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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2012
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | E. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets The following table details the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill:
|  | Alumina |  |  | Primary Metals |  |  | Global Rolled Products |  |  | Engineered Products and Solutions |  |  | Corporate* |  |  | Total |
Balance at December 31, 2010: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 993 |  |  | $ | 207 |  |  | $ | 2,551 |  |  | $ | 1,293 |  |  | $ | 5,056 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | )
|  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 993 |  |  |  | 207 |  |  |  | 2,523 |  |  |  | 1,293 |  |  |  | 5,028 |
Acquisition of businesses |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 150 |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 150 |
Translation |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (12 | ) |  |  | (21 | )
Balance at December 31, 2011: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | 991 |  |  |  | 208 |  |  |  | 2,694 |  |  |  | 1,281 |  |  |  | 5,185 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | )
|  |  | 11 |  |  |  | 991 |  |  |  | 208 |  |  |  | 2,666 |  |  |  | 1,281 |  |  |  | 5,157 |
Acquisition of businesses |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (1 | )
Translation |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | 14 |
Balance at December 31, 2012: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill |  |  | 10 |  |  |  | 997 |  |  |  | 214 |  |  |  | 2,705 |  |  |  | 1,272 |  |  |  | 5,198 |
Accumulated impairment losses |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | ) |  |  | - |  |  |  | (28 | )
|  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | 997 |  |  | $ | 214 |  |  | $ | 2,677 |  |  | $ | 1,272 |  |  | $ | 5,170 |
* | As of December 31, 2012, $1,247 of the amount reflected in Corporate is allocated to each of Alcoa’s four reportable segments ($161 to Alumina, $751 to Primary Metals, $62 to Global Rolled Products, and $273 to Engineered Products and Solutions) included in the table above for purposes of impairment testing (see Note A). This goodwill is reflected in Corporate for segment reporting purposes because it is not included in management’s assessment of performance by the four reportable segments.
Other intangible assets, which are included in Other noncurrent assets on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet, were as follows:
December 31, 2012 |  | Gross carrying amount |  |  | Accumulated amortization |
Computer software |  | $ | 907 |  |  | $ | (664 | )
Patents and licenses |  |  | 133 |  |  |  | (88 | )
Other intangibles |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | (28 | )
Total amortizable intangible assets |  |  | 1,141 |  |  |  | (780 | )
Indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks |  |  | 46 |  |  |  | - |
Total other intangible assets |  | $ | 1,187 |  |  | $ | (780 | )
December 31, 2011 |  | Gross carrying amount |  |  | Accumulated amortization |
Computer software |  | $ | 902 |  |  | $ | (595 | )
Patents and licenses |  |  | 133 |  |  |  | (83 | )
Other intangibles* |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | (23 | )
Total amortizable intangible assets |  |  | 1,136 |  |  |  | (701 | )
Indefinite-lived trade names and trademarks* |  |  | 46 |  |  |  | - |
Total other intangible assets |  | $ | 1,182 |  |  | $ | (701 | )
* | In 2011, customer relationships were identified as an intangible asset ($31) related to the acquisition of an aerospace fastener business (see Note F) and were preliminarily classified as indefinite-lived in the table above. Upon the completion of the final valuation in 2012, it was determined that the customer relationships should have a finite life. As a result, the 2011 gross carrying amounts for indefinite-lived intangible assets and other intangible assets were revised to conform to the 2012 presentation.
Computer software consists primarily of software costs associated with an enterprise business solution (EBS) within Alcoa to drive common systems among all businesses. Amortization expense related to the intangible assets in the tables above for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 was $82, $86, and $86, respectively, and is expected to be in the range of approximately $80 to $90 annually from 2013 to 2017.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=7658586&loc=d3e16373-109275 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=7658586&loc=d3e16265-109275 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=7658586&loc=d3e16323-109275 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) -Number 142 -Paragraph 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47 -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy. Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=14024403&loc=d3e13854-109267 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -SubTopic 20 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=14024403&loc=d3e13816-109267 + Details
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