs |  |  | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
January 1 – January 31, 2011 |  |  | 2,582 |  |  |  | 16.52 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
February 1 – February 28, 2011 |  |  | 2,462 |  |  |  | 17.32 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
March 1 – March 31, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total for quarter ended March 31, 2011 |  |  | 5,044 |  |  |  | 16.91 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
April 1 – April 30, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
May 1 – May 31, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
June 1 – June 30, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total for quarter ended June 30, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
July 1 – July 31, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
August 1 – August 31, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
September 1 – September 30, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total for quarter ended September 30, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
October 1 – October 31, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
November 1 – November 30, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
December 1 – December 31, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total for quarter ended December 31, 2011 |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |

(a) | This column includes the deemed surrender of existing shares of Alcoa common stock to the company by stock-based compensation plan participants to satisfy the exercise price of employee stock options at the time of exercise. These surrendered shares are not part of any publicly announced share repurchase program.

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Item 6. | Selected Financial Data

(dollars in millions, except per-share amounts and ingot prices; shipments in thousands of metric tons [kmt])

For the year ended December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |  |  | 2008 |  |  | 2007 |
Sales |  | $ | 24,951 |  |  | $ | 21,013 |  |  | $ | 18,439 |  |  | $ | 26,901 |  |  | $ | 29,280 |
Amounts attributable to Alcoa common shareholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | 614 |  |  | $ | 262 |  |  | $ | (985 | ) |  | $ | 229 |  |  | $ | 2,814 |
Loss from discontinued operations |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | (166 | ) |  |  | (303 | ) |  |  | (250 | )
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 611 |  |  | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | (1,151 | ) |  | $ | (74 | ) |  | $ | 2,564 |
Earnings per share attributable to Alcoa common shareholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | 0.58 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | (1.06 | ) |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | 3.24 |
Loss from discontinued operations |  |  | (0.01 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (0.17 | ) |  |  | (0.37 | ) |  |  | (0.29 | )
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 0.57 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | (1.23 | ) |  | $ | (0.10 | ) |  | $ | 2.95 |
Diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | (1.06 | ) |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | 3.22 |
Loss from discontinued operations |  |  | - |  |  |  | (0.01 | ) |  |  | (0.17 | ) |  |  | (0.37 | ) |  |  | (0.28 | )
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | 0.24 |  |  | $ | (1.23 | ) |  | $ | (0.10 | ) |  | $ | 2.94 |
Shipments of alumina (kmt) |  |  | 9,218 |  |  |  | 9,246 |  |  |  | 8,655 |  |  |  | 8,041 |  |  |  | 7,834 |
Shipments of aluminum products (kmt) |  |  | 5,037 |  |  |  | 4,757 |  |  |  | 5,097 |  |  |  | 5,481 |  |  |  | 5,393 |
Alcoa’s average realized price per metric ton of aluminum |  | $ | 2,636 |  |  | $ | 2,356 |  |  | $ | 1,856 |  |  | $ | 2,714 |  |  | $ | 2,784 |
Cash dividends declared per common share |  | $ | 0.12 |  |  | $ | 0.12 |  |  | $ | 0.26 |  |  | $ | 0.68 |  |  | $ | 0.68 |
Total assets |  |  | 40,120 |  |  |  | 39,293 |  |  |  | 38,472 |  |  |  | 37,822 |  |  |  | 38,803 |
Short-term borrowings |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | 176 |  |  |  | 478 |  |  |  | 563 |
Commercial paper |  |  | 224 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,535 |  |  |  | 856 |
Long-term debt, including amounts due within one year |  |  | 9,085 |  |  |  | 9,073 |  |  |  | 9,643 |  |  |  | 8,565 |  |  |  | 6,573 |

The data presented in the Selected Financial Data table should be read in conjunction with the information provided in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Part II Item 7 and the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

(dollars in millions, except per-share amounts and ingot prices; production and shipments in thousands of metric tons [kmt])

Overview

Our Business

Alcoa is the world leader in the production and management of primary aluminum, fabricated aluminum, and alumina combined, through its active and growing participation in all major aspects of the industry: technology, mining, refining, smelting, fabricating, and recycling. Aluminum is a commodity that is traded on the London Metal Exchange (LME) and priced daily based on market supply and demand. Aluminum and alumina represent more than 80% of Alcoa’s revenues, and the price of aluminum influences the operating results of Alcoa. Nonaluminum products include precision castings and aerospace and industrial fasteners. Alcoa’s products are used worldwide in aircraft, automobiles, commercial transportation, packaging, building and construction, oil and gas, defense, consumer electronics, and industrial applications.

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Alcoa is a global company operating in 31 countries. Based upon the country where the point of sale occurred, the U.S. and Europe generated 49% and 27%, respectively, of Alcoa’s sales in 2011. In addition, Alcoa has investments and operating activities in, among others, Australia, Brazil, China, Guinea, Iceland, Russia, and Saudi Arabia, all of which present opportunities for substantial growth. Governmental policies, laws and regulations, and other economic factors, including inflation and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, affect the results of operations in these countries.

Management Review of 2011 and Outlook for the Future

At the end of 2010, management had projected growth in global aluminum demand of 12% for 2011. While demand started strong in the year, it weakened in the second half, resulting in an estimated actual growth rate of 10%. Additionally, LME pricing levels declined steadily from the peak reached in mid-2011, resulting in a more than 27% decrease by the end of the year. The Company also faced demand destruction for aluminum end products in Europe and significant headwinds for certain input costs during 2011. Despite these challenges, the 2011 financial results of Alcoa improved over 2010, due in large part to the decisions made by management. At the beginning of 2011, management continued its previous actions from its two-year cash sustainability program, which began in 2009 to achieve targets related to procurement efficiencies, overhead rationalization, and working capital improvements. Additionally, management planned to further improve Alcoa’s liquidity position by maintaining a consistent level of capital expenditures with that of 2010, refinancing long-term debt set to mature during 2013, and contributing equity to satisfy a large portion of the Company’s 2011 obligation to its U.S. pension plans.

The following financial information reflects some key metrics of Alcoa’s 2011 results:

| • |  | Sales of $24,951, a 19% improvement over 2010;

| • |  | Income from continuing operations of $614, or $0.55 per diluted share, an increase of $352 compared to 2010;

| • |  | Total segment after-tax operating income of $1,893, a 33% improvement over 2010;

| • |  | Cash from operations of $2,193, in excess of $2,000 for the second consecutive year;

| • |  | Capital expenditures of $1,287, under $1,500 for the second consecutive year;

| • |  | Cash on hand at the end of the year of $1,939, in excess of $1,000 for the third consecutive year;

| • |  | Increase in total debt of $206, but a decrease of $1,207 over the past three years; and

| • |  | Debt-to-capital ratio of 35%, consistent with the targeted range of 30% to 35%.

Management is projecting continued growth (increase of 7%) in the global consumption of primary aluminum in 2012, but at a slower pace than 2011. China and India are expected to have double-digit increases in aluminum demand while Russia and Brazil are expected to have 4% to 5% increases in aluminum consumption rates. Such growth, along with industry-wide capacity curtailments, will result in demand exceeding supply for primary aluminum. For alumina, growth in global consumption is estimated to be 9%, and overall supply and demand are expected to be balanced. Management also anticipates improved market conditions for aluminum products in most major global end markets, particularly aerospace and automotive. On the cost side, energy prices and certain raw materials are expected to continue to be a challenge. Management has established and is committed to achieving the following specific goals in 2012:

| • |  | producing additional savings over those realized in 2009 through 2011 from procurement, overhead, and working capital programs;

| • |  | generating positive cash flow from operations that will exceed capital spending; and

| • |  | maintaining a debt-to-capital ratio between 30% and 35%.

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Looking ahead over the next two to four years, management will continue to focus on its aggressive strategic targets established at the end of 2010. These targets include lowering Alcoa’s refining and smelting operations on the cost curve to the 23rd (from 30th) and 41st (from 51st) percentiles, respectively, by 2015 and driving revenue growth in the midstream (increase of $2,500) and downstream (increase of $1,600) operations by 2013. In conjunction with the revenue targets, management is committed to improving margins that will exceed historical levels in the midstream and downstream operations. In 2011, production significantly improved at the Juruti bauxite mine development, nameplate capacity was achieved for the São Luís refinery expansion, and a part of the Estreito hydroelectric power project became operational. These developments, along with the planned full or partial curtailment of 240 kmt of smelting capacity in Europe and the full startup of Estreito, both expected to occur in 2012, and the completion of the aluminum complex in Saudi Arabia by 2014, will help improve the Company’s position on the cost curve. The midstream and downstream operations both achieved margins that exceeded historical levels and approximately 50% of the respective revenue growth targets in 2011. The midstream operations will continue to build on this success in 2012, through continued volume growth in Russia and China, including emerging markets like consumer electronics, and expansion of the rolling mill in Davenport, IA to meet rising U.S. automotive demand, due to changing emissions regulations. The downstream operations will further their accomplishments in 2012 through continued innovative solutions to meet a wide-range of customer needs.

Results of Operations

Earnings Summary

Income from continuing operations attributable to Alcoa for 2011 was $614, or $0.55 per diluted share, compared with $262, or $0.25 per share, in 2010. The improvement of $352 in continuing operations was primarily due to the following: higher realized prices for alumina and aluminum; stronger volumes in the midstream and downstream segments; net productivity improvements; and a net favorable change in mark-to-market derivative contracts; partially offset by higher input costs; net unfavorable foreign currency movements; higher income taxes due to better operating results; and additional restructuring charges.

Income from continuing operations attributable to Alcoa for 2010 was $262, or $0.25 per share, compared with a loss from continuing operations of $985, or $1.06 per share, in 2009. The improvement of $1,247 in continuing operations was primarily due to the following: increases in realized prices for alumina and aluminum; ongoing net costs savings and productivity improvements across all segments; and the absence of both a charge associated with a European Commission electricity pricing matter in Italy and a loss on the sale of an equity investment; partially offset by net unfavorable foreign currency movements; higher energy costs; unfavorable changes in LIFO (last in, first out) inventories; additional depreciation charges and operating costs for growth projects; and the absence of gains on the exchange of equity interests and on the acquisition of bauxite and refinery interests.

Net income attributable to Alcoa for 2011 was $611, or $0.55 per share, compared with net income of $254, or $0.24 per share, in 2010, and a net loss of $1,151, or $1.23 per share, in 2009. In 2011, net income of $611 included a loss from discontinued operations of $3, and in 2010 and 2009, net income of $254 and net loss of $1,151 included a loss from discontinued operations of $8 and $166, respectively.

In March 2009, management initiated a series of operational and financial actions to significantly improve Alcoa’s cost structure and liquidity. Operational actions included procurement efficiencies and overhead rationalization to reduce costs and working capital initiatives to yield significant cash improvements. Financial actions included a reduction in the quarterly common stock dividend from $0.17 per share to $0.03 per share, which began with the dividend paid on May 25, 2009, and the issuance of 172.5 million shares of common stock and $575 in convertible notes that collectively yielded $1,438 in net proceeds. In January 2010, management initiated further operational actions to not only maintain the procurement and overhead savings and working capital improvements achieved in 2009, but to improve on them throughout 2010. Also, a further reduction in capital expenditures was planned in order to achieve the level necessary to sustain operations without sacrificing the quality of Alcoa’s alumina and aluminum products. In 2011, management continued its previous actions to maintain the achieved procurement and overhead savings from the past two years and to further improve cash with working capital initiatives. Additionally, maintaining a level of capital expenditures consistent with that of 2010 was planned. During 2012, management plans to continue the actions from

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the past three years to achieve additional procurement and overhead savings, to further improve on working capital, and to maintain a consistent level of capital expenditures.

In late 2008, management made the decision to reduce Alcoa’s aluminum and alumina production in response to the then global economic downturn. As a result of this decision, reductions of 750 kmt, or 18%, of annualized output from Alcoa’s global smelting system were implemented (includes previous curtailment at Rockdale, TX in June 2008). Accordingly, reductions in alumina output were also initiated with a plan to reduce production by 1,500 kmt-per-year across the global refining system. The aluminum and alumina production curtailments were completed in early 2009 as planned. Smelters in Rockdale (267 kmt-per-year) and Tennessee (215 kmt-per-year) were fully curtailed while another 268 kmt-per-year was partially curtailed at various other locations. The refinery in Point Comfort, TX was partially curtailed by approximately 1,500 kmt-per-year between the end of 2008 and the beginning of 2009 (384 kmt-per-year remains curtailed as of December 31, 2011). In mid-2009, further action became necessary resulting in the decision to fully curtail the Massena East, NY smelter (125 kmt-per-year) and partially curtail the Suralco (Suriname) refinery (870 kmt-per-year: 793 kmt-per-year remains curtailed as of December 31, 2011).

In 2011, Alcoa restarted the following previously curtailed production capacity in the U.S.: Massena East (125 kmt-per-year); Wenatchee, WA (43 kmt-per-year); and Ferndale, WA (Intalco: 47 kmt-per-year (11 kmt more than previously planned)). These restarts increased aluminum production by approximately 150 kmt during 2011 and are expected to increase aluminum production by 215 kmt on an annual basis in 2012 and beyond and occurred to help meet anticipated growth in aluminum demand and to meet obligations outlined in power agreements with energy providers.

In late 2011, management approved the permanent shutdown and demolition of the smelter located in Tennessee and two potlines (capacity of 76 kmt-per-year) at the smelter located in Rockdale (four potlines remain). This decision was made after a comprehensive strategic analysis was performed to determine the best course of action for each facility. Factors leading to this decision were in general focused on achieving sustained competitiveness and included, among others: lack of an economically viable, long-term power solution; changed market fundamentals; cost competitiveness; required future capital investment; and restart costs.

Also, at the end of 2011, management approved a partial or full curtailment of three European smelters as follows: Portovesme, Italy (150 kmt-per-year); Avilés, Spain (46 kmt out of 93 kmt-per-year); and La Coruña, Spain (44 kmt out of 87 kmt-per-year). These curtailments are expected to be completed in the first half of 2012. The curtailment of the Portovesme smelter may lead to the permanent closure of the facility, while the curtailments at the two smelters in Spain are planned to be temporary. These actions are the result of uncompetitive energy positions, combined with rising material costs and falling aluminum prices (mid-2011 to late 2011).

Sales—Sales for 2011 were $24,951 compared with sales of $21,013 in 2010, an improvement of $3,938, or 19%. The increase was primarily due to a rise in realized prices for alumina and aluminum, better pricing in the midstream segment, and higher volumes in the Primary Metals segment and virtually all businesses in the midstream and downstream segments.

Sales for 2010 were $21,013 compared with sales of $18,439 in 2009, an improvement of $2,574, or 14%. The increase was mainly driven by a rise in realized prices for alumina and aluminum, as a result of significantly higher LME prices, favorable pricing in the midstream segment, and sales from the smelters in Norway (acquired on March 31, 2009: increase of $332), slightly offset by the absence of sales from divested businesses (Transportation Products Europe and most of Global Foil: decrease of $175) and unfavorable mix in the downstream segment.

Cost of Goods Sold—COGS as a percentage of Sales was 82.1% in 2011 compared with 81.7% in 2010. The percentage was negatively impacted by higher energy and raw materials costs and net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar, mostly offset by the previously mentioned higher realized prices and net productivity improvements.

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COGS as a percentage of Sales was 81.7% in 2010 compared with 91.7% in 2009. The percentage was positively impacted by the significant rise in realized prices for alumina and aluminum; net cost savings and productivity improvements across all segments; and the absence of a charge related to a European Commission’s decision on electricity pricing for smelters in Italy ($250); somewhat offset by net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar; unfavorable LIFO adjustments, as a result of the considerable rise in LME prices, and a significantly smaller reduction in LIFO inventory quantities; increases in energy costs; and higher operating costs for Brazil growth projects placed in service.

Selling, General Administrative, and Other Expenses—SG&A expenses were $1,027, or 4.1% of Sales, in 2011 compared with $961, or 4.6% of Sales, in 2010. The increase of $66 was principally the result of higher labor costs and an increase in bad debt expense. The increase in labor costs was the result of a higher average employee base and a higher cost of employee benefits. The higher bad debt expense was caused by charges for anticipated customer credit losses, primarily related to those in Europe.

SG&A expenses were $961, or 4.6% of Sales, in 2010 compared with $1,009, or 5.5% of Sales, in 2009. The decline of $48 was mostly due to reductions in expenses for contractors and consultants; lower deferred compensation, as a result of a decline in plan performance; and decreases in bad debt expense and information technology expenditures. An increase in labor costs, principally due to higher annual incentive and performance compensation and employee benefits costs (employer matching savings plan contributions for U.S. salaried participants were suspended during 2009) somewhat offset the aforementioned expense reductions.

Research and Development Expenses—R&D expenses were $184 in 2011 compared with $174 in 2010 and $169 in 2009. The increase in 2011 as compared to 2010 and in 2010 as compared to 2009 was mainly driven by incremental increases across varying expenses necessary to support R&D activities.

Provision for Depreciation, Depletion, and Amortization—The provision for DD&A was $1,479 in 2011 compared with $1,450 in 2010. The increase of $29, or 2%, was mostly due to a portion of the assets placed into service in mid-2011 related to a new hydroelectric power facility in Brazil, along with a number of small increases at various locations.

The provision for DD&A was $1,450 in 2010 compared with $1,311 in 2009. The increase of $139, or 11%, was principally the result of the assets placed into service during the second half of 2009 related to the Juruti bauxite mine development and São Luís refinery expansion in Brazil, the smelters in Norway (acquired on March 31, 2009), the new Bohai (China) flat-rolled product facility, and a high-quality coated sheet line at the Samara (Russia) facility, slightly offset by the cessation in DD&A due to the decision in early 2010 to permanently shut down and demolish two U.S. smelters (see Restructuring and Other Charges below).

Restructuring and Other Charges—Restructuring and other charges for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2011 were comprised of the following:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Asset impairments |  | $ | 150 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | 54 |
Layoff costs |  |  | 93 |  |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | 186 |
Other exit costs |  |  | 61 |  |  |  | 58 |  |  |  | 37 |
Reversals of previously recorded layoff and other exit costs |  |  | (23 | ) |  |  | (33 | ) |  |  | (40 | )
Restructuring and other charges |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | 207 |  |  | $ | 237 |

Layoff costs were recorded based on approved detailed action plans submitted by the operating locations that specified positions to be eliminated, benefits to be paid under existing severance plans, union contracts or statutory requirements, and the expected timetable for completion of the plans.

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2011 Actions—In 2011, Alcoa recorded Restructuring and other charges of $281 ($181 after-tax and noncontrolling interests), which were comprised of the following components: $127 ($82 after-tax) in asset impairments and $36 ($23 after-tax) in other exit costs related to the permanent shutdown and planned demolition of certain idled structures at two U.S. locations (see below); $93 ($68 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for the layoff of approximately 1,600 employees (820 in the Primary Metals segment, 470 in the Flat-Rolled Products segment, 160 in the Alumina segment, 20 in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment, and 130 in Corporate), including the effects of planned smelter curtailments (see below); $23 ($12 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for other asset impairments, including the write-off of the carrying value of an idled structure in Australia that processed spent pot lining and adjustments to the fair value of the one remaining foil location while it was classified as held for sale due to foreign currency movements; $20 ($8 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for a litigation matter related to the former St. Croix location; a net charge of $5 ($4 after-tax) for other small items; and $23 ($16 after-tax) for the reversal of previously recorded layoff reserves due to normal attrition and changes in facts and circumstances, including a change in plans for Alcoa’s aluminum powder facility in Rockdale, TX.

In late 2011, management approved the permanent shutdown and demolition of certain facilities at two U.S. locations, each of which was previously temporarily idled for various reasons. The identified facilities are the smelter located in Alcoa, TN (capacity of 215 kmt-per-year) and two potlines (capacity of 76 kmt-per-year) at the smelter located in Rockdale, TX (remaining capacity of 191 kmt-per-year composed of four potlines). Demolition and remediation activities related to these actions will begin in the first half of 2012 and are expected to be completed in 2015 for the Tennessee smelter and in 2013 for the two potlines at the Rockdale smelter. This decision was made after a comprehensive strategic analysis was performed to determine the best course of action for each facility. Factors leading to this decision were in general focused on achieving sustained competitiveness and included, among others: lack of an economically viable, long-term power solution; changed market fundamentals; cost competitiveness; required future capital investment; and restart costs. The asset impairments of $127 represent the write off of the remaining book value of properties, plants, and equipment related to these facilities. Additionally, remaining inventories, mostly operating supplies, were written down to their net realizable value resulting in a charge of $6 ($4 after-tax), which was recorded in COGS. The other exit costs of $36 represent $18 ($11 after-tax) in environmental remediation and $17 ($11 after-tax) in asset retirement obligations, both triggered by the decision to permanently shut down and demolish these structures, and $1 ($1 after-tax) in other related costs.

Also, at the end of 2011, management approved a partial or full curtailment of three European smelters as follows: Portovesme, Italy (150 kmt-per-year); Avilés, Spain (46 kmt out of 93 kmt-per-year); and La Coruña, Spain (44 kmt out of 87 kmt-per-year). These curtailments are expected to be completed in the first half of 2012. The curtailment of the Portovesme smelter may lead to the permanent closure of the facility, while the curtailments at the two smelters in Spain are planned to be temporary. These actions are the result of uncompetitive energy positions, combined with rising material costs and falling aluminum prices (mid-2011 to late 2011). As a result of these decisions, Alcoa recorded costs of $33 ($31 after-tax) for the layoff of approximately 650 employees. As Alcoa engages in discussions with the respective employee representatives and governments, additional charges may be recognized in 2012.

As of December 31, 2011, approximately 380 of the 1,600 employees were terminated. The remaining terminations for the 2011 restructuring programs are expected to be completed by the end of 2012. In 2011, cash payments of $24 were made against layoff reserves related to the 2011 restructuring programs.

2010 Actions—In 2010, Alcoa recorded Restructuring and other charges of $207 ($130 after-tax and noncontrolling interests), which were comprised of the following components: $127 ($80 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) in asset impairments and $46 ($29 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) in other exit costs related to the permanent shutdown and planned demolition of certain idled structures at five U.S. locations (see below); $43 ($29 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for the layoff of approximately 875 employees (625 in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment; 75 in the Primary Metals segment; 60 in the Alumina segment; 25 in the Flat-Rolled Products segment; and 90 in Corporate); $22 ($14 after-tax) in net charges (including $12 ($8 after-tax) for asset impairments) related to divested and to be divested businesses (Automotive Castings, Global Foil, Transportation Products Europe, and Packaging and Consumer) for, among other items, the settlement of a contract with a former customer, foreign

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currency movements, working capital adjustments, and a tax indemnification; $2 ($2 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for various other exit costs; and $33 ($24 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for the reversal of prior periods’ layoff reserves, including a portion of those related to the Portovesme smelter in Italy due to the execution of a new power agreement.

In early 2010, management approved the permanent shutdown and demolition of the following structures, each of which was previously temporarily idled for different reasons: the Eastalco smelter located in Frederick, MD (capacity of 195 kmt-per-year); the smelter located in Badin, NC (capacity of 60 kmt-per-year); an aluminum fluoride plant in Point Comfort, TX; a paste plant and cast house in Massena, NY; and one potline at the smelter in Warrick, IN (capacity of 40 kmt-per-year). This decision was made after a comprehensive strategic analysis was performed to determine the best course of action for each facility. Factors leading to this decision included current market fundamentals, cost competitiveness, other existing idle capacity, required future capital investment, and restart costs, as well as the elimination of ongoing holding costs. The asset impairments of $127 represent the write off of the remaining book value of properties, plants, and equipment related to these facilities. Additionally, remaining inventories, mostly operating supplies, were written down to their net realizable value resulting in a charge of $8 ($5 after-tax and noncontrolling interests), which was recorded in COGS. The other exit costs of $46 represent $30 ($19 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) in asset retirement obligations and $14 ($9 after-tax) in environmental remediation, both triggered by the decision to permanently shut down and demolish these structures, and $2 ($1 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) in other related costs.

As of December 31, 2011, approximately 790 of the 875 employees were terminated. The remaining terminations are expected to be completed by the end of 2012. In 2011 and 2010, cash payments of $7 and $21, respectively, were made against layoff reserves related to 2010 restructuring programs.

2009 Actions—In 2009, Alcoa recorded Restructuring and other charges of $237 ($151 after-tax and noncontrolling interests), which were comprised of the following components: $177 ($121 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for the layoff of approximately 6,600 employees (2,980 in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment; 2,190 in the Flat-Rolled Products segment; 1,080 in the Primary Metals segment; 180 in the Alumina segment; and 170 in Corporate) to address the impact of the global economic downturn on Alcoa’s businesses and a $9 ($6 after-tax) curtailment charge due to the remeasurement of pension plans as a result of the workforce reductions; $41 ($20 after-tax) in adjustments to the Global Foil and Transportation Products Europe businesses held for sale due to unfavorable foreign currency movements for both businesses and a change in the estimated fair value for the Global Foil business and $13 ($11 after-tax) in other asset impairments; $18 ($12 after-tax) for the write-off of previously capitalized third-party costs related to potential business acquisitions due to the adoption of changes to accounting for business combinations; net charges of $19 ($10 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for various other items, such as accelerated depreciation and lease termination costs for shutdown facilities; and $40 ($29 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for reversals of previously recorded layoff and other exit costs due to normal attrition and changes in facts and circumstances.

As of December 31, 2011, approximately 5,700 of the 6,000 employees were terminated. The total number of employees associated with 2009 restructuring programs was updated in 2010 to reflect changes in plans (e.g., the previously mentioned new power agreement at the Portovesme smelter in Italy – see 2010 Actions above), natural attrition, and other factors. The remaining terminations are expected to be completed by the end of 2012. In 2011 and 2010, cash payments of $13 and $60, respectively, were made against layoff reserves related to 2009 restructuring programs.

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Alcoa does not include Restructuring and other charges in the results of its reportable segments. The pretax impact of allocating such charges to segment results would have been as follows:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Alumina |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 5 |
Primary Metals |  |  | 212 |  |  |  | 145 |  |  |  | 30 |
Flat-Rolled Products |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | (11 | ) |  |  | 65 |
Engineered Products and Solutions |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | 18 |  |  |  | 64 |
Segment total |  |  | 267 |  |  |  | 164 |  |  |  | 164 |
Corporate |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | 73 |
Total restructuring and other charges |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | 207 |  |  | $ | 237 |

Interest Expense—Interest expense was $524 in 2011 compared with $494 in 2010. The increase of $30, or 6%, was primarily due to a $41 net charge related to the early retirement of various outstanding notes ($74 in purchase premiums paid partially offset by a $33 gain for “in-the-money” interest rate swaps), somewhat offset by the absence of a $14 net charge related to the early retirement of various outstanding notes ($42 in purchase premiums paid partially offset by a $28 gain for “in-the-money” interest rate swaps).

Interest expense was $494 in 2010 compared with $470 in 2009. The increase of $24, or 5%, was principally caused by a $69 decline in interest capitalized, mainly the result of placing the Juruti and São Luís growth projects in service during the second half of 2009; and a $14 net charge related to the early retirement of various outstanding notes ($42 in purchase premiums paid partially offset by a $28 gain for “in-the-money” interest rate swaps); mostly offset by a 7% lower average debt level, primarily due to the absence of commercial paper resulting from Alcoa’s improved liquidity position; and lower amortization expense of financing costs, principally related to the fees paid (fully amortized in October 2009) for the former $1,900 364-day senior unsecured revolving credit facility.

Other (Income) Expenses, net—Other income, net was $87 in 2011 compared with Other expenses, net of $5 in 2010. The change of $92 was mainly the result of a net favorable change of $89 in mark-to-market derivative contracts, a gain of $43 from the sale of land in Australia, and higher equity income from an investment in a natural gas pipeline in Australia due to the recognition of a discrete income tax benefit by the consortium (Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals’ share of the benefit was $24), slightly offset by a decrease in the cash surrender value of company-owned life insurance.

Other expenses, net was $5 in 2010 compared with Other income, net of $161 in 2009. The change of $166 was mostly due to the absence of a $188 gain on the Elkem/Sapa AB exchange transaction, a $92 gain related to the acquisition of a BHP Billiton subsidiary in the Republic of Suriname, and a $22 gain on the sale of property in Vancouver, WA; net foreign currency losses; and a smaller improvement in the cash surrender value of company-owned life insurance; partially offset by the absence of both a $182 realized loss on the sale of an equity investment and an equity loss related to Alcoa’s former 50% equity stake in Elkem; and a net favorable change of $25 in mark-to-market derivative contracts.

Income Taxes—Alcoa’s effective tax rate was 24.0% (provision on income) in 2011 compared with the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35%. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate mainly due to foreign income taxed in lower rate jurisdictions.

Alcoa’s effective tax rate was 26.9% (provision on income) in 2010 compared with the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35%. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to foreign income taxed in lower rate jurisdictions, a $57 discrete income tax benefit for the reversal of a valuation allowance as a result of previously restricted net operating losses of a foreign subsidiary now available, a $24 discrete income tax benefit related to a Canadian provincial tax law change permitting a tax return to be filed in U.S. dollars, and a $13 net discrete income tax benefit for various other items, partially offset by a $79 discrete income tax charge as a result of a change in the tax

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treatment of federal subsidies received related to prescription drug benefits provided under certain retiree health care benefit plans that were determined to be actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D and a $19 discrete income tax charge based on settlement discussions of several matters with international taxing authorities (this amount represents a decrease to Alcoa’s unrecognized tax benefits).

Alcoa’s effective tax rate was 38.3% (benefit on a loss) in 2009 compared with the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35%. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate principally due to a $12 income tax benefit related to the noncontrolling interests’ share of the gain associated with the acquisition of a BHP Billiton subsidiary in the Republic of Suriname and the following discrete tax items: a $71 benefit for the reorganization of an equity investment; a $34 benefit for the reversal of a valuation allowance on foreign deferred tax assets; a $31 benefit for a tax rate change (from 15% to 18%) in Iceland; a $31 benefit related to a Canadian tax law change allowing a tax return to be filed in U.S. dollars; a $10 benefit related to a change in the sale structure of two locations included in the Global Foil business than originally anticipated; and a $7 benefit related to the Elkem/Sapa AB exchange transaction. Partially offsetting these benefits were items related to smelter operations in Italy, which included a $41 valuation allowance placed on existing deferred tax assets and charges not tax benefitted as follows: $250 related to a recent decision by the European Commission on electricity pricing, $15 for environmental remediation, and $15 for layoffs.

Management anticipates that the effective tax rate in 2012 will be approximately 27%. However, changes in the current economic environment, tax legislation or rate changes, currency fluctuations, ability to realize deferred tax assets, and the results of operations in certain taxing jurisdictions may cause this estimated rate to fluctuate.

In December 2011, one of the Company’s subsidiaries in Brazil applied for a tax holiday related to its expanded mining and refining operations. If approved, the tax rate for this subsidiary will decrease significantly, resulting in future cash tax savings over the 10-year holiday period (would be effective as of January 1, 2012). Additionally, the net deferred tax asset of the subsidiary would be remeasured at the lower rate in the period the holiday is approved. This remeasurement would result in a decrease to the net deferred tax asset and a noncash charge to earnings of approximately $60 to $90.

Noncontrolling Interests—Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests was $194 in 2011 compared with $138 in 2010. The increase of $56 was largely the result of higher earnings at Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals (AWAC), which is owned 60% by Alcoa and 40% by Alumina Limited. The improved earnings at AWAC were mainly driven by higher realized prices, partially offset by higher input costs and net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar.

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests was $138 in 2010 compared with $61 in 2009. The increase of $77 was mostly due to higher earnings at AWAC, which is owned 60% by Alcoa and 40% by Alumina Limited. The improved earnings at AWAC were attributed primarily to a rise in realized prices, partially offset by net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar, higher depreciation expense and operating costs related to the Juruti and São Luís growth projects placed into service in the second half of 2009, and the absence of a gain recognized on the acquisition of a BHP Billiton subsidiary in the Republic of Suriname.

Loss From Discontinued Operations—Loss from discontinued operations in 2011 was $3 comprised of an additional loss of $3 ($5 pretax) related to the wire harness and electrical portion of the Electrical and Electronic Solutions (EES) business as a result of a negotiated preliminary settlement related to claims filed in 2010 against Alcoa by Platinum Equity in an insolvency proceeding in Germany, a net gain of $2 ($3 pretax) related to both the wire harness and electrical portion and the electronics portion of the EES business for a number of small post-closing and other adjustments, and a $2 ($2 pretax) reversal of the gain recognized in 2006 related to the sale of the home exteriors business for an adjustment to an outstanding obligation, which was part of the terms of sale.

Loss from discontinued operations in 2010 was $8 comprised of an additional loss of $6 ($9 pretax) related to the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business as a result of a contract settlement with a former customer of this business and an additional loss of $2 ($4 pretax) related to the electronics portion of the EES business for the settling of working capital, which was not included in the divestiture transaction.

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Loss from discontinued operations in 2009 was $166 comprised of a $129 ($168 pretax) loss on the divestiture of the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business, a $9 ($13 pretax) loss on the divestiture of the electronics portion of the EES business, and the remainder was for the operational results of the EES business prior to the divestitures.

In late 2008, Alcoa reclassified the EES business to discontinued operations based on the decision to divest the business. The divestiture of the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business was completed in June 2009 and the divestiture of the electronics portion of the EES business was completed in December 2009. The results of the Engineered Products and Solutions segment were reclassified to reflect the movement of the EES business into discontinued operations.

Segment Information

Alcoa’s operations consist of four worldwide reportable segments: Alumina, Primary Metals, Flat-Rolled Products, and Engineered Products and Solutions. Segment performance under Alcoa’s management reporting system is evaluated based on a number of factors; however, the primary measure of performance is the after-tax operating income (ATOI) of each segment. Certain items such as the impact of LIFO inventory accounting; interest expense; noncontrolling interests; corporate expense (general administrative and selling expenses of operating the corporate headquarters and other global administrative facilities, along with depreciation and amortization on corporate-owned assets); restructuring and other charges; discontinued operations; and other items, including intersegment profit eliminations and other metal adjustments, differences between tax rates applicable to the segments and the consolidated effective tax rate, the results of the soft alloy extrusions business in Brazil, and other nonoperating items such as foreign currency transaction gains/losses and interest income are excluded from segment ATOI.

ATOI for all reportable segments totaled $1,893 in 2011, $1,424 in 2010, and $(234) in 2009. See Note Q to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K for additional information. The following discussion provides shipments, sales, and ATOI data for each reportable segment and production data for the Alumina and Primary Metals segments for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011.

Alumina

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Alumina production (kmt) |  |  | 16,486 |  |  |  | 15,922 |  |  |  | 14,265 |
Third-party alumina shipments (kmt) |  |  | 9,218 |  |  |  | 9,246 |  |  |  | 8,655 |
Third-party sales |  | $ | 3,462 |  |  | $ | 2,815 |  |  | $ | 2,161 |
Intersegment sales |  |  | 2,727 |  |  |  | 2,212 |  |  |  | 1,534 |
Total sales |  | $ | 6,189 |  |  | $ | 5,027 |  |  | $ | 3,695 |
ATOI |  | $ | 607 |  |  | $ | 301 |  |  | $ | 112 |

This segment represents a portion of Alcoa’s upstream operations and consists of the Company’s worldwide refinery system, including the mining of bauxite, which is then refined into alumina. Alumina is mainly sold directly to internal and external smelter customers worldwide or is sold to customers who process it into industrial chemical products. A portion of this segment’s third-party sales are completed through the use of agents, alumina traders, and distributors. Slightly more than half of Alcoa’s alumina production is sold under supply contracts to third parties worldwide, while the remainder is used internally by the Primary Metals segment.

In 2011, alumina production increased by 564 kmt compared to 2010. The improvement was mostly the result of higher production at the São Luís (Brazil) refinery, as the ramp-up of the 2,100 kmt expanded capacity (the Alumina segment’s share is approximately 1,100 kmt-per-year) that began in late 2009 continued through 2011.

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In 2010, alumina production increased by 1,657 kmt compared to 2009. The increase was mainly driven by the Point Comfort, TX refinery as most of the 1,500 kmt-per-year curtailment initiated between the fourth quarter of 2008 and the first quarter of 2009 was restored. In addition, production included the continued ramp-up of the São Luís refinery expansion and the 45% interest in the Suralco (Suriname) refinery acquired in mid-2009.

Third-party sales for the Alumina segment improved 23% in 2011 compared with 2010, largely attributable to a 21% increase in realized prices, driven by the movement of customer contracts to alumina index pricing, benefits from improved spot prices, and improved pricing from LME-based contracts. Third-party sales for this segment rose 30% in 2010 compared with 2009, primarily related to a 29% increase in realized prices, driven by significantly higher LME prices, coupled with a 7% increase in volumes.

Intersegment sales for the Alumina segment climbed 23% in 2011 compared with 2010 and 44% in 2010 compared with 2009. The increase in both period comparisons was principally due to higher realized prices and an increase in demand from the Primary Metals segment.

ATOI for the Alumina segment increased $306 in 2011 compared with 2010, mainly caused by the significant improvement in realized prices and a gain on the sale of land in Australia ($30), partially offset by considerably higher input costs, particularly related to caustic and fuel oil, and net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar, especially against the Australian dollar.

ATOI for this segment improved $189 in 2010 compared with 2009, mostly due to the significant increase in realized prices and benefits of cost savings initiatives, particularly lower caustic costs. These positive impacts were partially offset by net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar, particularly against the Australian dollar; higher depreciation expense and operating costs (includes the impact of a failure of a ship unloader) associated with the start-up of the Juruti bauxite mine and the São Luís refinery expansion, both of which began in the second half of 2009; the absence of a $60 gain recognized on the acquisition of BHP Billiton’s interest in Suralco; and higher fuel oil costs.

In 2012, third-party sales will continue to shift towards alumina index or spot pricing, and productivity improvements will be an intense area of focus. Also, significant, planned maintenance for operations in Australia during the first part of the year and higher costs for raw materials are expected to negatively impact results. Additionally, alumina production across the global system will be reduced to reflect smelter curtailments as well as prevailing market conditions. Furthermore, in the second half of 2012, Alcoa’s refineries in Australia will be subject to a carbon tax recently approved by the Australian government related to greenhouse gas emissions; this is not expected to have a significant impact on the Alumina segment’s results in 2012.

Primary Metals

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Aluminum production (kmt) |  |  | 3,775 |  |  |  | 3,586 |  |  |  | 3,564 |
Third-party aluminum shipments (kmt) |  |  | 2,981 |  |  |  | 2,845 |  |  |  | 3,038 |
Alcoa’s average realized price per metric ton of aluminum |  | $ | 2,636 |  |  | $ | 2,356 |  |  | $ | 1,856 |
Third-party sales |  | $ | 8,240 |  |  | $ | 7,070 |  |  | $ | 5,252 |
Intersegment sales |  |  | 3,192 |  |  |  | 2,597 |  |  |  | 1,836 |
Total sales |  | $ | 11,432 |  |  | $ | 9,667 |  |  | $ | 7,088 |
ATOI |  | $ | 481 |  |  | $ | 488 |  |  | $ | (612 | )

This segment represents a portion of Alcoa’s upstream operations and consists of the Company’s worldwide smelter system. Primary Metals receives alumina, mostly from the Alumina segment, and produces primary aluminum used by Alcoa’s fabricating businesses, as well as sold to external customers, aluminum traders, and commodity markets. Results from the sale of aluminum powder, scrap, and excess power are also included in this segment, as well as the results of aluminum derivative contracts and buy/resell activity. Primary aluminum produced by Alcoa and used internally is transferred to other segments at prevailing market prices. The sale of primary aluminum represents more

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than 90% of this segment’s third-party sales. Buy/resell activity refers to when this segment purchases metal from external or internal sources and resells such metal to external customers or the midstream and downstream segments in order to maximize smelting system efficiency and to meet customer requirements.

At December 31, 2011, Alcoa had 644 kmt of idle capacity on a base capacity of 4,518 kmt. In 2011, idle capacity decreased 234 kmt compared to 2010 due to the full restart of previously curtailed production capacity in the U.S.: Massena East, NY (125 kmt-per-year); Wenatchee, WA (43 kmt-per-year); and Ferndale, WA (Intalco: 47 kmt-per-year (11 kmt more than previously planned)). These restarts increased aluminum production by approximately 150 kmt during 2011 and are expected to increase aluminum production by 215 kmt on an annual basis in 2012 and beyond and occurred to help meet anticipated growth in aluminum demand and to meet obligations outlined in power agreements with energy providers.

In late 2011, management approved the permanent shutdown and demolition of certain facilities at two U.S. locations, each of which was previously temporarily idled for various reasons. The identified facilities are the smelter located in Alcoa, TN (capacity of 215 kmt-per-year) and two potlines (capacity of 76 kmt-per-year) at the smelter located in Rockdale, TX (remaining capacity of 191 kmt-per-year composed of four potlines). This decision was made after a comprehensive strategic analysis was performed to determine the best course of action for each facility. Factors leading to this decision were in general focused on achieving sustained competitiveness and included, among others: lack of an economically viable, long-term power solution; changed market fundamentals; cost competitiveness; required future capital investment; and restart costs.

Also, at the end of 2011, management approved a partial or full curtailment of three European smelters as follows: Portovesme, Italy (150 kmt-per-year); Avilés, Spain (46 kmt out of 93 kmt-per-year); and La Coruña, Spain (44 kmt out of 87 kmt-per-year). These curtailments are expected to be completed in the first half of 2012. The curtailment of the Portovesme smelter may lead to the permanent closure of the facility, while the curtailments at the two smelters in Spain are planned to be temporary. These actions are the result of uncompetitive energy positions, combined with rising material costs and falling aluminum prices (mid-2011 to late 2011).

As a result of these decisions, idle capacity is expected to decrease by a net 51 kmt and base capacity will decline by 291 kmt during 2012.

At December 31, 2010, Alcoa had 878 kmt of idle capacity on a base capacity of 4,518 kmt. In 2010, idle capacity decreased 356 kmt compared to 2009 due to the restart of 32 kmt of previously curtailed production capacity at a smelter in Brazil, the decision to permanently curtail the smelters located in Frederick, MD (195 kmt-per-year) and Badin, NC (60 kmt-per-year) and one potline (40 kmt-per-year) at the smelter in Warrick, IN, and the restart of 61 kmt of previously curtailed production capacity at various smelters, slightly offset by the full curtailment of the Fusina smelter (44 kmt-per-year) in Italy as a result of uneconomical power prices. In June 2010, Alcoa halted production at the Avilés smelter (93 kmt-per-year) in Spain due to torrential flooding. Production was restarted a few months after the flood and the smelter was at full operating rate by the end of 2010. Base capacity dropped 295 kmt between December 31, 2010 and 2009 due to the previously mentioned permanent curtailments. The decision to permanently curtail these facilities was made after a comprehensive strategic analysis was performed to determine the best course of action for each facility. Factors leading to this decision included current market fundamentals, cost competitiveness, other existing idle capacity, required future capital investment, and restart costs, as well as the elimination of ongoing holding costs.

In 2011, aluminum production improved by 189 kmt, mainly the result of the previously mentioned restarted capacity at Massena East, Ferndale, and Wenatchee, as well as higher production at the Avilés smelter (see above). In 2010, aluminum production increased by 22 kmt, mostly due to the two smelters located in Norway (acquired full ownership on March 31, 2009, previously held a 50% equity interest), as well as a number of small increases at other smelters, but was virtually offset by the smelter curtailments during 2009 for Tennessee and Massena East and during 2010 for Fusina and the halted production at the Avilés smelter.

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Third-party sales for the Primary Metals segment improved 17% in 2011 compared with 2010, primarily due to a 12% rise in average realized prices, driven by 10% higher average LME prices; higher volumes, largely attributable to the previously mentioned restarted U.S. capacity; and increased revenue from the sale of excess power. Third-party sales for this segment climbed 35% in 2010 compared with 2009, mainly due to a 27% rise in average realized prices, driven by 31% higher average LME prices, and the acquisition of the smelters located in Norway (increase of $332), slightly offset by a decline in both buy/resell activity and volumes.

Intersegment sales for the Primary Metals segment rose 23% in 2011 compared with 2010 and 41% in 2010 compared with 2009. The increase in both period comparisons was mainly the result of an improvement in realized prices, driven by the higher LME, and an increase in buy/resell activity.

ATOI for the Primary Metals segment declined $7 in 2011 compared with 2010, primarily caused by significantly higher input costs, including carbon, alumina, and energy, and net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar, virtually offset by improved realized prices, net productivity improvements, and higher excess power sales.

ATOI for this segment improved $1,100 in 2010 compared with 2009, principally related to the significant increase in realized prices; the absence of a charge related to a European Commission’s decision on electricity pricing for smelters in Italy ($250); and benefits from cost savings initiatives, particularly coke and pitch; somewhat offset by much higher alumina and energy prices; the absence of a gain related to Alcoa’s acquisition of the other 50% of the smelters in Norway ($112); and net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar.

In 2012, pricing is anticipated to follow a 15-day lag on the LME and net productivity improvements are expected to continue. Also, planned maintenance for power plants during the first part of the year and higher energy costs are expected to negatively impact results, while a benefit is anticipated in the second half of the year related to coke prices as a result of a shift in the supply-demand balance from short to long. Additionally, three smelters in Europe, representing 240 kmt-per-year, are expected to be fully or partially curtailed during the first half of the year. Furthermore, in the second half of 2012, Alcoa’s smelters in Australia will be subject to a carbon tax recently approved by the Australian government related to greenhouse gas emissions; this is not expected to have a significant impact on the Primary Metals segment’s results in 2012.

Flat-Rolled Products

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Third-party aluminum shipments (kmt) |  |  | 1,780 |  |  |  | 1,658 |  |  |  | 1,831 |
Third-party sales |  | $ | 7,642 |  |  | $ | 6,277 |  |  | $ | 6,069 |
Intersegment sales |  |  | 218 |  |  |  | 180 |  |  |  | 113 |
Total sales |  | $ | 7,860 |  |  | $ | 6,457 |  |  | $ | 6,182 |
ATOI |  | $ | 266 |  |  | $ | 220 |  |  | $ | (49 | )

This segment represents Alcoa’s midstream operations, whose principal business is the production and sale of aluminum plate and sheet. A small portion of this segment’s operations relate to foil produced at one plant in Brazil. This segment includes rigid container sheet (RCS), which is sold directly to customers in the packaging and consumer market and is used to produce aluminum beverage cans. Seasonal increases in RCS sales are generally experienced in the second and third quarters of the year. This segment also includes sheet and plate used in the aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation, and building and construction markets (mainly used in the production of machinery and equipment and consumer durables), which is sold directly to customers and through distributors. Approximately one-half of the third-party sales in this segment consist of RCS, while the other one-half of third-party sales are derived from sheet and plate and foil used in industrial markets. While the customer base for flat-rolled products is large, a significant amount of sales of RCS, sheet, and plate is to a relatively small number of customers.

Third-party sales for the Flat-Rolled Products segment climbed 22% in 2011 compared with 2010, primarily driven by better pricing; higher volumes across most businesses, particularly related to the packaging, aerospace, and commercial transportation markets; favorable foreign currency movements, mainly due to a stronger euro; and favorable product

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mix. Third-party sales for this segment increased 3% in 2010 compared with 2009, principally due to better pricing and higher volumes in most key end markets, partially offset by lower volumes in the segment’s can sheet business, largely due to a decision in early 2010 to curtail sales to a North American customer and the absence of sales ($125 in 2009) from two foil plants (Spain and China), which were divested in late 2009.

ATOI for the Flat-Rolled Products segment rose $46 in 2011 compared with 2010, primarily attributable to the previously mentioned positive pricing, volume, and product mix impacts, partially offset by higher input costs and charges for anticipated customer credit losses. ATOI for this segment improved $269 in 2010 compared with 2009, mainly the result of both favorable pricing and increased productivity across all businesses due to cost savings initiatives, including the operations in Russia as results turned profitable.

In 2012, continued demand strength in the aerospace and automotive markets is expected, although the outlook for Europe remains weak. Additionally, net productivity improvements are anticipated, somewhat offset by higher energy and transportation costs.

Engineered Products and Solutions

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Third-party aluminum shipments (kmt) |  |  | 221 |  |  |  | 197 |  |  |  | 180 |
Third-party sales |  | $ | 5,345 |  |  | $ | 4,584 |  |  | $ | 4,689 |
ATOI |  | $ | 539 |  |  | $ | 415 |  |  | $ | 315 |

This segment represents Alcoa’s downstream operations and includes titanium, aluminum, and super alloy investment castings; forgings and fasteners; aluminum wheels; integrated aluminum structural systems; and architectural extrusions used in the aerospace, automotive, building and construction, commercial transportation, and power generation markets. These products are sold directly to customers and through distributors. Additionally, hard alloy extrusions products, which are also sold directly to customers and through distributors, serve the aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation, and industrial products markets.

On March 9, 2011, Alcoa completed an acquisition of the aerospace fastener business of TransDigm Group Inc. for $240. This business is a leading global designer, producer, and supplier of highly engineered aircraft components, with three locations (one in the state of California and two in the United Kingdom) that employ a combined 400 people. Specifically, this business provides a wide variety of high-strength, high temperature nickel alloy specialty engine fasteners, airframe bolts, and slotted entry bearings. In 2010, this business generated sales of $61. The assets and liabilities of this business were included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment as of March 31, 2011; this business’ results of operations were included in this segment beginning March 9, 2011.

In July 2010, Alcoa completed an acquisition of the commercial building and construction business of a privately-held company, Traco, for $77. This business, located in Cranberry, Pennsylvania, employing 650 people, is a premier manufacturer of windows and doors for the commercial building and construction market and generated sales of approximately $100 in 2009. The assets and liabilities of this business were included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment as of the end of July 2010 and this business’ results of operations were included in this segment since the beginning of August 2010.

Third-party sales for the Engineered Products and Solutions segment climbed 17% in 2011 compared with 2010, largely attributable to higher volumes across all businesses, especially related to the aerospace and commercial transportation markets. Additionally, sales from the acquired fastener business ($58) and from the acquired building and construction business (increase of $40) and favorable foreign currency movements due to a stronger euro were positive impacts. Slightly offsetting the positive contributions was the absence of sales related to the April 2010 divestiture of the Transportation Products Europe business ($28). Third-party sales for this segment decreased 2% in 2010 compared with 2009, primarily due to unfavorable pricing and mix across all businesses; lower volumes for the fasteners, power and propulsion, and building and construction businesses; the absence of sales related to the

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divestiture of the Transportation Products Europe business in April 2010 (decrease of $50); and unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker euro. These negative impacts were mostly offset by higher volumes in the wheels and forgings businesses and sales from the newly acquired business mentioned above ($37).

ATOI for the Engineered Products and Solutions segment rose 30% in 2011 compared with 2010, principally the result of the previously mentioned volume impacts and net productivity improvements across most businesses, somewhat offset by unfavorable price/product mix. ATOI for this segment climbed 32% in 2010 compared with 2009, mainly due to productivity improvements and cost reduction initiatives across all businesses, partially offset by unfavorable pricing and mix.

In 2012, the aerospace market is expected to remain strong and incremental gains are anticipated for the commercial transportation market (excluding Europe), while the building and construction market is expected to decline. Also, continued net productivity improvements are anticipated.

Reconciliation of ATOI to Consolidated Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Alcoa

Items required to reconcile total segment ATOI to consolidated net income (loss) attributable to Alcoa include: the impact of LIFO inventory accounting; interest expense; noncontrolling interests; corporate expense (general administrative and selling expenses of operating the corporate headquarters and other global administrative facilities, along with depreciation and amortization on corporate-owned assets); restructuring and other charges; discontinued operations; and other items, including intersegment profit eliminations and other metal adjustments, differences between tax rates applicable to the segments and the consolidated effective tax rate, the results of the soft alloy extrusions business in Brazil, and other nonoperating items such as foreign currency transaction gains/losses and interest income.

The following table reconciles total segment ATOI to consolidated net income (loss) attributable to Alcoa:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Total segment ATOI |  | $ | 1,893 |  |  | $ | 1,424 |  |  | $ | (234 | )
Unallocated amounts (net of tax): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impact of LIFO |  |  | (38 | ) |  |  | (16 | ) |  |  | 235 |
Interest expense |  |  | (340 | ) |  |  | (321 | ) |  |  | (306 | )
Noncontrolling interests |  |  | (194 | ) |  |  | (138 | ) |  |  | (61 | )
Corporate expense |  |  | (290 | ) |  |  | (291 | ) |  |  | (304 | )
Restructuring and other charges |  |  | (196 | ) |  |  | (134 | ) |  |  | (155 | )
Discontinued operations |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | (166 | )
Other |  |  | (221 | ) |  |  | (262 | ) |  |  | (160 | )
Consolidated net income (loss) attributable to Alcoa |  | $ | 611 |  |  | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | (1,151 | )

The significant changes in the reconciling items between total segment ATOI and consolidated net income attributable to Alcoa for 2011 compared with 2010 consisted of:

| • |  | a change in the Impact of LIFO, due to higher prices for alumina and metal, both of which were driven by an increase in LME prices and higher input costs, particularly coke, energy, and caustic soda;

| • |  | an increase in Interest expense, principally caused by a $27 net charge related to the early retirement of various outstanding notes ($48 in purchase premiums paid partially offset by a $21 gain for “in-the-money” interest rate swaps), somewhat offset by the absence of a $9 net charge related to the early retirement of various outstanding notes ($27 in purchase premiums paid partially offset by an $18 gain for “in-the-money” interest rate swaps);

| • |  | an increase in Noncontrolling interests, mainly due to higher earnings at AWAC, principally driven by higher realized prices, partially offset by higher input costs and net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar;

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| • |  | an increase in Restructuring and other charges, mostly due to higher layoff costs, largely attributable to Alcoa’s plans to curtail three smelters in Europe; and

| • |  | a change in Other, primarily due to a net favorable change of $57 in mark-to-market derivative contracts and the difference between the consolidated effective tax rate and the estimated tax rates applicable to the segments, partially offset by a decrease in the cash surrender value of company-owned life insurance.

The significant changes in the reconciling items between total segment ATOI and consolidated net income (loss) attributable to Alcoa for 2010 compared with 2009 consisted of:

| • |  | a change in the Impact of LIFO due to higher prices for alumina and metal, both of which were driven by a significant rise in LME prices, and a significantly smaller reduction in LIFO inventory quantities;

| • |  | an increase in Interest expense, primarily due to a decline in interest capitalized (mainly the result of placing the Juruti and São Luís growth projects in service during the second half of 2009) and a $9 net charge related to the early retirement of various outstanding notes ($27 in purchase premiums paid partially offset by an $18 gain for “in-the-money” interest rate swaps), mostly offset by a 7% lower average debt level (primarily due to the absence of commercial paper resulting from Alcoa’s improved liquidity position) and lower amortization expense of financing costs (principally related to the fees paid (fully amortized in October 2009) for the former $1,900 364-day senior unsecured revolving credit facility);

| • |  | an increase in Noncontrolling interests, mainly due to higher earnings at AWAC, primarily driven by a rise in realized prices, partially offset by net unfavorable foreign currency movements due to a weaker U.S. dollar, higher depreciation and operating costs related to the Juruti and São Luís growth projects placed into service in the second half of 2009, and the absence of a gain recognized on the acquisition of a BHP Billiton subsidiary in the Republic of Suriname;

| • |  | a decline in Corporate expense, primarily due to reductions in expenses for contractors and consultants, lower deferred compensation (as a result of a decline in plan performance), a decrease in bad debt expense, and a decrease in information technology expenditures, somewhat offset by an increase in labor costs (principally due to higher annual incentive and performance compensation and employee benefits costs (employer matching savings plan contributions for U.S. salaried participants were suspended during 2009));

| • |  | a decrease in Restructuring and other charges, mainly due to lower layoff charges, somewhat offset by higher asset impairments and other exit costs, primarily related to the permanent shutdown and planned demolition of certain idled structures at five U.S. locations;

| • |  | a change in Discontinued operations, mostly the result of the absence of both a $129 loss (an additional $6 loss was recognized in 2010) on the divestiture of the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business (June 2009) and a $9 loss on the divestiture of the electronics portion of the EES business (December 2009); and

| • |  | a change in Other, mainly due to a net income tax charge (includes discrete tax items) related to the difference in the consolidated effective tax rate and the estimated tax rates applicable to the segments, net foreign currency losses, the absence of a $21 favorable adjustment for the finalization of the estimated fair value of the former Sapa AB joint venture, and a smaller improvement in the cash surrender value of company-owned life insurance; partially offset by the absence of a $118 realized loss on the sale of an equity investment and favorable changes in mark-to-market derivative contracts.

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Environmental Matters

See the Environmental Matters section of Note N to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Alcoa maintains a disciplined approach to cash management and strengthening of its balance sheet. In 2011, as in the prior two years, management continued this approach while providing the Company with the necessary liquidity to operate effectively as the global economy continues to recover from the economic downturn that began in 2008.

In response to changes in the economic markets across the globe in the second half of 2008, management initiated the following actions to conserve cash and preserve liquidity: greater scrutiny over the daily management of Alcoa’s cash position; higher risk tolerance on raw materials with lower minimum order quantities and lower carrying levels; targeted headcount reductions across the globe; a global salary and hiring freeze (lifted at the beginning of 2010); suspension of the existing share repurchase program (expired in December 2010); and the addition of a new 364-day $1,900 revolving credit facility (expired in October 2009). A number of changes were also made to Alcoa’s capital expenditures strategy as follows: capital expenditure approval levels were lowered dramatically; growth projects were halted where it was deemed economically feasible; and all non-critical capital expenditures were stopped. Capital expenditures are deemed critical if they maintain Alcoa’s compliance with the law, keep a facility operating, or satisfy customer requirements if the benefits outweigh the costs. The planned sale or shutdown of various businesses contributed positively to Alcoa’s liquidity position in 2009.

In March 2009, management initiated an additional series of operational and financial actions to significantly improve Alcoa’s cost structure and liquidity. Operational actions included procurement efficiencies and overhead rationalization to reduce costs and working capital initiatives to yield significant cash improvements. Financial actions included a reduction in the quarterly common stock dividend from $0.17 per share to $0.03 per share, which began with the dividend paid on May 25, 2009, and the issuance of 172.5 million shares of common stock and $575 in convertible notes that collectively yielded $1,438 in net proceeds.

In January 2010, management initiated further operational actions to not only maintain the procurement and overhead savings and working capital improvements achieved in 2009, but to improve on them throughout 2010. Also, a further reduction in capital expenditures was planned in order to achieve the level necessary to sustain operations without sacrificing the quality of Alcoa’s alumina and aluminum products.

In 2011, management continued its previous actions to maintain the achieved procurement and overhead savings from the past two years and to further improve cash with working capital initiatives. Additionally, maintaining a level of capital expenditures consistent with that of 2010 was planned. During 2012, management plans to continue the actions from the past three years to achieve additional procurement and overhead savings, to further improve on working capital, and to maintain a consistent level of capital expenditures.

Along with the foregoing actions, cash provided from operations and financing activities is expected to be adequate to cover Alcoa’s current operational and business needs. For an analysis of long-term liquidity, see Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.

Cash from Operations

Cash from operations in 2011 was $2,193 compared with $2,261 in 2010. The decline of $68, or 3%, was largely attributable to higher pension contributions of $223, a lower net cash inflow associated with working capital of $206, an additional cash outflow of $71 in noncurrent assets, and a lower cash inflow of $36 in noncurrent liabilities, mostly offset by better operating results.

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The higher pension contributions were principally driven by cash contributions made to U.S. pension plans towards maintaining an approximately 80% funded status.

The major components of the lower net cash inflow in working capital were as follows: an additional outflow of $122 in inventories, mostly due to higher production as a result of increased demand and rising input costs; a higher inflow of $47 in prepaid expenses and other current assets, primarily driven by the absence of collateral posted related to a mark-to-market energy contract that ended in September 2011; an additional inflow of $66 in accounts payable, trade, principally the result of higher purchasing needs and timing of vendor payments; a lower outflow of $201 in accrued expenses, mostly related to fewer cash payments for restructuring programs and the absence of a reduction in collateral held related to mark-to-market energy contracts; and a smaller inflow of $385 in taxes, including income taxes, mainly due to the absence of a $347 federal income tax refund for the carryback of Alcoa’s 2009 net loss to prior tax years.

The additional outflow in noncurrent assets was largely attributable to higher deferred mining costs related to bauxite operations in Australia, while the lower inflow in noncurrent liabilities was mainly caused by a smaller increase in the environmental remediation reserve.

Cash from operations in 2010 was $2,261 compared with $1,365 in 2009. The improvement of $896, or 66%, was primarily due to significantly better operating results, partially offset by a lower net cash inflow associated with working capital of $904.

The major components of the lower net cash inflow in working capital were as follows: an additional outflow of $787 in receivables, primarily as a result of higher sales in three of the four reportable segments and a significant rise in LME prices; a higher outflow of $1,485 in inventories, mostly due to a build-up of levels to meet anticipated demand and higher input costs; an additional inflow of $962 in accounts payable, trade, principally the result of higher purchasing needs and timing of vendor payments; and a higher inflow of $646 in taxes, including income taxes, mainly due to a $310 receivable recorded in 2009 and the receipt of $347 in 2010, both related to a federal income tax refund for the carryback of Alcoa’s 2009 net loss to prior tax years.

Financing Activities

Cash provided from financing activities was $62 in 2011 compared with cash used for financing activities of $952 in 2010 and cash provided from financing activities of $37 in 2009.

The source of cash in 2011 was mostly driven by $1,256 in additions to long-term debt, of which $1,248 was for the issuance of 5.40% Notes due 2021; and a change of $224 in commercial paper; mostly offset by $1,194 in payments on long-term debt, principally related to $881 for the early retirement of all of the 5.375% Notes due 2013 and a portion of the 6.00% Notes due 2013, $218 for previous borrowings on the loans supporting the São Luís refinery expansion, Juruti bauxite mine development, and Estreito hydroelectric power project in Brazil, and $45 for a loan associated with the Samara, Russia facility; net cash distributed to noncontrolling interests of $88, all of which relates to Alumina Limited’s share of AWAC; and $131 in dividends paid to shareholders.

The use of cash in 2010 was primarily due to $1,757 in payments on long-term debt, mostly related to $511 for the repayment of 7.375% Notes due 2010 as scheduled, $825 for the early retirement of all of the 6.50% Notes due 2011 and a portion of the 6.00% Notes due 2012 and 5.375% Notes due 2013, and $287 related to previous borrowings on the loans supporting the São Luís refinery expansion and Juruti bauxite mine development in Brazil; $125 in dividends paid to shareholders; net cash paid to noncontrolling interests of $94, all of which relates to Alumina Limited’s share of AWAC; $66 in acquisitions of noncontrolling interests, mainly the result of the $60 paid to redeem the convertible securities of a subsidiary that were held by Alcoa’s former partner related to the joint venture in Saudi Arabia; and a change of $44 in short-term borrowings; partially offset by $1,126 in additions to long-term debt, of which $998 was for the issuance of 6.150% Notes due 2020 and $76 was related to borrowings under the loans that support the Estreito hydroelectric power project in Brazil.

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The source of cash in 2009 was principally the result of $1,049 in additions to long-term debt, mainly driven by net proceeds of $562 from the issuance of $575 in convertible notes and $394 in borrowings under loans that support the São Luís refinery expansion, Juruti bauxite mine development, and Estreito hydroelectric power project in Brazil; net proceeds of $876 from the issuance of 172.5 million shares of common stock; and net cash received from noncontrolling interests of $340, principally related to Alumina Limited’s share of AWAC; all of which was mostly offset by a $1,535 decrease in outstanding commercial paper, partly due to tightening in the credit markets and a reduction in market availability as a result of the change in Alcoa’s credit ratings in early 2009; $228 in dividends paid to shareholders; a $292 net change in short-term borrowings ($1,300 was borrowed and repaid under Alcoa’s $1,900 364-day senior unsecured revolving credit facility in early 2009 and $255 in new loans to support Alcoa Alumínio’s export operations was borrowed and repaid during 2009), mostly the result of repayments of working capital loans in Spain and Asia and a $155 decrease in accounts payable settlement arrangements; and payments on long-term debt of $156, including $97 related to the loans in Brazil for growth projects.

On July 25, 2011, Alcoa entered into a Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with a syndicate of lenders and issuers named therein. The Credit Agreement provides a $3,750 senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), the proceeds of which are to be used to provide working capital or for other general corporate purposes of Alcoa, including support of Alcoa’s commercial paper program. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement, Alcoa may from time to time request increases in lender commitments under the Credit Facility, not to exceed $500 in aggregate principal amount, and may also request the issuance of letters of credit, subject to a letter of credit sublimit of $1,000 under the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility matures on July 25, 2016, unless extended or earlier terminated in accordance with the provisions of the Credit Agreement. Alcoa may make two one-year extension requests during the term of the Credit Facility, with any extension being subject to the lender consent requirements set forth in the Credit Agreement. Under the provisions of the Credit Agreement, Alcoa will pay a fee of 0.25% (based on Alcoa’s long-term debt ratings as of December 31, 2011) of the total commitment per annum to maintain the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility is unsecured and amounts payable under it will rank pari passu with all other unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness of Alcoa. Borrowings under the Credit Facility may be denominated in U.S. dollars or euros. Loans will bear interest at a base rate or a rate equal to LIBOR, plus, in each case, an applicable margin based on the credit ratings of Alcoa’s outstanding senior unsecured long-term debt. The applicable margin on base rate loans and LIBOR loans will be 0.50% and 1.50% per annum, respectively, based on Alcoa’s long-term debt ratings as of December 31, 2011. Loans may be prepaid without premium or penalty, subject to customary breakage costs.

The Credit Facility replaces Alcoa’s Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2007 (the “Former Credit Agreement”), which was scheduled to mature on October 2, 2012. The Former Credit Agreement, which had a total capacity (excluding the commitment of Lehman Commercial Paper Inc.) of $3,275 and was undrawn, was terminated effective July 25, 2011.

The Credit Agreement includes covenants substantially similar to those in the Former Credit Agreement, including, among others, (a) a leverage ratio, (b) limitations on Alcoa’s ability to incur liens securing indebtedness for borrowed money, (c) limitations on Alcoa’s ability to consummate a merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of its assets, and (d) limitations on Alcoa’s ability to change the nature of its business. As of December 31, 2011, Alcoa was in compliance with all such covenants.

The obligation of Alcoa to pay amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an “Event of Default” as defined in the Credit Agreement. Such Events of Default include, among others, (a) Alcoa’s failure to pay the principal of, or interest on, borrowings under the Credit Facility, (b) any representation or warranty of Alcoa in the Credit Agreement proving to be materially false or misleading, (c) Alcoa’s breach of any of its covenants contained in the Credit Agreement, and (d) the bankruptcy or insolvency of Alcoa.

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There were no amounts outstanding at December 31, 2011 and no amounts were borrowed during 2011 under the Credit Facility. There were no amounts outstanding at December 31, 2010 and no amounts were borrowed during 2011 and 2010 under the Former Credit Agreement.

In February 2011, Alcoa filed an automatic shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission for an indeterminate amount of securities for future issuance. This shelf registration statement replaced Alcoa’s existing shelf registration statement (filed in March 2008). As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, $1,250 and $3,075 in senior debt securities were issued under the respective shelf registration statements.

Alcoa’s cost of borrowing and ability to access the capital markets are affected not only by market conditions but also by the short- and long-term debt ratings assigned to Alcoa’s debt by the major credit rating agencies.

On April 12, 2011, Standard and Poor’s Ratings Services (S&P) affirmed the following ratings for Alcoa: long-term debt at BBB- and short-term debt at A-3. Additionally, S&P changed the current outlook from negative to stable.

On March 2, 2011, Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s) confirmed the following ratings for Alcoa: long-term debt at Baa3 and short-term debt at Prime-3. Additionally, Moody’s changed the current outlook from negative to stable. On September 7, 2011, Moody’s affirmed the ratings and outlook published in its March 2, 2011 report.

On February 22, 2011, Fitch Ratings (Fitch) affirmed the following ratings for Alcoa: long-term debt at BBB- and short-term debt at F3. Additionally, Fitch changed the current outlook from negative to stable.

Investing Activities

Cash used for investing activities was $1,852 in 2011 compared with $1,272 in 2010 and $721 in 2009.

The use of cash in 2011 was principally due to $1,287 in capital expenditures (includes costs related to environmental control in new and expanded facilities of $148), 28% of which related to growth projects, including the Estreito hydroelectric power project and Juruti bauxite mine development; $374 in additions to investments, mostly for the equity contributions of $249 related to the aluminum complex joint venture in Saudi Arabia and purchase of $41 in available-for-sale securities held by Alcoa’s captive insurance company; and $239 (net of cash acquired for the acquisition of an aerospace fastener business); slightly offset by $54 in sales of investments, primarily related to available-for-sale securities held by Alcoa’s captive insurance company; and $38 in proceeds from the sale of assets, mainly attributable to the sale of land in Australia.

The use of cash in 2010 was primarily due to $1,015 in capital expenditures (includes costs related to environmental control in new and expanded facilities of $87), 44% of which related to growth projects, including the Estreito hydroelectric power project, Juruti bauxite mine development, and São Luís refinery expansion; $352 in additions to investments, mostly for the equity contributions of $160 related to the joint venture in Saudi Arabia and purchase of $126 in available-for-sale securities held by Alcoa’s captive insurance company; and $72 for acquisitions, principally related to the purchase of a new building and construction systems business; slightly offset by $141 in sales of investments, virtually all of which related to the sale of available-for-sale securities held by Alcoa’s captive insurance company.

The use of cash in 2009 was mainly due to $1,622 in capital expenditures (includes costs related to environmental control in new and expanded facilities of $59), 68% of which related to growth projects, including the São Luís refinery expansion, Juruti bauxite mine development, and Estreito hydroelectric power project; $181 in additions to investments, mostly for $83 in available-for-sale securities held by Alcoa’s captive insurance company and an $80 interest in a new joint venture in Saudi Arabia; and a net cash outflow of $65 for the divestiture of assets and businesses, including a cash outflow of $204 for the EES business, cash inflows of $111 for the collection of a note related to the 2007 sale of the Three Oaks mine and the sale of property in Vancouver, WA, and a cash inflow of $20 for the sale of the Shanghai (China) foil plant; all of which was partially offset by $1,031 from sales of investments, mostly related to the receipt of $1,021 for the sale of an equity investment; and a net cash inflow of $112 from

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acquisitions, mainly due to $97 from the acquisition of a BHP Billiton subsidiary in the Republic of Suriname and $18 from the Elkem/Sapa AB exchange transaction.

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Contractual Obligations. Alcoa is required to make future payments under various contracts, including long-term purchase obligations, debt agreements, and lease agreements. Alcoa also has commitments to fund its pension plans, provide payments for other postretirement benefit plans, and finance capital projects. As of December 31, 2011, a summary of Alcoa’s outstanding contractual obligations is as follows (these contractual obligations are grouped in the same manner as they are classified in the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows in order to provide a better understanding of the nature of the obligations and to provide a basis for comparison to historical information):

|  | Total |  |  | 2012 |  |  | 2013-2014 |  |  | 2015-2016 |  |  | Thereafter |
Operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Energy-related purchase obligations |  | $ | 22,094 |  |  | $ | 1,802 |  |  | $ | 3,008 |  |  | $ | 2,949 |  |  | $ | 14,335 |
Raw material purchase obligations |  |  | 4,978 |  |  |  | 1,963 |  |  |  | 1,403 |  |  |  | 963 |  |  |  | 649 |
Other purchase obligations |  |  | 3,249 |  |  |  | 244 |  |  |  | 491 |  |  |  | 358 |  |  |  | 2,156 |
Operating leases |  |  | 1,290 |  |  |  | 246 |  |  |  | 285 |  |  |  | 195 |  |  |  | 564 |
Interest related to total debt |  |  | 4,848 |  |  |  | 508 |  |  |  | 956 |  |  |  | 855 |  |  |  | 2,529 |
Estimated minimum required pension funding |  |  | 2,500 |  |  |  | 650 |  |  |  | 1,250 |  |  |  | 600 |  |  |  | - |
Other postretirement benefit payments |  |  | 2,660 |  |  |  | 285 |  |  |  | 565 |  |  |  | 545 |  |  |  | 1,265 |
Layoff and other restructuring payments |  |  | 134 |  |  |  | 85 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | - |
Deferred revenue arrangements |  |  | 238 |  |  |  | 109 |  |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 16 |  |  |  | 84 |
Uncertain tax positions |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 63 |
Financing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total debt |  |  | 9,366 |  |  |  | 731 |  |  |  | 1,292 |  |  |  | 71 |  |  |  | 7,272 |
Dividends to shareholders |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital projects |  |  | 1,351 |  |  |  | 711 |  |  |  | 583 |  |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | - |
Equity contributions |  |  | 691 |  |  |  | 350 |  |  |  | 341 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Payments related to acquisitions |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Totals |  | $ | 53,462 |  |  | $ | 7,684 |  |  | $ | 10,233 |  |  | $ | 6,628 |  |  | $ | 28,917 |

Obligations for Operating Activities

Energy-related purchase obligations consist primarily of electricity and natural gas contracts with expiration dates ranging from less than 1 year to 40 years. The majority of raw material and other purchase obligations have expiration dates of 24 months or less. Certain purchase obligations contain variable pricing components, and, as a result, actual cash payments may differ from the estimates provided in the preceding table. Operating leases represent multi-year obligations for certain computer equipment, plant equipment, vehicles, and buildings and alumina refinery process control technology.

Interest related to total debt is based on interest rates in effect as of December 31, 2011 and is calculated on debt with maturities that extend to 2037. The effect of outstanding interest rate swaps, which are accounted for as fair value hedges, are included in interest related to total debt. As of December 31, 2011, these hedges effectively convert the interest rate from fixed to floating on $515 of debt through 2018. As the contractual interest rates for certain debt and interest rate swaps are variable, actual cash payments may differ from the estimates provided in the preceding table.

Estimated minimum required pension funding and postretirement benefit payments are based on actuarial estimates using current assumptions for discount rates, long-term rate of return on plan assets, rate of compensation increases, and health care cost trend rates. The minimum required contributions for pension funding are estimated to be $650 for 2012, $650 for 2013, $600 for 2014, $400 for 2015, and $200 for 2016. These expected pension contributions reflect

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the impacts of the Pension Protection Act of 2006 and the Worker, Retiree, and Employer Recovery Act of 2008. Pension contributions are expected to continue to decline if all actuarial assumptions are realized and remain the same in the future. Other postretirement benefit payments are expected to approximate $270 to $285 annually for years 2012 through 2016 and $250 annually for years 2017 through 2021. Such payments will be slightly offset by subsidy receipts related to Medicare Part D, which are estimated to be approximately $25 to $35 annually for years 2012 through 2021. Alcoa has determined that it is not practicable to present pension funding and other postretirement benefit payments beyond 2016 and 2021, respectively.

Layoff and other restructuring payments primarily relate to severance costs and are expected to be paid within one year. Amounts scheduled to be paid beyond one year are related to lease termination costs, ongoing site remediation work, and special termination benefit payments.

Deferred revenue arrangements require Alcoa to deliver alumina and sheet and plate to certain customers over the specified contract period (through 2027 for one alumina contract and through 2012 and 2020 for two sheet and plate contracts). While these obligations are not expected to result in cash payments, they represent contractual obligations for which the Company would be obligated if the specified product deliveries could not be made.

Uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on an income tax return may result in additional payments to tax authorities. The amount in the preceding table includes interest and penalties accrued related to such positions as of December 31, 2011. The total amount of uncertain tax positions is included in the “Thereafter” column as the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the timing of potential future payments. If a tax authority agrees with the tax position taken or expected to be taken or the applicable statute of limitations expires, then additional payments will not be necessary.

Obligations for Financing Activities

Total debt amounts in the preceding table represent the principal amounts of all outstanding debt, including short-term borrowings, commercial paper, and long-term debt. Maturities for long-term debt extend to 2037.

Alcoa has historically paid quarterly dividends on its preferred and common stock. Including dividends on preferred stock, Alcoa paid $131 in dividends to shareholders during 2011. Because all dividends are subject to approval by Alcoa’s Board of Directors, amounts are not included in the preceding table unless such authorization has occurred. As of December 31, 2011, there were 1,064,412,066 and 546,024 shares of outstanding common stock and preferred stock, respectively. The annual preferred stock dividend is at the rate of $3.75 per share and the annual common stock dividend is $0.12 per share.

Obligations for Investing Activities

Capital projects in the preceding table only include amounts approved by management as of December 31, 2011. Funding levels may vary in future years based on anticipated construction schedules of the projects. It is expected that significant expansion projects will be funded through various sources, including cash provided from operations. Total capital expenditures are anticipated to be approximately $1,350 in 2012.

Equity contributions represent Alcoa’s committed investment related to a joint venture in Saudi Arabia. In December 2009, Alcoa signed an agreement to enter into a joint venture to develop a new aluminum complex in Saudi Arabia, comprised of a bauxite mine, alumina refinery, aluminum smelter, and rolling mill, which will require the Company to contribute approximately $1,100 over a four-year period (2010 through 2013). As of December 31, 2011, Alcoa has made equity contributions of $409. The timing of the amounts included in the preceding table may vary based on changes in anticipated construction schedules of the project.

Payments related to acquisitions are based on provisions in certain acquisition agreements that state additional funds are due to the seller from Alcoa if the businesses acquired achieve stated financial and operational thresholds. Amounts

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are only presented in the preceding table if it is has been determined that payment is more likely than not to occur. In connection with the 2005 acquisition of two fabricating facilities in Russia, Alcoa could be required to make contingent payments of approximately $50 through 2015, but are not included in the preceding table as they have not met such standard.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. At December 31, 2011, Alcoa has maximum potential future payments for guarantees issued on behalf of certain third parties of $779. These guarantees expire in 2015 through 2027 and relate to project financing for hydroelectric power projects in Brazil and the aluminum complex in Saudi Arabia. Alcoa also has outstanding bank guarantees related to legal, customs duties, and leasing obligations, among others. The total amount committed under these guarantees, which expire at various dates, was $436 at December 31, 2011.

Alcoa has outstanding letters of credit primarily related to workers’ compensation, derivative contracts, and leasing obligations. The total amount committed under these letters of credit, which expire at various dates, mostly in 2012, was $334 at December 31, 2011. Alcoa also has outstanding surety bonds primarily related to customs duties, self-insurance, and legal obligations. The total amount committed under these bonds, which automatically renew or expire at various dates, mostly in 2012, was $183 at December 31, 2011.

Alcoa had a program to sell a senior undivided interest in certain customer receivables, without recourse, on a continuous basis to a third-party for cash (up to $250). This program was renewed on October 29, 2009 and was due to expire on October 28, 2010. On March 26, 2010, Alcoa terminated this program and repaid the $250 originally received in 2009. In light of the adoption of accounting changes related to the transfer of financial assets, had the securitization program not been terminated, it would have resulted in a $250 increase in both Receivables from customers and Short-term borrowings on Alcoa’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Also on March 26, 2010, Alcoa entered into two one-year arrangements (both were renewed in March 2011) with third parties to sell certain customer receivables outright without recourse on a continuous basis. Additionally, in November 2011, Alcoa entered into a five-year arrangement with another third party to sell additional customer receivables outright without recourse on a continuous basis. As of December 31, 2011, $212 of the sold receivables under the three arrangements combined were uncollected. Alcoa is servicing the customer receivables for the third parties at market rates; therefore, no servicing asset or liability was recorded.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make certain judgments, estimates, and assumptions regarding uncertainties that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosed in the accompanying Notes. Areas that require significant judgments, estimates, and assumptions include accounting for derivatives and hedging activities; environmental and litigation matters; asset retirement obligations; the testing of goodwill, equity investments, and properties, plants, and equipment for impairment; estimating fair value of businesses to be divested; pension plans and other postretirement benefits obligations; stock-based compensation; and income taxes.

Management uses historical experience and all available information to make these judgments, estimates, and assumptions, and actual results may differ from those used to prepare the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements at any given time. Despite these inherent limitations, management believes that Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes provide a meaningful and fair perspective of the Company.

A summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies is included in Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K. Management believes that the application of these policies on a consistent basis enables the Company to provide the users of the Consolidated Financial Statements with useful and reliable information about the Company’s operating results and financial condition.

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Derivatives and Hedging. Derivatives are held for purposes other than trading and are part of a formally documented risk management program. For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, Alcoa measures hedge effectiveness by formally assessing, at least quarterly, the historical high correlation of changes in the fair value of the hedged item and the derivative hedging instrument. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, Alcoa measures hedge effectiveness by formally assessing, at least quarterly, the probable high correlation of the expected future cash flows of the hedged item and the derivative hedging instrument. The ineffective portions of both types of hedges are recorded in sales or other income or expense in the current period. If the hedging relationship ceases to be highly effective or it becomes probable that an expected transaction will no longer occur, future gains or losses on the derivative instrument are recorded in other income or expense.

Alcoa accounts for interest rate swaps related to its existing long-term debt and hedges of firm customer commitments for aluminum as fair value hedges. As a result, the fair values of the derivatives and changes in the fair values of the underlying hedged items are reported in other current and noncurrent assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Changes in the fair values of these derivatives and underlying hedged items generally offset and are recorded each period in sales or interest expense, consistent with the underlying hedged item.

Alcoa accounts for hedges of foreign currency exposures and certain forecasted transactions as cash flow hedges. The fair values of the derivatives are recorded in other current and noncurrent assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The effective portions of the changes in the fair values of these derivatives are recorded in other comprehensive income and are reclassified to sales, cost of goods sold, or other income or expense in the period in which earnings are impacted by the hedged items or in the period that the transaction no longer qualifies as a cash flow hedge. These contracts cover the same periods as known or expected exposures, generally not exceeding five years.

If no hedging relationship is designated, the derivative is marked to market through earnings.

Cash flows from derivatives are recognized in the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows in a manner consistent with the underlying transactions.

Environmental Matters. Expenditures for current operations are expensed or capitalized, as appropriate. Expenditures relating to existing conditions caused by past operations, which will not contribute to future revenues, are expensed. Liabilities are recorded when remediation costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. The liability may include costs such as site investigations, consultant fees, feasibility studies, outside contractors, and monitoring expenses. Estimates are generally not discounted or reduced by potential claims for recovery. Claims for recovery are recognized as agreements are reached with third parties. The estimates also include costs related to other potentially responsible parties to the extent that Alcoa has reason to believe such parties will not fully pay their proportionate share. The liability is continuously reviewed and adjusted to reflect current remediation progress, prospective estimates of required activity, and other factors that may be relevant, including changes in technology or regulations.

Litigation Matters. For asserted claims and assessments, liabilities are recorded when an unfavorable outcome of a matter is deemed to be probable and the loss is reasonably estimable. Management determines the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome based on many factors such as the nature of the matter, available defenses and case strategy, progress of the matter, views and opinions of legal counsel and other advisors, applicability and success of appeals processes, and the outcome of similar historical matters, among others. Once an unfavorable outcome is deemed probable, management weighs the probability of estimated losses, and the most reasonable loss estimate is recorded. If an unfavorable outcome of a matter is deemed to be reasonably possible, then the matter is disclosed and no liability is recorded. With respect to unasserted claims or assessments, management must first determine that the probability that an assertion will be made is likely, then, a determination as to the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to reasonably estimate the potential loss is made. Legal matters are reviewed on a continuous basis to determine if there has been a change in management’s judgment regarding the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or the estimate of a potential loss.

Asset Retirement Obligations. Alcoa recognizes asset retirement obligations (AROs) related to legal obligations associated with the normal operation of Alcoa’s bauxite mining, alumina refining, and aluminum smelting facilities. These AROs consist primarily of costs associated with spent pot lining disposal, closure of bauxite residue areas, mine

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reclamation, and landfill closure. Alcoa also recognizes AROs for any significant lease restoration obligation, if required by a lease agreement, and for the disposal of regulated waste materials related to the demolition of certain power facilities. The fair values of these AROs are recorded on a discounted basis, at the time the obligation is incurred, and accreted over time for the change in present value. Additionally, Alcoa capitalizes asset retirement costs by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived assets and depreciating these assets over their remaining useful life.

Certain conditional asset retirement obligations (CAROs) related to alumina refineries, aluminum smelters, and fabrication facilities have not been recorded in the Consolidated Financial Statements due to uncertainties surrounding the ultimate settlement date. A CARO is a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and (or) method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within Alcoa’s control. Such uncertainties exist as a result of the perpetual nature of the structures, maintenance and upgrade programs, and other factors. At the date a reasonable estimate of the ultimate settlement date can be made, Alcoa would record an ARO for the removal, treatment, transportation, storage and (or) disposal of various regulated assets and hazardous materials such as asbestos, underground and aboveground storage tanks, polychlorinated biphenyls, various process residuals, solid wastes, electronic equipment waste, and various other materials. Such amounts may be material to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period in which they are recorded. If Alcoa was required to demolish all such structures immediately, the estimated CARO as of December 31, 2011 ranges from less than $1 to $52 per structure (131 structures) in today’s dollars.

Goodwill. Goodwill is not amortized; instead, it is reviewed for impairment annually (in the fourth quarter) or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist or if a decision is made to sell a business. A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include deterioration in general economic conditions, negative developments in equity and credit markets, adverse changes in the markets in which an entity operates, increases in input costs that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows, or a trend of negative or declining cash flows over multiple periods, among others. The fair value that could be realized in an actual transaction may differ from that used to evaluate the impairment of goodwill.

Goodwill is allocated among and evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. Alcoa has nine reporting units, of which five are included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment. The remaining four reporting units are the Alumina segment, the Primary Metals segment, the Flat-Rolled Products segment, and the soft alloy extrusions business in Brazil, which is included in Corporate. Almost 90% of Alcoa’s total goodwill is allocated to three reporting units as follows: Alcoa Fastening Systems (AFS) ($1,153) and Alcoa Power and Propulsion (APP) ($1,627) businesses, both of which are included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment, and Primary Metals ($1,841). These amounts include an allocation of Corporate’s goodwill.

In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued new accounting guidance for testing goodwill for impairment (see the Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance section of Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K). The guidance provides an entity the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not (more than 50%) that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If an entity elects to perform a qualitative assessment and determines that an impairment is more likely than not, the entity is then required to perform the existing two-step quantitative impairment test (described below), otherwise no further analysis is required. An entity also may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test. The ultimate outcome of the goodwill impairment review for a reporting unit should be the same whether an entity chooses to perform the qualitative assessment or proceeds directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test.

In the 2011 fourth quarter, in conjunction with management’s annual review of goodwill, Alcoa early adopted the new guidance. As a result, Alcoa instituted a policy for its annual review of goodwill to perform the qualitative assessment for all reporting units not subjected directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test. Management will proceed

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directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test for a minimum of three reporting units (based on facts and circumstances) during each annual review of goodwill. This policy will result in each of the nine reporting units being subjected to the two-step quantitative impairment test at least once during every three-year period.

Under the qualitative assessment, various events and circumstances (or factors) that would affect the estimated fair value of a reporting unit are identified (similar to impairment indicators above). These factors are then classified by the type of impact they would have on the estimated fair value using positive, neutral, and adverse categories based on current business conditions. Additionally, an assessment of the level of impact that a particular factor would have on the estimated fair value is determined using high, medium, and low weighting. Furthermore, management considers the results of the most recent two-step quantitative impairment test completed for a reporting unit (this would be 2010 in which the estimated fair values of all nine reporting units were substantially in excess of their carrying values) and compares the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) between the current and prior years for each reporting unit.

During the 2011 annual review of goodwill, management performed the qualitative assessment for six reporting units. Management concluded that it was not more likely than not that the estimated fair values of the six reporting units were less than their carrying values. As such, no further analysis was required.

Under the two-step quantitative impairment test, the evaluation of impairment involves comparing the current fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. Alcoa uses a DCF model to estimate the current fair value of its reporting units when testing for impairment, as management believes forecasted cash flows are the best indicator of such fair value. A number of significant assumptions and estimates are involved in the application of the DCF model to forecast operating cash flows, including markets and market share, sales volumes and prices, costs to produce, tax rates, capital spending, discount rate, and working capital changes. Most of these assumptions vary significantly among the reporting units. Cash flow forecasts are generally based on approved business unit operating plans for the early years and historical relationships in later years. The betas used in calculating the individual reporting units’ WACC rate are estimated for each business with the assistance of valuation experts.

In the event the estimated fair value of a reporting unit per the DCF model is less than the carrying value, additional analysis would be required. The additional analysis would compare the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the implied fair value of that goodwill, which may involve the use of valuation experts. The implied fair value of goodwill is the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over the fair value amounts assigned to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit as if the reporting unit was acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit represented the purchase price. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, an impairment loss equal to such excess would be recognized, which could significantly and adversely impact reported results of operations and shareholders’ equity.

During the 2011 annual review of goodwill, management proceeded directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test for three reporting units as follows: the Primary Metals segment, building and construction systems, which is included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment, and the soft alloy extrusions business in Brazil. The estimated fair values of these three reporting units were substantially in excess of their carrying values, resulting in no impairment.

As part of the 2011 annual review of goodwill, management considered the market capitalization of Alcoa’s common stock in relation to the Company’s total shareholders’ equity. At December 31, 2011, the market capitalization of Alcoa’s common stock was $9,207. While this amount is less than the Company’s total shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2011, the estimated aggregate fair value of Alcoa’s reporting units was substantially in excess of the aforementioned market capitalization amount. In management’s judgment, the main reasons for the difference between Alcoa’s market capitalization and total shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2011 are the overall decline in the capital markets and significantly lower commodity prices. As it relates to the capital markets, there was, and continues to be, significant uncertainty of the sovereign debt of many European countries. This uncertainty has affected the liquidity of many companies that either operate or are located in Europe, although, Alcoa has not been impacted significantly. The combination of this uncertainty and the continuing decline in commodity prices caused significant and volatile fluctuations in the price of Alcoa’s common stock. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the market price of Alcoa’s common stock was $8.65 and $15.39, respectively, which equates to a decline of 44%. During 2011, the size and

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structure of the Company did not change and there were no specific events or transactions that would cause management to reasonably expect such a decline in the market price of Alcoa’s common stock. As a result, management believes the quoted market price of Alcoa’s common stock does not fully reflect the underlying value of the future aggregate cash flows of the Company’s reporting units. Accordingly, management does not believe that the comparison of Alcoa’s market capitalization and total shareholders’ equity as of December 31, 2011 is an indication that goodwill is impaired.

Equity Investments. Alcoa invests in a number of privately-held companies, primarily through joint ventures and consortia, which are accounted for on the equity method. The equity method is applied in situations where Alcoa has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee. Management reviews equity investments for impairment whenever certain indicators are present suggesting that the carrying value of an investment is not recoverable. This analysis requires a significant amount of judgment from management to identify events or circumstances indicating that an equity investment is impaired. The following items are examples of impairment indicators: significant, sustained declines in an investee’s revenue, earnings, and cash flow trends; adverse market conditions of the investee’s industry or geographic area; the investee’s ability to continue operations measured by several items, including liquidity; and other factors. Once an impairment indicator is identified, management uses considerable judgment to determine if the impairment is other than temporary, in which case the equity investment is written down to its estimated fair value. An impairment that is other than temporary could significantly and adversely impact reported results of operations.

Properties, Plants, and Equipment. Properties, plants, and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets (asset group) may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is determined by comparing the estimated undiscounted net cash flows of the operations related to the assets (asset group) to their carrying amount. An impairment loss would be recognized when the carrying amount of the assets (asset group) exceeds the estimated undiscounted net cash flows. The amount of the impairment loss to be recorded is calculated as the excess of the carrying value of the assets (asset group) over their fair value, with fair value determined using the best information available, which generally is a DCF model. The determination of what constitutes an asset group, the associated estimated undiscounted net cash flows, and the estimated useful lives of assets also require significant judgments.

Discontinued Operations and Assets Held For Sale. The fair values of all businesses to be divested are estimated using accepted valuation techniques such as a DCF model, valuations performed by third parties, earnings multiples, or indicative bids, when available. A number of significant estimates and assumptions are involved in the application of these techniques, including the forecasting of markets and market share, sales volumes and prices, costs and expenses, and multiple other factors. Management considers historical experience and all available information at the time the estimates are made; however, the fair value that is ultimately realized upon the divestiture of a business may differ from the estimated fair value reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits. Liabilities and expenses for pension and other postretirement benefits are determined using actuarial methodologies and incorporate significant assumptions, including the interest rate used to discount the future estimated liability, the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, and several assumptions relating to the employee workforce (salary increases, health care cost trend rates, retirement age, and mortality).

The interest rate used to discount future estimated liabilities is determined using a Company-specific yield curve model (above-median) developed with the assistance of an external actuary. The cash flows of the plans’ projected benefit obligations are discounted using a single equivalent rate derived from yields on high quality corporate bonds, which represent a broad diversification of issuers in various sectors, including finance and banking, manufacturing, transportation, insurance, and pharmaceutical, among others. The yield curve model parallels the plans’ projected cash flows, which have an average duration of 10 years, and the underlying cash flows of the bonds included in the model exceed the cash flows needed to satisfy the Company’s plans’ obligations multiple times. In 2011, 2010, and 2009, the discount rate used to determine benefit obligations for U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit plans was 4.90%, 5.75%, and 6.15%, respectively. The impact on the liabilities of a change in the discount rate of 1/4 of 1% would be approximately $425 and either a charge or credit of $18 to after-tax earnings in the following year.

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The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is generally applied to a five-year market-related value of plan assets (a four-year average or the fair value at the plan measurement date is used for certain non-U.S. plans). The process used by management to develop this assumption has expanded from one that relied primarily on historical asset return information to one that also incorporates forward-looking returns by asset class, as described below.

Prior to developing the expected long-term rate of return for calendar year 2009, management focused on historical actual returns (annual, 10-year moving, and 20-year moving averages) when developing this assumption. Based on that process, management utilized 9% for the expected long-term rate of return for several years through 2008. For calendar year 2009, the expected long-term rate of return was reduced to 8.75% due to lower future expected market returns as a result of the then global economic downturn. This was supported by the fact that, in 2008, the 10-year moving average of actual performance fell below 9% for the first time in 20 years, although the 20-year moving average continued to exceed 9%.

For calendar year 2010, management expanded its process by incorporating expected future returns on current and planned asset allocations using information from various external investment managers and management’s own judgment. Management considered this forward-looking analysis as well as the historical return information, and concluded the expected rate of return for calendar 2010 would remain at 8.75%, which was between the 20-year moving average actual return performance and the estimated future return developed by asset class.

For calendar year 2011, management again incorporated both actual historical return information and expected future returns into its analysis. Based on strategic asset allocation changes and estimates of future returns by asset class, management used 8.50% as its expected long-term rate of return for 2011. This rate again falls within the range of the 20-year moving average of actual performance and the expected future return developed by asset class.

For calendar year 2012, management used the same methodology as it did for 2011 and determined that 8.50% will be the expected long-term rate of return.

A change in the assumption for the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets of 1/4 of 1% would impact after-tax earnings by approximately $16 for 2012.

In 2011, a net charge of $991 ($593 after-tax) was recorded in other comprehensive loss, primarily due to an 85 basis point decrease in the discount rate, which was slightly offset by the favorable performance of the plan assets and the recognition of actuarial losses and prior service costs. In 2010, a net charge of $216 ($138 after-tax) was recorded in other comprehensive income, primarily due to a 40 basis point decrease in the discount rate, which was somewhat offset by the favorable performance of the plan assets and the recognition of actuarial losses and prior service costs. In 2009, a net charge of $182 ($102 after-tax) was recorded in other comprehensive income, primarily due to a 25 basis point decrease in the discount rate, which was somewhat offset by the favorable performance of the plan assets and the recognition of actuarial losses and prior service costs. Additionally, in 2010 and 2009, a charge of $2 and $8, respectively, was recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss due to the reclassification of deferred taxes related to the Medicare Part D prescription drug subsidy.

Stock-based Compensation. Alcoa recognizes compensation expense for employee equity grants using the non-substantive vesting period approach, in which the expense (net of estimated forfeitures) is recognized ratably over the requisite service period based on the grant date fair value. The fair value of new stock options is estimated on the date of grant using a lattice-pricing model. Determining the fair value of stock options at the grant date requires judgment, including estimates for the average risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, volatility, annual forfeiture rate, and exercise behavior. These assumptions may differ significantly between grant dates because of changes in the actual results of these inputs that occur over time.

As part of Alcoa’s stock-based compensation plan design, individuals who are retirement-eligible have a six-month requisite service period in the year of grant. Equity grants are issued in January each year. As a result, a larger portion of expense will be recognized in the first half of each year for these retirement-eligible employees. Compensation

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expense recorded in 2011, 2010, and 2009 was $83 ($56 after-tax), $84 ($57 after-tax), and $87 ($58 after-tax), respectively. Of this amount, $18, $19, and $21 in 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, pertains to the acceleration of expense related to retirement-eligible employees.

Most plan participants can choose whether to receive their award in the form of stock options, stock awards, or a combination of both. This choice is made before the grant is issued and is irrevocable.

Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, the provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable (or received or receivable) for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid, and result from differences between the financial and tax bases of Alcoa’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when enacted.

Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, management considers all potential sources of taxable income, including income available in carryback periods, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, projections of taxable income, and income from tax planning strategies, as well as all available positive and negative evidence. Positive evidence includes factors such as a history of profitable operations, projections of future profitability within the carryforward period, including from tax planning strategies, and the Company’s experience with similar operations. Existing favorable contracts and the ability to sell products into established markets are additional positive evidence. Negative evidence includes items such as cumulative losses, projections of future losses, or carryforward periods that are not long enough to allow for the utilization of a deferred tax asset based on existing projections of income. Deferred tax assets for which no valuation allowance is recorded may not be realized upon changes in facts and circumstances, resulting in a future charge to establish a valuation allowance.

Tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return are recorded when such benefits meet a more likely than not threshold. Otherwise, these tax benefits are recorded when a tax position has been effectively settled, which means that the statute of limitation has expired or the appropriate taxing authority has completed their examination even though the statute of limitations remains open. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized as part of the provision for income taxes and are accrued beginning in the period that such interest and penalties would be applicable under relevant tax law until such time that the related tax benefits are recognized.

Related Party Transactions

Alcoa buys products from and sells products to various related companies, consisting of entities in which Alcoa retains a 50% or less equity interest, at negotiated arms-length prices between the two parties. These transactions were not material to the financial position or results of operations of Alcoa for all periods presented.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

See the Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance section of Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance

See the Recently Issued Accounting Guidance section of Note A to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

See the Derivatives section of Note X to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

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Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Management’s Reports to Alcoa Shareholders

Management’s Report on Financial Statements and Practices

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements of Alcoa Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) were prepared by management, which is responsible for their integrity and objectivity. The statements were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and include amounts that are based on management’s best judgments and estimates. The other financial information included in the annual report is consistent with that in the financial statements.

Management also recognizes its responsibility for conducting the Company’s affairs according to the highest standards of personal and corporate conduct. This responsibility is characterized and reflected in key policy statements issued from time to time regarding, among other things, conduct of its business activities within the laws of the host countries in which the Company operates and potentially conflicting outside business interests of its employees. The Company maintains a systematic program to assess compliance with these policies.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, management has conducted an assessment, including testing, using the criteria in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s system of internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Based on the assessment, management has concluded that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the COSO.

The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is included herein.

/s/ Klaus Kleinfeld
Klaus Kleinfeld Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Charles D. McLane, Jr.
Charles D. McLane, Jr. Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Alcoa Inc.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related statements of consolidated operations, changes in consolidated equity, consolidated comprehensive (loss) income, and consolidated cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Alcoa Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) at December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

February 16, 2012

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Alcoa and subsidiaries

Statement of Consolidated Operations

(in millions, except per-share amounts)

For the year ended December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Sales (Q) |  | $ | 24,951 |  |  | $ | 21,013 |  |  | $ | 18,439 |
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of expenses below) |  |  | 20,480 |  |  |  | 17,174 |  |  |  | 16,902 |
Selling, general administrative, and other expenses |  |  | 1,027 |  |  |  | 961 |  |  |  | 1,009 |
Research and development expenses |  |  | 184 |  |  |  | 174 |  |  |  | 169 |
Provision for depreciation, depletion, and amortization |  |  | 1,479 |  |  |  | 1,450 |  |  |  | 1,311 |
Restructuring and other charges (D) |  |  | 281 |  |  |  | 207 |  |  |  | 237 |
Interest expense (V) |  |  | 524 |  |  |  | 494 |  |  |  | 470 |
Other (income) expenses, net (O) |  |  | (87 | ) |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | (161 | )
Total costs and expenses |  |  | 23,888 |  |  |  | 20,465 |  |  |  | 19,937 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes |  |  | 1,063 |  |  |  | 548 |  |  |  | (1,498 | )
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (T) |  |  | 255 |  |  |  | 148 |  |  |  | (574 | )
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  |  | 808 |  |  |  | 400 |  |  |  | (924 | )
Loss from discontinued operations (B) |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | (166 | )
Net income (loss) |  |  | 805 |  |  |  | 392 |  |  |  | (1,090 | )
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  |  | 194 |  |  |  | 138 |  |  |  | 61 |
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Alcoa |  | $ | 611 |  |  | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | (1,151 | )
Amounts Attributable to Alcoa Common Shareholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | 614 |  |  | $ | 262 |  |  | $ | (985 | )
Loss from discontinued operations |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | (166 | )
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 611 |  |  | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | (1,151 | )
Earnings per Share Attributable to Alcoa Common Shareholders (S): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | 0.58 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | (1.06 | )
Loss from discontinued operations |  |  | (0.01 | ) |  |  | – |  |  |  | (0.17 | )
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 0.57 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | (1.23 | )
Diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | (1.06 | )
Loss from discontinued operations |  |  | – |  |  |  | (0.01 | ) |  |  | (0.17 | )
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | 0.24 |  |  | $ | (1.23 | )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Alcoa and subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheet

(in millions)

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents (X) |  | $ | 1,939 |  |  | $ | 1,543 |
Receivables from customers, less allowances of $46 in both 2011 and 2010 (U) |  |  | 1,571 |  |  |  | 1,591 |
Other receivables |  |  | 371 |  |  |  | 326 |
Inventories (G) |  |  | 2,899 |  |  |  | 2,584 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |  |  | 933 |  |  |  | 875 |
Total current assets |  |  | 7,713 |  |  |  | 6,919 |
Properties, plants, and equipment, net (H) |  |  | 19,416 |  |  |  | 20,183 |
Goodwill (E) |  |  | 5,251 |  |  |  | 5,122 |
Investments (I) |  |  | 1,626 |  |  |  | 1,340 |
Deferred income taxes (T) |  |  | 3,546 |  |  |  | 3,184 |
Other noncurrent assets (J) |  |  | 2,568 |  |  |  | 2,545 |
Total Assets |  | $ | 40,120 |  |  | $ | 39,293 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term borrowings (K & X) |  | $ | 62 |  |  | $ | 92 |
Commercial paper (K & X) |  |  | 224 |  |  |  | - |
Accounts payable, trade |  |  | 2,692 |  |  |  | 2,331 |
Accrued compensation and retirement costs |  |  | 985 |  |  |  | 932 |
Taxes, including income taxes |  |  | 438 |  |  |  | 461 |
Other current liabilities |  |  | 1,167 |  |  |  | 1,204 |
Long-term debt due within one year (K & X) |  |  | 445 |  |  |  | 231 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 6,013 |  |  |  | 5,251 |
Long-term debt, less amount due within one year (K & X) |  |  | 8,640 |  |  |  | 8,842 |
Accrued pension benefits (W) |  |  | 3,261 |  |  |  | 2,923 |
Accrued other postretirement benefits (W) |  |  | 2,583 |  |  |  | 2,615 |
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits (L) |  |  | 2,428 |  |  |  | 2,576 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 22,925 |  |  |  | 22,207 |
Contingencies and commitments (N) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Alcoa shareholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock (R) |  |  | 55 |  |  |  | 55 |
Common stock (R) |  |  | 1,178 |  |  |  | 1,141 |
Additional capital |  |  | 7,561 |  |  |  | 7,087 |
Retained earnings |  |  | 11,629 |  |  |  | 11,149 |
Treasury stock, at cost |  |  | (3,952 | ) |  |  | (4,146 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (2,627 | ) |  |  | (1,675 | )
Total Alcoa shareholders’ equity |  |  | 13,844 |  |  |  | 13,611 |
Noncontrolling interests (M) |  |  | 3,351 |  |  |  | 3,475 |
Total equity |  |  | 17,195 |  |  |  | 17,086 |
Total Liabilities and Equity |  | $ | 40,120 |  |  | $ | 39,293 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows

(in millions)

For the year ended December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Cash from Operations |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 805 |  |  | $ | 392 |  |  | $ | (1,090 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash from operations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization |  |  | 1,481 |  |  |  | 1,451 |  |  |  | 1,311 |
Deferred income taxes (T) |  |  | (181 | ) |  |  | (287 | ) |  |  | (596 | )
Equity (income) loss, net of dividends |  |  | (26 | ) |  |  | (22 | ) |  |  | 39 |
Restructuring and other charges (D) |  |  | 281 |  |  |  | 207 |  |  |  | 237 |
Net gain from investing activities—asset sales (O) |  |  | (41 | ) |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | (106 | )
Loss from discontinued operations (B) |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 166 |
Stock-based compensation (R) |  |  | 83 |  |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | 87 |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based payment arrangements |  |  | (6 | ) |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | - |
Other |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | 151 |  |  |  | 219 |
Changes in assets and liabilities, excluding effects of acquisitions, divestitures, and foreign currency translation adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Increase) decrease in receivables |  |  | (115 | ) |  |  | (102 | ) |  |  | 685 |
(Increase) decrease in inventories |  |  | (339 | ) |  |  | (217 | ) |  |  | 1,268 |
Decrease in prepaid expenses and other current assets |  |  | 74 |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 126 |
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable, trade |  |  | 394 |  |  |  | 328 |  |  |  | (634 | )
(Decrease) in accrued expenses |  |  | (38 | ) |  |  | (239 | ) |  |  | (98 | )
Increase (decrease) in taxes, including income taxes |  |  | 118 |  |  |  | 503 |  |  |  | (143 | )
Pension contributions (W) |  |  | (336 | ) |  |  | (113 | ) |  |  | (128 | )
(Increase) in noncurrent assets |  |  | (154 | ) |  |  | (83 | ) |  |  | (201 | )
Increase in noncurrent liabilities |  |  | 147 |  |  |  | 183 |  |  |  | 234 |
(Increase) in net assets held for sale (B) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | 3 |
Cash provided from continuing operations |  |  | 2,203 |  |  |  | 2,254 |  |  |  | 1,379 |
Cash (used for) provided from discontinued operations |  |  | (10 | ) |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | (14 | )
Cash provided from operations |  |  | 2,193 |  |  |  | 2,261 |  |  |  | 1,365 |
Financing Activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net change in short-term borrowings (K) |  |  | (31 | ) |  |  | (44 | ) |  |  | (292 | )
Net change in commercial paper (K) |  |  | 224 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,535 | )
Additions to long-term debt (K) |  |  | 1,256 |  |  |  | 1,126 |  |  |  | 1,049 |
Debt issuance costs (K) |  |  | (17 | ) |  |  | (6 | ) |  |  | (17 | )
Payments on long-term debt (K) |  |  | (1,194 | ) |  |  | (1,757 | ) |  |  | (156 | )
Proceeds from exercise of employee stock options (R) |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | - |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based payment arrangements |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | - |
Issuance of common stock (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 876 |
Dividends paid to shareholders |  |  | (131 | ) |  |  | (125 | ) |  |  | (228 | )
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |  |  | (257 | ) |  |  | (256 | ) |  |  | (140 | )
Contributions from noncontrolling interests (I & M) |  |  | 169 |  |  |  | 162 |  |  |  | 480 |
Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests (I) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (66 | ) |  |  | - |
Cash provided from (used for) financing activities |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | (952 | ) |  |  | 37 |
Investing Activities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  |  | (1,287 | ) |  |  | (1,015 | ) |  |  | (1,617 | )
Capital expenditures of discontinued operations |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (5 | )
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired (F & P) |  |  | (240 | ) |  |  | (72 | ) |  |  | 112 |
Proceeds from the sale of assets and businesses (F) |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | (65 | )
Additions to investments (I) |  |  | (374 | ) |  |  | (352 | ) |  |  | (181 | )
Sales of investments (I) |  |  | 54 |  |  |  | 141 |  |  |  | 1,031 |
Other |  |  | (43 | ) |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 4 |
Cash used for investing activities |  |  | (1,852 | ) |  |  | (1,272 | ) |  |  | (721 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 38 |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 396 |  |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 719 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |  |  | 1,543 |  |  |  | 1,481 |  |  |  | 762 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |  | $ | 1,939 |  |  | $ | 1,543 |  |  | $ | 1,481 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Statement of Changes in Consolidated Equity

(in millions, except per-share amounts)

|  | Alcoa Inc. Shareholders |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Preferred stock |  |  | Common stock |  |  | Additional capital |  |  | Retained earnings |  |  | Treasury stock |  |  | Accumulated other compre- hensive loss |  |  | Noncontrolling interests |  |  | Total equity |
Balance at December 31, 2008 |  | $ | 55 |  |  | $ | 925 |  |  | $ | 5,850 |  |  | $ | 12,400 |  |  | $ | (4,326 | ) |  | $ | (3,169 | ) |  | $ | 2,597 |  |  | $ | 14,332 |
Net (loss) income |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,151 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 61 |  |  |  | (1,090 | )
Other comprehensive income |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,077 |  |  |  | 323 |  |  |  | 1,400 |
Cash dividends declared: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred @ $3.75 per share |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2 | )
Common @ $0.26 per share |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (227 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (227 | )
Beneficial conversion option on convertible notes, net of tax |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 43 |
Stock-based compensation (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 87 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 87 |
Common stock issued: compensation plans (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (76 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | 58 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (18 | )
Issuance of common stock (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | 172 |  |  |  | 704 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 876 |
Distributions |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (140 | ) |  |  | (140 | )
Contributions (M) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 440 |  |  |  | 440 |
Purchase of equity from noncontrolling interest (F) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (179 | ) |  |  | (179 | )
Other |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (2 | )
Balance at December 31, 2009 |  |  | 55 |  |  |  | 1,097 |  |  |  | 6,608 |  |  |  | 11,020 |  |  |  | (4,268 | ) |  |  | (2,092 | ) |  |  | 3,100 |  |  |  | 15,520 |
Net income |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 254 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 138 |  |  |  | 392 |
Other comprehensive income |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 417 |  |  |  | 334 |  |  |  | 751 |
Cash dividends declared: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred @ $3.75 per share |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2 | )
Common @ $0.12 per share |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (123 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (123 | )
Stock-based compensation (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 84 |
Common stock issued: compensation plans (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (139 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | 122 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (17 | )
Issuance of common stock (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | 44 |  |  |  | 556 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 600 |
Distributions |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (256 | ) |  |  | (256 | )
Contributions (M) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 162 |  |  |  | 162 |
Purchase of equity from noncontrolling interest (P) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (4 | ) |  |  | (6 | )
Other (I) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (20 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (19 | )
Balance at December 31, 2010 |  |  | 55 |  |  |  | 1,141 |  |  |  | 7,087 |  |  |  | 11,149 |  |  |  | (4,146 | ) |  |  | (1,675 | ) |  |  | 3,475 |  |  |  | 17,086 |
Net income |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 611 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 194 |  |  |  | 805 |
Other comprehensive loss |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (952 | ) |  |  | (229 | ) |  |  | (1,181 | )
Cash dividends declared: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred @ $3.75 per share |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2 | )
Common @ $0.12 per share |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (129 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (129 | )
Stock-based compensation (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 83 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 83 |
Common stock issued: compensation plans (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (172 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | 194 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 22 |
Issuance of common stock (R) |  |  | - |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 563 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 600 |
Distributions |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (257 | ) |  |  | (257 | )
Contributions (M) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 169 |  |  |  | 169 |
Other |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (1 | )
Balance at December 31, 2011 |  | $ | 55 |  |  | $ | 1,178 |  |  | $ | 7,561 |  |  | $ | 11,629 |  |  | $ | (3,952 | ) |  | $ | (2,627 | ) |  | $ | 3,351 |  |  | $ | 17,195 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Statement of Consolidated Comprehensive (Loss) Income

(in millions)

|  | Alcoa Inc. |  |  | Noncontrolling Interests |  |  | Total |
For the year ended December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |  |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |  |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 611 |  |  | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | (1,151 | ) |  | $ | 194 |  |  | $ | 138 |  |  | $ | 61 |  |  | $ | 805 |  |  | $ | 392 |  |  | $ | (1,090 | )
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in unrecognized net actuarial loss and prior service cost/benefit related to pension and other postretirement benefits (W) |  |  | (593 | ) |  |  | (140 | ) |  |  | (110 | ) |  |  | (59 | ) |  |  | (4 | ) |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | (652 | ) |  |  | (144 | ) |  |  | (102 | )
Foreign currency translation adjustments (A) |  |  | (543 | ) |  |  | 441 |  |  |  | 1,377 |  |  |  | (165 | ) |  |  | 334 |  |  |  | 320 |  |  |  | (708 | ) |  |  | 775 |  |  |  | 1,697 |
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities (I): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding (losses) gains |  |  | - |  |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 49 |
Net amount reclassified to earnings |  |  | - |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 381 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 381 |
Net change in unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | 430 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | 430 |
Unrecognized losses on derivatives (X): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net change from periodic revaluations |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | (21 | ) |  |  | (609 | ) |  |  | (6 | ) |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 57 |  |  |  | (17 | ) |  |  | (614 | )
Net amount reclassified to earnings |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | 138 |  |  |  | (11 | ) |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 122 |  |  |  | 138 |  |  |  | (11 | )
Net change in unrecognized losses on derivatives |  |  | 184 |  |  |  | 117 |  |  |  | (620 | ) |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 179 |  |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | (625 | )
Total Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax |  |  | (952 | ) |  |  | 417 |  |  |  | 1,077 |  |  |  | (229 | ) |  |  | 334 |  |  |  | 323 |  |  |  | (1,181 | ) |  |  | 751 |  |  |  | 1,400 |
Comprehensive (loss) income |  | $ | (341 | ) |  | $ | 671 |  |  | $ | (74 | ) |  | $ | (35 | ) |  | $ | 472 |  |  | $ | 384 |  |  | $ | (376 | ) |  | $ | 1,143 |  |  | $ | 310 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(dollars in millions, except per-share amounts)

A. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation. The Consolidated Financial Statements of Alcoa Inc. and subsidiaries (“Alcoa” or the “Company”) are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and require management to make certain judgments, estimates, and assumptions. These may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. They also may affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates upon subsequent resolution of identified matters. Certain amounts in previously issued financial statements were reclassified to conform to the 2011 presentation (see Note B).

Principles of Consolidation. The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Alcoa and companies in which Alcoa has a controlling interest. Intercompany transactions have been eliminated. The equity method of accounting is used for investments in affiliates and other joint ventures over which Alcoa has significant influence but does not have effective control. Investments in affiliates in which Alcoa cannot exercise significant influence are accounted for on the cost method.

Management also evaluates whether an Alcoa entity or interest is a variable interest entity and whether Alcoa is the primary beneficiary. Consolidation is required if both of these criteria are met. Alcoa does not have any variable interest entities requiring consolidation.

Related Party Transactions. Alcoa buys products from and sells products to various related companies, consisting of entities in which Alcoa retains a 50% or less equity interest, at negotiated arms-length prices between the two parties. These transactions were not material to the financial position or results of operations of Alcoa for all periods presented.

Cash Equivalents. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less.

Inventory Valuation. Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market, with cost for a substantial portion of U.S. and Canadian inventories determined under the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. The cost of other inventories is principally determined under the average-cost method.

Properties, Plants, and Equipment. Properties, plants, and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is recorded principally on the straight-line method at rates based on the estimated useful lives of the assets. For greenfield assets, the units of production method is used to record depreciation. Depreciation is recorded on temporarily idled facilities until such time management approves a permanent shutdown. The following table details the weighted-average useful lives of structures and machinery and equipment by reporting segment (numbers in years):

Segment |  | Structures |  |  | Machinery and equipment |
Alumina |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 25 |
Primary Metals |  |  | 34 |  |  |  | 21 |
Flat-Rolled Products |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | 21 |
Engineered Products and Solutions |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 18 |

Gains or losses from the sale of assets are generally recorded in other income or expenses (see policy that follows for assets classified as held for sale and discontinued operations). Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Interest related to the construction of qualifying assets is capitalized as part of the construction costs. Depletion related to mineral reserves is recorded using the units of production method.

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Properties, plants, and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets (asset group) may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets is determined by comparing the estimated undiscounted net cash flows of the operations related to the assets (asset group) to their carrying amount. An impairment loss would be recognized when the carrying amount of the assets (asset group) exceeds the estimated undiscounted net cash flows. The amount of the impairment loss to be recorded is calculated as the excess of the carrying value of the assets (asset group) over their fair value, with fair value determined using the best information available, which generally is a discounted cash flow model (DCF model). The determination of what constitutes an asset group, the associated estimated undiscounted net cash flows, and the estimated useful lives of assets also require significant judgments.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Goodwill is not amortized; instead, it is reviewed for impairment annually (in the fourth quarter) or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist or if a decision is made to sell a business. A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include deterioration in general economic conditions, negative developments in equity and credit markets, adverse changes in the markets in which an entity operates, increases in input costs that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows, or a trend of negative or declining cash flows over multiple periods, among others. The fair value that could be realized in an actual transaction may differ from that used to evaluate the impairment of goodwill.

Goodwill is allocated among and evaluated for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. Alcoa has nine reporting units, of which five are included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment. The remaining four reporting units are the Alumina segment, the Primary Metals segment, the Flat-Rolled Products segment, and the soft alloy extrusions business in Brazil, which is included in Corporate. Almost 90% of Alcoa’s total goodwill is allocated to three reporting units as follows: Alcoa Fastening Systems (AFS) ($1,153) and Alcoa Power and Propulsion (APP) ($1,627) businesses, both of which are included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment, and Primary Metals ($1,841). These amounts include an allocation of Corporate’s goodwill.

In September 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued new accounting guidance for testing goodwill for impairment (see Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance section of Note A below). The guidance provides an entity the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not (more than 50%) that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If an entity elects to perform a qualitative assessment and determines that an impairment is more likely than not, the entity is then required to perform the existing two-step quantitative impairment test (described below), otherwise no further analysis is required. An entity also may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test. The ultimate outcome of the goodwill impairment review for a reporting unit should be the same whether an entity chooses to perform the qualitative assessment or proceeds directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test.

In the 2011 fourth quarter, in conjunction with management’s annual review of goodwill, Alcoa early adopted the new guidance. As a result, Alcoa instituted a policy for its annual review of goodwill to perform the qualitative assessment for all reporting units not subjected directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test. Management will proceed directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test for a minimum of three reporting units (based on facts and circumstances) during each annual review of goodwill. This policy will result in each of the nine reporting units being subjected to the two-step quantitative impairment test at least once during every three-year period.

Under the qualitative assessment, various events and circumstances (or factors) that would affect the estimated fair value of a reporting unit are identified (similar to impairment indicators above). These factors are then classified by the type of impact they would have on the estimated fair value using positive, neutral, and adverse categories based on current business conditions. Additionally, an assessment of the level of impact that a particular factor would have on the estimated fair value is determined using high, medium, and low weighting. Furthermore, management considers the results of the most recent two-step quantitative impairment test completed for a reporting unit (this would be 2010 in which the estimated fair values of all nine reporting units were substantially in excess of their carrying values) and compares the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) between the current and prior years for each reporting unit.

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During the 2011 annual review of goodwill, management performed the qualitative assessment for six reporting units. Management concluded that it was not more likely than not that the estimated fair values of the six reporting units were less than their carrying values. As such, no further analysis was required.

Under the two-step quantitative impairment test, the evaluation of impairment involves comparing the current fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. Alcoa uses a DCF model to estimate the current fair value of its reporting units when testing for impairment, as management believes forecasted cash flows are the best indicator of such fair value. A number of significant assumptions and estimates are involved in the application of the DCF model to forecast operating cash flows, including markets and market share, sales volumes and prices, costs to produce, tax rates, capital spending, discount rate, and working capital changes. Most of these assumptions vary significantly among the reporting units. Cash flow forecasts are generally based on approved business unit operating plans for the early years and historical relationships in later years. The betas used in calculating the individual reporting units’ WACC rate are estimated for each business with the assistance of valuation experts.

In the event the estimated fair value of a reporting unit per the DCF model is less than the carrying value, additional analysis would be required. The additional analysis would compare the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the implied fair value of that goodwill, which may involve the use of valuation experts. The implied fair value of goodwill is the excess of the fair value of the reporting unit over the fair value amounts assigned to all of the assets and liabilities of that unit as if the reporting unit was acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit represented the purchase price. If the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, an impairment loss equal to such excess would be recognized, which could significantly and adversely impact reported results of operations and shareholders’ equity.

During the 2011 annual review of goodwill, management proceeded directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test for three reporting units as follows: the Primary Metals segment, building and construction systems, which is included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment, and the soft alloy extrusions business in Brazil. The estimated fair values of these three reporting units were substantially in excess of their carrying values, resulting in no impairment.

As part of the 2011 annual review of goodwill, management considered the market capitalization of Alcoa’s common stock in relation to the Company’s total shareholders’ equity. At December 31, 2011, the market capitalization of Alcoa’s common stock was $9,207. While this amount is less than the Company’s total shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2011, the estimated aggregate fair value of Alcoa’s reporting units was substantially in excess of the aforementioned market capitalization amount. In management’s judgment, the main reasons for the difference between Alcoa’s market capitalization and total shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2011 are the overall decline in the capital markets and significantly lower commodity prices. As it relates to the capital markets, there was, and continues to be, significant uncertainty of the sovereign debt of many European countries. This uncertainty has affected the liquidity of many companies that either operate or are located in Europe, although, Alcoa has not been impacted significantly. The combination of this uncertainty and the continuing decline in commodity prices caused significant and volatile fluctuations in the price of Alcoa’s common stock. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the market price of Alcoa’s common stock was $8.65 and $15.39, respectively, which equates to a decline of 44%. During 2011, the size and structure of the Company did not change and there were no specific events or transactions that would cause management to reasonably expect such a decline in the market price of Alcoa’s common stock. As a result, management believes the quoted market price of Alcoa’s common stock does not fully reflect the underlying value of the future aggregate cash flows of the Company’s reporting units. Accordingly, management does not believe that the comparison of Alcoa’s market capitalization and total shareholders’ equity as of December 31, 2011 is an indication that goodwill is impaired.

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Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized while intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized generally on a straight-line basis over the periods benefited. The following table details the weighted-average useful lives of software and other intangible assets by reporting segment (numbers in years):

Segment |  | Software |  |  | Other intangible assets |
Alumina |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | - |
Primary Metals |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | 40 |
Flat-Rolled Products |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 10 |
Engineered Products and Solutions |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 17 |

Equity Investments. Alcoa invests in a number of privately-held companies, primarily through joint ventures and consortia, which are accounted for on the equity method. The equity method is applied in situations where Alcoa has the ability to exercise significant influence, but not control, over the investee. Management reviews equity investments for impairment whenever certain indicators are present suggesting that the carrying value of an investment is not recoverable. This analysis requires a significant amount of judgment from management to identify events or circumstances indicating that an equity investment is impaired. The following items are examples of impairment indicators: significant, sustained declines in an investee’s revenue, earnings, and cash flow trends; adverse market conditions of the investee’s industry or geographic area; the investee’s ability to continue operations measured by several items, including liquidity; and other factors. Once an impairment indicator is identified, management uses considerable judgment to determine if the impairment is other than temporary, in which case the equity investment is written down to its estimated fair value. An impairment that is other than temporary could significantly and adversely impact reported results of operations.

Revenue Recognition. Alcoa recognizes revenue when title, ownership, and risk of loss pass to the customer, all of which occurs upon shipment or delivery of the product and is based on the applicable shipping terms. The shipping terms vary across all businesses and depend on the product, the country of origin, and the type of transportation (truck, train, or vessel).

Alcoa periodically enters into long-term supply contracts with alumina and aluminum customers and receives advance payments for product to be delivered in future periods. These advance payments are recorded as deferred revenue, and revenue is recognized as shipments are made and title, ownership, and risk of loss pass to the customer during the term of the contracts.

Environmental Matters. Expenditures for current operations are expensed or capitalized, as appropriate. Expenditures relating to existing conditions caused by past operations, which will not contribute to future revenues, are expensed. Liabilities are recorded when remediation costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. The liability may include costs such as site investigations, consultant fees, feasibility studies, outside contractors, and monitoring expenses. Estimates are generally not discounted or reduced by potential claims for recovery. Claims for recovery are recognized as agreements are reached with third parties. The estimates also include costs related to other potentially responsible parties to the extent that Alcoa has reason to believe such parties will not fully pay their proportionate share. The liability is continuously reviewed and adjusted to reflect current remediation progress, prospective estimates of required activity, and other factors that may be relevant, including changes in technology or regulations.

Litigation Matters. For asserted claims and assessments, liabilities are recorded when an unfavorable outcome of a matter is deemed to be probable and the loss is reasonably estimable. Management determines the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome based on many factors such as the nature of the matter, available defenses and case strategy, progress of the matter, views and opinions of legal counsel and other advisors, applicability and success of appeals processes, and the outcome of similar historical matters, among others. Once an unfavorable outcome is deemed probable, management weighs the probability of estimated losses, and the most reasonable loss estimate is recorded. If an unfavorable outcome of a matter is deemed to be reasonably possible, then the matter is disclosed and no liability is recorded. With respect to unasserted claims or assessments, management must first determine that the probability that

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an assertion will be made is likely, then, a determination as to the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to reasonably estimate the potential loss is made. Legal matters are reviewed on a continuous basis to determine if there has been a change in management’s judgment regarding the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or the estimate of a potential loss.

Asset Retirement Obligations. Alcoa recognizes asset retirement obligations (AROs) related to legal obligations associated with the normal operation of Alcoa’s bauxite mining, alumina refining, and aluminum smelting facilities. These AROs consist primarily of costs associated with spent pot lining disposal, closure of bauxite residue areas, mine reclamation, and landfill closure. Alcoa also recognizes AROs for any significant lease restoration obligation, if required by a lease agreement, and for the disposal of regulated waste materials related to the demolition of certain power facilities. The fair values of these AROs are recorded on a discounted basis, at the time the obligation is incurred, and accreted over time for the change in present value. Additionally, Alcoa capitalizes asset retirement costs by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived assets and depreciating these assets over their remaining useful life.

Certain conditional asset retirement obligations (CAROs) related to alumina refineries, aluminum smelters, and fabrication facilities have not been recorded in the Consolidated Financial Statements due to uncertainties surrounding the ultimate settlement date. A CARO is a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and (or) method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within Alcoa’s control. Such uncertainties exist as a result of the perpetual nature of the structures, maintenance and upgrade programs, and other factors. At the date a reasonable estimate of the ultimate settlement date can be made, Alcoa would record an ARO for the removal, treatment, transportation, storage, and (or) disposal of various regulated assets and hazardous materials such as asbestos, underground and aboveground storage tanks, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), various process residuals, solid wastes, electronic equipment waste, and various other materials. Such amounts may be material to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the period in which they are recorded.

Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, the provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable (or received or receivable) for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid, and result from differences between the financial and tax bases of Alcoa’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when enacted.

Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, management considers all potential sources of taxable income, including income available in carryback periods, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, projections of taxable income, and income from tax planning strategies, as well as all available positive and negative evidence. Positive evidence includes factors such as a history of profitable operations, projections of future profitability within the carryforward period, including from tax planning strategies, and the Company’s experience with similar operations. Existing favorable contracts and the ability to sell products into established markets are additional positive evidence. Negative evidence includes items such as cumulative losses, projections of future losses, or carryforward periods that are not long enough to allow for the utilization of a deferred tax asset based on existing projections of income. Deferred tax assets for which no valuation allowance is recorded may not be realized upon changes in facts and circumstances, resulting in a future charge to establish a valuation allowance.

Tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return are recorded when such benefits meet a more likely than not threshold. Otherwise, these tax benefits are recorded when a tax position has been effectively settled, which means that the statute of limitation has expired or the appropriate taxing authority has completed their examination even though the statute of limitations remains open. Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recognized as part of the provision for income taxes and are accrued beginning in the period that such interest and penalties would be applicable under relevant tax law until such time that the related tax benefits are recognized.

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Stock-Based Compensation. Alcoa recognizes compensation expense for employee equity grants using the non-substantive vesting period approach, in which the expense (net of estimated forfeitures) is recognized ratably over the requisite service period based on the grant date fair value. The fair value of new stock options is estimated on the date of grant using a lattice-pricing model. Determining the fair value of stock options at the grant date requires judgment, including estimates for the average risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, volatility, annual forfeiture rate, and exercise behavior. These assumptions may differ significantly between grant dates because of changes in the actual results of these inputs that occur over time.

Most plan participants can choose whether to receive their award in the form of stock options, stock awards, or a combination of both. This choice is made before the grant is issued and is irrevocable.

Derivatives and Hedging. Derivatives are held for purposes other than trading and are part of a formally documented risk management program. For derivatives designated as fair value hedges, Alcoa measures hedge effectiveness by formally assessing, at least quarterly, the historical high correlation of changes in the fair value of the hedged item and the derivative hedging instrument. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, Alcoa measures hedge effectiveness by formally assessing, at least quarterly, the probable high correlation of the expected future cash flows of the hedged item and the derivative hedging instrument. The ineffective portions of both types of hedges are recorded in sales or other income or expense in the current period. If the hedging relationship ceases to be highly effective or it becomes probable that an expected transaction will no longer occur, future gains or losses on the derivative instrument are recorded in other income or expense.

Alcoa accounts for interest rate swaps related to its existing long-term debt and hedges of firm customer commitments for aluminum as fair value hedges. As a result, the fair values of the derivatives and changes in the fair values of the underlying hedged items are reported in other current and noncurrent assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Changes in the fair values of these derivatives and underlying hedged items generally offset and are recorded each period in sales or interest expense, consistent with the underlying hedged item.

Alcoa accounts for hedges of foreign currency exposures and certain forecasted transactions as cash flow hedges. The fair values of the derivatives are recorded in other current and noncurrent assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The effective portions of the changes in the fair values of these derivatives are recorded in other comprehensive income and are reclassified to sales, cost of goods sold, or other income or expense in the period in which earnings are impacted by the hedged items or in the period that the transaction no longer qualifies as a cash flow hedge. These contracts cover the same periods as known or expected exposures, generally not exceeding five years.

If no hedging relationship is designated, the derivative is marked to market through earnings.

Cash flows from derivatives are recognized in the Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows in a manner consistent with the underlying transactions.

Foreign Currency. The local currency is the functional currency for Alcoa’s significant operations outside the U.S., except for certain operations in Canada, Russia and Iceland, where the U.S. dollar is used as the functional currency. The determination of the functional currency for Alcoa’s operations is made based on the appropriate economic and management indicators.

Effective January 1, 2010, the functional currency of a subsidiary located in Brazil (that is part of Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals, which is 60% owned by Alcoa and 40% owned by Alumina Limited) was changed from the U.S. dollar to the Brazilian real (BRL). This change was made as a result of changes in the operations of the business following the completion of the São Luís refinery expansion and Juruti bauxite mine development. In connection with this change, on January 1, 2010, an adjustment of $309 was recorded as an increase to the net nonmonetary assets of this subsidiary (primarily properties, plants, and equipment) with a corresponding adjustment to the foreign currency translation component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss. The functional currency of all of Alcoa’s Brazilian operations is now BRL.

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Acquisitions. Alcoa’s acquisitions are accounted for using the purchase method. The purchase price is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values. Any excess purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. For all acquisitions, operating results are included in the Statement of Consolidated Operations since the dates of the acquisitions.

Discontinued Operations and Assets Held For Sale. For those businesses where management has committed to a plan to divest, each business is valued at the lower of its carrying amount or estimated fair value less cost to sell. If the carrying amount of the business exceeds its estimated fair value, an impairment loss is recognized. Fair value is estimated using accepted valuation techniques such as a DCF model, valuations performed by third parties, earnings multiples, or indicative bids, when available. A number of significant estimates and assumptions are involved in the application of these techniques, including the forecasting of markets and market share, sales volumes and prices, costs and expenses, and multiple other factors. Management considers historical experience and all available information at the time the estimates are made; however, the fair value that is ultimately realized upon the divestiture of a business may differ from the estimated fair value reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Depreciation, depletion, and amortization expense is not recorded on assets of a business to be divested once they are classified as held for sale.

Businesses to be divested are classified in the Consolidated Financial Statements as either discontinued operations or held for sale. For businesses classified as discontinued operations, the balance sheet amounts and results of operations are reclassified from their historical presentation to assets and liabilities of operations held for sale on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and to discontinued operations on the Statement of Consolidated Operations, respectively, for all periods presented. The gains or losses associated with these divested businesses are recorded in discontinued operations on the Statement of Consolidated Operations. The Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows is also reclassified for assets and liabilities of operations held for sale and discontinued operations for all periods presented. Additionally, segment information does not include the assets or operating results of businesses classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Management does not expect any continuing involvement with these businesses following their divestiture, and these businesses are expected to be disposed of within one year.

For businesses classified as held for sale that do not qualify for discontinued operations treatment, the balance sheet and cash flow amounts are reclassified from their historical presentation to assets and liabilities of operations held for sale for all periods presented. The results of operations continue to be reported in continuing operations. The gains or losses associated with these divested businesses are recorded in restructuring and other charges on the Statement of Consolidated Operations. The segment information includes the assets and operating results of businesses classified as held for sale for all periods presented. Management expects that Alcoa will have continuing involvement with these businesses following their divestiture, primarily in the form of equity participation, or ongoing aluminum or other significant supply contracts.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance. On September 30, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to the authoritative hierarchy of GAAP. These changes establish the FASB Accounting Standards Codification TM (Codification) as the source of authoritative accounting principles recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP. Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The FASB will no longer issue new standards in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions, or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts; instead the FASB will issue Accounting Standards Updates. Accounting Standards Updates will not be authoritative in their own right as they will only serve to update the Codification. These changes and the Codification itself do not change GAAP. Other than the manner in which new accounting guidance is referenced, the adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Fair Value Accounting—On January 1, 2011, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Specifically, the changes require a reporting entity to disclose, in the reconciliation of fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), separate information about purchases, sales,

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issuances, and settlements (that is, on a gross basis rather than as one net number). These changes were applied to the disclosures in Note W and the Derivatives section of Note X to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective January 1, 2010, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB on January 21, 2010 to disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Specifically, the changes require a reporting entity to disclose separately the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements and describe the reasons for the transfers. The changes also clarify existing disclosure requirements related to how assets and liabilities should be grouped by class and valuation techniques used for recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On June 30, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to fair value accounting. These changes provide additional guidance for estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for an asset or liability have significantly decreased and includes guidance for identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly. This guidance is necessary to maintain the overall objective of fair value measurements, which is that fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On June 30, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to fair value disclosures of financial instruments. These changes require a publicly traded company to include disclosures about the fair value of its financial instruments whenever it issues summarized financial information for interim reporting periods. Such disclosures include the fair value of all financial instruments, for which it is practicable to estimate that value, whether recognized or not recognized in the statement of financial position; the related carrying amount of these financial instruments; and the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value. Other than including the required disclosures in Alcoa’s Forms 10-Q, the adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements (these disclosures were already required for annual reporting periods – see the Other Financial Instruments section of Note X).

On June 30, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to the recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairments. These changes amend existing other-than-temporary impairment guidance for debt securities to make the guidance more operational and to improve the presentation and disclosure of other-than-temporary impairments on debt and equity securities. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On October 1, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to fair value accounting for liabilities. These changes clarify existing guidance that in circumstances in which a quoted price in an active market for the identical liability is not available, an entity is required to measure fair value using either a valuation technique that uses a quoted price of either a similar liability or a quoted price of an identical or similar liability when traded as an asset, or another valuation technique that is consistent with the principles of fair value measurements, such as an income approach (e.g., present value technique). This guidance also states that both a quoted price in an active market for the identical liability and a quoted price for the identical liability when traded as an asset in an active market when no adjustments to the quoted price of the asset are required are Level 1 fair value measurements. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Business Combinations and Consolidation Accounting—On January 1, 2011, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to the disclosure of pro forma information for business combinations. These changes clarify that if a public entity presents comparative financial statements, the entity should disclose revenue and earnings of the combined entity as though the business combination that occurred during the current year had occurred as of the beginning of the comparable prior annual reporting period only. Also, the existing supplemental pro forma disclosures were expanded to include a description of the nature and amount of material, nonrecurring pro forma adjustments directly attributable to the business combination included in the reported pro forma revenue and earnings. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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On January 1, 2010, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to accounting for variable interest entities. These changes require an enterprise to perform an analysis to determine whether the enterprise’s variable interest or interests give it a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity; to require ongoing reassessments of whether an enterprise is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity; to eliminate the solely quantitative approach previously required for determining the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity; to add an additional reconsideration event for determining whether an entity is a variable interest entity when any changes in facts and circumstances occur such that holders of the equity investment at risk, as a group, lose the power from voting rights or similar rights of those investments to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance; and to require enhanced disclosures that will provide users of financial statements with more transparent information about an enterprise’s involvement in a variable interest entity. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective January 1, 2010, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB on January 6, 2010 for a scope clarification to the FASB’s previously-issued guidance (see directly below) on accounting for noncontrolling interests in consolidated financial statements. These changes clarify the accounting and reporting guidance for noncontrolling interests and changes in ownership interests of a consolidated subsidiary. An entity is required to deconsolidate a subsidiary when the entity ceases to have a controlling financial interest in the subsidiary. Upon deconsolidation of a subsidiary, an entity recognizes a gain or loss on the transaction and measures any retained investment in the subsidiary at fair value. The gain or loss includes any gain or loss associated with the difference between the fair value of the retained investment in the subsidiary and its carrying amount at the date the subsidiary is deconsolidated. In contrast, an entity is required to account for a decrease in its ownership interest of a subsidiary that does not result in a change of control of the subsidiary as an equity transaction. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On January 1, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to consolidation accounting and reporting. These changes establish accounting and reporting for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. This guidance defines a noncontrolling interest, previously called a minority interest, as the portion of equity in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to a parent. These changes require, among other items, that a noncontrolling interest be included in the consolidated statement of financial position within equity separate from the parent’s equity; consolidated net income to be reported at amounts inclusive of both the parent’s and noncontrolling interest’s shares and, separately, the amounts of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and noncontrolling interest all on the consolidated statement of operations; and if a subsidiary is deconsolidated, any retained noncontrolling equity investment in the former subsidiary be measured at fair value and a gain or loss be recognized in net income based on such fair value. Other than the change in presentation of noncontrolling interests, the adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On January 1, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to accounting for business combinations. While retaining the fundamental requirements of accounting for business combinations, including that the purchase method be used for all business combinations and for an acquirer to be identified for each business combination, these changes define the acquirer as the entity that obtains control of one or more businesses in the business combination and establishes the acquisition date as the date that the acquirer achieves control instead of the date that the consideration is transferred. These changes require an acquirer in a business combination, including business combinations achieved in stages (step acquisition), to recognize the assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at their fair values as of that date, with limited exceptions. This guidance also requires the recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed arising from certain contractual contingencies as of the acquisition date, measured at their acquisition-date fair values. Additionally, these changes require acquisition-related costs to be expensed in the period in which the costs are incurred and the services are received instead of including such costs as part of the acquisition price. The adoption of these changes resulted in a charge of $18 ($12 after-tax) in Restructuring and other charges on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations for the write off of previously capitalized third-party costs related to potential business acquisitions (see Note D). Also, this guidance was applied to an acquisition completed on March 31, 2009 (see Note F).

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Effective January 1, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB on April 1, 2009 to accounting for business combinations. These changes apply to all assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination that arise from certain contingencies and requires (i) an acquirer to recognize at fair value, at the acquisition date, an asset acquired or liability assumed in a business combination that arises from a contingency if the acquisition-date fair value of that asset or liability can be determined during the measurement period otherwise the asset or liability should be recognized at the acquisition date if certain defined criteria are met; (ii) contingent consideration arrangements of an acquiree assumed by the acquirer in a business combination be recognized initially at fair value; (iii) subsequent measurements of assets and liabilities arising from contingencies be based on a systematic and rational method depending on their nature and contingent consideration arrangements be measured subsequently; and (iv) disclosures of the amounts and measurement basis of such assets and liabilities and the nature of the contingencies. These changes were applied to an acquisition completed on March 31, 2009 (see Note F).

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets—On January 1, 2011, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to the testing of goodwill for impairment. These changes require an entity to perform all steps in the test for a reporting unit whose carrying value is zero or negative if it is more likely than not (more than 50%) that a goodwill impairment exists based on qualitative factors. This will result in the elimination of an entity’s ability to assert that such a reporting unit’s goodwill is not impaired and additional testing is not necessary despite the existence of qualitative factors that indicate otherwise. Based on the most recent impairment review of Alcoa’s goodwill (2011 fourth quarter), the adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In September 2011, the FASB issued changes to the testing of goodwill for impairment. These changes provide an entity the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not (more than 50%) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Such qualitative factors may include the following: macroeconomic conditions; industry and market considerations; cost factors; overall financial performance; and other relevant entity-specific events. If an entity elects to perform a qualitative assessment and determines that an impairment is more likely than not, the entity is then required to perform the existing two-step quantitative impairment test, otherwise no further analysis is required. An entity also may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the two-step quantitative impairment test. Under either option, the ultimate outcome of the goodwill impairment test should be the same. These changes are required to become effective for Alcoa for any goodwill impairment test performed on January 1, 2012 or later; however, early adoption is permitted. Alcoa elected to early adopt these changes in conjunction with management’s annual review of goodwill in the fourth quarter of 2011 (see the Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets section of Note A above). The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On January 1, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to accounting for intangible assets. These changes amend the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset in order to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset outside of a business combination and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of an intangible asset in a business combination. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—On July 1, 2010, Alcoa adopted changes to existing accounting requirements for embedded credit derivatives. Specifically, the changes clarify the scope exception regarding when embedded credit derivative features are not considered embedded derivatives subject to potential bifurcation and separate accounting. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On January 1, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to disclosures about derivative instruments and hedging activities. These changes require enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities, including (i) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (ii) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for, and (iii) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Other than the required disclosures (see the Derivatives section of Note X), the adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Other—On January 1, 2011, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to revenue recognition for multiple-deliverable arrangements. These changes require separation of consideration received in such arrangements by establishing a selling price hierarchy (not the same as fair value) for determining the selling price of a deliverable, which will be based on available information in the following order: vendor-specific objective evidence, third-party evidence, or estimated selling price; eliminate the residual method of allocation and require that the consideration be allocated at the inception of the arrangement to all deliverables using the relative selling price method, which allocates any discount in the arrangement to each deliverable on the basis of each deliverable’s selling price; require that a vendor determine its best estimate of selling price in a manner that is consistent with that used to determine the price to sell the deliverable on a standalone basis; and expand the disclosures related to multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements, as Alcoa does not currently have any such arrangements with its customers.

On January 1, 2011, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to the classification of certain employee share-based payment awards. These changes clarify that there is not an indication of a condition that is other than market, performance, or service if an employee share-based payment award’s exercise price is denominated in the currency of a market in which a substantial portion of the entity’s equity securities trade and differs from the functional currency of the employer entity or payroll currency of the employee. An employee share-based payment award is required to be classified as a liability if the award does not contain a market, performance, or service condition. Prior to this guidance, the difference between the currency denomination of an employee share-based payment award’s exercise price and the functional currency of the employer entity or payroll currency of the employee was not a factor considered by management when determining the proper classification of a share-based payment award. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On January 1, 2010, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to accounting for transfers of financial assets. These changes remove the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity and remove the exception from the application of variable interest accounting to variable interest entities that are qualifying special-purpose entities; limit the circumstances in which a transferor derecognizes a portion or component of a financial asset; define a participating interest; require a transferor to recognize and initially measure at fair value all assets obtained and liabilities incurred as a result of a transfer accounted for as a sale; and require enhanced disclosure. The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. In March 2010, management terminated the Company’s accounts receivable securitization program (see Note U); had this program not been terminated, the adoption of these changes would have resulted in a $250 increase to both Receivables from customers and Short-term borrowings on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Effective January 1, 2010, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB on February 24, 2010 to accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or available to be issued, otherwise known as “subsequent events.” Specifically, these changes clarify that an entity that is required to file or furnish its financial statements with the SEC is not required to disclose the date through which subsequent events have been evaluated (see directly below). Other than the elimination of disclosing the date through which management has performed its evaluation for subsequent events (see Note Y), the adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On June 30, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued, otherwise known as “subsequent events.” Specifically, these changes set forth the period after the balance sheet date during which management of a reporting entity should evaluate events or transactions that may occur for potential recognition or disclosure in the financial statements, the circumstances under which an entity should recognize events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date in its financial statements, and the disclosures that an entity should make about events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date (see directly above). The adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements as management already followed a similar approach prior to the adoption of this new guidance (see Note Y).

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On January 1, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to the calculation of earnings per share. These changes state that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method (see Note S). The computation of earnings per share for all periods presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements was prepared in accordance with these changes. As a result, the adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

On December 31, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to employers’ disclosures about postretirement benefit plan assets. These changes provide guidance on an employer’s disclosures about plan assets of a defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. This guidance is intended to ensure that an employer meets the objectives of the disclosures about plan assets in an employer’s defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan to provide users of financial statements with an understanding of the following: how investment allocation decisions are made; the major categories of plan assets; the inputs and valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of plan assets; the effect of fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs on changes in plan assets; and significant concentrations of risk within plan assets. Other than the required disclosures (see Note W), the adoption of these changes had no impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance. In May 2011, the FASB issued changes to conform existing guidance regarding fair value measurement and disclosure between GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards. These changes both clarify the FASB’s intent about the application of existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements and amend certain principles or requirements for measuring fair value or for disclosing information about fair value measurements. The clarifying changes relate to the application of the highest and best use and valuation premise concepts, measuring the fair value of an instrument classified in a reporting entity’s shareholders’ equity, and disclosure of quantitative information about unobservable inputs used for Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments relate to measuring the fair value of financial instruments that are managed within a portfolio; application of premiums and discounts in a fair value measurement; and additional disclosures concerning the valuation processes used and sensitivity of the fair value measurement to changes in unobservable inputs for those items categorized as Level 3, a reporting entity’s use of a nonfinancial asset in a way that differs from the asset’s highest and best use, and the categorization by level in the fair value hierarchy for items required to be measured at fair value for disclosure purposes only. These changes become effective for Alcoa on January 1, 2012. Other than the additional disclosure requirements, management has determined that the adoption of these changes will not have an impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In June 2011, the FASB issued changes to the presentation of comprehensive income. These changes give an entity the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements; the option to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity was eliminated. The items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income were not changed. Additionally, no changes were made to the calculation and presentation of earnings per share. These changes become effective for Alcoa on January 1, 2012. Other than the change in presentation, management has determined that the adoption of these changes will not have an impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2011, the FASB issued changes to the disclosure of offsetting assets and liabilities. These changes require an entity to disclose both gross information and net information about both instruments and transactions eligible for offset in the statement of financial position and instruments and transactions subject to an agreement similar to a master netting arrangement. The enhanced disclosures will enable users of an entity’s financial statements to understand and evaluate the effect or potential effect of master netting arrangements on an entity’s financial position, including the effect or potential effect of rights of setoff associated with certain financial instruments and derivative instruments. These changes become effective for Alcoa on January 1, 2013. Other than the additional disclosure requirements, management has determined that the adoption of these changes will not have an impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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B. Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale

For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, there were no active businesses classified as discontinued operations. The Electrical and Electronic Solutions (EES) business was the only active business classified as discontinued operations in the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations for the year ended December 31, 2009.

In late 2008, Alcoa reclassified the EES business to discontinued operations based on the decision to divest the business. The divestiture of the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business was completed in June 2009 and the divestiture of the electronics portion of the EES business was completed in December 2009 (see Note F). The results of the Engineered Products and Solutions segment were reclassified to reflect the movement of the EES business into discontinued operations.

The following table details selected financial information of discontinued operations:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Sales |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 306 |
Loss from operations before income taxes |  | $ | (4 | ) |  | $ | (11 | ) |  | $ | (221 | )
Benefit for income taxes |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 55 |
Loss from discontinued operations |  | $ | (3 | ) |  | $ | (8 | ) |  | $ | (166 | )

In 2011, discontinued operations included an additional loss of $3 ($5 pretax) related to the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business as a result of a negotiated preliminary settlement related to claims filed in 2010 against Alcoa by Platinum Equity in an insolvency proceeding in Germany, a net gain of $2 ($3 pretax) related to both the wire harness and electrical portion and the electronics portion of the EES business for a number of small post-closing and other adjustments, and a $2 ($2 pretax) reversal of the gain recognized in 2006 related to the sale of the home exteriors business for an adjustment to an outstanding obligation, which was part of the terms of sale. In 2010, discontinued operations included an additional loss of $6 ($9 pretax) related to the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business as a result of a contract settlement with a former customer of this business and an additional loss of $2 ($4 pretax) related to the electronics portion of the EES business for the settling of working capital, which was not included in the divestiture transaction. In 2009, discontinued operations was comprised of a $129 ($168 pretax) loss on the divestiture of the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business, a $9 ($13 pretax) loss on the divestiture of the electronics portion of the EES business, and the remainder was for the operational results of the EES business prior to the divestitures.

For both periods presented in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet, the assets and liabilities of operations classified as held for sale included the electronics portion of the EES business (working capital components) and the Hawesville, KY automotive casting facility. In late 2011, management made the decision to no longer commit to a plan to sell the one remaining plant of the Global Foil business located in Brazil. Instead, management intends to refocus efforts to drive higher profitability and to consider expanding the functionality of the plant to manufacture certain products aimed at capturing new growth in Brazil. As a result, the assets and liabilities related to this plant were removed from held for sale classification. The Consolidated Financial Statements for all prior periods presented were reclassified to reflect this change.

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The major classes of assets and liabilities of operations held for sale were as follows:

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Receivables |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2 |
Properties, plants, and equipment |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 2 |
Other assets |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2 |
Assets held for sale* |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 6 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable, trade |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 1 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 15 |
Liabilities of operations held for sale* |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 16 |

* | Assets held for sale were included in Other noncurrent assets and Liabilities of operations held for sale were included in Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet.

C. Asset Retirement Obligations

Alcoa has recorded AROs related to legal obligations associated with the normal operations of bauxite mining, alumina refining, and aluminum smelting facilities. These AROs consist primarily of costs associated with spent pot lining disposal, closure of bauxite residue areas, mine reclamation, and landfill closure. Alcoa also recognizes AROs for any significant lease restoration obligation, if required by a lease agreement, and for the disposal of regulated waste materials related to the demolition of certain power facilities.

In addition to AROs, certain CAROs related to alumina refineries, aluminum smelters, and fabrication facilities have not been recorded in the Consolidated Financial Statements due to uncertainties surrounding the ultimate settlement date. Such uncertainties exist as a result of the perpetual nature of the structures, maintenance and upgrade programs, and other factors. At the date a reasonable estimate of the ultimate settlement date can be made (e.g., planned demolition), Alcoa would record an ARO for the removal, treatment, transportation, storage, and (or) disposal of various regulated assets and hazardous materials such as asbestos, underground and aboveground storage tanks, PCBs, various process residuals, solid wastes, electronic equipment waste, and various other materials. If Alcoa was required to demolish all such structures immediately, the estimated CARO as of December 31, 2011 ranges from less than $1 to $52 per structure (131 structures) in today’s dollars.

The following table details the carrying value of recorded AROs by major category (of which $76 and $92 was classified as a current liability as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively):

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Spent pot lining disposal |  | $ | 187 |  |  | $ | 177 |
Closure of bauxite residue areas |  |  | 173 |  |  |  | 156 |
Mine reclamation |  |  | 164 |  |  |  | 156 |
Demolition* |  |  | 34 |  |  |  | 24 |
Landfill closure |  |  | 17 |  |  |  | 19 |
Other |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 2 |
|  | $ | 579 |  |  | $ | 534 |

* | In 2011 and 2010, AROs were recorded as a result of management’s decision to permanently shut down and demolish certain structures, each of which was previously temporarily idled for different reasons (see Note D).

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The following table details the changes in the total carrying value of recorded AROs:

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Balance at beginning of year |  | $ | 534 |  |  | $ | 453 |
Accretion expense |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 21 |
Payments |  |  | (86 | ) |  |  | (38 | )
Liabilities incurred |  |  | 115 |  |  |  | 43 |
Translation and other |  |  | (6 | ) |  |  | 55 |
Balance at end of year |  | $ | 579 |  |  | $ | 534 |

D. Restructuring and Other Charges

Restructuring and other charges for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2011 were comprised of the following:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Asset impairments |  | $ | 150 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | 54 |
Layoff costs |  |  | 93 |  |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | 186 |
Other exit costs |  |  | 61 |  |  |  | 58 |  |  |  | 37 |
Reversals of previously recorded layoff and other exit costs |  |  | (23 | ) |  |  | (33 | ) |  |  | (40 | )
Restructuring and other charges |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | 207 |  |  | $ | 237 |

Layoff costs were recorded based on approved detailed action plans submitted by the operating locations that specified positions to be eliminated, benefits to be paid under existing severance plans, union contracts or statutory requirements, and the expected timetable for completion of the plans.

2011 Actions. In 2011, Alcoa recorded Restructuring and other charges of $281 ($181 after-tax and noncontrolling interests), which were comprised of the following components: $127 ($82 after-tax) in asset impairments and $36 ($23 after-tax) in other exit costs related to the permanent shutdown and planned demolition of certain idled structures at two U.S. locations (see below); $93 ($68 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for the layoff of approximately 1,600 employees (820 in the Primary Metals segment, 470 in the Flat-Rolled Products segment, 160 in the Alumina segment, 20 in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment, and 130 in Corporate), including the effects of planned smelter curtailments (see below); $23 ($12 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for other asset impairments, including the write-off of the carrying value of an idled structure in Australia that processed spent pot lining and adjustments to the fair value of the one remaining foil location while it was classified as held for sale (see Note B) due to foreign currency movements; $20 ($8 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for a litigation matter related to the former St. Croix location (see the Litigation section of Note N); a net charge of $5 ($4 after-tax) for other small items; and $23 ($16 after-tax) for the reversal of previously recorded layoff reserves due to normal attrition and changes in facts and circumstances, including a change in plans for Alcoa’s aluminum powder facility in Rockdale, TX.

In late 2011, management approved the permanent shutdown and demolition of certain facilities at two U.S. locations, each of which was previously temporarily idled for various reasons. The identified facilities are the smelter located in Alcoa, TN (capacity of 215 kmt-per-year) and two potlines (capacity of 76 kmt-per-year) at the smelter located in Rockdale, TX (remaining capacity of 191 kmt-per-year composed of four potlines). Demolition and remediation activities related to these actions will begin in the first half of 2012 and are expected to be completed in 2015 for the Tennessee smelter and in 2013 for the two potlines at the Rockdale smelter. This decision was made after a comprehensive strategic analysis was performed to determine the best course of action for each facility. Factors leading to this decision were in general focused on achieving sustained competitiveness and included, among others: lack of an economically viable, long-term power solution; changed market fundamentals; cost competitiveness; required future capital investment; and restart costs. The asset impairments of $127 represent the write off of the remaining book value of properties, plants, and equipment related to these facilities. Additionally, remaining inventories, mostly operating

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supplies, were written down to their net realizable value resulting in a charge of $6 ($4 after-tax), which was recorded in Cost of goods sold on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. The other exit costs of $36 represent $18 ($11 after-tax) in environmental remediation (see Note N) and $17 ($11 after-tax) in asset retirement obligations (see Note C), both triggered by the decision to permanently shut down and demolish these structures, and $1 ($1 after-tax) in other related costs.

Also, at the end of 2011, management approved a partial or full curtailment of three European smelters as follows: Portovesme, Italy (150 kmt-per-year); Avilés, Spain (46 kmt out of 93 kmt-per-year); and La Coruña, Spain (44 kmt out of 87 kmt-per-year). These curtailments are expected to be completed in the first half of 2012. The curtailment of the Portovesme smelter may lead to the permanent closure of the facility, while the curtailments at the two smelters in Spain are planned to be temporary. These actions are the result of uncompetitive energy positions, combined with rising material costs and falling aluminum prices (mid-2011 to late 2011). As a result of these decisions, Alcoa recorded costs of $33 ($31 after-tax) for the layoff of approximately 650 employees. As Alcoa engages in discussions with the respective employee representatives and governments, additional charges may be recognized in 2012.

As of December 31, 2011, approximately 380 of the 1,600 employees were terminated. The remaining terminations for the 2011 restructuring programs are expected to be completed by the end of 2012. In 2011, cash payments of $24 were made against layoff reserves related to the 2011 restructuring programs.

2010 Actions. In 2010, Alcoa recorded Restructuring and other charges of $207 ($130 after-tax and noncontrolling interests), which were comprised of the following components: $127 ($80 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) in asset impairments and $46 ($29 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) in other exit costs related to the permanent shutdown and planned demolition of certain idled structures at five U.S. locations (see below); $43 ($29 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for the layoff of approximately 875 employees (625 in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment; 75 in the Primary Metals segment; 60 in the Alumina segment; 25 in the Flat-Rolled Products segment; and 90 in Corporate); $22 ($14 after-tax) in net charges (including $12 ($8 after-tax) for asset impairments) related to divested and to be divested businesses (Automotive Castings, Global Foil, Transportation Products Europe, and Packaging and Consumer) for, among other items, the settlement of a contract with a former customer, foreign currency movements, working capital adjustments, and a tax indemnification; $2 ($2 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for various other exit costs; and $33 ($24 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for the reversal of prior periods’ layoff reserves, including a portion of those related to the Portovesme smelter in Italy due to the execution of a new power agreement (see the European Commission Matters section of Note N).

In early 2010, management approved the permanent shutdown and demolition of the following structures, each of which was previously temporarily idled for different reasons: the Eastalco smelter located in Frederick, MD (capacity of 195 kmt-per-year); the smelter located in Badin, NC (capacity of 60 kmt-per-year); an aluminum fluoride plant in Point Comfort, TX; a paste plant and cast house in Massena, NY; and one potline at the smelter in Warrick, IN (capacity of 40 kmt-per-year). This decision was made after a comprehensive strategic analysis was performed to determine the best course of action for each facility. Factors leading to this decision included current market fundamentals, cost competitiveness, other existing idle capacity, required future capital investment, and restart costs, as well as the elimination of ongoing holding costs. The asset impairments of $127 represent the write off of the remaining book value of properties, plants, and equipment related to these facilities. Additionally, remaining inventories, mostly operating supplies, were written down to their net realizable value resulting in a charge of $8 ($5 after-tax and noncontrolling interests), which was recorded in Cost of goods sold on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. The other exit costs of $46 represent $30 ($19 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) in asset retirement obligations (see Note C) and $14 ($9 after-tax) in environmental remediation (see Note N), both triggered by the decision to permanently shut down and demolish these structures, and $2 ($1 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) in other related costs.

As of December 31, 2011, approximately 790 of the 875 employees were terminated. The remaining terminations are expected to be completed by the end of 2012. In 2011 and 2010, cash payments of $7 and $21, respectively, were made against layoff reserves related to 2010 restructuring programs.

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2009 Actions. In 2009, Alcoa recorded Restructuring and other charges of $237 ($151 after-tax and noncontrolling interests), which were comprised of the following components: $177 ($121 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for the layoff of approximately 6,600 employees (2,980 in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment; 2,190 in the Flat-Rolled Products segment; 1,080 in the Primary Metals segment; 180 in the Alumina segment; and 170 in Corporate) to address the impact of the global economic downturn on Alcoa’s businesses and a $9 ($6 after-tax) curtailment charge due to the remeasurement of pension plans as a result of the workforce reductions (see Note W); $41 ($20 after-tax) in adjustments to the Global Foil and Transportation Products Europe businesses held for sale due to unfavorable foreign currency movements for both businesses and a change in the estimated fair value for the Global Foil business and $13 ($11 after-tax) in other asset impairments; $18 ($12 after-tax) for the write-off of previously capitalized third-party costs related to potential business acquisitions due to the adoption of changes to accounting for business combinations (see Note A); net charges of $19 ($10 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for various other items, such as accelerated depreciation and lease termination costs for shutdown facilities; and $40 ($29 after-tax and noncontrolling interests) for reversals of previously recorded layoff and other exit costs due to normal attrition and changes in facts and circumstances.

As of December 31, 2011, approximately 5,700 of the 6,000 employees were terminated. The total number of employees associated with 2009 restructuring programs was updated in 2010 to reflect changes in plans (e.g., the previously mentioned new power agreement at the Portovesme smelter in Italy – see 2010 Actions above), natural attrition, and other factors. The remaining terminations are expected to be completed by the end of 2012. In 2011 and 2010, cash payments of $13 and $60, respectively, were made against layoff reserves related to 2009 restructuring programs.

Alcoa does not include Restructuring and other charges in the results of its reportable segments. The pretax impact of allocating such charges to segment results would have been as follows:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Alumina |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 5 |
Primary Metals |  |  | 212 |  |  |  | 145 |  |  |  | 30 |
Flat-Rolled Products |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | (11 | ) |  |  | 65 |
Engineered Products and Solutions |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | 18 |  |  |  | 64 |
Segment total |  |  | 267 |  |  |  | 164 |  |  |  | 164 |
Corporate |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | 73 |
Total restructuring and other charges |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | 207 |  |  | $ | 237 |

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Activity and reserve balances for restructuring charges were as follows:

|  | Layoff costs |  |  | Other exit costs |  |  | Total |
Reserve balances at December 31, 2008 |  | $ | 251 |  |  | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | 328 |
2009: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash payments |  |  | (203 | ) |  |  | (18 | ) |  |  | (221 | )
Restructuring charges |  |  | 186 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 199 |
Other* |  |  | (74 | ) |  |  | (6 | ) |  |  | (80 | )
Reserve balances at December 31, 2009 |  |  | 160 |  |  |  | 66 |  |  |  | 226 |
2010: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash payments |  |  | (93 | ) |  |  | (15 | ) |  |  | (108 | )
Restructuring charges |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | 96 |
Other* |  |  | (57 | ) |  |  | (41 | ) |  |  | (98 | )
Reserve balances at December 31, 2010 |  |  | 53 |  |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | 116 |
2011: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash payments |  |  | (45 | ) |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | (54 | )
Restructuring charges |  |  | 93 |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 130 |
Other* |  |  | (24 | ) |  |  | (34 | ) |  |  | (58 | )
Reserve balances at December 31, 2011 |  | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 134 |

* | Other includes reversals of previously recorded restructuring charges and the effects of foreign currency translation. In 2011, Other for other exit costs also included a reclassification of the following restructuring charges: $18 in environmental and $17 in asset retirement obligations, as these liabilities are included in Alcoa’s separate reserves for environmental remediation (see Note N) and asset retirement obligations (see Note C), respectively. In 2010, Other for other exit costs also included a reclassification of the following restructuring charges: $30 in asset retirement and $14 in environmental obligations, as these liabilities are included in Alcoa’s separate reserves for asset retirement obligations (see Note C) and environmental remediation (see Note N), respectively. In 2009, Other for layoff costs also included a reduction of $26 for reserves related to the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business as Platinum Equity assumed these obligations (see Note F).

The remaining reserves are expected to be paid in cash during 2012, with the exception of approximately $45 to $50, which is expected to be paid over the next several years for lease termination costs, ongoing site remediation work, and special termination benefit payments.

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E. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The following table details the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill:

|  | Alumina |  |  | Primary Metals |  |  | Flat- Rolled Products |  |  | Engineered Products and Solutions |  |  | Corporate* |  |  | Total |
Balance at December 31, 2009: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 939 |  |  | $ | 210 |  |  | $ | 2,532 |  |  | $ | 1,384 |  |  | $ | 5,082 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | )
|  |  | 17 |  |  |  | 939 |  |  |  | 210 |  |  |  | 2,504 |  |  |  | 1,384 |  |  |  | 5,054 |
Acquisition of businesses |  |  | - |  |  |  | 48 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 28 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 76 |
Translation |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | (8 | )
Balance at December 31, 2010: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 993 |  |  |  | 207 |  |  |  | 2,551 |  |  |  | 1,387 |  |  |  | 5,150 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | )
|  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 993 |  |  |  | 207 |  |  |  | 2,523 |  |  |  | 1,387 |  |  |  | 5,122 |
Acquisition of businesses |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 150 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 150 |
Translation |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (12 | ) |  |  | (21 | )
Balance at December 31, 2011: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | 991 |  |  |  | 208 |  |  |  | 2,694 |  |  |  | 1,375 |  |  |  | 5,279 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | )
|  | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 991 |  |  | $ | 208 |  |  | $ | 2,666 |  |  | $ | 1,375 |  |  | $ | 5,251 |

* | As of December 31, 2011, $1,349 of the amount reflected in Corporate is allocated to each of Alcoa’s four reportable segments ($163 to Alumina, $850 to Primary Metals, $63 to Flat-Rolled Products, and $273 to Engineered Products and Solutions) included in the table above for purposes of impairment testing (see Note A). This goodwill is reflected in Corporate for segment reporting purposes because it is not included in management’s assessment of performance by the four reportable segments.

Other intangible assets, which are included in Other noncurrent assets on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet, were as follows:

December 31, 2011 |  | Gross carrying amount |  |  | Accumulated amortization |
Computer software |  | $ | 902 |  |  | $ | (595 | )
Patents and licenses |  |  | 148 |  |  |  | (85 | )
Other intangibles |  |  | 72 |  |  |  | (25 | )
Total amortizable intangible assets |  |  | 1,122 |  |  |  | (705 | )
Indefinite-lived trade names, trademarks, and customer relationships |  |  | 77 |  |  |  | - |
Total other intangible assets |  | $ | 1,199 |  |  | $ | (705 | )

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December 31, 2010 |  | Gross carrying amount |  |  | Accumulated amortization |
Computer software |  | $ | 936 |  |  | $ | (555 | )
Patents and licenses |  |  | 148 |  |  |  | (80 | )
Other intangibles |  |  | 68 |  |  |  | (28 | )
Total amortizable intangible assets |  |  | 1,152 |  |  |  | (663 | )
Indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks |  |  | 35 |  |  |  | - |
Total other intangible assets |  | $ | 1,187 |  |  | $ | (663 | )

Computer software consists primarily of software costs associated with an enterprise business solution (EBS) within Alcoa to drive common systems among all businesses.

Amortization expense related to the intangible assets in the tables above for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 was $86, $86, and $85, respectively, and is expected to be in the range of approximately $80 to $90 annually from 2012 to 2016.

F. Acquisitions and Divestitures

Pro forma results of the Company, assuming all acquisitions described below were made at the beginning of the earliest prior period presented, would not have been materially different from the results reported.

2011 Acquisitions. On March 9, 2011, Alcoa completed an acquisition of the aerospace fastener business of TransDigm Group Inc. for $240 (cash acquired and post-closing adjustments resulted in a net purchase price of $239). This business is a leading global designer, producer, and supplier of highly engineered aircraft components, with three locations (one in the state of California and two in the United Kingdom) that employ a combined 400 people. Specifically, this business provides a wide variety of high-strength, high temperature nickel alloy specialty engine fasteners, airframe bolts, and slotted entry bearings. In 2010, this business generated sales of $61. The assets and liabilities of this business were included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment as of March 31, 2011; this business’ results of operations were included in this segment beginning March 9, 2011. Based on the preliminary purchase price allocation, goodwill of $154 was recorded for this transaction. Approximately $60 of goodwill is estimated to be deductible for income tax purposes. The final allocation of the purchase price will be based on valuation and other studies, including environmental and other contingent liabilities. Other intangible assets may be identified as a result of the final valuation. The purchase price is subject to certain post-closing adjustments as defined in the acquisition agreement. This acquisition is part of a strategic plan to accelerate the growth of Alcoa’s fastener business, while adding efficiencies, broadening the existing technology base, and expanding product offerings to better serve customers and increase shareholder value.

2010 Acquisitions. In July 2010, Alcoa completed an acquisition of the commercial building and construction business of a privately-held company, Traco, for $77. This business, located in Cranberry, Pennsylvania, employing 650 people, is a premier manufacturer of windows and doors for the commercial building and construction market and generated sales of approximately $100 in 2009. The assets and liabilities of this business were included in the Engineered Products and Solutions segment as of the end of July 2010 and this business’ results of operations were included in this segment since the beginning of August 2010. Based on the preliminary purchase price allocation, goodwill of $28 was recorded for this transaction. In 2011, the purchase price allocation was finalized based on the completion of a valuation study resulting in a reduction in the initial goodwill amount of $4. All of the $24 in goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes. Also in 2011, Alcoa paid an additional $1 to settle working capital, as provided for in the acquisition agreement, reflecting an adjustment to the purchase price. This transaction is no longer subject to post-closing adjustments.

2010 Divestitures. In April 2010, Alcoa completed the divestiture of the Transportation Products Europe business, the assets and liabilities of which were classified as held for sale in 2008, to two separate buyers. Combined, this business

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sold for $14, which was included in Proceeds from the sale of assets and businesses on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows; a gain of $5 ($5 after-tax) was recognized in Restructuring and other charges on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. These two transactions are no longer subject to post-closing adjustments. This business generated sales of $78 in 2009 and, at the time of divestiture, had approximately 360 employees at three locations.

2009 Acquisitions. In March 2009, Alcoa completed a non-cash exchange of its 45.45% stake in the Sapa AB joint venture for Orkla ASA’s (Orkla) 50% stake in the Elkem Aluminium ANS joint venture (Elkem). As a result of this transaction, Elkem is now owned 100% by Alcoa and Sapa AB is now owned 100% by Orkla. Prior to the completion of the exchange transaction, Alcoa accounted for its investments in Sapa AB and Elkem on the equity method and the carrying values were $475 and $435, respectively, at December 31, 2008. Elkem includes aluminum smelters in Lista and Mosjøen, Norway with a combined output of 282 kmt and the anode plant in Mosjøen in which Alcoa already held an 82% stake. These three facilities employed approximately 700 workers combined. The addition of the two smelters and anode plant (supports Norway and Iceland operations) strengthens Alcoa’s leadership position within the aluminum industry. The assets and liabilities of Elkem were included in the Primary Metals segment beginning March 31, 2009 (the final amounts recorded were based on the completion of a valuation study– see below) and Elkem’s results of operations were reflected in this segment starting on April 1, 2009 (prior to this transaction, Alcoa’s existing 50% stake in Elkem was reflected as equity income in this segment). The exchange transaction resulted in the recognition of a $188 gain ($133 after-tax), comprised of a $156 adjustment to the carrying value of Alcoa’s existing 50% interest in Elkem in accordance with fair value accounting and a $32 adjustment for the finalization of the estimated fair value of the Sapa AB joint venture. The $188 gain was reflected in Other (income) expenses, net on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations, of which $156 ($112 after-tax) was reflected in the Primary Metals segment and $32 ($21 after-tax) was reflected in Corporate. The portion of the gain reflected in Corporate was because the original write-down of the 45.45% Sapa AB investment to its estimated fair value in December 2008 was reflected in Corporate. At the time the exchange transaction was completed, Elkem had $18 in cash, which was reflected in the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows as a cash inflow on the acquisitions line.

In early 2010, the purchase price allocation was finalized based on the completion of a valuation study resulting in goodwill of $48 (half of which is deductible for U.S. income tax purposes) and a corresponding reduction in properties, plants, and equipment. There was no change to the gain recognized on the transaction in 2009. Under business combination accounting, prior periods, beginning with the period of acquisition, are required to be revised to reflect changes to the original purchase price allocation; however, this $48 (and the related depreciation expense that would have been recognized in 2009) was deemed immaterial for this purpose.

In June 2009, Alcoa completed an acquisition of a fasteners business located in Morocco for $3. This transaction did not have a material impact on Alcoa’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In July 2009, Alcoa World Alumina LLC (AWA LLC), a majority-owned subsidiary of Alcoa and part of Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals, acquired a BHP Billiton (BHP) subsidiary that holds interests in four bauxite mines and one refining facility in the Republic of Suriname. These interests were part of joint ventures between AWA LLC’s wholly-owned subsidiary in Suriname (Suriname Aluminum Company LLC (Suralco)) and BHP’s subsidiary in which Suralco held a 55% stake and BHP’s subsidiary held a 45% stake. This acquisition strengthens Alcoa’s presence in Suriname and supports its overall growth strategy. In this transaction, in exchange for relinquishing BHP of any further obligations, liabilities, and responsibilities related to the joint ventures (certain of which could result in the recognition of charges in future periods), AWA LLC received direct ownership of the BHP subsidiary. This transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition as it did not meet the requirements to be accounted for as a business combination. Prior to the completion of this transaction, Suralco accounted for its 55% interest in the Suriname operations on the proportional consolidation method. The assets and liabilities of the former BHP subsidiary were included in the Alumina segment beginning July 31, 2009 and 100% of the results of the Suriname operations were reflected in this segment starting on August 1, 2009. This acquisition resulted in the addition of 993 kmt of alumina refining capacity (2,207 kmt is total refinery capacity – approximately 870 kmt is curtailed) to Alcoa’s global refining system. Alcoa recorded a gain of $92 ($36 after-tax and noncontrolling interest), which was reflected in Other (income) expenses, net

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on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations and was reflected in the Alumina segment’s results ($60 after-tax). At the time this transaction was completed, the BHP subsidiary had $97 in cash, which was reflected in the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows as a cash inflow on the acquisitions line.

2009 Divestitures. In June 2009, Alcoa completed the divestiture of the wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business to Platinum Equity, effective June 1, 2009. Alcoa paid $200 to divest this portion of the EES business and recognized a loss of $129 ($168 pretax) in discontinued operations (see Note B) on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. The total cash payment was comprised of the agreed upon transaction price of $175 and working capital and other adjustments of $25 based on the provisions of the purchase agreement. This transaction is no longer subject to post-closing adjustments. Proceeds from the sale of assets and businesses on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows include the $200 as a cash outflow. The wire harness and electrical portion of the EES business generated sales of $1,114 in 2008 and, at the time of divestiture, had operations in 13 countries employing approximately 16,200 employees.

In early 2010, Alcoa recognized an additional loss of $6 ($9 pretax) in discontinued operations as a result of a contract settlement with a former customer of this business (see Note B). Separately, the legal entity that operated the previously sold wire harness and electrical business in Germany filed for insolvency. No lawsuits were filed against Alcoa related to this bankruptcy; however, Platinum Equity did file claims against Alcoa in the proceeding. In 2011, Alcoa recognized an additional loss of $3 ($5 pretax) in discontinued operations as a result of a negotiated settlement related to these claims (see Note B).

In December 2009, Alcoa completed the divestiture of the electronics portion of the EES business to Flextronics Inc. Alcoa paid $4 upon consummation of the transaction and recognized a loss of $9 ($13 pretax) in discontinued operations (see Note B) on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. This transaction remains subject to certain post-closing adjustments as defined in the purchase agreement. Proceeds from the sale of assets and businesses on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows include this payment as a cash outflow. The electronics portion of the EES business generated sales of $104 in 2008 and, at the time of divestiture, had operations in four countries employing approximately 450 employees.

In late 2009, Alcoa completed the sale of two of its foil plants (Sabiñánigo, Spain and Shanghai, China), which were part of the Global Foil business, the assets and liabilities of which were classified as held for sale in 2008, to two separate buyers. Combined, these two facilities were sold for $20, which was included in Proceeds from the sale of assets and businesses on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows, and resulted in a net loss of less than $1. These two transactions are no longer subject to post-closing adjustments. These two locations generated sales of $169 in 2008 and, at the time of divestiture, had approximately 460 employees.

In connection with the 2005 acquisition of two fabricating facilities in Russia, Alcoa could be required to make contingent payments of approximately $50 through 2015 based upon the achievement of various financial and operating targets. Any such payment would be reflected as additional goodwill.

G. Inventories

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Finished goods |  | $ | 537 |  |  | $ | 474 |
Work-in-process |  |  | 911 |  |  |  | 826 |
Bauxite and alumina |  |  | 656 |  |  |  | 621 |
Purchased raw materials |  |  | 532 |  |  |  | 405 |
Operating supplies |  |  | 263 |  |  |  | 258 |
|  | $ | 2,899 |  |  | $ | 2,584 |

At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the total amount of inventories valued on a LIFO basis was 35%. If valued on an average-cost basis, total inventories would have been $801 and $742 higher at December 31, 2011 and 2010,

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respectively. During the three-year period ended December 31, 2011, reductions in LIFO inventory quantities caused partial liquidations of the lower cost LIFO inventory base. These liquidations resulted in the recognition of income of $2 ($1 after-tax) in 2011, $27 ($17 after-tax) in 2010, and $175 ($114 after-tax) in 2009.

H. Properties, Plants, and Equipment, Net

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Land and land rights, including mines |  | $ | 667 |  |  | $ | 631 |
Structures |  |  | 12,111 |  |  |  | 11,657 |
Machinery and equipment |  |  | 23,333 |  |  |  | 23,189 |
|  |  | 36,111 |  |  |  | 35,477 |
Less: accumulated depreciation, depletion, and amortization |  |  | 18,404 |  |  |  | 17,487 |
|  |  | 17,707 |  |  |  | 17,990 |
Construction work-in-progress |  |  | 1,709 |  |  |  | 2,193 |
|  | $ | 19,416 |  |  | $ | 20,183 |

As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the net carrying value of temporarily idled smelting assets was $166 and $306, representing 353 kmt and 587 kmt of idle capacity, respectively. Additionally, the net carrying value of permanently idled smelting assets, representing 291 kmt, was written off at the end of 2011 (see Note D). At December 31, 2010, the net carrying value of these now permanently idled smelting assets was $152. Also, the net carrying value of temporarily idled refining assets was $65 and $100 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, representing 1,177 and 1,321 kmt of idle capacity, respectively.

I. Investments

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Equity investments |  | $ | 1,524 |  |  | $ | 1,244 |
Other investments |  |  | 102 |  |  |  | 96 |
|  | $ | 1,626 |  |  | $ | 1,340 |

Equity Investments. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, Equity investments included an interest in a project to develop a fully-integrated aluminum complex in Saudi Arabia (see below), hydroelectric power projects in Brazil (see Note N), a smelter operation in Canada (25.05% of Pechiney Reynolds Quebec, Inc.), bauxite mining interests in Guinea (45% of Halco Mining, Inc.) and Brazil (18.2% of Mineração Rio do Norte S.A.), and a natural gas pipeline in Australia (see Note N). In 2011, 2010, and 2009, Alcoa received $100, $33, and $56, respectively, in dividends from its equity investments.

In December 2009, Alcoa and Saudi Arabian Mining Company (known as “Ma’aden”) entered into a 30-year joint venture shareholders’ agreement (automatic extension for an additional 20 years, unless the parties agree otherwise or unless earlier terminated) setting forth the terms for the development, construction, ownership, and operation of an integrated bauxite mine, alumina refinery, aluminum smelter, and rolling mill, in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, the project to be developed by the joint venture will consist of: (i) a bauxite mine for the extraction of approximately 4,000 kmt of bauxite from the Al Ba’itha bauxite deposit near Quiba in the northern part of Saudi Arabia; (ii) an alumina refinery with an initial capacity of 1,800 kmt; (iii) a primary aluminum smelter with an initial capacity of 740 kmt; and (iv) a rolling mill with an initial capacity of 380 kmt. The refinery, smelter, and rolling mill will be constructed in an industrial area at Ras Al Khair (formerly Ras Az Zawr) on the east coast of Saudi Arabia. The facilities will use critical infrastructure, including power generation derived from reserves of natural gas, as well as port and rail facilities, developed by the government of Saudi Arabia. First production from the smelter and rolling mill is anticipated in 2013, and first production from the mine and refinery is expected in 2014.

As initially conceived, the joint venture was to be owned 60% by Ma’aden with the other 40% being controlled by Alcoa through a special-purpose vehicle (SPV). Through this SPV arrangement, Alcoa and Aluminum Financing

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Limited would each have had a 20% economic interest in the joint venture. Aluminum Financing Limited’s investment was in the form of subordinated, participating convertible notes issued by the SPV (the “Notes”), which had common equity rights in the SPV, and were to be converted into permanent equity at a future date based on certain conditions as defined in the underlying SPV agreement.

Following the signing of the joint venture shareholders’ agreement, Alcoa paid Ma’aden $80 representing the initial investment of the 40% interest in the project. This investment was included in Additions to investments on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows. Aluminum Financing Limited’s 50% share of the $80 was reflected as Convertible securities of subsidiary on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and in Contributions from noncontrolling interests on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows.

In March 2010, Alcoa and Ma’aden executed a supplement to the joint venture shareholders’ agreement and modified the ownership structure such that the joint venture is now owned 74.9% by Ma’aden and 25.1% by Alcoa (Aluminum Financing Limited is no longer a participant). Concurrent with modifying the joint venture shareholders’ agreement with Ma’aden, Alcoa entered into an agreement with Aluminum Financing Limited under which Alcoa redeemed the $40 in Notes, and Aluminum Financing Limited terminated all of its current and future interests in the SPV, for a payment of $60. This $60 was included in Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Cash Flows. The difference between the redemption amount and the carrying value of the Notes was reflected as a reduction in Additional capital on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Going forward, Ma’aden and Alcoa will have put and call options, respectively, whereby Ma’aden can require Alcoa to purchase from Ma’aden, or Alcoa can require Ma’aden to sell to Alcoa, a 14.9% interest in the joint venture at the then fair market value. These options may only be exercised in a six-month window that opens five years after the Commercial Production Date (as defined in the joint venture shareholders’ agreement) and, if exercised, must be exercised for the full 14.9% interest. In addition, Alcoa paid $22 and $34 to Ma’aden in 2011 and 2010, respectively, representing Alcoa’s pro rata share of certain agreed upon pre-incorporation costs incurred by Ma’aden before formation of the joint venture.

The Alcoa affiliate that holds Alcoa’s interests in the smelting company and the rolling mill company is wholly owned by Alcoa, and the Alcoa affiliate that holds Alcoa’s interests in the mining and refining company is wholly owned by Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals (AWAC), which is owned 60% by Alcoa and 40% by Alumina Limited. Except in limited circumstances, Alcoa may not sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of or encumber or enter into any agreement in respect of the votes or other rights attached to its interests in the joint venture without Ma’aden’s prior written consent.

A number of Alcoa employees perform various types of services for the smelting, rolling mill, and refining and mining companies as part of the construction of the fully-integrated aluminum complex. At December 31, 2011, Alcoa has an outstanding receivable of $25 from the smelting, rolling mill, and refining and mining companies for labor and other employee-related expenses.

Capital investment in the project is expected to total approximately $10,800 (SAR 40.5 billion). As a result of the changes in the ownership structure described above, Alcoa’s equity investment in the joint venture will be approximately $1,100 over a four-year period, and Alcoa will be responsible for its pro rata share of the joint venture’s project financing. During 2011 and 2010, Alcoa contributed $249 and $160, respectively, towards the $1,100 commitment. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the carrying value of Alcoa’s investment in this project, including the initial investment and respective pre-incorporation costs, was $565 and $285, respectively.

In late 2010, the smelting and rolling mill companies entered into project financing totaling $4,035, of which $1,013 represents Alcoa’s share (the equivalent of Alcoa’s 25.1% interest in the smelting and rolling mill companies). In conjunction with the financing, Alcoa issued guarantees on behalf of the smelting and rolling mill companies to the lenders in the event that such companies default on their debt service requirements through June 2017 and December 2018, respectively, (Ma’aden issued similar guarantees for its 74.9% interest). Alcoa’s guarantees for the smelting and

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rolling mill companies cover total debt service requirements of $108 in principal and up to a maximum of approximately $50 in interest per year (based on projected interest rates). At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the combined fair value of the guarantees was $8 and was included in Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet. Under the project financing, a downgrade of Alcoa’s credit ratings below investment grade by at least two agencies would require Alcoa to provide a letter of credit or fund an escrow account for a portion or all of Alcoa’s remaining equity commitment to the joint venture project in Saudi Arabia.

In late 2011, the refining and mining company entered into project financing totaling $1,992, of which $500 represents AWAC’s 25.1% interest in the refining and mining company. In conjunction with the financing, Alcoa, on behalf of AWAC, issued guarantees to the lenders in the event that the refining and mining company defaults on its debt service requirements through June 2019 (Ma’aden issued similar guarantees for its 74.9% interest). Alcoa’s guarantees for the refining and mining company cover total debt service requirements of $60 in principal and up to a maximum of approximately $25 in interest per year (based on projected interest rates). At December 31, 2011, the combined fair value of the guarantees was $4. In the event Alcoa would be required to make payments under the guarantees, 40% of such amount would be contributed to Alcoa by Alumina Limited, consistent with its ownership interest in AWAC. Under the project financing, a downgrade of Alcoa’s credit ratings below investment grade by at least two agencies would require Alcoa to provide a letter of credit or fund an escrow account for a portion or all of Alcoa’s remaining equity commitment to the joint venture project in Saudi Arabia.

Power for the refinery, smelter, and rolling mill will be supplied under a gas allocation from Saudi Aramco, based on authorization of the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources of Saudi Arabia (the “Ministry of Petroleum”). The letter authorizing the gas allocation provides for gas to be tolled and power to be supplied to the refinery, smelter, and rolling mill from an adjacent power and water desalination plant being constructed by a company ultimately owned by the government of Saudi Arabia, with the major tolling elements fixed at cost. The gas allocation is contingent on the finalization of implementing contractual arrangements and on the achievement of certain milestones, as defined in the joint venture shareholders’ agreement, and includes possible penalties if the milestones are not met, including the following: (i) potential forfeiture of a $350 letter of credit required to be provided to the Ministry of Petroleum by Ma’aden (with Alcoa responsible for its pro rata share) to ensure completion of the refinery, (ii) potential forfeiture of the gas allocation if the smelter is not completed, (iii) a potential requirement for the smelter to allocate 275 kmt of aluminum to other entities determined by the Ministry of Petroleum if the rolling mill is not constructed, and (iv) under a new version of the gas allocation (issued in early 2011), forfeiture of a $60 letter of credit if certain auxiliary rolling facilities are not completed.

The parties subject to the joint venture shareholders’ agreement and the SPV agreement may not sell, transfer, or otherwise dispose of, pledge, or encumber any interests in the joint venture or SPV until certain milestones have been met as defined in both agreements. Under the joint venture shareholders’ agreement, upon the occurrence of an unremedied event of default by Alcoa, Ma’aden may purchase, or, upon the occurrence of an unremedied event of default by Ma’aden, Alcoa may sell, its interest for consideration that varies depending on the time of the default. Under the SPV agreement, upon the occurrence of an unremedied event of default by Alcoa, Alcoa’s right to receive distributions will be suspended.

Other Investments. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, Other investments included $92 and $93, respectively, in exchange-traded fixed income and equity securities, which are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recognized in other comprehensive income. Unrealized and realized gains and losses related to these securities were immaterial in 2011, 2010, and 2009.

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J. Other Noncurrent Assets

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Intangibles, net (E) |  | $ | 494 |  |  | $ | 524 |
Value-added tax receivable |  |  | 510 |  |  |  | 495 |
Cash surrender value of life insurance |  |  | 455 |  |  |  | 464 |
Prepaid gas transmission contract |  |  | 346 |  |  |  | 332 |
Deferred mining costs, net |  |  | 221 |  |  |  | 173 |
Unamortized debt expense |  |  | 98 |  |  |  | 95 |
Fair value of derivative contracts (X) |  |  | 44 |  |  |  | 92 |
Prepaid pension benefit (W) |  |  | 109 |  |  |  | 84 |
Other |  |  | 291 |  |  |  | 286 |
|  | $ | 2,568 |  |  | $ | 2,545 |

K. Debt

Long-Term Debt.

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
6% Notes, due 2012 |  | $ | 322 |  |  | $ | 322 |
5.375% Notes, due 2013 |  |  | - |  |  |  | 553 |
6% Notes, due 2013 |  |  | 422 |  |  |  | 750 |
5.25% Convertible Notes, due 2014 |  |  | 575 |  |  |  | 575 |
5.55% Notes, due 2017 |  |  | 750 |  |  |  | 750 |
6.5% Bonds, due 2018 |  |  | 250 |  |  |  | 250 |
6.75% Notes, due 2018 |  |  | 750 |  |  |  | 750 |
5.72% Notes, due 2019 |  |  | 750 |  |  |  | 750 |
6.15% Notes, due 2020 |  |  | 1,000 |  |  |  | 1,000 |
5.40% Notes, due 2021 |  |  | 1,250 |  |  |  | - |
5.87% Notes, due 2022 |  |  | 627 |  |  |  | 627 |
5.9% Notes, due 2027 |  |  | 625 |  |  |  | 625 |
6.75% Bonds, due 2028 |  |  | 300 |  |  |  | 300 |
5.95% Notes due 2037 |  |  | 625 |  |  |  | 625 |
BNDES Loans, due 2012-2029 (see below for weighted average rates) |  |  | 627 |  |  |  | 899 |
Other* |  |  | 212 |  |  |  | 297 |
|  |  | 9,085 |  |  |  | 9,073 |
Less: amount due within one year |  |  | 445 |  |  |  | 231 |
|  | $ | 8,640 |  |  | $ | 8,842 |

* | Other includes various financing arrangements related to subsidiaries, unamortized debt discounts related to the outstanding notes and bonds listed in the table above, a beneficial conversion feature related to the convertible notes (see below), and adjustments to the carrying value of long-term debt related to interest swap contracts accounted for as fair value hedges (see the Derivatives section of Note X).

The principal amount of long-term debt maturing in each of the next five years is $445 in 2012, $549 in 2013, $743 in 2014, $45 in 2015, and $26 in 2016.

Public Debt—In February 2011, Alcoa filed an automatic shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission for an indeterminate amount of securities for future issuance. This shelf registration statement replaced Alcoa’s existing shelf registration statement (filed in March 2008). As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, $1,250 and $3,075 in senior debt securities were issued under the respective shelf registration statements.

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In April 2011, Alcoa completed a public debt offering under its existing shelf registration statement (dated February 18, 2011) for $1,250 of 5.40% Notes due 2021 (the “2021 Notes”). Alcoa received $1,241 in net proceeds from the public debt offering reflecting an original issue discount and payment of financing costs. The net proceeds were used for the early retirement of $881 in outstanding notes (see below), early repayment of $101 in outstanding loans related to the bauxite mine development in Brazil (see BNDES Loans below), and the remainder was used for general corporate purposes. The original issue discount and financing costs were deferred and are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2021 Notes. Interest on the 2021 Notes is paid semi-annually in April and October, which commenced in October 2011. Alcoa has the option to redeem the 2021 Notes, as a whole or in part, at any time or from time to time, on at least 30 days, but not more than 60 days, prior notice to the holders of the 2021 Notes at a redemption price specified in the 2021 Notes. The 2021 Notes are subject to repurchase upon the occurrence of a change in control repurchase event (as defined in the 2021 Notes) at a repurchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2021 Notes repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest on the 2021 Notes repurchased. The 2021 Notes rank pari passu with Alcoa’s other unsecured senior unsubordinated indebtedness.

In May 2011, Alcoa completed the following tender offers: (i) any and all of its 5.375% Notes due 2013 (the “5.375% Notes”) and (ii) up to $400 of its 6.00% Notes due 2013 (the “6.00% Notes” and collectively with the 5.375% Notes, the “Notes”). Upon expiration of the tender offers, $269 and $328 of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 5.375% Notes and 6.00% Notes, respectively, were validly tendered and accepted. Additionally in May 2011, subsequent to the expiration of the tender offer for the 5.375% Notes, Alcoa elected to call for redemption the remaining outstanding principal of $284 under the provisions of the 5.375% Notes. The total cash paid to the holders of the tendered 5.375% Notes and 6.00% Notes and the called 5.375% Notes was $972, which consisted of $881 in debt principal, $74 in purchase premiums, and $17 in accrued and unpaid interest from the respective last interest payment dates up to, but not including, the respective settlement dates. The $74 was recorded in Interest expense on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. At December 31, 2011, the 6.00% Notes had a remaining outstanding principal of $422.

In conjunction with the early retirement of the 5.375% Notes, Alcoa terminated interest rate swaps with a notional amount totaling $550. These swaps were accounted for as fair value hedges and were used to convert the stated interest rate of the 5.375% Notes from fixed to floating. At the time of termination, the swaps were “in-the-money” resulting in a gain of $33, which was recorded in Interest expense on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations.

On August 1, 2010, Alcoa repaid the $511 in outstanding principal of its 7.375% Notes as scheduled using available cash on hand.

In August 2010, Alcoa completed a public debt offering under its then-existing shelf registration statement for $1,000 of 6.150% Notes due 2020 (the “2020 Notes”). Alcoa received $993 in net proceeds from the public debt offering reflecting an original issue discount and payment of financing costs. The net proceeds were used for the early retirement of $825 in outstanding notes (see below), early repayment of $88 in outstanding loans related to the refinery expansion and bauxite mine development in Brazil (see BNDES Loans below), and the remainder was for the repayment of other outstanding debt. The original issue discount and financing costs were deferred and are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2020 Notes. Interest on the 2020 Notes is paid semi-annually in February and August, which commenced February 2011. Alcoa has the option to redeem the 2020 Notes, as a whole or in part, at any time or from time to time, on at least 30 days, but not more than 60 days, prior notice to the holders of the 2020 Notes at a redemption price specified in the 2020 Notes. The 2020 Notes are subject to repurchase upon the occurrence of a change in control repurchase event (as defined in the 2020 Notes) at a repurchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Notes repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest on the 2020 Notes repurchased. The 2020 Notes rank pari passu with Alcoa’s other unsecured senior unsubordinated indebtedness.

Also in August 2010, Alcoa completed the following tender offers: (i) any and all of its 6.50% Notes due 2011 (the “2011 Notes”) and (ii) an amount of its 6.00% Notes due 2012 (the “2012 Notes”) and its 5.375% Notes not to exceed the difference between $750 and the purchase price of the 2011 Notes accepted for purchase, provided that the

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purchase of the 5.375% Notes was subject to an aggregate purchase sublimit of $50. Upon expiration of the tender offers, $253, $195, and $47 of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 2011 Notes, 2012 Notes, and 5.375% Notes, respectively, were validly tendered and accepted. Additionally in August 2010, subsequent to the expiration of the tender offer for the 2011 Notes, Alcoa elected to call for redemption the remaining outstanding principal of $330 under the provisions of the 2011 Notes. The total cash paid to the holders of the tendered 2011 Notes, 2012 Notes, and 5.375% Notes and the called 2011 Notes was $878, which consisted of $825 in debt principal, $42 in purchase premiums, and $11 in accrued and unpaid interest from the respective last interest payment dates up to, but not including, the respective settlement dates. The $42 was recorded in Interest expense on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. At December 31, 2010, the 2012 Notes and 5.375% Notes had a remaining outstanding principal of $322 and $553, respectively.

In conjunction with the early retirement of the 2011 Notes and a portion of both the 2012 Notes and 5.375% Notes, Alcoa terminated all or a portion of various interest rate swaps with a notional amount totaling $825 (equivalent to the debt principal retired). These swaps were accounted for as fair value hedges and were used to convert the stated interest rates of the 2011 Notes, 2012 Notes, and 5.375% Notes from fixed to floating. At the time of termination, the swaps were “in-the-money” resulting in a gain of $28, which was recorded in Interest expense on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. At December 31, 2010, the 2012 Notes and 5.375% Notes had outstanding interest rate swaps with a remaining notional amount of $315 and $550, respectively.

BNDES Loans—In March 2008, Alcoa Alumínio (Alumínio) entered into two separate loan agreements (the “First Loans”) with Brazil’s National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDES) related to the Juruti bauxite mine development and the São Luís refinery expansion.

The first loan agreement provides for a commitment of $248 (R$500), which is divided into five subloans, and was used to pay for certain expenditures of the Juruti bauxite mine development. Interest on four of the subloans totaling $233 (R$470) is a Brazil real rate of interest equal to BNDES’ long-term interest rate, 6.00% as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, plus a weighted-average margin of 2.13%. Interest on the fifth subloan of $15 (R$30) is a U.S. dollar rate of interest equal to the average cost incurred by BNDES in raising capital outside of Brazil, 3.59% and 4.16% as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, plus a margin of 2.40%.

Principal and interest were payable monthly beginning in September 2009 and ending in November 2014 for the four subloans totaling $233 (R$470) and beginning in November 2009 and ending in January 2015 for the subloan of $15 (R$30). Prior to these dates, interest was payable quarterly on borrowed amounts.

As of December 31, 2011, Alumínio’s outstanding borrowings were $55 (R$102) and $3 (R$7) and the weighted-average interest rate was 8.13% and 5.99% for the subloans totaling $233 (R$470) and the subloan of $15 (R$30), respectively. During 2011, Alumínio repaid $131 (R$209) and $7 (R$11) of outstanding borrowings related to the subloans totaling $233 (R$470) and the subloan of $15 (R$30), respectively. As of December 31, 2010, Alumínio’s outstanding borrowings were $186 (R$312) and $10 (R$17) and the weighted-average interest rate was 8.13% and 6.56% for the subloans totaling $233 (R$470) and the subloan of $15 (R$30), respectively. During 2010, Alumínio repaid $75 (R$130) and $4 (R$8) of outstanding borrowings related to the subloans totaling $233 (R$470) and the subloan of $15 (R$30), respectively.

The second loan agreement provides for a commitment of $374 (R$650), which is divided into three subloans, and was used to pay for certain expenditures of the São Luís refinery expansion. Interest on two of the subloans totaling $339 (R$589) is a Brazil real rate of interest equal to BNDES’ long-term interest rate plus a weighted-average margin of 1.99%. Interest on the third subloan of $35 (R$61) is a U.S. dollar rate of interest equal to the average cost incurred by BNDES in raising capital outside of Brazil plus a margin of 2.02%.

Principal and interest were payable monthly beginning in December 2009 and ending in February 2015 for the two subloans totaling $339 (R$589) and beginning in February 2010 and ending in April 2015 for the subloan of $35 (R$61). Prior to these dates, interest was payable quarterly on borrowed amounts.

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As of December 31, 2011, Alumínio’s outstanding borrowings were $191 (R$356) and $23 (R$42) and the weighted-average interest rate was 7.99% and 5.61% for the subloans totaling $339 (R$589) and the subloan of $35 (R$61), respectively. During 2011, Alumínio repaid $67 (R$113) and $7 (R$11) of outstanding borrowings related to the subloans totaling $339 (R$589) and the subloan of $35 (R$61), respectively. As of December 31, 2010, Alumínio’s outstanding borrowings were $280 (R$469) and $29 (R$48) and the weighted-average interest rate was 7.99% and 6.18% for the subloans totaling $339 (R$589) and the subloan of $35 (R$61), respectively. During 2010, Alumínio repaid $64 (R$112) and $6 (R$11) of outstanding borrowings related to the subloans totaling $339 (R$589) and the subloan of $35 (R$61), respectively.

The First Loans may be repaid early without penalty with the approval of BNDES. Also, the First Loans include a financial covenant that states that Alcoa must maintain a debt-to-equity ratio of 1.5 or lower.

In June 2008, Alumínio finalized certain documents related to another loan agreement with BNDES. This loan agreement provides for a commitment of $397 (R$687), which is divided into three subloans, and is being used to pay for certain expenditures of the Estreito hydroelectric power project. Interest on the three subloans is a Brazil real rate of interest equal to BNDES’ long-term interest rate plus a weighted-average margin of 1.48%. Principal and interest are payable monthly beginning in October 2011 and ending in September 2029 for two of the subloans totaling R$667 and beginning in July 2012 and ending in June 2018 for the subloan of R$20. This loan may be repaid early without penalty with the approval of BNDES. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, Alumínio’s outstanding borrowings were $355 (R$661) and $394 (R$662), respectively, and the weighted-average interest rate was 7.50% and 7.52%, respectively. During 2011, Alumínio repaid $5 (R$9) of outstanding borrowings

In May 2009, Alumínio entered into two new loan agreements (the “Second Loans”) with BNDES related to the Juruti bauxite mine development and the São Luís refinery expansion.

The first loan agreement provided for a commitment of $321 (R$750), which was divided into six subloans, and was used to pay for certain expenditures of the Juruti bauxite mine development. Interest on two of the subloans totaling $257 (R$600) was a U.S. dollar rate of interest equal to the average cost incurred by BNDES in raising capital outside of Brazil plus a weighted-average margin of 1.69%. Interest on four of the subloans totaling $64 (R$150) was a Brazil real rate of interest equal to BNDES’ long-term interest rate plus a weighted-average margin of 1.59%. As of December 31, 2010, Alumínio had no outstanding borrowings under any of the subloans. During 2010, Alumínio repaid early $70 (R$123) and $23 (R$41) of outstanding borrowings related to the subloans totaling $257 (R$600) and the subloans totaling $64 (R$150), respectively.

The second loan agreement provided for a commitment of $86 (R$200), which was divided into four subloans, and was used to pay for certain expenditures of the São Luís refinery expansion. Interest on two of the subloans totaling $69 (R$160) was a U.S. dollar rate of interest equal to the average cost incurred by BNDES in raising capital outside of Brazil plus a weighted-average margin of 1.70%. Interest on two of the subloans totaling $17 (R$40) was a Brazil real rate of interest equal to BNDES’ long-term interest rate plus a weighted-average margin of 1.70%. As of December 31, 2010, Alumínio had no outstanding borrowings under any of the subloans. During 2010, Alumínio repaid early $33 (R$57) and $12 (R$19) of outstanding borrowings related to the subloans totaling $69 (R$160) and the subloans totaling $17 (R$40), respectively.

Principal and interest on the Second Loans were payable monthly beginning in November 2010 and ending in April 2016. Prior to November 2010, interest was payable quarterly on borrowed amounts. The Second Loans were repaid early without penalty under the approval of BNDES. With the full repayment of the Second Loans, the commitments were effectively terminated.

Commercial Paper. Outstanding commercial paper was $224 at December 31, 2011. Alcoa had no outstanding commercial paper at December 31, 2010. In 2011 and 2010, the average outstanding commercial paper was $197 and $166. Commercial paper matures at various times within one year and had an annual weighted average interest rate of 0.6%, 0.7%, and 3.1% during 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.

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On July 25, 2011, Alcoa entered into a Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with a syndicate of lenders and issuers named therein. The Credit Agreement provides a $3,750 senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), the proceeds of which are to be used to provide working capital or for other general corporate purposes of Alcoa, including support of Alcoa’s commercial paper program. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement, Alcoa may from time to time request increases in lender commitments under the Credit Facility, not to exceed $500 in aggregate principal amount, and may also request the issuance of letters of credit, subject to a letter of credit sublimit of $1,000 under the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility matures on July 25, 2016, unless extended or earlier terminated in accordance with the provisions of the Credit Agreement. Alcoa may make two one-year extension requests during the term of the Credit Facility, with any extension being subject to the lender consent requirements set forth in the Credit Agreement. Under the provisions of the Credit Agreement, Alcoa will pay a fee of 0.25% (based on Alcoa’s long-term debt ratings as of December 31, 2011) of the total commitment per annum to maintain the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility is unsecured and amounts payable under it will rank pari passu with all other unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness of Alcoa. Borrowings under the Credit Facility may be denominated in U.S. dollars or euros. Loans will bear interest at a base rate or a rate equal to LIBOR, plus, in each case, an applicable margin based on the credit ratings of Alcoa’s outstanding senior unsecured long-term debt. The applicable margin on base rate loans and LIBOR loans will be 0.50% and 1.50% per annum, respectively, based on Alcoa’s long-term debt ratings as of December 31, 2011. Loans may be prepaid without premium or penalty, subject to customary breakage costs.

The Credit Facility replaces Alcoa’s Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2007 (the “Former Credit Agreement”), which was scheduled to mature on October 2, 2012. The Former Credit Agreement, which had a total capacity (excluding the commitment of Lehman Commercial Paper Inc.) of $3,275 and was undrawn, was terminated effective July 25, 2011.

The Credit Agreement includes covenants substantially similar to those in the Former Credit Agreement, including, among others, (a) a leverage ratio, (b) limitations on Alcoa’s ability to incur liens securing indebtedness for borrowed money, (c) limitations on Alcoa’s ability to consummate a merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of its assets, and (d) limitations on Alcoa’s ability to change the nature of its business. As of December 31, 2011, Alcoa was in compliance with all such covenants.

The obligation of Alcoa to pay amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an “Event of Default” as defined in the Credit Agreement. Such Events of Default include, among others, (a) Alcoa’s failure to pay the principal of, or interest on, borrowings under the Credit Facility, (b) any representation or warranty of Alcoa in the Credit Agreement proving to be materially false or misleading, (c) Alcoa’s breach of any of its covenants contained in the Credit Agreement, and (d) the bankruptcy or insolvency of Alcoa.

There were no amounts outstanding at December 31, 2011 and no amounts were borrowed during 2011 under the Credit Facility. There were no amounts outstanding at December 31, 2010 and no amounts were borrowed during 2011 and 2010 under the Former Credit Agreement.

Short-Term Borrowings. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, Short-term borrowings were $62 and $92, respectively (see Note Y). These amounts included $53 and $56 at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, related to accounts payable settlement arrangements with certain vendors and third-party intermediaries. These arrangements provide that, at the vendor’s request, the third-party intermediary advances the amount of the scheduled payment to the vendor, less an appropriate discount, before the scheduled payment date and Alcoa makes payment to the third-party intermediary on the date stipulated in accordance with the commercial terms negotiated with its vendors. Alcoa records imputed interest related to these arrangements as interest expense in the Statement of Consolidated Operations. The remaining amount of short-term borrowings represents working capital loans for various subsidiaries.

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L. Other Noncurrent Liabilities and Deferred Credits

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Fair value of derivative contracts (X) |  | $ | 624 |  |  | $ | 703 |
Asset retirement obligations (C) |  |  | 503 |  |  |  | 442 |
Deferred income taxes (T) |  |  | 395 |  |  |  | 388 |
Accrued compensation and retirement costs |  |  | 304 |  |  |  | 314 |
Environmental remediation (N) |  |  | 289 |  |  |  | 302 |
Deferred alumina sales revenue |  |  | 116 |  |  |  | 125 |
Other |  |  | 197 |  |  |  | 302 |
|  | $ | 2,428 |  |  | $ | 2,576 |

M. Noncontrolling Interests

The following table summarizes the noncontrolling shareholders’ interests in the equity of Alcoa’s majority-owned consolidated subsidiaries:

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals |  | $ | 3,324 |  |  | $ | 3,452 |
Other |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 23 |
|  | $ | 3,351 |  |  | $ | 3,475 |

In 2011, 2010, and 2009, Alcoa received $169, $162, and $440, respectively, in contributions from the noncontrolling shareholder (Alumina Limited) of Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals.

N. Contingencies and Commitments

Contingencies

Litigation. On February 27, 2008, Alcoa Inc. received notice that Aluminium Bahrain B.S.C. (Alba) had filed suit against Alcoa Inc. and Alcoa World Alumina LLC (collectively, “Alcoa”), and others, in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania (the “Court”), Civil Action number 08-299, styled Aluminium Bahrain B.S.C. v. Alcoa Inc., Alcoa World Alumina LLC, William Rice, and Victor Phillip Dahdaleh. The complaint alleges that certain Alcoa entities and their agents, including Victor Phillip Dahdaleh, have engaged in a conspiracy over a period of 15 years to defraud Alba. The complaint further alleges that Alcoa and its employees or agents (1) illegally bribed officials of the government of Bahrain and (or) officers of Alba in order to force Alba to purchase alumina at excessively high prices, (2) illegally bribed officials of the government of Bahrain and (or) officers of Alba and issued threats in order to pressure Alba to enter into an agreement by which Alcoa would purchase an equity interest in Alba, and (3) assigned portions of existing supply contracts between Alcoa and Alba for the sole purpose of facilitating alleged bribes and unlawful commissions. The complaint alleges that Alcoa and the other defendants violated the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) and committed fraud. Alba’s complaint seeks compensatory, consequential, exemplary, and punitive damages, rescission of the 2005 alumina supply contract, and attorneys’ fees and costs. Alba seeks treble damages with respect to its RICO claims.

On February 26, 2008, Alcoa Inc. had advised the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that it had recently become aware of these claims, had already begun an internal investigation, and intended to cooperate fully in any investigation that the DOJ or the SEC may commence. On March 17, 2008, the DOJ notified Alcoa that it had opened a formal investigation and Alcoa has been cooperating with the government.

In response to a motion filed by the DOJ on March 27, 2008, the Court ordered the suit filed by Alba to be administratively closed and that all discovery be stayed to allow the DOJ to fully conduct an investigation without the

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interference and distraction of ongoing civil litigation. The Court further ordered that the case will be reopened at the close of the DOJ’s investigation. On November 8, 2011, at Alcoa’s request, the Court removed the case from administrative stay and ordered Alba to file an Amended Complaint by November 28, 2011 and a RICO case statement 30 days thereafter for the limited purpose of allowing Alcoa to move to dismiss Alba’s lawsuit. Pursuant to the November 8, 2011 order, briefing on the motion to dismiss is to be completed by March 2012. Separately, the DOJ’s and SEC’s investigations are ongoing. While Alcoa has been engaged in dialogue with both the DOJ and SEC, it is unable to reasonably predict an outcome or to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss with regard to any of the governmental or private party matters discussed above, but such losses may be material in a particular period to Alcoa’s results of operations.

In November 2006, in Curtis v. Alcoa Inc., Civil Action No. 3:06cv448 (E.D. Tenn.), a class action was filed by plaintiffs representing approximately 13,000 retired former employees of Alcoa or Reynolds Metals Company and spouses and dependents of such retirees alleging violation of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and the Labor-Management Relations Act by requiring plaintiffs, beginning January 1, 2007, to pay health insurance premiums and increased co-payments and co-insurance for certain medical procedures and prescription drugs. Plaintiffs alleged these changes to their retiree health care plans violated their rights to vested health care benefits. Plaintiffs additionally alleged that Alcoa had breached its fiduciary duty to plaintiffs under ERISA by misrepresenting to them that their health benefits would never change. Plaintiffs sought injunctive and declaratory relief, back payment of benefits, and attorneys’ fees. Alcoa had consented to treatment of plaintiffs’ claims as a class action. During the fourth quarter of 2007, following briefing and argument, the court ordered consolidation of the plaintiffs’ motion for preliminary injunction with trial, certified a plaintiff class, bifurcated and stayed the plaintiffs’ breach of fiduciary duty claims, struck the plaintiffs’ jury demand, but indicated it would use an advisory jury, and set a trial date of September 17, 2008. In August 2008, the court set a new trial date of March 24, 2009 and, subsequently, the trial date was moved to September 22, 2009. In June 2009, the court indicated that it would not use an advisory jury at trial. Trial in the matter was held over eight days commencing September 22, 2009 and ending on October 1, 2009 in federal court in Knoxville, TN before the Honorable Thomas Phillips, U.S. District Court Judge. At the conclusion of evidence, the court set a post-hearing briefing schedule for submission of proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law by the parties and for replies to the same. Post trial briefing was submitted on December 4, 2009.

On March 9, 2011, the court issued a judgment order dismissing plaintiffs’ lawsuit in its entirety with prejudice for the reasons stated in its Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law. On March 23, 2011, plaintiffs filed a motion for clarification and/or amendment of the judgment order, which seeks, among other things, a declaration that plaintiffs’ retiree benefits are vested subject to an annual cap and an injunction preventing Alcoa, prior to 2017, from modifying the plan design to which plaintiffs are subject or changing the premiums and deductibles that plaintiffs must pay. Also on March 23, 2011, plaintiffs filed a motion for award of attorney’s fees and expenses. Alcoa filed its opposition to both motions on April 11, 2011. The time for plaintiffs to appeal from the court’s March 9, 2011 judgment will not begin until the court disposes of these motions.

On April 23, 2004, St. Croix Renaissance Group, L.L.L.P. (SCRG), Brownfield Recovery Corp., and Energy Answers Corporation of Puerto Rico (collectively referred to as “Plaintiffs”) filed a suit against St. Croix Alumina L.L.C. and Alcoa World Alumina, LLC (collectively referred to as “Alcoa”) in the Territorial Court of the Virgin Islands, Division of St. Croix for claims related to the sale of Alcoa’s former St. Croix alumina refinery to Plaintiffs. Alcoa thereafter removed the case to federal court and after a several year period of discovery and motion practice, a jury trial on the matter took place in St. Croix from January 11, 2011 to January 20, 2011. The jury returned a verdict in favor of Plaintiffs and awarded damages as described: on a claim of breaches of warranty, the jury awarded $13; on the same claim, the jury awarded punitive damages in the amount of $6; and on a negligence claim for property damage, the jury awarded $10. Plaintiffs filed a motion seeking pre-judgment interest on the jury award. On February 17, 2011, Alcoa filed post-trial motions seeking judgment notwithstanding the verdict or, in the alternative, a new trial. On May 31, 2011, the court granted Alcoa’s motion for judgment regarding Plaintiffs’ $10 negligence award and denied the remainder of Alcoa’s motions. Additionally, the court awarded Plaintiffs pre-judgment interest of $2 on the breach of warranty award. As a result of the court’s post-trial decisions, Alcoa recorded a charge of $20 in 2011 (See Note D). On June 14, 2011, Alcoa filed a notice of appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit regarding Alcoa’s

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denied post-trial motions. On June 22, 2011, SCRG filed a notice of cross appeal with the Third Circuit Court related to certain pre-trial decisions of the court and of the court’s post-trial ruling on the negligence claim. The Third Circuit Court referred this matter to mediation as is its standard practice in appeals.

Before 2002, Alcoa purchased power in Italy in the regulated energy market and received a drawback of a portion of the price of power under a special tariff in an amount calculated in accordance with a published resolution of the Italian Energy Authority, Energy Authority Resolution n. 204/1999. In 2001, the Energy Authority published another resolution, which clarified that the drawback would be calculated in the same manner, and in the same amount, in either the regulated or unregulated market. At the beginning of 2002, Alcoa left the regulated energy market to purchase energy in the unregulated market. Subsequently, in 2004, the Energy Authority introduced regulation no. 148/2004 which set forth a different method for calculating the special tariff that would result in a different drawback for the regulated and unregulated markets. Alcoa challenged the new regulation in the Administrative Court of Milan and received a favorable judgment in 2006. Following this ruling, Alcoa continued to receive the power price drawback in accordance with the original calculation method, through 2009, when the European Commission declared all such special tariffs to be impermissible “state aid.” In 2010, the Energy Authority appealed the 2006 ruling to the Consiglio di Stato (final court of appeal). On December 2, 2011, the Consiglio di Stato ruled in favor of the Energy Authority and against Alcoa, thus presenting the opportunity for the energy regulators to seek reimbursement from Alcoa of an amount equal to the difference between the actual drawback amounts received over the relevant time period, and the drawback as it would have been calculated in accordance with regulation 148/2004. Any such reimbursement would have to be made by way of a separate claim to Alcoa from the energy authorities and, thus far, no such claim has been presented. At this time, the company is unable to reasonably predict an outcome for this matter.

European Commission Matters. In July 2006, the European Commission (EC) announced that it had opened an investigation to establish whether an extension of the regulated electricity tariff granted by Italy to some energy-intensive industries complies with European Union (EU) state aid rules. The Italian power tariff extended the tariff that was in force until December 31, 2005 through November 19, 2009 (Alcoa has been incurring higher power costs at its smelters in Italy subsequent to the tariff end date). The extension was originally through 2010, but the date was changed by legislation adopted by the Italian Parliament effective on August 15, 2009. Prior to expiration of the tariff in 2005, Alcoa had been operating in Italy for more than 10 years under a power supply structure approved by the EC in 1996. That measure provided a competitive power supply to the primary aluminum industry and was not considered state aid from the Italian Government. The EC’s announcement expressed concerns about whether Italy’s extension of the tariff beyond 2005 was compatible with EU legislation and potentially distorted competition in the European market of primary aluminum, where energy is an important part of the production costs.

On November 19, 2009, the EC announced a decision in this matter stating that the extension of the tariff by Italy constituted unlawful state aid, in part, and, therefore, the Italian Government is to recover a portion of the benefit Alcoa received since January 2006 (including interest). The amount of this recovery will be based on a calculation that is being prepared by the Italian Government. Pending formal notification from the Italian Government, Alcoa estimates that a payment in the range of $300 to $500 will be required (the timing of such payment is uncertain). In late 2009, after discussions with legal counsel and reviewing the bases on which the EC decided, including the different considerations cited in the EC decision regarding Alcoa’s two smelters in Italy, Alcoa recorded a charge of $250, including $20 to write off a receivable from the Italian Government for amounts due under the now expired tariff structure. On April 19, 2010, Alcoa filed an appeal of this decision with the General Court of the EU. Alcoa will pursue all substantive and procedural legal steps available to annul the EC’s decision. On May 22, 2010, Alcoa also filed with the General Court a request for injunctive relief to suspend the effectiveness of the decision, but, on July 12, 2010, the General Court denied such request. On September 10, 2010, Alcoa appealed the July 12, 2010 decision to the European Court of Justice (ECJ); this appeal was dismissed on December 16, 2011.

On March 23, 2011, the EC announced that it has decided to refer the Italian Government to the ECJ for failure to comply with the EC’s November 19, 2009 decision.

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Separately, on November 29, 2006, Alcoa filed an appeal before the General Court (formerly the European Court of First Instance) seeking the annulment of the EC’s decision to open an investigation alleging that such decision did not follow the applicable procedural rules. On March 25, 2009, the General Court denied Alcoa’s appeal. On May 29, 2009, Alcoa appealed the March 25, 2009 ruling before the ECJ. The hearing of the May 29, 2009 appeal was held on June 24, 2010. On July 21, 2011, the ECJ denied Alcoa’s appeal.

As a result of the EC’s November 19, 2009 decision, management had contemplated ceasing operations at its Italian smelters due to uneconomical power costs. In February 2010, management agreed to continue to operate its smelters in Italy for up to six months while a long-term solution to address increased power costs could be negotiated.

Also in February 2010, the Italian Government issued a decree, which was converted into law by the Italian Parliament in March 2010, to provide interruptibility rights to certain industrial customers who were willing to be subject to temporary interruptions in the supply of power (i.e. compensation for power interruptions when grids are overloaded) over a three-year period. Alcoa applied for and was granted such rights (expiring on December 31, 2012) related to its Portovesme smelter. In May 2010, the EC stated that, based on their review of the validity of the decree, the interruptibility rights should not be considered state aid. On July 29, 2010, Alcoa executed a new power agreement effective September 1, 2010 through December 31, 2012 for the Portovesme smelter, replacing the short-term, market-based power contract that was in effect since early 2010.

Additionally in May 2010, Alcoa and the Italian Government agreed to a temporary idling of the Fusina smelter. As of June 30, 2010, the Fusina smelter was fully curtailed (44 kmt-per-year).

At the end of 2011, as part of a restructuring of Alcoa’s global smelting system (see Note D), management decided to curtail operations at the Portovesme smelter during the first half of 2012. This action may lead to the permanent closure of the Portovesme smelter, due to the uncertain prospects for viable, long-term power once the current agreement expires at the end of 2012, along with rising raw materials costs and falling global aluminum prices (mid-2011 to late 2011).

In January 2007, the EC announced that it had opened an investigation to establish whether the regulated electricity tariffs granted by Spain comply with EU state aid rules. At the time the EC opened its investigation, Alcoa had been operating in Spain for more than nine years under a power supply structure approved by the Spanish Government in 1986, an equivalent tariff having been granted in 1983. The investigation is limited to the year 2005 and is focused both on the energy-intensive consumers and the distribution companies. The investigation provided 30 days to any interested party to submit observations and comments to the EC. With respect to the energy-intensive consumers, the EC opened the investigation on the assumption that prices paid under the tariff in 2005 were lower than a pool price mechanism, therefore being, in principle, artificially below market conditions. Alcoa submitted comments in which the company provided evidence that prices paid by energy-intensive consumers were in line with the market, in addition to various legal arguments defending the legality of the Spanish tariff system. It is Alcoa’s understanding that the Spanish tariff system for electricity is in conformity with all applicable laws and regulations, and therefore no state aid is present in the tariff system. While Alcoa does not believe that an unfavorable decision is probable, management has estimated that the total potential impact from an unfavorable decision could be approximately $90 (€70) pretax. Also, while Alcoa believes that any additional cost would only be assessed for the year 2005, it is possible that the EC could extend its investigation to later years. If the EC’s investigation concludes that the regulated electricity tariffs for industries are unlawful, Alcoa will have an opportunity to challenge the decision in the EU courts.

Environmental Matters. Alcoa continues to participate in environmental assessments and cleanups at a number of locations (more than 100). These include owned or operating facilities and adjoining properties, previously owned or operating facilities and adjoining properties, and waste sites, including Superfund (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA)) sites. A liability is recorded for environmental remediation when a cleanup program becomes probable and the costs or damages can be reasonably estimated.

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As assessments and cleanups proceed, the liability is adjusted based on progress made in determining the extent of remedial actions and related costs and damages. The liability can change substantially due to factors such as the nature and extent of contamination, changes in remedial requirements, and technological changes, among others.

Alcoa’s remediation reserve balance was $347 and $333 at December 31, 2011 and 2010 (of which $58 and $31 was classified as a current liability), respectively, and reflects the most probable costs to remediate identified environmental conditions for which costs can be reasonably estimated. In 2011, the remediation reserve was increased by $31 due to charges of $18 related to the decision to permanently shut down and demolish a U.S. smelter (see Note D) and a net increase of $13 associated with a number of other sites. In 2010, the remediation reserve was increased by $46 due to charges of $19 related to the Massena West, NY site discussed below, $14 related to the decision to permanently shut down and demolish two U.S. smelters (see Note D), and $11 related to a settlement offer made in late 2010 for outstanding claims resulting from historical discharges into nearby rivers from both smelters in Massena, NY (separate from matter below); a reversal of $9 for previous charges related to a facility located in Russia due to new information; and a net increase of $11 associated with a number of other sites. In both periods, the changes to the remediation reserve, except for the aforementioned $18 in 2011 and $14 in 2010, were recorded in Cost of goods sold on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. Payments related to remediation expenses applied against the reserve were $19 and $17 in 2011 and 2010, respectively. These amounts include expenditures currently mandated, as well as those not required by any regulatory authority or third party. In 2011 and 2010, the change in the reserve also reflects a decrease of $1 and $3, respectively, due to the effects of foreign currency translation. Also, the change in the 2011 reserve reflects an increase of $3 related to the acquisition of an aerospace fasteners business (see Note F).

Included in annual operating expenses are the recurring costs of managing hazardous substances and environmental programs. These costs are estimated to be approximately 2% of cost of goods sold.

The following discussion provides details regarding the current status of certain significant reserves related to current or former Alcoa sites.

Massena West, NY—Alcoa has been conducting investigations and studies of the Grasse River, adjacent to Alcoa’s Massena plant site, under a 1989 order from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued under CERCLA. Sediments and fish in the river contain varying levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).

Alcoa submitted various Analysis of Alternatives Reports to the EPA starting in 1998 through 2002 that reported the results of river and sediment studies, potential alternatives for remedial actions related to the PCB contamination, and additional information requested by the EPA.

In June 2003, the EPA requested that Alcoa gather additional field data to assess the potential for sediment erosion from winter river ice formation and breakup. The results of these additional studies, submitted in a report to the EPA in April 2004, suggest that this phenomenon has the potential to occur approximately every 10 years and may impact sediments in certain portions of the river under all remedial scenarios. The EPA informed Alcoa that a final remedial decision for the river could not be made without substantially more information, including river pilot studies on the effects of ice formation and breakup on each of the remedial techniques. Alcoa submitted to the EPA, and the EPA approved, a Remedial Options Pilot Study (ROPS) to gather this information. The scope of this study included sediment removal and capping, the installation of an ice control structure, and significant monitoring.

From 2004 through 2008, Alcoa completed the work outlined in the ROPS. In November 2008, Alcoa submitted an update to the EPA incorporating the new information obtained from the ROPS related to the feasibility and costs associated with various capping and dredging alternatives, including options for ice control. As a result, Alcoa increased the reserve associated with the Grasse River by $40 for the estimated costs of a proposed ice control remedy and for partial settlement of potential damages of natural resources.

In late 2009, the EPA requested that Alcoa submit a complete revised Analysis of Alternatives Report in March 2010 to address questions and comments from the EPA and various stakeholders. On March 24, 2010, Alcoa submitted the

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revised report, which included an expanded list of proposed remedial alternatives, as directed by the EPA. Alcoa increased the reserve associated with the Grasse River by $17 to reflect an increase in the estimated costs of the Company’s recommended capping alternative as a result of changes in scope that occurred due to the questions and comments from the EPA and various stakeholders. While the EPA reviews the revised report, Alcoa will continue with its on-going monitoring and field studies activities. In late 2010, Alcoa increased the reserve by $2 based on the most recent estimate of costs expected to be incurred for on-going monitoring and field studies activities. In late 2011, the EPA and various stakeholders completed their review of the March 2010 revised report and submitted questions and comments to Alcoa. As a result, Alcoa increased the reserve by $1 to reflect a revision in the estimate of costs expected to be incurred for on-going monitoring and field studies activities.

The ultimate selection of a remedy may result in additional liability. Alternatives analyzed in the most recent Analysis of Alternatives report that are equally effective as the recommended capping remedy range in additional estimated costs between $20 and $100. Alcoa may be required to record a subsequent reserve adjustment at the time the EPA’s Record of Decision is issued that may exceed the estimated range.

Sherwin, TX—In connection with the sale of the Sherwin alumina refinery, which was required to be divested as part of the Reynolds merger in 2000, Alcoa agreed to retain responsibility for the remediation of the then existing environmental conditions, as well as a pro rata share of the final closure of the active waste disposal areas, which remain in use. Alcoa’s share of the closure costs is proportional to the total period of operation of the active waste disposal areas. Alcoa estimated its liability for the active disposal areas by making certain assumptions about the period of operation, the amount of material placed in the area prior to closure, and the appropriate technology, engineering, and regulatory status applicable to final closure. The most probable cost for remediation was reserved.

East St. Louis, IL—In response to questions regarding environmental conditions at the former East St. Louis operations, Alcoa and the City of East St. Louis, the owner of the site, entered into an administrative order with the EPA in December 2002 to perform a remedial investigation and feasibility study of an area used for the disposal of bauxite residue from historic alumina refining operations. A draft feasibility study was submitted to the EPA in April 2005. The feasibility study included remedial alternatives that ranged from no further action to significant grading, stabilization, and water management of the bauxite residue disposal areas. As a result, Alcoa increased the environmental reserve for this location by $15 in 2005. The EPA’s ultimate selection of a remedy could result in additional liability. Alcoa may be required to record a subsequent reserve adjustment at the time the EPA’s Record of Decision is issued.

Vancouver, WA—In 1987, Alcoa sold its Vancouver smelter to a company that is now known as Evergreen Aluminum (Evergreen). The purchase and sale agreement contained a provision that Alcoa retain liability for any environmental issues that arise subsequent to the sale that pre-date 1987. As a result of this obligation, Alcoa recorded a reserve for the Vancouver location at that time. Evergreen decommissioned the smelter and cleaned up its portion of the site under a consent order with the Washington Department of Ecology (WDE). In February 2008, Evergreen notified Alcoa that it had identified numerous areas containing contamination that predated 1987.

Separately, in September 2008, Alcoa completed a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) under the Washington State Model Toxics Control Act and negotiated a consent decree with the WDE, which requires Alcoa to complete cleanup of PCB contaminated sediments in the Columbia River as well as remediate soil contamination in upland portions of the Vancouver property.

In late 2008, Alcoa started cleanup work on the Columbia River and discovered additional contamination and waste materials along the shoreline area and in upland areas. In addition, Evergreen presented additional cost estimates for contaminated areas that were discovered since March 2008.

As a result of all of the above items related to the former Vancouver site, Alcoa increased the environmental reserve by $16 in 2008.

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While continuing the cleanup work on the Columbia River in early 2009, Alcoa discovered more contamination and waste materials, resulting in a $2 increase to the environmental reserve. Later in 2009, cleanup work was completed related to the Evergreen property, the Columbia River, and the upland portions of the Vancouver property. Alcoa submitted a final report on this cleanup work to the WDE near the end of 2009 satisfying the remediation requirements of the consent decree.

On March 17, 2010, Alcoa received a letter from the WDE stating that the work performed by Alcoa related to the Columbia River and the upland portions of the Vancouver property met all of the requirements of the consent decree, as well as the industrial cleanup standards under the Washington State Model Toxics Control Act. No additional reserve adjustment was necessary.

Fusina and Portovesme, Italy—In 1996, Alcoa acquired the Fusina smelter and rolling operations and the Portovesme smelter, both of which are owned by Alcoa’s subsidiary Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l., from Alumix, an entity owned by the Italian Government. At the time of the acquisition, Alumix indemnified Alcoa for pre-existing environmental contamination at the sites. In 2004, the Italian Ministry of Environment (MOE) issued orders to Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l. and Alumix for the development of a clean-up plan related to soil contamination in excess of allowable limits under legislative decree and to institute emergency actions and pay natural resource damages. Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l. appealed the orders and filed suit against Alumix, among others, seeking indemnification for these liabilities under the provisions of the acquisition agreement. In 2009, Ligestra S.r.l., Alumix’s successor, and Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l. agreed to a stay on the court proceedings while investigations were conducted and negotiations advanced towards a possible settlement. In December 2009, Alcoa Trasformazioni S.r.l. and Ligestra S.r.l. reached an agreement for settlement of the liabilities related to Fusina while negotiations continue related to Portovesme. The agreement outlines an allocation of payments to the MOE for emergency action and natural resource damages and the scope and costs for a proposed soil remediation project, which was formally presented to the MOE in mid-2010. The agreement is contingent upon final acceptance of the remediation project by the MOE. As a result of entering into this agreement, Alcoa increased the reserve by $12 for Fusina. Additionally, due to new information derived from the site investigations conducted at Portovesme in 2009, Alcoa increased the reserve by $3 in 2009.

Other. In addition to the matters discussed above, various other lawsuits, claims, and proceedings have been or may be instituted or asserted against Alcoa, including those pertaining to environmental, product liability, and safety and health matters. While the amounts claimed in these other matters may be substantial, the ultimate liability cannot now be determined because of the considerable uncertainties that exist. Therefore, it is possible that the Company’s liquidity or results of operations in a particular period could be materially affected by one or more of these other matters. However, based on facts currently available, management believes that the disposition of these other matters that are pending or asserted will not have a material adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on the financial position of the Company.

Commitments

Investments. Alumínio, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Alcoa, is a participant in several hydroelectric power projects in Brazil for purposes of increasing its energy self-sufficiency and providing a long-term, low-cost source of power for its facilities. Two of these projects, Machadinho and Barra Grande, were completed in 2002 and 2006, respectively.

Alumínio committed to taking a share of the output of the Machadinho and Barra Grande projects each for 30 years at cost (including cost of financing the project). In the event that other participants in either one of these projects fail to fulfill their financial responsibilities, Alumínio may be required to fund a portion of the deficiency. In accordance with the respective agreements, if Alumínio funds any such deficiency, its participation and share of the output from the respective project will increase proportionately.

Alumínio accounts for the Machadinho and Barra Grande hydroelectric projects as equity method investments. Alumínio’s investment participation in these projects is 30.99% for Machadinho and 42.18% for Barra Grande. Its total investment in these projects was $266 (R$496) and $274 (R$461) at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Alcoa’s maximum exposure to loss on these completed projects is approximately $300 (R$570), which represents

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Alumínio’s investments in both projects and guarantee of debt for Machadinho only (the guarantee by the participants in the Barra Grande project was released by the lender effective December 29, 2010) as of December 31, 2011.

In early 2006, Alumínio acquired an additional 6.41% share in the Estreito hydroelectric power project, reaching 25.49% of total participation in the consortium. This additional share entitles Alumínio to 38 megawatts of assured energy. Alumínio’s share of the project is estimated to have installed capacity of approximately 280 megawatts and assured power of approximately 150 megawatts. In December 2006, the consortium obtained the environmental installation license, after completion of certain socioeconomic and cultural impact studies as required by a governmental agency. Construction began in early 2007 and is expected to be completed in 2012 (start-up of the facility began in April 2011 with full capacity expected to be reached in 2012). In early 2010, the consortium approved an increase of approximately $720 (R$1,300) in estimated costs to complete the Estreito project as a result of currency, inflation, and the price and scope of construction, among other factors. Total estimated project costs are approximately $2,600 (R$4,900) and Alumínio’s share is approximately $670 (R$1,250). As of December 31, 2011, approximately $630 (R$1,170) of Alumínio’s commitment was expended on the project.

Construction began on the Serra do Facão hydroelectric power project in early 2007 and was completed in the first half of 2011 (this facility is operating at full capacity). Alumínio’s share of the Serra do Facão project is 34.97% and entitles Alumínio to approximately 65 megawatts of assured power. Total estimated project costs are approximately $540 (R$1,000) and Alumínio’s share is approximately $190 (R$350). Through March 31, 2009, the participants in the consortium were required to provide capital for their respective share of the project costs. In April 2009, the consortium obtained long-term financing for the estimated remaining costs of construction. At that time, the participants in this project were no longer required to provide capital for their share of the project costs. Instead, the participants were each required to guarantee (expires 2027) a portion of the consortium’s debt. In mid-2010, the capacity under the long-term financing arrangement was exhausted; therefore, the participants were once again required to begin providing capital for their share of the remaining costs. As of December 31, 2011, approximately $180 (R$340) of Alumínio’s commitment was expended on the project (includes both funds provided by Alumínio and Alumínio’s share of the long-term financing). Alumínio accounts for the Serra do Facão hydroelectric power project as an equity method investment and its total investment in this project was $105 (R$196) and $116 (R$195) at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Alcoa’s maximum exposure to loss on this project is approximately $220 (R$400), which represents Alumínio’s investment and guarantee of debt as of December 31, 2011.

With Machadinho, Barra Grande, Serra do Facão, and part of Estreito, Alumínio’s current power self-sufficiency is 67% (will be approximately 70% once the Estreito hydroelectric power project described above is completed and operating at full capacity), to meet a total energy demand of approximately 690 megawatts from two smelters (São Luís (Alumar) and Poços de Caldas) and one refinery (Poços de Caldas) in Brazil.

In 2004, Alcoa acquired a 20% interest in a consortium, which subsequently purchased the Dampier to Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline (DBNGP) in Western Australia, in exchange for an initial cash investment of $17 (A$24). The investment in the DBNGP, which is classified as an equity investment, was made in order to secure a competitively priced long-term supply of natural gas to Alcoa’s refineries in Western Australia. Alcoa has made additional contributions of $141 (A$176), including $16 (A$16) and $9 (A$9) in 2011 and 2010, respectively, for its share of the pipeline capacity expansion and other operational purposes of the consortium. No further expansion of the pipeline’s capacity is planned at this time. In late 2011, the consortium initiated a three-year equity call plan to improve its capitalization structure. This plan requires Alcoa to contribute $40 (A$40), of which $5 (A$6) was made in 2011. In addition to its equity ownership, Alcoa has an agreement to purchase gas transmission services from the DBNGP. At December 31, 2011, Alcoa has an asset of $346 (A$342) representing prepayments made under the agreement for future gas transmission services. Alcoa’s maximum exposure to loss on the investment and the related contract is approximately $510 (A$510) as of December 31, 2011.

Purchase Obligations. Alcoa is party to unconditional purchase obligations for energy that expire between 2012 and 2041. Commitments related to these contracts total $286 in 2012, $300 in 2013, $309 in 2014, $309 in 2015, $308 in 2016, and $6,234 thereafter. Expenditures under these contracts totaled $227 in 2011, $129 in 2010, and $87 in 2009.

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Additionally, Alcoa has entered into other purchase commitments for energy, raw materials, and other goods and services, which total $3,723 in 2012, $2,198 in 2013, $2,095 in 2014, $1,830 in 2015, $1,823 in 2016, and $10,906 thereafter.

Operating Leases. Certain computer equipment, plant equipment, vehicles, and buildings and alumina refinery process control technology are under operating lease agreements. Total expense from continuing operations for all leases was $287 in 2011, $260 in 2010, and $249 in 2009. Under long-term operating leases, minimum annual rentals are $246 in 2012, $159 in 2013, $126 in 2014, $109 in 2015, $86 in 2016, and $564 thereafter.

Guarantees. At December 31, 2011, Alcoa has maximum potential future payments for guarantees issued on behalf of certain third parties of $779. These guarantees expire in 2015 through 2027 and relate to project financing for hydroelectric power projects in Brazil and the aluminum complex in Saudi Arabia (see Note 1). Alcoa also has outstanding bank guarantees related to legal, customs duties, and leasing obligations, among others. The total amount committed under these guarantees, which expire at various dates, was $436 at December 31, 2011.

Letters of Credit. Alcoa has outstanding letters of credit primarily related to workers’ compensation, derivative contracts, and leasing obligations. The total amount committed under these letters of credit, which expire at various dates, mostly in 2012, was $334 at December 31, 2011.

Surety Bonds. Alcoa has outstanding surety bonds primarily related to customs duties, self-insurance, and legal obligations. The total amount committed under these bonds, which automatically renew or expire at various dates, mostly in 2012, was $183 at December 31, 2011.

O. Other (Income) Expenses, Net

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Equity (income) loss |  | $ | (15 | ) |  | $ | (14 | ) |  | $ | 14 |
Interest income |  |  | (20 | ) |  |  | (19 | ) |  |  | (18 | )
Foreign currency losses (gains), net |  |  | 16 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | (82 | )
Net gain from asset sales |  |  | (41 | ) |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | (106 | )
Net (gain) loss on mark-to-market derivative contracts (X) |  |  | (52 | ) |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 62 |
Other, net |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (31 | )
|  | $ | (87 | ) |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | (161 | )

In 2011, Equity income included higher earnings from an investment in a natural gas pipeline in Australia due to the recognition of a discrete income tax benefit by the consortium (Alcoa World Alumina and Chemicals’ share of the benefit was $24). Also in 2011, Net gain from asset sales included a $43 gain related to the sale of land in Australia. In 2009, Net gain from asset sales included a $188 gain related to the Elkem/Sapa AB exchange transaction (see Note F), a $182 loss on the sale of an equity method investment, and a $92 gain related to the acquisition of a BHP subsidiary (see Note F).

P. Cash Flow Information

Cash paid for interest and income taxes was as follows:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Interest, net of amount capitalized |  | $ | 491 |  |  | $ | 452 |  |  | $ | 396 |
Income taxes, net of amount refunded |  |  | 382 |  |  |  | (67 | ) |  |  | 168 |

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The details related to cash paid for acquisitions were as follows:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Assets acquired |  | $ | 253 |  |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | 389 |
Liabilities assumed |  |  | (12 | ) |  |  | (15 | ) |  |  | (294 | )
Noncontrolling interests acquired |  |  | - |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | - |
Redemption of convertible securities of subsidiary |  |  | - |  |  |  | 40 |  |  |  | - |
Reduction in Alcoa shareholders’ equity |  |  | - |  |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | - |
Gain recognized |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (92 | )
Cash paid |  |  | 241 |  |  |  | 138 |  |  |  | 3 |
Less: cash acquired |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 115 |
Net cash paid (received) |  | $ | 240 |  |  | $ | 138 |  |  | $ | (112 | )

In 2011 and 2010, Alcoa issued $600 in common stock to satisfy a portion of its accrued pension benefits liability (see Notes R and W).

Q. Segment and Geographic Area Information

Alcoa is primarily a producer of aluminum products. Aluminum and alumina represent more than 80% of Alcoa’s revenues. Nonaluminum products include precision castings and aerospace and industrial fasteners. Alcoa’s segments are organized by product on a worldwide basis. Segment performance under Alcoa’s management reporting system is evaluated based on a number of factors; however, the primary measure of performance is the after-tax operating income (ATOI) of each segment. Certain items such as the impact of LIFO inventory accounting; interest expense; noncontrolling interests; corporate expense (general administrative and selling expenses of operating the corporate headquarters and other global administrative facilities, along with depreciation and amortization on corporate-owned assets); restructuring and other charges; discontinued operations; and other items, including intersegment profit eliminations and other metal adjustments, differences between tax rates applicable to the segments and the consolidated effective tax rate, the results of the soft alloy extrusions business in Brazil, and other nonoperating items such as foreign currency transaction gains/losses and interest income are excluded from segment ATOI. Segment assets exclude, among others, cash and cash equivalents; deferred income taxes; goodwill not allocated to businesses for segment reporting purposes; corporate fixed assets; LIFO reserves; and other items, including the assets of the soft alloy extrusions business in Brazil and assets classified as held for sale related to discontinued operations.

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (see Note A). Transactions among segments are established based on negotiation among the parties. Differences between segment totals and Alcoa’s consolidated totals for line items not reconciled are in Corporate.

Alcoa’s products are used worldwide in transportation (including aerospace, automotive, truck, trailer, rail, and shipping), packaging, building and construction, oil and gas, defense, and industrial applications. Total export sales from the U.S. included in continuing operations were $1,988 in 2011, $1,543 in 2010, and $1,530 in 2009.

Alcoa’s operations consist of four worldwide reportable segments as follows:

Alumina. This segment represents a portion of Alcoa’s upstream operations and consists of the Company’s worldwide refinery system, including the mining of bauxite, which is then refined into alumina. Alumina is mainly sold directly to internal and external smelter customers worldwide or is sold to customers who process it into industrial chemical products. A portion of this segment’s third-party sales are completed through the use of agents, alumina traders, and distributors. Slightly more than half of Alcoa’s alumina production is sold under supply contracts to third parties worldwide, while the remainder is used internally by the Primary Metals segment.

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Primary Metals. This segment represents a portion of Alcoa’s upstream operations and consists of the Company’s worldwide smelter system. Primary Metals receives alumina, mostly from the Alumina segment, and produces primary aluminum used by Alcoa’s fabricating businesses, as well as sold to external customers, aluminum traders, and commodity markets. Results from the sale of aluminum powder, scrap, and excess power are also included in this segment, as well as the results of aluminum derivative contracts and buy/resell activity. Primary aluminum produced by Alcoa and used internally is transferred to other segments at prevailing market prices. The sale of primary aluminum represents more than 90% of this segment’s third-party sales. Buy/resell activity refers to when this segment purchases metal from external or internal sources and resells such metal to external customers or the midstream and downstream segments in order to maximize smelting system efficiency and to meet customer requirements.

Flat-Rolled Products. This segment represents Alcoa’s midstream operations, whose principal business is the production and sale of aluminum plate and sheet. A small portion of this segment’s operations relate to foil produced from one plant in Brazil. This segment includes rigid container sheet (RCS), which is sold directly to customers in the packaging and consumer market and is used to produce aluminum beverage cans. Seasonal increases in RCS sales are generally experienced in the second and third quarters of the year. This segment also includes sheet and plate used in the aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation, and building and construction markets (mainly used in the production of machinery and equipment and consumer durables), which is sold directly to customers and through distributors. Approximately one-half of the third-party sales in this segment consist of RCS, while the other one-half of third-party sales are derived from sheet and plate and foil used in industrial markets. While the customer base for flat-rolled products is large, a significant amount of sales of RCS, sheet, and plate is to a relatively small number of customers.

Engineered Products and Solutions. This segment represents Alcoa’s downstream operations and includes titanium, aluminum, and super alloy investment castings; forgings and fasteners; aluminum wheels; integrated aluminum structural systems; and architectural extrusions used in the aerospace, automotive, building and construction, commercial transportation, and power generation markets. These products are sold directly to customers and through distributors. Additionally, hard alloy extrusions products, which are also sold directly to customers and through distributors, serve the aerospace, automotive, commercial transportation, and industrial products markets.

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The operating results and assets of Alcoa’s reportable segments were as follows:

|  | Alumina |  |  | Primary Metals |  |  | Flat- Rolled Products |  |  | Engineered Products and Solutions |  |  | Total |
2011 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Third-party sales |  | $ | 3,462 |  |  | $ | 8,240 |  |  | $ | 7,642 |  |  | $ | 5,345 |  |  | $ | 24,689 |
Intersegment sales |  |  | 2,727 |  |  |  | 3,192 |  |  |  | 218 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 6,137 |
Total sales |  | $ | 6,189 |  |  | $ | 11,432 |  |  | $ | 7,860 |  |  | $ | 5,345 |  |  | $ | 30,826 |
Profit and loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity income (loss) |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | (7 | ) |  | $ | (3 | ) |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 16 |
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization |  |  | 444 |  |  |  | 556 |  |  |  | 237 |  |  |  | 158 |  |  |  | 1,395 |
Income taxes |  |  | 179 |  |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | 104 |  |  |  | 260 |  |  |  | 635 |
ATOI |  |  | 607 |  |  |  | 481 |  |  |  | 266 |  |  |  | 539 |  |  |  | 1,893 |
2010 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Third-party sales |  | $ | 2,815 |  |  | $ | 7,070 |  |  | $ | 6,277 |  |  | $ | 4,584 |  |  | $ | 20,746 |
Intersegment sales |  |  | 2,212 |  |  |  | 2,597 |  |  |  | 180 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 4,989 |
Total sales |  | $ | 5,027 |  |  | $ | 9,667 |  |  | $ | 6,457 |  |  | $ | 4,584 |  |  | $ | 25,735 |
Profit and loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity income |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 13 |
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization |  |  | 406 |  |  |  | 571 |  |  |  | 238 |  |  |  | 154 |  |  |  | 1,369 |
Income taxes |  |  | 60 |  |  |  | 96 |  |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | 195 |  |  |  | 443 |
ATOI |  |  | 301 |  |  |  | 488 |  |  |  | 220 |  |  |  | 415 |  |  |  | 1,424 |
2009 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Third-party sales |  | $ | 2,161 |  |  | $ | 5,252 |  |  | $ | 6,069 |  |  | $ | 4,689 |  |  | $ | 18,171 |
Intersegment sales |  |  | 1,534 |  |  |  | 1,836 |  |  |  | 113 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 3,483 |
Total sales |  | $ | 3,695 |  |  | $ | 7,088 |  |  | $ | 6,182 |  |  | $ | 4,689 |  |  | $ | 21,654 |
Profit and loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity income (loss) |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | (26 | ) |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | (16 | )
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization |  |  | 292 |  |  |  | 560 |  |  |  | 227 |  |  |  | 177 |  |  |  | 1,256 |
Income taxes |  |  | (22 | ) |  |  | (365 | ) |  |  | 48 |  |  |  | 139 |  |  |  | (200 | )
ATOI |  |  | 112 |  |  |  | (612 | ) |  |  | (49 | ) |  |  | 315 |  |  |  | (234 | )
2011 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  | $ | 371 |  |  | $ | 463 |  |  | $ | 157 |  |  | $ | 173 |  |  | $ | 1,164 |
Equity investments |  |  | 450 |  |  |  | 925 |  |  |  | 123 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,498 |
Goodwill |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | 991 |  |  |  | 208 |  |  |  | 2,666 |  |  |  | 3,876 |
Total assets |  |  | 9,782 |  |  |  | 11,867 |  |  |  | 4,559 |  |  |  | 5,831 |  |  |  | 32,039 |
2010 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  | $ | 295 |  |  | $ | 380 |  |  | $ | 104 |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | $ | 904 |
Equity investments |  |  | 413 |  |  |  | 741 |  |  |  | 60 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,214 |
Goodwill |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 993 |  |  |  | 207 |  |  |  | 2,523 |  |  |  | 3,735 |
Total assets |  |  | 9,967 |  |  |  | 11,947 |  |  |  | 4,522 |  |  |  | 5,434 |  |  |  | 31,870 |

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The following tables reconcile certain segment information to consolidated totals:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total segment sales |  | $ | 30,826 |  |  | $ | 25,735 |  |  | $ | 21,654 |
Elimination of intersegment sales |  |  | (6,137 | ) |  |  | (4,989 | ) |  |  | (3,483 | )
Corporate* |  |  | 262 |  |  |  | 267 |  |  |  | 268 |
Consolidated sales |  | $ | 24,951 |  |  | $ | 21,013 |  |  | $ | 18,439 |

* | For all periods presented, the Corporate amount includes third-party sales of three soft alloy extrusion facilities located in Brazil.

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Net income (loss) attributable to Alcoa: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total segment ATOI |  | $ | 1,893 |  |  | $ | 1,424 |  |  | $ | (234 | )
Unallocated amounts (net of tax): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Impact of LIFO |  |  | (38 | ) |  |  | (16 | ) |  |  | 235 |
Interest expense |  |  | (340 | ) |  |  | (321 | ) |  |  | (306 | )
Noncontrolling interests |  |  | (194 | ) |  |  | (138 | ) |  |  | (61 | )
Corporate expense |  |  | (290 | ) |  |  | (291 | ) |  |  | (304 | )
Restructuring and other charges |  |  | (196 | ) |  |  | (134 | ) |  |  | (155 | )
Discontinued operations |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | (166 | )
Other |  |  | (221 | ) |  |  | (262 | ) |  |  | (160 | )
Consolidated net income (loss) attributable to Alcoa |  | $ | 611 |  |  | $ | 254 |  |  | $ | (1,151 | )

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total segment assets |  | $ | 32,039 |  |  | $ | 31,870 |
Elimination of intersegment receivables |  |  | (483 | ) |  |  | (471 | )
Unallocated amounts: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 1,939 |  |  |  | 1,543 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 3,738 |  |  |  | 3,400 |
Corporate goodwill |  |  | 1,375 |  |  |  | 1,387 |
Corporate fixed assets, net |  |  | 943 |  |  |  | 930 |
LIFO reserve |  |  | (801 | ) |  |  | (742 | )
Other |  |  | 1,370 |  |  |  | 1,376 |
Consolidated assets |  | $ | 40,120 |  |  | $ | 39,293 |

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Geographic information for sales was as follows (based upon the country where the point of sale occurred):

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S.* |  | $ | 12,295 |  |  | $ | 10,560 |  |  | $ | 9,546 |
Australia |  |  | 3,587 |  |  |  | 2,842 |  |  |  | 2,287 |
Spain |  |  | 1,487 |  |  |  | 1,234 |  |  |  | 1,099 |
Brazil |  |  | 1,371 |  |  |  | 1,182 |  |  |  | 897 |
Netherlands** |  |  | 1,025 |  |  |  | 940 |  |  |  | 1,002 |
Norway |  |  | 927 |  |  |  | 809 |  |  |  | 477 |
France |  |  | 825 |  |  |  | 662 |  |  |  | 669 |
Russia |  |  | 761 |  |  |  | 584 |  |  |  | 383 |
Hungary |  |  | 665 |  |  |  | 505 |  |  |  | 419 |
Italy |  |  | 537 |  |  |  | 418 |  |  |  | 394 |
United Kingdom |  |  | 412 |  |  |  | 331 |  |  |  | 379 |
China |  |  | 283 |  |  |  | 188 |  |  |  | 156 |
Germany |  |  | 229 |  |  |  | 231 |  |  |  | 260 |
Other |  |  | 547 |  |  |  | 527 |  |  |  | 471 |
|  | $ | 24,951 |  |  | $ | 21,013 |  |  | $ | 18,439 |

* | Sales that occurred in the U.S. include a portion of alumina from Alcoa’s refineries in Suriname, Brazil, Australia, and Jamaica and aluminum from the Company’s smelters in Canada.

** | Sales that occurred in the Netherlands include aluminum from Alcoa’s smelter in Iceland.

Geographic information for long-lived assets was as follows (based upon the physical location of the assets):

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Long-lived assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Brazil |  | $ | 4,844 |  |  | $ | 5,470 |
U.S. |  |  | 4,573 |  |  |  | 4,528 |
Australia |  |  | 3,390 |  |  |  | 3,380 |
Iceland |  |  | 1,615 |  |  |  | 1,633 |
Canada |  |  | 1,447 |  |  |  | 1,440 |
Norway |  |  | 894 |  |  |  | 981 |
Russia |  |  | 531 |  |  |  | 554 |
Spain |  |  | 451 |  |  |  | 483 |
China |  |  | 424 |  |  |  | 410 |
Jamaica |  |  | 417 |  |  |  | 435 |
Other |  |  | 830 |  |  |  | 869 |
|  | $ | 19,416 |  |  | $ | 20,183 |

R. Preferred and Common Stock

Preferred Stock. Alcoa has two classes of preferred stock: Class A Preferred Stock and Class B Serial Preferred Stock. Class A Preferred Stock has 660,000 shares authorized at a par value of $100 per share with an annual $3.75 cumulative dividend preference per share. There were 546,024 of such shares outstanding at December 31, 2011 and 2010. Class B Serial Preferred Stock has 10 million shares authorized (none issued) and a par value of $1 per share.

Common Stock. There are 1.8 billion shares authorized at a par value of $1 per share, and 1,177,906,557 and 1,141,387,994 shares were issued at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The current dividend yield as authorized by Alcoa’s Board of Directors is $0.12 per annum or $0.03 per quarter.

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In January 2011, Alcoa contributed 36,518,563 newly issued shares of its common stock to a master trust that holds the assets of certain U.S. defined benefit pension plans in a private placement transaction. These shares were valued at $16.43 per share (the closing price of Alcoa’s common stock on January 24, 2011), or $600 in the aggregate, and were issued to satisfy the estimated minimum required funding and to provide additional funding towards maintaining an approximately 80% funded status of Alcoa’s U.S. pension plans. On January 25, 2011, the 36,518,563 shares were registered under Alcoa’s then-current shelf registration statement dated March 10, 2008 (replaced by shelf registration statement dated February 18, 2011) for resale by the master trust, as selling stockholder.

In January 2010, Alcoa contributed 44,313,146 newly issued shares of its common stock to a master trust that holds the assets of certain U.S. defined benefit pension plans in a private placement transaction. These shares were valued at $13.54 per share (the closing price of Alcoa’s common stock on January 26, 2010), or $600 in the aggregate, and were issued to satisfy a portion of Alcoa’s future funding obligations to these plans, including a portion of the estimated minimum required funding for 2011. On January 27, 2010, the 44,313,146 shares were registered under Alcoa’s then-current shelf registration statement dated March 10, 2008 for resale by the master trust, as selling stockholder.

As of December 31, 2011, 110 million and 93 million shares of common stock were reserved for issuance upon conversion of convertible notes and under Alcoa’s stock-based compensation plans, respectively. Alcoa issues shares from treasury stock to satisfy the exercise of stock options and the conversion of stock awards.

Alcoa had a share repurchase program (expired on December 31, 2010) that authorized the purchase of up to 25% (or approximately 217 million shares) of its outstanding common stock at December 31, 2006, in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions, directly or through brokers or agents. During the term of this program (began in October 2007), Alcoa repurchased 101 million shares (share repurchases were suspended in October 2008 to preserve liquidity in light of the then global economic downturn).

Share Activity (number of shares)

|  | Common stock |
|  | Treasury |  |  | Outstanding |
Balance at end of 2008 |  |  | 124,257,170 |  |  |  | 800,317,368 |
Public offering |  |  | - |  |  |  | 172,500,000 |
Issued for stock-based compensation plans |  |  | (1,561,452 | ) |  |  | 1,561,452 |
Balance at end of 2009 |  |  | 122,695,718 |  |  |  | 974,378,820 |
Private placement |  |  | - |  |  |  | 44,313,146 |
Conversion of convertible notes |  |  | - |  |  |  | 310 |
Issued for stock-based compensation plans |  |  | (3,333,689 | ) |  |  | 3,333,689 |
Balance at end of 2010 |  |  | 119,362,029 |  |  |  | 1,022,025,965 |
Private placement |  |  | - |  |  |  | 36,518,563 |
Issued for stock-based compensation plans |  |  | (5,867,538 | ) |  |  | 5,867,538 |
Balance at end of 2011 |  |  | 113,494,491 |  |  |  | 1,064,412,066 |

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Stock-based Compensation

Stock options under Alcoa’s stock-based compensation plans are granted in January each year at not less than market prices on the dates of grant. Prior to 2011, performance stock options were also granted to certain individuals. For performance stock options granted in 2010, the final number of options earned was based on Alcoa’s adjusted free cash flow and profitability against pre-established targets. For performance stock options granted in 2009, the final number of options earned was based on Alcoa’s adjusted free cash flow against a pre-established target. Stock option features based on date of original grant were as follows:

Date of original grant |  | Vesting |  | Term |  |  | Reload feature |
2002 and prior |  | One year |  |  | 10 years |  |  |  | One reload over option term |
2003 |  | 3 years (1/3 each year) |  |  | 10 years |  |  |  | One reload in 2004 for 1/3 vesting in 2004 |
2004 - 2009 |  | 3 years (1/3 each year) |  |  | 6 years |  |  |  | None |
2010 and forward |  | 3 years (1/3 each year) |  |  | 10 years |  |  |  | None |

In addition to the stock options described above, Alcoa grants stock awards that vest three years from the date of grant. In 2010 and 2009, certain of these stock awards were granted with the same performance conditions described above for performance stock options. In 2011, the final number of performance stock awards earned will be based on the achievement of sales and profitability targets over a three-year period (2011-2013). One-third of the award will be earned each year based on the performance against pre-established targets for that year. The performance stock awards earned over the three-year period vest in 2014.

Most plan participants can choose whether to receive their award in the form of stock options, stock awards, or a combination of both. This choice is made before the grant is issued and is irrevocable.

The following table summarizes the total compensation expense recognized for all stock options and stock awards (there was no stock-based compensation expense capitalized in 2011, 2010, or 2009):

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Compensation expense recognized: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock option grants |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 53 |
Stock award grants |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | 40 |  |  |  | 34 |
Total compensation expense before income taxes |  |  | 83 |  |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | 87 |
Benefit for income taxes |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 29 |
Total compensation expense, net of income taxes |  | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 58 |

As part of Alcoa’s stock-based compensation plan design, individuals who are retirement-eligible have a six-month requisite service period in the year of grant. As a result, a larger portion of expense will be recognized in the first half of each year for these retirement-eligible employees. Of the total compensation expense before income taxes included in the table above, $18, $19, and $21 in 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, pertains to the acceleration of expense related to retirement-eligible employees.

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The fair value of new options is estimated on the date of grant using a lattice-pricing model with the following assumptions:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Weighted average fair value per option |  | $ | 4.96 |  |  | $ | 4.67 |  |  | $ | 3.34 |
Average risk-free interest rate |  |  | 0.19-3.44 | % |  |  | 0.14-3.62 | % |  |  | 0.3-2.65 | %
Dividend yield |  |  | 0.9 | % |  |  | 1.1 | % |  |  | 1.2 | %
Volatility |  |  | 36-43 | % |  |  | 47-51 | % |  |  | 38-76 | %
Annual forfeiture rate |  |  | 5 | % |  |  | 4 | % |  |  | 3 | %
Exercise behavior |  |  | 45 | % |  |  | 35 | % |  |  | 43 | %
Life (years) |  |  | 5.8 |  |  |  | 5.6 |  |  |  | 4.2 |

The range of average risk-free interest rates is based on a yield curve of interest rates at the time of the grant based on the contractual life of the option. Prior to 2009, the dividend yield was based on a five-year average. For 2009, the dividend yield was based on a three-month average as a result of the significant decline in Alcoa’s stock price in 2008, due to the then-global economic downturn, and the reduction in Alcoa’s quarterly common stock dividend from $0.17 per share to $0.03 per share. In 2010, the dividend yield was extended to a one-year average due to the stabilization of the global economy. In 2011, Alcoa continued to use a one-year average for the dividend yield. Volatility is based on historical and implied volatilities over the term of the option. Alcoa utilizes historical option forfeiture data to estimate annual pre- and post-vesting forfeitures. The exercise behavior assumption represents a weighted average exercise ratio (exercise patterns for grants issued over the number of years in the contractual option term) of an option’s intrinsic value resulting from historical employee exercise behavior. The life of an option is an output of the lattice-pricing model based upon the other assumptions used in the determination of the fair value.

The activity for stock options was as follows (options in millions):

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Outstanding, beginning of year: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of options |  |  | 56.1 |  |  |  | 65.5 |  |  |  | 46.2 |
Weighted average exercise price |  | $ | 19.29 |  |  | $ | 24.44 |  |  | $ | 35.61 |
Granted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of options |  |  | 4.5 |  |  |  | 9.0 |  |  |  | 27.1 |
Weighted average exercise price |  | $ | 16.24 |  |  | $ | 13.52 |  |  | $ | 8.34 |
Exercised: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of options |  |  | (4.3 | ) |  |  | (1.6 | ) |  |  | - |
Weighted average exercise price |  | $ | 8.59 |  |  | $ | 8.34 |  |  | $ | - |
Expired or forfeited: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of options |  |  | (9.5 | ) |  |  | (16.8 | ) |  |  | (7.8 | )
Weighted average exercise price |  | $ | 31.90 |  |  | $ | 37.21 |  |  | $ | 34.60 |
Outstanding, end of year: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of options |  |  | 46.8 |  |  |  | 56.1 |  |  |  | 65.5 |
Weighted average exercise price |  | $ | 17.41 |  |  | $ | 19.29 |  |  | $ | 24.44 |
Exercisable, end of year: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of options |  |  | 28.8 |  |  |  | 30.2 |  |  |  | 37.7 |
Weighted average exercise price |  | $ | 20.90 |  |  | $ | 26.91 |  |  | $ | 35.51 |

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2011 and 2010 was $34 and $8, respectively. In 2011 and 2010, the cash received from option exercises was $37 and $13 and the total tax benefit realized from these exercises was $11 and $2, respectively. There were no options exercised in 2009.

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The following tables summarize certain stock option information at December 31, 2011 (number of options and intrinsic value in millions):

Options Fully Vested and/or Expected to Vest*

Range of exercise price |  | Number |  |  | Weighted average remaining contractual life |  |  | Weighted average exercise price |  |  | Intrinsic Value |
$6.12 - $19.93 |  |  | 32.2 |  |  |  | 5.10 |  |  | $ | 10.72 |  |  | $ | 7 |
$19.94 - $27.71 |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 1.03 |  |  |  | 22.56 |  |  |  | - |
$27.72 - $35.49 |  |  | 4.1 |  |  |  | 0.94 |  |  |  | 29.47 |  |  |  | - |
$35.50 - $47.35 |  |  | 7.7 |  |  |  | 0.12 |  |  |  | 37.28 |  |  |  | - |
Total |  |  | 46.8 |  |  |  | 3.67 |  |  |  | 17.41 |  |  | $ | 7 |

* | Expected forfeitures are immaterial to the Company and are not reflected in the table above.

Options Fully Vested and Exercisable

Range of exercise price |  | Number |  |  | Weighted average remaining contractual life |  |  | Weighted average exercise price |  |  | Intrinsic Value |
$6.12 - $19.93 |  |  | 14.2 |  |  |  | 3.94 |  |  | $ | 9.32 |  |  | $ | 4 |
$19.94 - $27.71 |  |  | 2.8 |  |  |  | 1.03 |  |  |  | 22.56 |  |  |  | - |
$27.72 - $35.49 |  |  | 4.1 |  |  |  | 0.94 |  |  |  | 29.47 |  |  |  | - |
$35.50 - $47.35 |  |  | 7.7 |  |  |  | 0.12 |  |  |  | 37.28 |  |  |  | - |
Total |  |  | 28.8 |  |  |  | 2.21 |  |  |  | 20.90 |  |  | $ | 4 |

In addition to stock option awards, the Company grants stock awards and performance share awards, both of which vest three years from the date of grant. Performance share awards are issued at target and the final award amount is determined at the end of the performance period.

The following table summarizes the outstanding stock and performance share awards (awards in millions):

|  | Stock Awards |  |  | Performance Share Awards |  |  | Total |  |  | Weighted average FMV per award |
Outstanding, January 1, 2011 |  |  | 6.2 |  |  |  | 1.5 |  |  |  | 7.7 |  |  | $ | 16.80 |
Granted |  |  | 2.7 |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 4.0 |  |  |  | 16.15 |
Converted |  |  | (2.3 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2.3 | ) |  |  | 28.78 |
Forfeited |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | 13.54 |
Performance share adjustment |  |  | - |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 14.59 |
Outstanding, December 31, 2011 |  |  | 6.4 |  |  |  | 2.9 |  |  |  | 9.3 |  |  |  | 13.63 |

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At December 31, 2011, there was $21 and $44 of unrecognized compensation expense (pretax) related to non-vested stock option grants and non-vested stock award grants, respectively. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.6 years. As of December 31, 2011, the following table summarizes the unrecognized compensation expense expected to be recognized in future periods:

|  | Stock-based compensation expense (pretax) |
2012 |  | $ | 41 |
2013 |  |  | 22 |
2014 |  |  | 2 |
Totals |  | $ | 65 |

S. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (EPS) amounts are computed by dividing earnings, after the deduction of preferred stock dividends declared and dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities, by the average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS amounts assume the issuance of common stock for all potentially dilutive share equivalents outstanding not classified as participating securities.

As disclosed in Note A, on January 1, 2009, Alcoa adopted changes issued by the FASB to the calculation of earnings per share. These changes state that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method for all periods presented. Prior to January 1, 2010, under Alcoa’s stock-based compensation programs, certain employees were granted stock and performance awards, which entitle those employees to receive nonforfeitable dividends during the vesting period on a basis equivalent to the dividends paid to holders of Alcoa’s common stock. As such, these unvested stock and performance awards met the definition of a participating security. Under the two-class method, all earnings, whether distributed or undistributed, are allocated to each class of common stock and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends. Prior to the adoption of these changes, stock and performance awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents were considered potential shares of common stock and were included only in the diluted EPS calculation under the treasury stock method as long as their effect was not anti-dilutive. At December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009 there were 2 million, 4 million, and 7 million such participating securities outstanding, respectively. None of the loss from continuing operations in 2009 was allocated to these participating securities because these awards do not share in any loss generated by Alcoa.

Effective January 1, 2010, new grants of stock and performance awards do not contain a nonforfeitable right to dividends during the vesting period. As a result, an employee will forfeit the right to dividends accrued on unvested awards if that person does not fulfill their service requirement during the vesting period. As such, these awards are not treated as participating securities in the EPS calculation as the employees do not have equivalent dividend rights as common shareholders. These awards are included in the EPS calculation utilizing the treasury stock method similar to stock options. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, there were 8 million and 4 million such awards outstanding, respectively.

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The information used to compute basic and diluted EPS attributable to Alcoa common shareholders was as follows (shares in millions):

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to Alcoa common shareholders |  | $ | 614 |  |  | $ | 262 |  |  | $ | (985 | )
Less: preferred stock dividends declared |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 2 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations available to common equity |  |  | 612 |  |  |  | 260 |  |  |  | (987 | )
Less: dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | - |
Income (loss) from continuing operations available to Alcoa common shareholders—basic |  |  | 611 |  |  |  | 259 |  |  |  | (987 | )
Add: interest expense related to convertible notes |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Income (loss) from continuing operations available to Alcoa common shareholders—diluted |  | $ | 641 |  |  | $ | 259 |  |  | $ | (987 | )
Average shares outstanding—basic |  |  | 1,061 |  |  |  | 1,018 |  |  |  | 935 |
Effect of dilutive securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock options |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | - |
Stock and performance awards |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | - |
Convertible notes |  |  | 89 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Average shares outstanding—diluted |  |  | 1,161 |  |  |  | 1,025 |  |  |  | 935 |

In 2010, 89 million share equivalents related to convertible notes were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because their effect was anti-dilutive. In 2009, basic average shares outstanding and diluted average shares outstanding were the same because the effect of potential shares of common stock was anti-dilutive since Alcoa generated a loss from continuing operations. As a result, 89 million share equivalents related to convertible notes and 26 million stock options were not included in the computation of diluted EPS. Had Alcoa generated sufficient income from continuing operations in 2009, 69 million and 2 million potential shares of common stock related to the convertible notes and stock options, respectively, would have been included in diluted average shares outstanding.

Options to purchase 27 million, 23 million, and 39 million shares of common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $24.00, $32.73, and $35.33 per share were outstanding as of December 31, 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because they were anti-dilutive, as the exercise prices of the options were greater than the average market price of Alcoa’s common stock.

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T. Income Taxes

The components of income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes were as follows:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
U.S. |  | $ | (98 | ) |  | $ | (403 | ) |  | $ | (512 | )
Foreign |  |  | 1,161 |  |  |  | 951 |  |  |  | (986 | )
|  | $ | 1,063 |  |  | $ | 548 |  |  | $ | (1,498 | )

The provision (benefit) for income taxes on income (loss) from continuing operations consisted of the following:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Current: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal* |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 33 |  |  | $ | (119 | )
Foreign |  |  | 427 |  |  |  | 409 |  |  |  | 142 |
State and local |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (1 | )
|  |  | 436 |  |  |  | 435 |  |  |  | 22 |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal* |  |  | 28 |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | (89 | )
Foreign |  |  | (211 | ) |  |  | (320 | ) |  |  | (510 | )
State and local |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | (4 | ) |  |  | 3 |
|  |  | (181 | ) |  |  | (287 | ) |  |  | (596 | )
Total |  | $ | 255 |  |  | $ | 148 |  |  | $ | (574 | )

* | Includes U.S. taxes related to foreign income

Included in discontinued operations is a tax benefit of $1 in 2011, $3 in 2010, and $55 in 2009.

The exercise of employee stock options generated a tax benefit of $6 in 2011 and $2 in 2010, representing only the amount realized for the difference between compensation expense recognized for financial reporting and tax purposes. These amounts increased equity and reduced current taxes payable in their respective periods. There were no exercises of employee stock options in 2009.

Alcoa also has unamortized tax-deductible goodwill of $179 resulting from intercompany stock sales and reorganizations (generally at a 30% to 34% rate). Alcoa recognizes the tax benefits associated with this tax-deductible goodwill as it is being amortized for local income tax purposes rather than in the period in which the transaction is consummated.

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A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory rate to Alcoa’s effective tax rate for continuing operations was as follows (the effective tax rate for both 2011 and 2010 was a provision on income and for 2009 was a benefit on a loss):

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
U.S. federal statutory rate |  |  | 35.0 | % |  |  | 35.0 | % |  |  | 35.0 | %
Taxes on foreign operations |  |  | (8.4 | ) |  |  | (3.5 | ) |  |  | (4.8 | )
Permanent differences on restructuring charges and asset disposals |  |  | - |  |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 1.1 |
Audit and other adjustments to prior years’ accruals |  |  | (1.1 | ) |  |  | 1.2 |  |  |  | (0.7 | )
Noncontrolling interests |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | 2.6 |  |  |  | - |
Statutory tax rate and law changes |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |  | (5.1 | ) |  |  | 4.2 |
Reorganization of equity investment |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 4.7 |
Items related to smelter operations in Italy* |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (9.3 | )
Tax law change related to Medicare Part D |  |  | - |  |  |  | 14.4 |  |  |  | - |
Release of valuation allowances |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  |  | (10.6 | ) |  |  | 2.3 |
Amortization of goodwill |  |  | (2.8 | ) |  |  | (5.2 | ) |  |  | 3.5 |
Other |  |  | - |  |  |  | (2.6 | ) |  |  | 2.3 |
Effective tax rate |  |  | 24.0 | % |  |  | 26.9 | % |  |  | 38.3 | %

* | Includes items not tax benefitted as follows: a $250 charge related to a 2009 decision by the European Commission on electricity pricing (see Note N), a $15 charge for environmental remediation, and a $15 restructuring charge for layoffs. Also includes a $41 valuation allowance placed on existing deferred tax assets.

On March 23, 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (the “PPACA”) was signed into law, and, on March 30, 2010, the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (the “HCERA” and, together with PPACA, the “Acts”), which makes various amendments to certain aspects of the PPACA, was signed into law. The Acts effectively change the tax treatment of federal subsidies paid to sponsors of retiree health benefit plans that provide prescription drug benefits that are at least actuarially equivalent to the corresponding benefits provided under Medicare Part D.

Alcoa pays a portion of the prescription drug cost for eligible retirees under certain postretirement benefit plans. These benefits were determined to be actuarially equivalent to the Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (the “MPDIMA”). Alcoa has been receiving the federal subsidy since the 2006 tax year related to the aforementioned postretirement benefit plans. Under the MPDIMA, the federal subsidy did not reduce an employer’s income tax deduction for the costs of providing such prescription drug plans nor was it subject to income tax individually.

Under the Acts, beginning in 2013, an employer’s income tax deduction for the costs of providing Medicare Part D-equivalent prescription drug benefits to retirees will be reduced by the amount of the federal subsidy. Under GAAP, any impact from a change in tax law must be recognized in earnings in the period enacted regardless of the effective date. As a result, Alcoa recognized a noncash charge of $79 in 2010 for the elimination of a related deferred tax asset to reflect the change in the tax treatment of the federal subsidy.

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The components of net deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
December 31, |  | Deferred tax assets |  |  | Deferred tax liabilities |  |  | Deferred tax assets |  |  | Deferred tax liabilities |
Depreciation |  | $ | 74 |  |  | $ | 933 |  |  | $ | 204 |  |  | $ | 1,330 |
Employee benefits |  |  | 2,668 |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | 2,383 |  |  |  | 45 |
Loss provisions |  |  | 325 |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 391 |  |  |  | 40 |
Deferred income/expense |  |  | 45 |  |  |  | 181 |  |  |  | 104 |  |  |  | 159 |
Tax loss carryforwards |  |  | 2,035 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1,953 |  |  |  | - |
Tax credit carryforwards |  |  | 477 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 503 |  |  |  | - |
Derivatives and hedging activities |  |  | 109 |  |  |  | 43 |  |  |  | 162 |  |  |  | 12 |
Other |  |  | 315 |  |  |  | 288 |  |  |  | 633 |  |  |  | 547 |
|  |  | 6,048 |  |  |  | 1,505 |  |  |  | 6,333 |  |  |  | 2,133 |
Valuation allowance |  |  | (1,398 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1,268 | ) |  |  | - |
|  | $ | 4,650 |  |  | $ | 1,505 |  |  | $ | 5,065 |  |  | $ | 2,133 |

The following table details the expiration periods of the deferred tax assets presented above:

December 31, 2011 |  | Expires within 10 years |  |  | Expires within 11-20 years |  |  | No expiration* |  |  | Other* |  |  | Total |
Tax loss carryforwards |  | $ | 340 |  |  | $ | 815 |  |  | $ | 880 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 2,035 |
Tax credit carryforwards |  |  | 360 |  |  |  | 58 |  |  |  | 59 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 477 |
Other |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 507 |  |  |  | 3,029 |  |  |  | 3,536 |
Valuation allowance |  |  | (231 | ) |  |  | (643 | ) |  |  | (213 | ) |  |  | (311 | ) |  |  | (1,398 | )
|  | $ | 469 |  |  | $ | 230 |  |  | $ | 1,233 |  |  | $ | 2,718 |  |  | $ | 4,650 |

* | Deferred tax assets with no expiration may still have annual limitations on utilization. Other represents deferred tax assets whose expiration is dependent upon the reversal of the underlying temporary difference. A substantial amount of Other relates to employee benefits that will become deductible for tax purposes over an extended period of time as contributions are made to employee benefit plans and payments are made to retirees.

The total deferred tax asset (net of valuation allowance) is supported by taxable temporary differences that reverse within the carryforward period (approximately 25%), tax planning strategies (approximately 5%), and projections of future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences (approximately 70%).

Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, management considers all potential sources of taxable income, including income available in carryback periods, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, projections of taxable income, and income from tax planning strategies, as well as all available positive and negative evidence. Positive evidence includes factors such as a history of profitable operations, projections of future profitability within the carryforward period, including from tax planning strategies, and the Company’s experience with similar operations. Existing favorable contracts and the ability to sell product into established markets are additional positive evidence. Negative evidence includes items such as cumulative losses, projections of future losses, or carryforward periods that are not long enough to allow the utilization of the deferred tax asset based on existing projections of income. In certain jurisdictions, deferred tax assets related to cumulative losses exist without a valuation allowance where in management’s judgment the weight of the positive evidence more than offsets the negative evidence of the cumulative losses. Upon changes in facts and circumstances, management may conclude that deferred tax assets for which no valuation allowance is currently recorded may not be realizable in future periods, resulting in a future charge to record a valuation allowance. Existing valuation allowances are re-examined under the same standards of positive and

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negative evidence. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will be realized, the appropriate amount of the valuation allowance, if any, is released. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are also re-measured to reflect changes in underlying tax rates due to law changes and the granting and lapse of tax holidays.

In December 2011, one of the Company’s subsidiaries in Brazil applied for a tax holiday related to its expanded mining and refining operations. If approved, the tax rate for this subsidiary will decrease significantly, resulting in future cash tax savings over the 10-year holiday period (would be effective as of January 1, 2012). Additionally, the net deferred tax asset of the subsidiary would be remeasured at the lower rate in the period the holiday is approved. This remeasurement would result in a decrease to the net deferred tax asset and a noncash charge to earnings of approximately $60 to $90.

The following table details the changes in the valuation allowance:

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Balance at beginning of year |  | $ | 1,268 |  |  | $ | 1,345 |
Increase to allowance |  |  | 157 |  |  |  | 25 |
Release of allowance* |  |  | (25 | ) |  |  | (90 | )
Acquisitions/Divestitures |  |  | - |  |  |  | (3 | )
Foreign currency translation |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (9 | )
Balance at end of year |  | $ | 1,398 |  |  | $ | 1,268 |

* | In 2010, this amount includes $57 for the reversal of a valuation allowance related to previously restricted net operating losses of a foreign subsidiary now available.

The cumulative amount of Alcoa’s foreign undistributed net earnings for which no deferred taxes have been provided was approximately $8,300 at December 31, 2011. Management has no plans to distribute such earnings in the foreseeable future. It is not practical to determine the deferred tax liability on these earnings.

Alcoa and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various states and foreign jurisdictions. With a few minor exceptions, Alcoa is no longer subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2002. All U.S. tax years prior to 2011 have been audited by the Internal Revenue Service. Various state and foreign jurisdiction tax authorities are in the process of examining Alcoa’s income tax returns for various tax years through 2009.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits (excluding interest and penalties) was as follows:

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Balance at beginning of year |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 24 |
Additions for tax positions of the current year |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1 |
Additions for tax positions of prior years |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 24 |
Reductions for tax positions of prior years |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | - |
Settlements with tax authorities |  |  | (4 | ) |  |  | (22 | ) |  |  | (5 | )
Expiration of the statute of limitations |  |  | - |  |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | - |
Foreign currency translation |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | 4 |
Balance at end of year |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 48 |

For all periods presented, a portion of the balance at end of year pertains to state tax liabilities, which are presented before any offset for federal tax benefits. The effect of unrecognized tax benefits, if recorded, that would impact the annual effective tax rate for 2011, 2010, and 2009 would be approximately 2%, 4%, and 1%, respectively, of pretax book income. Alcoa does not anticipate that changes in its unrecognized tax benefits will have a material impact on the Statement of Consolidated Operations during 2012.

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It is Alcoa’s policy to recognize interest and penalties related to income taxes as a component of the Provision for income taxes on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. In 2011, 2010, and 2009, Alcoa recognized $2, $1, and $6, respectively, in interest and penalties. Due to the expiration of the statute of limitations and settlements with tax authorities, Alcoa also recognized income of $2, $4, and $1 in 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively, related to previously accrued interest and penalties. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the amount accrued for the payment of interest and penalties was $12 and $13, respectively.

U. Receivables

Sale of Receivables Programs

Alcoa had a program to sell a senior undivided interest in certain customer receivables, without recourse, on a continuous basis to a third-party for cash (up to $250). This program was renewed on October 29, 2009 and was due to expire on October 28, 2010. On March 26, 2010, Alcoa terminated this program and repaid the $250 originally received in 2009. In light of the adoption of accounting changes related to the transfer of financial assets, had the securitization program not been terminated, it would have resulted in a $250 increase in both Receivables from customers and Short-term borrowings on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet (see the Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance section of Note A).

Also on March 26, 2010, Alcoa entered into two one-year arrangements (both were renewed in March 2011) with third parties to sell certain customer receivables outright without recourse on a continuous basis. Additionally, in November 2011, Alcoa entered into a five-year arrangement with another third party to sell additional customer receivables outright without recourse on a continuous basis. As of December 31, 2011, $212 of the sold receivables under the three arrangements combined were uncollected. Alcoa is servicing the customer receivables for the third parties at market rates; therefore, no servicing asset or liability was recorded.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The following table details the changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts related to customer receivables and other receivables:

|  | Customer receivables |  |  | Other receivables |
December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Balance at beginning of year |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 72 |  |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | 90 |
Provision for doubtful accounts |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 1 |
Write off of uncollectible accounts |  |  | (14 | ) |  |  | (10 | ) |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (1 | )
Recoveries of prior write-offs |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (4 | ) |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | (3 | )
Other |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (4 | ) |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | - |
Balance at end of year |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 87 |

V. Interest Cost Components

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Amount charged to expense |  | $ | 524 |  |  | $ | 494 |  |  | $ | 470 |
Amount capitalized |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | 96 |  |  |  | 165 |
|  | $ | 625 |  |  | $ | 590 |  |  | $ | 635 |

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W. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

Alcoa maintains pension plans covering most U.S. employees and certain employees in foreign locations. Pension benefits generally depend on length of service, job grade, and remuneration. Substantially all benefits are paid through pension trusts that are sufficiently funded to ensure that all plans can pay benefits to retirees as they become due. Most salaried and non-bargaining hourly U.S. employees hired after March 1, 2006 participate in a defined contribution plan instead of a defined benefit plan.

Alcoa also maintains health care and life insurance benefit plans covering eligible U.S. retired employees and certain retirees from foreign locations. Generally, the medical plans pay a percentage of medical expenses, reduced by deductibles and other coverages. These plans are generally unfunded, except for certain benefits funded through a trust. Life benefits are generally provided by insurance contracts. Alcoa retains the right, subject to existing agreements, to change or eliminate these benefits. All salaried and certain non-bargaining hourly U.S. employees hired after January 1, 2002 and certain bargaining hourly U.S. employees hired after July 1, 2010 are not eligible for postretirement health care benefits. All salaried and certain hourly U.S. employees that retire on or after April 1, 2008 are not eligible for postretirement life insurance benefits.

The funded status of all of Alcoa’s pension and other postretirement benefit plans are measured as of December 31.

On June 24, 2010, the United Steelworkers ratified a new four-year labor agreement covering approximately 5,400 employees at 11 U.S. locations; the previous labor agreement expired on May 31, 2010. In 2010, as a result of the preparation for and ratification of the new agreement, Alcoa recognized $20 ($13 after-tax) in Cost of goods sold on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations for strike preparation costs, a one-time signing bonus for employees, and an increase to pension net periodic benefit cost (see below). Additionally, as a result of the provisions of the new labor agreement, a significant plan amendment was adopted by one of Alcoa’s U.S. pension plans. Accordingly, this plan was required to be remeasured, and through this process, the discount rate was updated from 6.15% at December 31, 2009 to 5.95% at May 31, 2010. The plan remeasurement resulted in an increase to both Alcoa’s pension liability of $166 and the plan’s unrecognized net actuarial loss (included in other comprehensive loss) of $108 (after-tax). The plan remeasurement also resulted in an increase to 2010 net periodic benefit cost of $9.

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Obligations and Funded Status

|  | Pension benefits |  |  | Other postretirement benefits |
December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Change in benefit obligation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | $ | 12,343 |  |  | $ | 11,638 |  |  | $ | 2,902 |  |  | $ | 3,038 |
Service cost |  |  | 183 |  |  |  | 152 |  |  |  | 17 |  |  |  | 21 |
Interest cost |  |  | 687 |  |  |  | 691 |  |  |  | 159 |  |  |  | 175 |
Amendments |  |  | 40 |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | 8 |
Actuarial losses (gains) |  |  | 1,163 |  |  |  | 544 |  |  |  | 17 |  |  |  | (75 | )
Settlements |  |  | (32 | ) |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (6 | )
Curtailments |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (10 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Benefits paid, net of participants’ contributions |  |  | (813 | ) |  |  | (799 | ) |  |  | (275 | ) |  |  | (287 | )
Medicare Part D subsidy receipts |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 26 |
Foreign currency translation impact |  |  | (38 | ) |  |  | 94 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2 |
Benefit obligation at end of year* |  | $ | 13,526 |  |  | $ | 12,343 |  |  | $ | 2,844 |  |  | $ | 2,902 |
Change in plan assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year |  | $ | 9,451 |  |  | $ | 8,529 |  |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | 111 |
Actual return on plan assets |  |  | 783 |  |  |  | 941 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 8 |
Employer contributions |  |  | 945 |  |  |  | 718 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Participants’ contributions |  |  | 35 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Benefits paid |  |  | (805 | ) |  |  | (800 | ) |  |  | (52 | ) |  |  | (61 | )
Administrative expenses |  |  | (38 | ) |  |  | (39 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Settlements |  |  | (34 | ) |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Foreign currency translation impact |  |  | (26 | ) |  |  | 80 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Fair value of plan assets at end of year* |  | $ | 10,311 |  |  | $ | 9,451 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 58 |
Funded status* |  | $ | (3,215 | ) |  | $ | (2,892 | ) |  | $ | (2,836 | ) |  | $ | (2,844 | )
Less: Amounts attributed to joint venture partners |  |  | (34 | ) |  |  | (26 | ) |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | (5 | )
Net funded status |  | $ | (3,181 | ) |  | $ | (2,866 | ) |  | $ | (2,831 | ) |  | $ | (2,839 | )
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet consist of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noncurrent assets |  | $ | 109 |  |  | $ | 84 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Current liabilities |  |  | (29 | ) |  |  | (27 | ) |  |  | (248 | ) |  |  | (224 | )
Noncurrent liabilities |  |  | (3,261 | ) |  |  | (2,923 | ) |  |  | (2,583 | ) |  |  | (2,615 | )
Net amount recognized |  | $ | (3,181 | ) |  | $ | (2,866 | ) |  | $ | (2,831 | ) |  | $ | (2,839 | )
Amounts recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss consist of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial loss |  | $ | 5,191 |  |  | $ | 4,221 |  |  | $ | 511 |  |  | $ | 520 |
Prior service cost (benefit) |  |  | 129 |  |  |  | 106 |  |  |  | (92 | ) |  |  | (108 | )
Total, before tax effect |  |  | 5,320 |  |  |  | 4,327 |  |  |  | 419 |  |  |  | 412 |
Less: Amounts attributed to joint venture partners |  |  | 46 |  |  |  | 36 |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | - |
Net amount recognized, before tax effect |  | $ | 5,274 |  |  | $ | 4,291 |  |  | $ | 420 |  |  | $ | 412 |
Other Changes in Plan Assets and Benefit Obligations Recognized in Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income consist of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial loss (gain) |  | $ | 1,216 |  |  | $ | 470 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | (78 | )
Amortization of accumulated net actuarial loss |  |  | (246 | ) |  |  | (181 | ) |  |  | (26 | ) |  |  | (33 | )
Prior service cost (benefit) |  |  | 42 |  |  |  | 42 |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | 9 |
Amortization of prior service (cost) benefit |  |  | (19 | ) |  |  | (17 | ) |  |  | 17 |  |  |  | 15 |
Total, before tax effect |  |  | 993 |  |  |  | 314 |  |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | (87 | )
Less: Amounts attributed to joint venture partners |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (2 | )
Net amount recognized, before tax effect |  | $ | 983 |  |  | $ | 301 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | (85 | )

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* | At December 31, 2011, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, and funded status for U.S. pension plans were $10,702, $7,988, and $(2,714), respectively. At December 31, 2010, the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, and funded status for U.S. pension plans were $9,791, $7,242, and $(2,549), respectively.

Pension Plan Benefit Obligations

|  | Pension benefits |
|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
The projected benefit obligation and accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was as follows: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Projected benefit obligation |  | $ | 13,526 |  |  | $ | 12,343 |
Accumulated benefit obligation |  |  | 13,025 |  |  |  | 11,999 |
The aggregate projected benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for pension plans with projected benefit obligations in excess of plan assets was as follows: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Projected benefit obligation |  |  | 12,828 |  |  |  | 11,531 |
Fair value of plan assets |  |  | 9,470 |  |  |  | 8,518 |
The aggregate accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets was as follows: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accumulated benefit obligation |  |  | 12,184 |  |  |  | 11,167 |
Fair value of plan assets |  |  | 9,281 |  |  |  | 8,454 |

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost

|  | Pension benefits(1) |  |  | Other postretirement benefits(2) |
|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |  |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Service cost |  | $ | 165 |  |  | $ | 148 |  |  | $ | 139 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 21 |
Interest cost |  |  | 678 |  |  |  | 682 |  |  |  | 682 |  |  |  | 158 |  |  |  | 174 |  |  |  | 184 |
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (806 | ) |  |  | (787 | ) |  |  | (758 | ) |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (11 | )
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit) |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | 17 |  |  |  | 16 |  |  |  | (17 | ) |  |  | (15 | ) |  |  | (11 | )
Recognized net actuarial loss |  |  | 247 |  |  |  | 181 |  |  |  | 111 |  |  |  | 26 |  |  |  | 33 |  |  |  | 41 |
Settlements(3) |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | - |
Curtailments(4) |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | (10 | ) |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1 | )
Net periodic benefit cost(5) |  | $ | 296 |  |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 207 |  |  | $ | 182 |  |  | $ | 202 |  |  | $ | 223 |

(1) | In 2011, 2010, and 2009, net periodic benefit cost for U.S pension plans was $190, $155, and $135, respectively.

(2) | In 2011, 2010, and 2009, net periodic benefit cost for other postretirement benefits reflects a reduction of $43, $39, and $42, respectively, related to the recognition of the federal subsidy awarded under Medicare Part D.

(3) | In all periods presented, settlements were due to the payment of significant lump sum benefits and/or purchases of annuity contracts.

(4) | In each period presented, curtailments were due to elimination of benefits, workforce reductions (see Note D), and/or divestitures of the EES business (see Note F).

(5) | Amounts attributed to joint venture partners are not included.

Amounts Expected to be Recognized in Net Periodic Benefit Cost

|  | Pension benefits |  |  | Other postretirement benefits |
|  | 2012 |  |  | 2012 |
Prior service cost (benefit) recognition |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | (16 | )
Net actuarial loss recognition |  |  | 388 |  |  |  | 10 |

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Assumptions

Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations for U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit plans were as follows (assumptions for non-U.S plans did not differ materially):

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Discount rate |  |  | 4.90 | % |  |  | 5.75 | %
Rate of compensation increase |  |  | 3.5 |  |  |  | 3.5 |

The discount rate is determined using a Company-specific yield curve model (above-median) developed with the assistance of an external actuary. The cash flows of the plans’ projected benefit obligations are discounted using a single equivalent rate derived from yields on high quality corporate bonds, which represent a broad diversification of issuers in various sectors, including finance and banking, manufacturing, transportation, insurance, and pharmaceutical, among others. The yield curve model parallels the plans’ projected cash flows, which have an average duration of 10 years, and the underlying cash flows of the bonds included in the model exceed the cash flows needed to satisfy the Company’s plans’ obligations multiple times.

The rate of compensation increase is based upon actual experience. For 2012, the rate of compensation increase will be 3.5%, which approximates the five-year average.

Weighted average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for U.S. pension and other postretirement benefit plans were as follows (assumptions for non-U.S plans did not differ materially):

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Discount rate* |  |  | 5.75 | % |  |  | 6.15 | % |  |  | 6.40 | %
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets |  |  | 8.50 |  |  |  | 8.75 |  |  |  | 8.75 |
Rate of compensation increase |  |  | 3.50 |  |  |  | 3.50 |  |  |  | 4.00 |

* | In all periods presented, the respective discount rates were used to determine net periodic benefit cost for most U.S. pension plans for the full annual period. However, the discount rates for a limited number of plans were updated during the respective years to reflect the remeasurement of these plans due to new union labor agreements, settlements, and (or) curtailments. The updated discount rates used were not significantly different from the discount rates presented.

The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is generally applied to a five-year market-related value of plan assets (a four-year average or the fair value at the plan measurement date is used for certain non-U.S. plans). The process used by management to develop this assumption has expanded from one that relied primarily on historical asset return information to one that also incorporates forward-looking returns by asset class, as described below.

Prior to developing the expected long-term rate of return for calendar year 2009, management focused on historical actual returns (annual, 10-year moving, and 20-year moving averages) when developing this assumption. Based on that process, management utilized 9% for the expected long-term rate of return for several years through 2008. For calendar year 2009, the expected long-term rate of return was reduced to 8.75% due to lower future expected market returns as a result of the then global economic downturn. This was supported by the fact that, in 2008, the 10-year moving average of actual performance fell below 9% for the first time in 20 years, although the 20-year moving average continued to exceed 9%.

For calendar year 2010, management expanded its process by incorporating expected future returns on current and planned asset allocations using information from various external investment managers and management’s own judgment. Management considered this forward-looking analysis as well as the historical return information, and concluded the expected rate of return for calendar 2010 would remain at 8.75%, which was between the 20-year moving average actual return performance and the estimated future return developed by asset class.

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For calendar year 2011, management again incorporated both actual historical return information and expected future returns into its analysis. Based on strategic asset allocation changes and estimates of future returns by asset class, management used 8.50% as its expected long-term rate of return for 2011. This rate again falls within the range of the 20-year moving average of actual performance and the expected future return developed by asset class.

For calendar year 2012, management used the same methodology as it did for 2011 and determined that 8.50% will be the expected long-term rate of return.

Assumed health care cost trend rates for U.S. other postretirement benefit plans were as follows (assumptions for non-U.S plans did not differ materially):

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year |  |  | 6.5 | % |  |  | 6.5 | % |  |  | 6.5 | %
Rate to which the cost trend rate gradually declines |  |  | 5.0 | % |  |  | 5.0 | % |  |  | 5.0 | %
Year that the rate reaches the rate at which it is assumed to remain |  |  | 2016 |  |  |  | 2015 |  |  |  | 2014 |

The assumed health care cost trend rate is used to measure the expected cost of gross eligible charges covered by Alcoa’s other postretirement benefit plans. For 2012, the use of a 6.5% trend rate will continue, reflecting management’s best estimate of the change in future health care costs covered by the plans. The plans’ actual annual health care cost trend experience over the past three years has ranged from (2.1)% to 3.8%. Management does not believe this three-year range is indicative of expected increases for future health care costs over the long-term.

Assumed health care cost trend rates have an effect on the amounts reported for the health care plan. A one-percentage point change in these assumed rates would have the following effects:

|  | 1% increase |  |  | 1% decrease |
Effect on total of service and interest cost components |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | (4 | )
Effect on other postretirement benefit obligations |  |  | 74 |  |  |  | (66 | )

Plan Assets

Alcoa’s pension and other postretirement plans’ investment policy and weighted average asset allocations at December 31, 2011 and 2010, by asset class, were as follows:

|  |  |  |  | Plan assets at December 31, |
Asset class |  | Policy range |  |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Equity securities |  |  | 20–55 | % |  |  | 34 | % |  |  | 36 | %
Debt securities |  |  | 30–65 | % |  |  | 50 |  |  |  | 52 |
Other |  |  | 5–25 | % |  |  | 16 |  |  |  | 12 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100 | % |  |  | 100 | %

The principal objectives underlying the investment of the pension and other postretirement plans’ assets are to ensure that Alcoa can properly fund benefit obligations as they become due under a broad range of potential economic and financial scenarios, maximize the long-term investment return with an acceptable level of risk based on such obligations, and broadly diversify investments across and within the capital markets to protect asset values against adverse movements. Specific objectives for long-term investment strategy include reducing the volatility of pension assets relative to pension liabilities and achieving risk factor diversification across the balance of the asset portfolio. A portion of the assets are matched to the interest rate profile of the benefit obligation through long duration fixed income

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investments and exposure to broad equity risk has been decreased and diversified through investments in macro hedge funds, equity long and short hedge funds, global and emerging market equities and gold. Investments are further diversified by strategy, asset class, geography, and sector to enhance returns and mitigate downside risk. A large number of external investment managers are used to gain broad exposure to the financial markets and to mitigate manager-concentration risk.

Investment practices comply with the requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) and any other applicable laws and regulations. The use of derivative instruments is permitted where appropriate and necessary for achieving overall investment policy objectives. Currently, the use of derivative instruments is not significant when compared to the overall investment portfolio.

The following section describes the valuation methodologies used by the trustees to measure the fair value of pension and other postretirement benefit plan assets, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which each type of asset is generally classified (see Note X for the definition of fair value and a description of the fair value hierarchy).

Equity Securities. These securities consist of direct investments in the stock of publicly traded companies and are valued based on the closing price reported in an active market on which the individual securities are traded. As such, the direct investments are generally classified in Level 1. Also, these securities consist of the plans’ share of commingled funds that are invested in the stock of publicly traded companies and are valued at the net asset value of shares held at December 31. As such, these securities are generally included in Level 2. Additionally, these securities include direct investments of private equity and short and long equity hedge funds and are valued by investment managers based on the most recent financial information available, which typically represents significant unobservable data. As such, these investments are generally classified as Level 3.

Debt Securities. These securities consist of publicly traded U.S. and non-U.S. fixed interest obligations (principally corporate bonds and debentures) and are valued through consultation and evaluation with brokers in the institutional market using quoted prices and other observable market data. As such, a portion of these securities are included in both Level 1 and 2. Also, these securities include cash and cash equivalents, which consist of government securities with maturities less than one year and commingled funds, and are generally valued using quoted prices or observable market data. As such, these funds are included in both Level 1 and 2. Additionally these securities consist of commercial and residential mortgage-backed securities and are valued by investment managers based on the most recent financial information available, which typically represents significant unobservable data. As such, these investments are generally classified as Level 3.

Other Investments. These investments include, among others, exchange traded funds, hedge funds, real estate investment trusts, and direct investments of private real estate. Exchange traded funds, such as gold, and real estate investment trusts are valued based on the closing price reported in an active market on which the investments are traded, and, therefore, are included in Level 1. Direct investments of hedge funds and private real estate are valued by investment managers based on the most recent financial information available, which typically represents significant unobservable data. As such, these investments are generally classified as Level 3. If fair value is able to be determined through the use of quoted market prices of similar assets or other observable market data, then the investments are classified in Level 2.

The fair value methods described above may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Additionally, while Alcoa believes the valuation methods used by the plans’ trustees are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

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The following table presents the fair value of pension and other postretirement plans’ assets classified under the appropriate level of the fair value hierarchy:

December 31, 2011 |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Total |
Equity securities* |  | $ | 941 |  |  | $ | 1,166 |  |  | $ | 1,383 |  |  | $ | 3,490 |
Debt securities |  |  | 1,223 |  |  |  | 3,880 |  |  |  | 211 |  |  |  | 5,314 |
Other investments |  |  | 295 |  |  |  | 74 |  |  |  | 1,166 |  |  |  | 1,535 |
Total** |  | $ | 2,459 |  |  | $ | 5,120 |  |  | $ | 2,760 |  |  | $ | 10,339 |
December 31, 2010 |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Total |
Equity securities |  | $ | 1,348 |  |  | $ | 1,589 |  |  | $ | 504 |  |  | $ | 3,441 |
Debt securities |  |  | 808 |  |  |  | 3,922 |  |  |  | 187 |  |  |  | 4,917 |
Other investments |  |  | 268 |  |  |  | 52 |  |  |  | 808 |  |  |  | 1,128 |
Total** |  | $ | 2,424 |  |  | $ | 5,563 |  |  | $ | 1,499 |  |  | $ | 9,486 |

* | At December 31, 2011, Level 1 equity securities include $36 of Alcoa common stock related to the January 2011 plan contribution (see Funding and Cash Flows section below).

** | As of December 31, 2011, the total fair value of pension and other postretirement plans’ assets excludes a net payable of $20, which represents securities purchased not yet settled less interest and dividends earned on various investments. As of December 31, 2010, the total fair value of pension and other postretirement plans’ assets excludes a net receivable of $23, which represents interest and dividends earned on various investments less securities purchased not yet settled.

Pension and other postretirement benefit plans’ assets classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy represent other investments in which the trustees have used significant unobservable inputs in the valuation model. The following table presents a reconciliation of activity for such investments:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Balance at beginning of year |  | $ | 1,499 |  |  | $ | 920 |
Realized gains |  |  | 67 |  |  |  | 35 |
Unrealized gains |  |  | 100 |  |  |  | 130 |
Purchases |  |  | 1,221 |  |  |  | 497 |
Sales |  |  | (124 | ) |  |  | (87 | )
Issuances |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Settlements |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Foreign currency translation impact |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | 4 |
Transfers in and (or) out of Level 3* |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Balance at end of year |  | $ | 2,760 |  |  | $ | 1,499 |

* | In 2011 and 2010, there were no transfers of financial instruments into or out of Level 3

Funding and Cash Flows

It is Alcoa’s policy to fund amounts for pension plans sufficient to meet the minimum requirements set forth in applicable country benefits laws and tax laws, including the Pension Protection Act of 2006 and the Worker, Retiree, and Employer Recovery Act of 2008 for U.S. plans. From time to time, Alcoa contributes additional amounts as deemed appropriate. In 2011 and 2010, cash contributions to Alcoa’s pension plans were $336 and $113. Also in both 2011 and 2010, Alcoa contributed newly issued shares (see Note R) of its common stock (valued at $600) to a master trust that holds the assets of certain U.S. defined benefit pension plans in a private placement transaction. These shares were issued to satisfy the estimated minimum required funding and to provide additional funding towards maintaining an approximately 80% funded status of Alcoa’s U.S. pension plans. The minimum required contribution to pension plans in 2012 is estimated to be $650, of which $115 is for non-U.S. plans.

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Benefit payments expected to be paid to pension and other postretirement benefit plans’ participants and expected Medicare Part D subsidy receipts are as follows:

Year ended December 31, |  | Pension benefits |  |  |  |  | Gross Other post- retirement benefits |  |  | Medicare Part D subsidy receipts |  |  | Net Other post- retirement benefits |
2012 |  | $ | 840 |  |  |  |  | $ | 285 |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | 260 |
2013 |  |  | 850 |  |  |  |  |  | 285 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 255 |
2014 |  |  | 850 |  |  |  |  |  | 280 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 250 |
2015 |  |  | 860 |  |  |  |  |  | 275 |  |  |  | 35 |  |  |  | 240 |
2016 |  |  | 870 |  |  |  |  |  | 270 |  |  |  | 35 |  |  |  | 235 |
2017 through 2021 |  |  | 4,470 |  |  |  |  |  | 1,265 |  |  |  | 190 |  |  |  | 1,075 |
|  | $ | 8,740 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,660 |  |  | $ | 345 |  |  | $ | 2,315 |

Defined Contribution Plans

Alcoa sponsors savings and investment plans in several countries, including the U.S. and Australia. Expenses related to these plans were $139 in 2011, $119 in 2010, and $97 in 2009. In the U.S., employees may contribute a portion of their compensation to the plans, and Alcoa matches, mostly in company stock, a portion of these contributions. Effective in 2009, employees were permitted to diversify all or any portion of their company stock match. In early 2009, Alcoa suspended employer-matching contributions for U.S. salaried participants for one year.

X. Derivatives and Other Financial Instruments

Derivatives. Alcoa is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations, including financial, market, political, and economic risks. The following discussion provides information regarding Alcoa’s exposure to the risks of changing commodity prices, interest rates, and foreign currency exchange rates.

Alcoa’s commodity and derivative activities are subject to the management, direction, and control of the Strategic Risk Management Committee (SRMC). The SRMC is composed of the chief executive officer, the chief financial officer, and other officers and employees that the chief executive officer selects. The SRMC reports to the Board of Directors on the scope of its activities.

The aluminum, energy, interest rate, and foreign exchange contracts are held for purposes other than trading. They are used primarily to mitigate uncertainty and volatility, and to cover underlying exposures. Alcoa is not involved in trading activities for energy, weather derivatives, or other nonexchange commodity trading activities.

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The fair values of outstanding derivative contracts recorded as assets in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet were as follows:

Asset Derivatives |  | December 31, 2011 |  |  | December 31, 2010 |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | 48 |
Foreign exchange contracts |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2 |
Interest rate contracts |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 19 |
Other noncurrent assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 22 |
Energy contracts |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 9 |
Interest rate contracts |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 62 |
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments |  | $ | 109 |  |  | $ | 162 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments*: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 3 |
Other noncurrent assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | - |
Foreign exchange contracts |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 4 |
Less margin held: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 4 |
Interest rate contracts |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 13 |
Other noncurrent assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 2 |
Sub-total |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 19 |
Total Asset Derivatives |  | $ | 94 |  |  | $ | 147 |

* | See the “Other” section within Note X for additional information on Alcoa’s purpose for entering into derivatives not designated as hedging instruments and its overall risk management strategies.

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The fair values of outstanding derivative contracts recorded as liabilities in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet were as follows:

Liability Derivatives |  | December 31, 2011 |  |  | December 31, 2010 |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 89 |
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  |  | 574 |  |  |  | 647 |
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments |  | $ | 653 |  |  | $ | 736 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments*: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  | $ | 35 |  |  | $ | 52 |
Energy contracts |  |  | - |  |  |  | 62 |
Other noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 33 |
Embedded credit derivative |  |  | 28 |  |  |  | 23 |
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |  | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 170 |
Less margin posted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aluminum contracts |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 4 |
Energy contracts |  |  | - |  |  |  | 37 |
Sub-total |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 41 |
Total Liability Derivatives |  | $ | 737 |  |  | $ | 865 |

* | See the “Other” section within Note X for additional information on Alcoa’s purpose for entering into derivatives not designated as hedging instruments and its overall risk management strategies.

The following table shows the net fair values of outstanding derivative contracts at December 31, 2011 and the effect on these amounts of a hypothetical change (increase or decrease of 10%) in the market prices or rates that existed at December 31, 2011:

|  | Fair value asset/(liability) |  |  | Index change of + / - 10% |
Aluminum contracts |  | $ | (648 | ) |  | $ | 137 |
Embedded credit derivative |  |  | (28 | ) |  |  | 9 |
Energy contracts |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 375 |
Foreign exchange contracts |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | - |
Interest rate contracts |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 2 |

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between (1) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs) and (2) an entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

| • |  | Level 1—Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

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| • |  | Level 2—Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates); and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

| • |  | Level 3—Inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

The following section describes the valuation methodologies used by Alcoa to measure derivative contracts at fair value, including an indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which each instrument is generally classified. Where appropriate, the description includes details of the valuation models, the key inputs to those models, and any significant assumptions.

Derivative contracts are valued using quoted market prices and significant other observable and unobservable inputs. Such financial instruments consist of aluminum, energy, interest rate, and foreign exchange contracts. The fair values for the majority of these derivative contracts are based upon current quoted market prices. These financial instruments are typically exchange-traded and are generally classified within Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy depending on whether the exchange is deemed to be an active market or not.

For certain derivative contracts whose fair values are based upon trades in liquid markets, such as interest rate swaps, valuation model inputs can generally be verified and valuation techniques do not involve significant management judgment. The fair values of such financial instruments are generally classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Alcoa has other derivative contracts that do not have observable market quotes. For these financial instruments, management uses significant other observable inputs (e.g., information concerning time premiums and volatilities for certain option type embedded derivatives and regional premiums for aluminum contracts). For periods beyond the term of quoted market prices for aluminum, Alcoa uses a model that estimates the long-term price of aluminum by extrapolating the 10-year London Metal Exchange (LME) forward curve. For periods beyond the term of quoted market prices for energy, management has developed a forward curve based on independent consultant market research. Where appropriate, valuations are adjusted for various factors such as liquidity, bid/offer spreads, and credit considerations. Such adjustments are generally based on available market evidence (Level 2). In the absence of such evidence, management’s best estimate is used (Level 3).

The following table presents Alcoa’s derivative contract assets and liabilities that are measured and recognized at fair value on a recurring basis classified under the appropriate level of the fair value hierarchy (there were no transfers in or out of Levels 1 and 2 during the periods presented):

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Level 1 |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 76 |
Level 2 |  |  | 47 |  |  |  | 81 |
Level 3 |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 9 |
Margin held* |  |  | (22 | ) |  |  | (19 | )
Total |  | $ | 94 |  |  | $ | 147 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Level 1 |  | $ | 64 |  |  | $ | 35 |
Level 2 |  |  | 44 |  |  |  | 83 |
Level 3 |  |  | 630 |  |  |  | 788 |
Margin posted* |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (41 | )
Total |  | $ | 737 |  |  | $ | 865 |

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* | Margin held represents cash collateral received related to aluminum contracts included in Level 1 and interest rate contracts included in Level 2 and margin posted represents cash collateral paid related to aluminum contracts included in Level 1. At December 31, 2010, margin posted also represents cash collateral paid related to energy contracts included in Level 3. Alcoa elected to net the margin held and posted against the fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments executed with the same counterparties under master netting arrangements.

Financial instruments classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy represent derivative contracts in which management has used at least one significant unobservable input in the valuation model. The following table presents a reconciliation of activity for such derivative contracts on a net basis:

|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Balance at beginning of year |  | $ | 779 |  |  | $ | 831 |
Total gains or losses (realized and unrealized) included in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales—(decrease) |  |  | (63 | ) |  |  | (38 | )
Cost of goods sold—(increase) |  |  | (15 | ) |  |  | (20 | )
Other (income) expenses, net—(increase) decrease |  |  | (43 | ) |  |  | 25 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income—(increase) |  |  | (35 | ) |  |  | (19 | )
Purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements* |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | - |
Transfers into and (or) out of Level 3** |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Balance at end of year |  | $ | 618 |  |  | $ | 779 |
Total gains or losses included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to derivative contracts still held at December 31, 2011 and 2010: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
Cost of goods sold |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Other (income) expenses, net—(increase) decrease |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 22 |

* | In 2011, there was an issuance of a Level 3 financial instrument related to a natural gas supply contract (see below). There were no purchases, sales, or settlements of Level 3 financial instruments in 2011 and 2010.

** | In 2011 and 2010, there were no transfers of financial instruments into or out of Level 3.

As reflected in the table above, the net unrealized loss on derivative contracts using Level 3 valuation techniques was $618 and $779 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. These losses were mainly attributed to embedded derivatives in power contracts that index the price of power to the LME price of aluminum. These embedded derivatives are primarily valued using observable market prices. However, due to the length of the contracts, the valuation model also requires management to estimate the long-term price of aluminum based upon an extrapolation of the 10-year LME forward curve. The embedded derivatives have been designated as hedges of forward sales of aluminum and their realized gains and losses were included in Sales on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations.

In 2011, Alcoa entered into a six-year natural gas supply contract, which has an LME-linked ceiling. This contract is valued using probabilities of future LME aluminum prices and the price of Brent crude oil (priced on Platts), including the interrelationships between the two commodities subject to the ceiling. At inception, this contract had a fair value of $5. Unrealized gains and losses from this contract were included in Other (income) expenses, net on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations, while realized gains and losses will be included in Cost of goods sold on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations as gas purchases are made under the contract.

Also, included within Level 3 measurements are derivative financial instruments that hedge the cost of electricity. Transactions involving on-peak power are observable as there is an active market. However, there are certain off-peak times when there is not an actively traded market for electricity. Therefore, management utilizes market prices, historical relationships, and various forecast services to determine the fair value. Management utilizes these same valuation techniques for an existing power contract associated with a smelter in the U.S. that no longer qualified for the

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normal purchase normal sale exception under derivative accounting in late 2009. Unrealized gains and losses for this physical power contract were included in Other (income) expenses, net on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations, while realized gains and losses were included in Cost of goods sold on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. Additionally, a financial contract related to the same U.S. smelter utilized by management to hedge the price of electricity of the aforementioned power contract no longer qualified for cash flow hedge accounting near the end of 2009. Realized gains and losses of this financial contract were included in Cost of goods sold on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. In periods prior to January 1, 2010, unrealized gains and losses were included in Other comprehensive (loss) income; in periods subsequent to December 31, 2009, such changes were included in Other (income) expenses, net on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. Both the physical power contract and the financial contract related to this U.S. smelter expired in September 2011.

In 2010, Alcoa entered into contracts to hedge the anticipated power requirements at two smelters in Australia. These derivatives hedge forecasted power purchases through December 2036. Beyond the term where market information is available, management has developed a forward curve, for valuation purposes, based on independent consultant market research. The effective portion of gains and losses on these contracts were recorded in Other comprehensive (loss) income on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet until the designated hedge periods begin in 2014 and 2016. Once the hedge periods begin, realized gains and losses will be recorded in Cost of goods sold.

Additionally, an embedded derivative in a power contract that indexes the difference between the long-term debt ratings of Alcoa and the counterparty from any of the three major credit rating agencies is included in Level 3. Management uses market prices, historical relationships, and forecast services to determine fair value. Realized gains and losses for this embedded derivative were included in Other (income) expenses, net on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations.

Fair Value Hedges

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. The gain or loss on the hedged items are included in the same line items as the loss or gain on the related derivative contracts as follows (there were no contracts that ceased to qualify as a fair value hedge in 2011, 2010, or 2009):

Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships |  | Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings on Derivatives |  |  | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings on Derivatives |
|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Aluminum contracts |  |  | Sales |  |  | $ | (126 | ) |  | $ | 38 |  |  | $ | 214 |
Interest rate contracts |  |  | Interest expense |  |  |  | 64 |  |  |  | 90 |  |  |  | 61 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (62 | ) |  | $ | 128 |  |  | $ | 275 |
Hedged Items in Fair Value Hedging Relationships |  | Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings on Hedged Items |  |  | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings on Hedged Items |
|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Aluminum contracts |  |  | Sales |  |  | $ | 133 |  |  | $ | (41 | ) |  | $ | (227 | )
Interest rate contracts |  |  | Interest expense |  |  |  | (31 | ) |  |  | (62 | ) |  |  | (61 | )
Total |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 102 |  |  | $ | (103 | ) |  | $ | (288 | )

Aluminum. Alcoa is a leading global producer of primary aluminum and fabricated aluminum products. As a condition of sale, customers often require Alcoa to enter into long-term, fixed-price commitments. These commitments expose Alcoa to the risk of fluctuating aluminum prices between the time the order is committed and the time that the order is shipped. Alcoa’s aluminum commodity risk management policy is to manage, principally through the use of futures and contracts, the aluminum price risk associated with a portion of its firm commitments. These contracts cover

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known exposures, generally within three years. As of December 31, 2011, Alcoa had 419 kmt of aluminum futures designated as fair value hedges. The effects of this hedging activity will be recognized over the designated hedge periods in 2012 to 2014.

Interest Rates. Alcoa uses interest rate swaps to help maintain a strategic balance between fixed- and floating-rate debt and to manage overall financing costs. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had pay floating, receive fixed interest rate swaps that were designated as fair value hedges. These hedges effectively convert the interest rate from fixed to floating on $515 of debt through 2018 (see Note K). In 2011, Alcoa terminated interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $550 in conjunction with the early retirement of the related debt (see Note K). At the time of termination, the swaps were “in-the-money” resulting in a gain of $33, which was recorded in Interest expense on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations. In 2010, Alcoa terminated all or a portion of various interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $825 in conjunction with the early retirement of the related debt (see Note K). At the time of termination, the swaps were “in-the-money” resulting in a gain of $28, which was recorded in Interest expense on the accompanying Statement of Consolidated Operations.

Cash Flow Hedges

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of other comprehensive income (OCI) and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness are recognized in current earnings.

Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships |  | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivatives (Effective Portion) |  |  | Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Earnings (Effective Portion) |  | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Earnings (Effective Portion)* |  |  | Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings on Derivatives (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing) |  | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings on Derivatives (Ineffective Portion and Amount Excluded from Effectiveness Testing)** |
| 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |  |  |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |  |  |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Aluminum contracts |  | $ | 72 |  |  | $ | (6 | ) |  | $ | (589 | ) |  | Sales |  | $ | (114 | ) |  | $ | (106 | ) |  | $ | (4 | ) |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 3 |
Aluminum contracts |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 13 |  |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 49 |  |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Energy contracts |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (10 | ) |  |  | (29 | ) |  | Cost of goods sold |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  | (25 | ) |  |  | (37 | ) |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Foreign exchange contracts |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | (2 | ) |  | Sales |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | (6 | ) |  |  | 3 |  |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Interest rate contracts |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | - |  |  | Interest expense |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | - |  |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Interest rate contracts |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (2 | ) |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Total |  | $ | 63 |  |  | $ | (21 | ) |  | $ | (609 | ) |  |  |  | $ | (121 | ) |  | $ | (138 | ) |  | $ | 11 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 3 |

* | Assuming market rates remain constant with the rates at December 31, 2011, a gain of $22 is expected to be recognized in earnings over the next 12 months.

** | In 2011, 2010, and 2009, the amount of gain or (loss) recognized in earnings represents $(1), less than $1, and $3, respectively, related to the ineffective portion of the hedging relationships. There was also $3 recognized in earnings related to the amount excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness in 2011.

Aluminum and Energy. Alcoa anticipates the continued requirement to purchase aluminum and other commodities, such as electricity, natural gas, and fuel oil, for its operations. Alcoa enters into futures and forward contracts to reduce volatility in the price of these commodities. Alcoa has also entered into power supply and other contracts that contain

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pricing provisions related to the LME aluminum price. The LME-linked pricing features are considered embedded derivatives. A majority of these embedded derivatives have been designated as cash flow hedges of future sales of aluminum.

In 2010, Alcoa entered into contracts to hedge the anticipated power requirements at two smelters in Australia. These derivatives hedge forecasted power purchases through December 2036.

On March 31, 2009, Alcoa acquired an embedded derivative in a power contract, which is linked to the LME, in the Elkem transaction (see Note F).

Interest Rates. Alcoa had no outstanding cash flow hedges of interest rate exposures as of December 31, 2011, 2010, or 2009. An investment accounted for on the equity method by Alcoa has entered into interest rate contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges. Alcoa’s share of the activity of these cash flow hedges is reflected in the table above.

Foreign Exchange. Alcoa is subject to exposure from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. These contracts may be used from time to time to hedge the variability in cash flows from the forecasted payment or receipt of currencies other than the functional currency. These contracts covered periods consistent with known or expected exposures through 2011. On March 31, 2009, Alcoa acquired foreign currency derivatives in the Elkem transaction (see Note F) which covered anticipated foreign currency exposures through 2011.

Alcoa had the following outstanding forward contracts that were entered into to hedge forecasted transactions:

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Aluminum contracts (kmt) |  |  | 1,294 |  |  |  | 1,285 |
Energy contracts (electricity—megawatt hours) |  |  | 100,578,295 |  |  |  | 100,578,295 |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 20 |

Other

Alcoa has also entered into certain derivatives to minimize its price risk related to other customer sales and pricing arrangements. Alcoa has not qualified these contracts for hedge accounting treatment and, therefore, the fair value gains and losses on these contracts are recorded in earnings as follows:

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments |  | Location of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings on Derivatives |  | Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Earnings on Derivatives |
|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Aluminum contracts |  | Sales |  | $ | (13 | ) |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | (9 | )
Aluminum contracts |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | (18 | ) |  |  | (38 | )
Embedded credit derivative |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | - |
Energy contract |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | 47 |  |  |  | (23 | ) |  |  | (30 | )
Foreign exchange contracts |  | Other (income) expenses, net |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 6 |
Total |  |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | (32 | ) |  | $ | (71 | )

The embedded credit derivative relates to a power contract that indexes the difference between the long-term debt ratings of Alcoa and the counterparty from any of the three major credit rating agencies. If the counterparty’s lowest credit rating is greater than one rating category above Alcoa’s credit ratings, an independent investment banker would

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be consulted to determine a hypothetical interest rate for both parties. The two interest rates would be netted and the resulting difference would be multiplied by Alcoa’s equivalent percentage of the outstanding principal of the counterparty’s debt obligation as of December 31 of the year preceding the calculation date. This differential would be added to the cost of power in the period following the calculation date.

In late 2009, an existing power contract associated with a smelter in the U.S. no longer qualified for the normal purchase normal sale exception under derivative accounting. The change in the classification of this contract was due to the fact that Alcoa negotiated a new power contract that did not replace the existing contract, resulting in Alcoa receiving more power than it requires for this smelter (the terms of the new power contract were favorable compared to the existing power contract and management determined that is was beneficial to enter into the new contract while fulfilling its obligation under the existing contract as opposed to waiting closer to the end of the existing contract to negotiate a new power contract). As a result, the existing contract was required to be accounted for as a derivative. Under the derivative classification, this contract did not qualify as a fair value or cash flow hedge. Additionally, a financial contract related to the same U.S. smelter utilized by management to hedge the price of electricity of the aforementioned power contract no longer qualified for cash flow hedge accounting. As such, the existing power contract and the financial contract were marked to market through earnings beginning in December 2009. Alcoa’s obligations under the existing power contract and financial contract expired in September 2011.

In 2009, Alcoa entered into a forward contract to purchase $57 (C$58) to mitigate the foreign currency risk related to a Canadian-denominated loan due in 2014. All other foreign exchange contracts were entered into and settled within each of the periods presented.

Material Limitations

The disclosures with respect to commodity prices, interest rates, and foreign currency exchange risk do not take into account the underlying commitments or anticipated transactions. If the underlying items were included in the analysis, the gains or losses on the futures contracts may be offset. Actual results will be determined by a number of factors that are not under Alcoa’s control and could vary significantly from those factors disclosed.

Alcoa is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by counterparties on the above instruments, as well as credit or performance risk with respect to its hedged customers’ commitments. Although nonperformance is possible, Alcoa does not anticipate nonperformance by any of these parties. Contracts are with creditworthy counterparties and are further supported by cash, treasury bills, or irrevocable letters of credit issued by carefully chosen banks. In addition, various master netting arrangements are in place with counterparties to facilitate settlement of gains and losses on these contracts.

Other Financial Instruments. The carrying values and fair values of Alcoa’s other financial instruments were as follows:

December 31, |  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
| Carrying value |  |  | Fair value |  |  | Carrying value |  |  | Fair value |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 1,939 |  |  | $ | 1,939 |  |  | $ | 1,543 |  |  | $ | 1,543 |
Restricted cash |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |
Noncurrent receivables |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 23 |  |  |  | 23 |
Available-for-sale securities |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | 93 |  |  |  | 93 |
Short-term borrowings |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 62 |  |  |  | 92 |  |  |  | 92 |
Commercial paper |  |  | 224 |  |  |  | 224 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Long-term debt due within one year |  |  | 445 |  |  |  | 445 |  |  |  | 231 |  |  |  | 231 |
Long-term debt, less amount due within one year |  |  | 8,640 |  |  |  | 9,274 |  |  |  | 8,842 |  |  |  | 9,882 |

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The following methods were used to estimate the fair values of other financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents, Restricted cash, Short-term borrowings, Commercial paper, and Long-term debt due within one year. The carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short maturity of the instruments.

Noncurrent receivables. The fair value of noncurrent receivables was based on anticipated cash flows, which approximates carrying value.

Available-for-sale securities. The fair value of such securities was based on quoted market prices. These financial instruments consist of exchange-traded fixed income and equity securities, which are carried at fair value and were classified in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

Long-term debt, less amount due within one year. The fair value was based on quoted market prices for public debt and on interest rates that are currently available to Alcoa for issuance of debt with similar terms and maturities for non-public debt.

Y. Subsequent Events

Management evaluated all activity of Alcoa and concluded that no subsequent events have occurred that would require recognition in the Consolidated Financial Statements or disclosure in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, except as described below.

In January 2012, Alcoa repaid the $322 in outstanding principal of its 6% Notes as scheduled using available cash on hand.

Also in January 2012, Alcoa entered into two term loan agreements, totaling $350, with two separate financial institutions and a revolving credit agreement, providing a $100 credit facility, with a third financial institution. In February 2012, Alcoa entered into another revolving credit agreement, providing a $100 credit facility, with a fourth financial institution. The purpose of any borrowings under all four arrangements will be to provide working capital and for other general corporate purposes, including contributions to Alcoa’s pension plans ($95 was contributed in January 2012). The two term loans were fully drawn on the same dates as the agreements and are subject to an interest rate equivalent to the 3-month LIBOR plus a 1.5% margin. In February 2012, Alcoa borrowed the $100 under the first credit facility. This borrowing is subject to an interest rate equivalent to the 6-month LIBOR plus a 1.25% margin. The two term loans mature in July 2012 and the two revolving credit facilities expire in December 2012. The covenants contained in all four arrangements are the same as Alcoa’s Credit Agreement (see Note K).

Furthermore in January 2012, Alcoa’s subsidiary, Alumínio, borrowed $280 in new loans with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.32% and a weighted-average maturity of 172 days from two financial institutions. The purpose of these borrowings is to support Alumínio’s export operations.

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Supplemental Financial Information (unaudited)

Quarterly Data

(in millions, except per-share amounts)

|  | First |  |  | Second |  |  | Third |  |  | Fourth |  |  | Year |
2011 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales |  | $ | 5,958 |  |  | $ | 6,585 |  |  | $ | 6,419 |  |  | $ | 5,989 |  |  | $ | 24,951 |
Amounts attributable to Alcoa common shareholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | 309 |  |  | $ | 326 |  |  | $ | 172 |  |  | $ | (193 | ) |  | $ | 614 |
(Loss) income from discontinued operations |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (4 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | (3 | )
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 308 |  |  | $ | 322 |  |  | $ | 172 |  |  | $ | (191 | ) |  | $ | 611 |
Earnings per share attributable to Alcoa common shareholders*: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | 0.29 |  |  | $ | 0.31 |  |  | $ | 0.16 |  |  | $ | (0.18 | ) |  | $ | 0.58 |
(Loss) income from discontinued operations |  |  | - |  |  |  | (0.01 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (0.01 | )
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 0.29 |  |  | $ | 0.30 |  |  | $ | 0.16 |  |  | $ | (0.18 | ) |  | $ | 0.57 |
Diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income (loss) from continuing operations |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | 0.28 |  |  | $ | 0.15 |  |  | $ | (0.18 | ) |  | $ | 0.55 |
(Loss) income from discontinued operations |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | 0.28 |  |  | $ | 0.15 |  |  | $ | (0.18 | ) |  | $ | 0.55 |
2010 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales |  | $ | 4,887 |  |  | $ | 5,187 |  |  | $ | 5,287 |  |  | $ | 5,652 |  |  | $ | 21,013 |
Amounts attributable to Alcoa common shareholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Loss) income from continuing operations |  | $ | (194 | ) |  | $ | 137 |  |  | $ | 61 |  |  | $ | 258 |  |  | $ | 262 |
Loss from discontinued operations |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (8 | )
Net (loss) income |  | $ | (201 | ) |  | $ | 136 |  |  | $ | 61 |  |  | $ | 258 |  |  | $ | 254 |
Earnings per share attributable to Alcoa common shareholders*: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Loss) income from continuing operations |  | $ | (0.19 | ) |  | $ | 0.13 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |
Loss from discontinued operations |  |  | (0.01 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Net (loss) income |  | $ | (0.20 | ) |  | $ | 0.13 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |
Diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Loss) income from continuing operations |  | $ | (0.19 | ) |  | $ | 0.13 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |  |  | $ | 0.24 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |
Loss from discontinued operations |  |  | (0.01 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (0.01 | )
Net (loss) income |  | $ | (0.20 | ) |  | $ | 0.13 |  |  | $ | 0.06 |  |  | $ | 0.24 |  |  | $ | 0.24 |

* | Per share amounts are calculated independently for each period presented; therefore, the sum of the quarterly per share amounts may not equal the per share amounts for the year.

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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Alcoa’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this report, and they have concluded that these controls and procedures are effective.

(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting is included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K beginning on page 74.

(c) Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm

The effectiveness of Alcoa’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is included in Part II, Item 8 of this Form 10-K on page 75.

(d) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of 2011, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information.

None.

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PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

The information required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K regarding directors is contained under the caption “Item 1 —Election of Directors” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference. The information required by Item 401 of Regulation S-K regarding executive officers is set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this report under “Executive Officers of the Registrant”.

The information required by Item 405 of Regulation S-K is contained under the caption “Alcoa Stock Ownership — Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.

The company’s Code of Ethics for the CEO, CFO and Other Financial Professionals is publicly available on the company’s Internet website at http://www.alcoa.com under the section “About Alcoa — Corporate Governance.” The remaining information required by Item 406 of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Corporate Governance” and “Corporate Governance — Business Conduct Policies and Code of Ethics” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.

The information required by Items 407(c)(3), (d)(4) and (d)(5) of Regulation S-K is included under the captions “Nominating Candidates for Election to the Board” and “Corporate Governance — Committees of the Board — Audit Committee” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.

Item 11. Executive Compensation.

The information required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Executive Compensation” (excluding the information under the caption “— Compensation Committee Report”), “Director Compensation for 2011”, and “Corporate Governance — Recovery of Incentive Compensation” of the Proxy Statement. Such information is incorporated by reference.

The information required by Items 407(e)(4) and (e)(5) of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Corporate Governance — Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Executive Compensation — Compensation Committee Report” of the Proxy Statement. Such information (other than the Compensation Committee Report, which shall not be deemed to be “filed”) is incorporated by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

The following table gives information about Alcoa’s common stock that could be issued under the company’s equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2011.

Plan Category |  | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (a) |  |  | Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights (b) |  |  | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) (c) |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders 1 |  |  | 56,066,741 | 1 |  | $ | 17.41 |  |  |  | 36,491,489 | 2
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 0 |  |  |  | 0 |
Total |  |  | 56,066,741 | 1 |  | $ | 17.41 |  |  |  | 36,491,489 | 2

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1 | Includes the 2009 Alcoa Stock Incentive Plan (approved by shareholders in May 2009) (2009 ASIP), 2004 Alcoa Stock Incentive Plan (approved by shareholders in April 2004) (2004 ASIP), Alcoa Stock Incentive Plan (approved by shareholders in 1999) and the former Alcoa Long Term Stock Incentive Plan (last approved by shareholders in 1992 and amendments thereto approved by shareholders in 1995). Table amounts are comprised of the following:

| • |  | 39,963,475 stock options

| • |  | 6,790,799 performance options

| • |  | 6,397,724 restricted share units

| • |  | 2,914,743 performance share awards (1,275,230 granted at target)

2 | The 2009 ASIP authorizes, in addition to stock options, other types of stock-based awards in the form of stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, performance awards and other awards. The shares that remain available for issuance under the 2009 ASIP may be issued in connection with any one of these awards. Up to 35 million shares may be issued under the plan. Any award other than an option or a stock appreciation right shall count as 1.75 shares. Options and stock appreciation rights shall be counted as one share for each option or stock appreciation right. In addition, the 2009 ASIP provides the following are available to grant under the 2009 ASIP: (i) shares that are issued under the 2009 ASIP, which are subsequently forfeited, cancelled or expire in accordance with the terms of the award and (ii) shares that had previously been issued under prior plans that are outstanding as of the date of the 2009 ASIP which are subsequently forfeited, cancelled or expire in accordance with the terms of the award.

The information required by Item 403 of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Alcoa Stock Ownership—Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” and “—Stock Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information required by Item 404 of Regulation S-K is contained under the captions “Executive Compensation” (excluding the information under the caption “Compensation Committee Report”), “Corporate Governance—Transactions with Directors’ Companies” and “Transactions with Related Persons” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.

The information required by Item 407(a) of Regulation S-K regarding director independence is contained under the captions “Item 1—Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance,” “Corporate Governance—Where to Find Corporate Governance Information,” “Corporate Governance—Director Independence,” “Corporate Governance—Committees of the Board” and “Corporate Governance—Transactions with Directors’ Companies” and “Transactions with Related Persons” of the Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

The information required by Item 9(e) of Schedule 14A is contained under the captions “Item 2—Proposal to Ratify the Independent Auditor—Audit and Non-Audit Fees” and “ 2012 Report of the Audit Committee” of the Proxy Statement and in Attachment A (Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures adopted by the Audit Committee for Audit and Non-Audit Services) thereto and is incorporated by reference.

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PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.

(a) The consolidated financial statements and exhibits listed below are filed as part of this report.

(1) The company’s consolidated financial statements, the notes thereto and the report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm are on pages 75 through 153 of this report.

(2) Financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable, not required, or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

(3) Exhibits.

Exhibit Number |  | Description*
3(a). |  | Articles of the Registrant as amended April 2010, incorporated by reference to exhibit 3(a) to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 27, 2010.
3(b). |  | By-Laws of the Registrant, as amended effective January 20, 2012, incorporated by reference to exhibit 3 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 26, 2012.
4(a). |  | Articles. See Exhibit 3(a) above.
4(b). |  | By-Laws. See Exhibit 3(b) above.
4(c). |  | Form of Indenture, dated as of September 30, 1993, between Alcoa Inc. and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as successor to J. P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association (formerly Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association), as successor Trustee to PNC Bank, National Association, as Trustee (undated form of Indenture incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(a) to Registration Statement No. 33-49997 on Form S-3).
4(c)(1). |  | First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of January 25, 2007, between Alcoa Inc. and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., as successor to J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association (formerly Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association), as successor Trustee to PNC Bank, National Association, as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.4 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated January 25, 2007.
4(c)(2). |  | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 15, 2008, between Alcoa Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as successor in interest to J. P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association (formerly Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association, as successor to PNC Bank, National Association), as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(c) to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 15, 2008.
4(c)(3). |  | Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 24, 2009, between Alcoa Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as successor in interest to J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association (formerly Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association, as successor to PNC Bank, National Association), as Trustee, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.2 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 24, 2009.
4(d). |  | Form of 5.55% Notes Due 2017, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(d) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
4(e). |  | Form of 5.90% Notes Due 2027, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(d) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.

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4(f). |  | Form of 5.95% Notes Due 2037, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(d) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
4(g). |  | Form of 6.00% Notes Due 2013, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(a) to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 15, 2008.
4(h). |  | Form of 6.75% Notes Due 2018, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(b) to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 15, 2008.
4(i). |  | Form of 5.25% Convertible Notes due 2014, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.1 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 24, 2009.
4(j). |  | Form of 6.150% Notes due 2020, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 3, 2010.
4(k). |  | Form of 5.40% Notes due 2021, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated April 21, 2011
4(l). |  | Alcoa Retirement Savings Plan for Fastener Systems and Commercial Windows Employees, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(c) to the company’s Form S-8 Registration Statement dated November 23, 2010.
4(m). |  | Alcoa Retirement Savings Plan for Mill Products Employees, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(d) to the company’s Form S-8 Registration Statement dated November 23, 2010.
4(n). |  | Alcoa Retirement Savings Plan for Bargaining Employees, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(a) to the company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 6 to Form S-8 Registration Statement dated November 30, 2010.
4(o). |  | Alcoa Retirement Savings Plan for Salaried Employees, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(b) to the company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 6 to Form S-8 Registration Statement dated November 30, 2010.
4(p). |  | Alcoa Retirement Savings Plan for Hourly Non-Bargaining Employees, incorporated by reference to exhibit 4(c) to the company’s Post-Effective Amendment No. 6 to Form S-8 Registration Statement dated November 30, 2010.
10(a). |  | Alcoa’s Summary of the Key Terms of the AWAC Agreements, incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.2 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 28, 2001.
10(b). |  | Charter of the Strategic Council executed December 21, 1994, incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.3 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 28, 2001.
10(c). |  | Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Alcoa Alumina & Chemicals, L.L.C. dated as of December 31, 1994, incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.4 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 28, 2001.
10(d). |  | Shareholders Agreement dated May 10, 1996 between Alcoa International Holdings Company and WMC Limited, incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.5 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 28, 2001.
10(e). |  | Side Letter of May 16, 1995 clarifying transfer restrictions, incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.6 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 28, 2001.

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10(f). |  | Enterprise Funding Agreement, dated September 18, 2006, between Alcoa Inc., certain of its affiliates and Alumina Limited, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(f) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2006.
10(f)(1). |  | Amendments to Enterprise Funding Agreement, effective January 25, 2008, between Alcoa Inc., certain of its affiliates and Alumina Limited, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(f)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
10(g). |  | Five-Year Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of July 25, 2011, among Alcoa Inc., the Lenders and Issuers named therein, Citibank, N.A., as Administrative Agent for the Lenders and Issuers, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Syndication Agent, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 28, 2011.
10(h). |  | Aluminum Project Framework Shareholders’ Agreement, dated December 20, 2009, between Alcoa Inc. and Saudi Arabian Mining Company (Ma’aden), incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(i) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(h)(1). |  | First Supplemental Agreement, dated March 30, 2010, to the Aluminium Project Framework Shareholders Agreement, dated December 20, 2009, between Saudi Arabian Mining Company (Ma’aden) and Alcoa Inc., incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(c) to company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.
10(i). |  | Closing Memorandum, dated December 20, 2009, between Alcoa Inc. and Aluminum Financing Limited, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(i)(1). |  | Parent Guarantee, dated December 20, 2009, between Abdullah Abunayyan Trading Corp. and Alcoa Inc., incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(i)(2). |  | Parent Guarantee, dated December 20, 2009, between Alcoa Inc. and Aluminum Financing Limited, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(2) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(j). |  | Purchase Agreement, dated March 30, 2010, between Alcoa Inc., Aluminum Financing Limited, and Abdullah Abunayyan Trading Corp., incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(d) to company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.
10(k). |  | Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of January 24, 2011, by and between Alcoa Inc. and Evercore Trust Company, N.A., solely in its capacity as duly appointed and acting investment manager of a segregated account held in the Alcoa Master Retirement Plans Trust, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 24, 2011.
10(l). |  | Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan, Plan A, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(b) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1980.
10(l)(1). |  | Amendments to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan, Plan A, effective January 1, 2000, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(b)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2000.
10(l)(2). |  | Amendments to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan, Plan A, effective January 1, 2002, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(2) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2002.

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10(l)(3). |  | Amendments to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan, Plan A, effective December 31, 2007, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(3) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
10(l)(4). |  | Amendments to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan, Plan A, effective December 29, 2008, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(4) to company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(l)(5). |  | Amendment to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan A, effective December 18, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(m)(5) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(l)(6). |  | Amendment to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan A, effective January 1, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(n)(6) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
10(l)(7). |  | Amendment to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan A, effective January 1, 2012.
10(m). |  | Alcoa Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m) Compliant Annual Cash Incentive Compensation Plan, incorporated by reference to Attachment D to the company’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Form DEF 14A, filed March 7, 2011.
10(n). |  | 2004 Summary Description of the Alcoa Incentive Compensation Plan, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(g) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.
10(n)(1). |  | Incentive Compensation Plan of Alcoa Inc., as revised and restated effective November 8, 2007, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(k)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
10(n)(2). |  | Amendment to Incentive Compensation Plan of Alcoa Inc., effective December 18, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(n)(2) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(o). |  | Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan, Plan C, as amended and restated effective December 31, 2007, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(l) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
10(o)(1). |  | Amendments to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan, Plan C, effective December 29, 2008, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(l)(1) to company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(o)(2). |  | Amendment to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan C, effective December 18, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(o)(2) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(o)(3). |  | Amendment to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan C, effective January 1, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(p)(3) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
10(o)(4). |  | Amendment to Employees’ Excess Benefits Plan C, effective January 1, 2012.
10(p). |  | Deferred Fee Plan for Directors, as amended effective July 9, 1999, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(g)(1) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended June 30, 1999.

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10(q). |  | Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors, as amended effective March 10, 1995, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(h) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1994.
10(q)(1). |  | Amendment to Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors, effective November 10, 1995, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(h)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1995.
10(r). |  | Description of Changes to Non-Employee Director Compensation and Stock Ownership Guidelines, effective January 1, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(b) to company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010.
10(s). |  | Fee Continuation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(k) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1989.
10(s)(1). |  | Amendment to Fee Continuation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, effective November 10, 1995, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(i)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1995.
10(s)(2). |  | Second Amendment to the Fee Continuation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, effective September 15, 2006, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated September 20, 2006.
10(t). |  | Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended effective October 30, 1992, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(k) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1992.
10(t)(1). |  | Amendments to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 1993, February 1, 1994 and January 1, 1995, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1994.
10(t)(2). |  | Amendment to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective June 1, 1995, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(2) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1995.
10(t)(3). |  | Amendment to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective November 1, 1998, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(3) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1999.
10(t)(4). |  | Amendments to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 1999, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(4) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1999.
10(t)(5). |  | Amendments to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 2000, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j)(5) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2000.
10(t)(6). |  | Amendments to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 2005, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(q)(6) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10(t)(7). |  | Amendments to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective November 1, 2007 incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(p)(7) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.

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10(t)(8). |  | Amendments to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective December 29, 2008, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(p)(8) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(t)(9). |  | Amendment to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective April 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(s)(9) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(t)(10). |  | Amendment to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective December 18, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(s)(10) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(t)(11). |  | Amendment to Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(u)(11) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
10(u). |  | Summary of the Executive Split Dollar Life Insurance Plan, dated November 1990, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(m) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1990.
10(v). |  | Amended and Restated Dividend Equivalent Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 1997, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(h) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.
10(w). |  | Form of Indemnity Agreement between the company and individual directors or officers, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(j) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1987.
10(x). |  | 2004 Alcoa Stock Incentive Plan, as amended through November 11, 2005, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.1 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 16, 2005.
10(y). |  | 2009 Alcoa Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Attachment C to the company’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Form DEF 14A filed March 16, 2009.
10(y)(1). |  | Amended and Restated 2009 Alcoa Stock Incentive Plan, dated February 15, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(z)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
10(z). |  | Terms and Conditions for Special Retention Awards under the 2009 Alcoa Stock Incentive Plan, effective January 1, 2010, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(e) to company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.
10(aa). |  | Alcoa Supplemental Pension Plan for Senior Executives, as amended and restated effective December 31, 2007, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(u) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
10(aa)(1). |  | Amendment to Alcoa Supplemental Pension Plan for Senior Executives, effective December 29, 2008, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(u)(1) to company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(aa)(2). |  | Amendment to Alcoa Supplemental Pension Plan for Senior Executives, effective December 16, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(y)(2) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.

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10(aa)(3). |  | Amendment to Alcoa Supplemental Pension Plan for Senior Executives, effective December 18, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(y)(3) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(aa)(4). |  | Amendment to Alcoa Supplemental Pension Plan for Senior Executives, effective January 1, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(bb)(4) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
10(aa)(5). |  | Amendment to Alcoa Supplemental Pension Plan for Senior Executives, effective January 1, 2012.
10(bb). |  | Deferred Fee Estate Enhancement Plan for Directors, effective July 10, 1998, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(r) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 1998.
10(cc). |  | Alcoa Inc. Change in Control Severance Plan, as amended and restated effective November 8, 2007, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(x) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
10(cc)(1). |  | Amendment to Alcoa Inc. Change in Control Severance Plan, effective December 16, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(bb)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(dd). |  | Form of Agreement for Stock Option Awards, effective January 1, 2004, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(a) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.
10(ee). |  | Form of Agreement for Stock Awards, effective January 1, 2004, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(b) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.
10(ff). |  | Form of Agreement for Performance Share Awards, effective January 1, 2004, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(c) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.
10(gg). |  | Stock Option Award Rules, revised January 1, 2004, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(d) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.
10(hh). |  | Stock Awards Rules, effective January 1, 2004, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(e) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.
10(ii). |  | Performance Share Awards Rules, effective January 1, 2004, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(f) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission file number 1-3610) for the quarter ended September 30, 2004.
10(jj). |  | 2005 Deferred Fee Plan for Directors, as amended, effective May 5, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(d) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.
10(kk). |  | Global Pension Plan, effective January 1, 1998, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(jj) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2004.
10(kk)(1). |  | Amendments to Global Pension Plan, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(jj)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2004.

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10(kk)(2). |  | Amendments to Global Pension Plan, effective January 1, 2005, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(gg)(2) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10(kk)(3). |  | Amendments to Global Pension Plan, effective December 1, 2005, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(gg)(3) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10(kk)(4). |  | Amendments to Global Pension Plan, effective December 29, 2008, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(ff)(4) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(kk)(5). |  | Amendments to Global Pension Plan, effective July 1, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(jj)(5) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(kk)(6). |  | Amendments to Global Pension Plan, effective December 18, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(jj)(6) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(kk)(7). |  | Amendment to Global Pension Plan, effective January 1, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(mm)(7) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
10(ll). |  | Executive Severance Agreement, as amended and restated effective December 8, 2008, between Alcoa Inc. and Klaus Kleinfeld, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(gg) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(ll)(1). |  | Executive Severance Agreement, as amended and restated effective December 8, 2008, between Alcoa Inc. and Charles D. McLane, Jr., incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(gg)(2) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(ll)(2). |  | Executive Severance Agreement, as amended and restated effective December 8, 2008, between Alcoa Inc. and Helmut Wieser, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(gg)(5) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(ll)(3). |  | Description of Additional Executive Severance Benefit for Helmut Wieser, effective December 1, 2011.
10(ll)(4). |  | Executive Severance Agreement, effective July 28, 2009, between Alcoa Inc. and Nicholas J. DeRoma, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(c) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2009.
10(ll)(5). |  | Executive Severance Agreement, dated February 19, 2010, between Alcoa Inc. and John Thuestad, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10 to company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2010.
10(ll)(6). |  | Form of Executive Severance Agreement between the company and new officers entered into after July 22, 2010, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(a) to company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2010.
10(mm). |  | Consulting Agreement, dated February 22, 2010, between Alcoa Inc. and Bernt Reitan, effective August 1, 2010, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(b) to company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2010.
10(nn). |  | Description of Non-Employee Director Compensation incorporated by reference to exhibit 10 to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2007.
10(oo). |  | Form of Award Agreement for Stock Options, effective January 1, 2006, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 16, 2005.

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10(pp). |  | Form of Award Agreement for Stock Awards, effective January 1, 2006, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.3 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 16, 2005.
10(qq). |  | Form of Award Agreement for Performance Share Awards, effective January 1, 2006, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.4 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 16, 2005.
10(rr). |  | Form of Award Agreement for Performance Stock Options, effective January 1, 2006, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.5 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 16, 2005.
10(ss). |  | Form of Award Agreement for Stock Options, effective May 8, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 13, 2009.
10(tt). |  | Terms and Conditions for Stock Options, effective January 1, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(c) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.
10(uu). |  | Form of Award Agreement for Restricted Share Units, effective May 8, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 13, 2009.
10(vv). |  | Terms and Conditions for Restricted Share Units, effective January 1, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(b) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.
10(ww). |  | Summary Description of Equity Choice Program for Performance Equity Award Participants, dated November 2005, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.6 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated November 16, 2005.
10(xx). |  | Reynolds Metals Company Benefit Restoration Plan for New Retirement Program, as amended through December 31, 2005, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(rr) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10(xx)(1). |  | Amendments to the Reynolds Metals Company Benefit Restoration Plan for New Retirement Program, effective December 18, 2009, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(tt)(1) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
10(xx)(2). |  | Amendments to the Reynolds Metals Company Benefit Restoration Plan for New Retirement Program, effective January 1, 2012.
10(yy). |  | Global Expatriate Employee Policy (pre-January 1, 2003), incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(uu) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2005.
10(zz). |  | Form of Special Retention Stock Award Agreement, effective July 14, 2006, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.3 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (Commission file number 1-3610) dated September 20, 2006.
10(aaa). |  | Omnibus Amendment to Rules and Terms and Conditions of all Awards under the 2004 Alcoa Stock Incentive Plan, effective January 1, 2007, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(tt) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
10(bbb). |  | Summary of Terms of Relocation for Helmut Wieser, effective January 1, 2007, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(vv) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (Commission file number 1-3610) for the year ended December 31, 2006.

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10(ccc). |  | Description of Terms of Relocation for John Thuestad, effective June 15, 2011, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(e) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011.
10(ddd). |  | Letter Agreement, dated August 14, 2007, between Alcoa Inc. and Klaus Kleinfeld, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(b) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007.
10(eee). |  | Letter Agreement, effective July 24, 2009, between Franklin A. Thomas, Lead Director, and Alain J. P. Belda, Chairman of the Board, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10 to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 29, 2009.
10(fff). |  | Employment Offer Letter, dated July 28, 2009, between Alcoa Inc. and Nicholas J. DeRoma, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(b) to the company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2009.
10(ggg). |  | Director Plan: You Make a Difference Award, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(uu) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008.
10(hhh). |  | Form of Award Agreement for Stock Options, effective January 1, 2010, incorporated by reference to exhibit 10(ddd) to the company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
12. |  | Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
21. |  | Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
23. |  | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
24. |  | Power of Attorney for certain directors.
31. |  | Certifications pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32. |  | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
95. |  | Mine Safety Disclosure.
101. INS |  | XBRL Instance Document.
101. SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101. CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101. DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101. LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101. PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

* | Exhibit Nos. 10(l) through 10(hhh) are management contracts or compensatory plans required to be filed as Exhibits to this Form 10-K.

Amendments and modifications to other Exhibits previously filed have been omitted when in the opinion of the registrant such Exhibits as amended or modified are no longer material or, in certain instances, are no longer required to be filed as Exhibits.

No other instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt of the registrant or its subsidiaries have been filed as Exhibits because no such instruments met the threshold materiality requirements under Regulation S-K. The registrant agrees, however, to furnish a copy of any such instruments to the Commission upon request.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  |  | ALCOA INC.
February 16, 2012 |  |  |  | By |  | /s/ Graeme W. Bottger
|  |  |  |  |  | Graeme W. Bottger
|  |  |  |  |  | Vice President and Controller (Also signing as Principal Accounting Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature |  | Title |  | Date
/s/ Klaus Kleinfeld Klaus Kleinfeld |  | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer and Director) |  | February 16, 2012
/s/ Charles D. McLane, Jr. Charles D. McLane, Jr. |  | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |  | February 16, 2012

Arthur D. Collins, Jr., Kathryn S. Fuller, Judith M. Gueron, Michael G. Morris, E. Stanley O’Neal, James W. Owens, Patricia F. Russo, Ratan N. Tata and Ernesto Zedillo, each as a Director, on February 16, 2012, by Donna C. Dabney, their Attorney-in-Fact.*

*By |  | /s/ Donna C. Dabney
|  | Donna C. Dabney Attorney-in-Fact

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