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Segment and Geographic Area Information | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Segment and Geographic Area Information | Segment and Geographic Area Information Howmet is a global leader in lightweight metals engineering and manufacturing. Howmet’s innovative, multi-material products, which include nickel, titanium, aluminum, and cobalt, are used worldwide in the aerospace (commercial and defense), commercial transportation, and industrial and other end markets. Segment performance under Howmet’s management reporting system is evaluated based on a number of factors; however, the primary measure of performance is Segment operating profit. Howmet’s definition of Segment operating profit is Operating income excluding Special items. Special items include Restructuring and Other charges and Impairment of Goodwill. Segment operating profit may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Differences between segment totals and consolidated Howmet are in Corporate. Following the Arconic Inc. Separation Transaction, Howmet’s operations consist of four worldwide reportable segments as follows: Engine Products Engine Products produces investment castings, including airfoils, and seamless rolled rings primarily for aircraft engines and industrial gas turbines. Engine Products produces rotating parts as well as structural parts. Fastening Systems Fastening Systems produces aerospace fastening systems, as well as commercial transportation fasteners. The business’s high-tech, multi-material fastening systems are found nose to tail on aircraft and aero engines. The business’s products are also critical components of automobiles, commercial transportation vehicles, and construction and industrial equipment. Engineered Structures Engineered Structures produces titanium ingots and mill products for aerospace and defense applications and is vertically integrated to produce titanium forgings, extrusions forming and machining services for airframe, wing, aero-engine, and landing gear components. Engineered Structures also produces aluminum forgings, nickel forgings, and aluminum machined components and assemblies for aerospace and defense applications. Forged Wheels Forged Wheels provides forged aluminum wheels and related products for heavy-duty trucks and the commercial transportation markets. Goodwill The Company had $4,102 of Goodwill at December 31, 2020, and the Company reviews it for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, or more frequently, if indicators exist or if a decision is made to sell or realign a business. On January 1, 2020, management transferred the Savannah business from the Engine Products segment to the Engineered Structures segment, based on synergies with forgings technologies and manufacturing capabilities. As a result of the reorganization, goodwill of $17 was reallocated from Engine Products to Engineered Structures, and these reporting units were evaluated for impairment during the first quarter of 2020. The estimated fair value of each of these reporting units substantially exceeded their carrying value; thus, there was no goodwill impairment at the date the business was transferred. During the first quarter of 2020, Howmet's market capitalization declined significantly compared to the fourth quarter of 2019. Over the same period, the equity value of our peer group companies, and the overall U.S. stock market also declined significantly amid market volatility. In addition, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and measures designed to contain the spread, global sales to customers in the aerospace and commercial transportation industries impacted by COVID-19 have been and are expected to be negatively impacted as a result of disruption in demand. As a result of these macroeconomic factors, we performed a qualitative impairment test to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of our reporting units is less than its carrying value. As a result of this assessment, the Company performed a quantitative impairment test in the first quarter for the Engineered Structures reporting unit and concluded that though the margin between the fair value of the reporting unit and carrying value had declined from approximately 60% to approximately 15%, it was not impaired. Consistent with prior practice, a discounted cash flow model was used to estimate the current fair value of the reporting unit. The significant assumptions and estimates utilized to determine fair value were developed utilizing current market and forecast information reflecting the disruption in demand that has and is expected to negatively impact the Company’s sales globally in the aerospace industry. If our actual results or external market factors decline significantly from management’s estimates, future goodwill impairment charges may be necessary and could be material. During the second and third quarters of 2020, there were no indicators of impairment identified for the Engineered Structures reporting unit. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (see Note A). Transactions among segments are established based on negotiation among the parties. Differences between segment totals and Howmet’s consolidated totals for line items not reconciled are in Corporate. The operating results and assets of the Company's reportable segments were as follows:
Year ended | Engine Products |  | Fastening Systems |  | Engineered Structures |  | Forged Wheels |  | Total Segment
2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Third-party sales | $ | 2,406 |  |  | $ | 1,245 |  |  | $ | 927 |  |  | $ | 679 |  |  | $ | 5,257 |
Inter-segment sales | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 12 |
Total sales | $ | 2,411 |  |  | $ | 1,245 |  |  | $ | 934 |  |  | $ | 679 |  |  | $ | 5,269 |
Profit and loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating profit | $ | 417 |  |  | $ | 247 |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | 153 |  |  | $ | 890 |
Restructuring and other charges | 36 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 28 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 106 |
Provision for depreciation and amortization | 123 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 52 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 262 |
Other: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | 158 |
Total Assets | $ | 4,756 |  |  | $ | 2,707 |  |  | $ | 1,444 |  |  | $ | 628 |  |  | $ | 9,535 |
2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Third-party sales | $ | 3,320 |  |  | $ | 1,561 |  |  | $ | 1,255 |  |  | $ | 969 |  |  | $ | 7,105 |
Inter-segment sales | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 13 |  |  | — |  |  | 24 |
Total sales | $ | 3,331 |  |  | $ | 1,561 |  |  | $ | 1,268 |  |  | $ | 969 |  |  | $ | 7,129 |
Profit and loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating profit | $ | 621 |  |  | $ | 396 |  |  | $ | 120 |  |  | $ | 253 |  |  | $ | 1,390 |
Restructuring and other charges | 297 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 199 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 506 |
Provision for depreciation and amortization | 131 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 269 |
Other: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures | $ | 211 |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 70 |  |  | $ | 344 |
Total Assets | $ | 5,445 |  |  | $ | 2,810 |  |  | $ | 1,151 |  |  | $ | 629 |  |  | $ | 10,035 |
2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Third-party sales | $ | 3,092 |  |  | $ | 1,531 |  |  | $ | 1,209 |  |  | $ | 966 |  |  | $ | 6,798 |
Inter-segment sales | 16 |  |  | — |  |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |
Total sales | $ | 3,108 |  |  | $ | 1,531 |  |  | $ | 1,228 |  |  | $ | 966 |  |  | $ | 6,833 |
Profit and loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Segment operating profit | $ | 464 |  |  | $ | 357 |  |  | $ | 64 |  |  | $ | 220 |  |  | $ | 1,105 |
Restructuring and other charges | 47 |  |  | 17 |  |  | (5) |  |  | — |  |  | 59 |
Provision for depreciation and amortization | 141 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 69 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 289 |
Other: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures | $ | 217 |  |  | $ | 47 |  |  | $ | 53 |  |  | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | 407 |
The following table reconciles Total segment capital expenditures, which are presented on an accrual basis, with Capital expenditures as presented on the statement of cash flows. Differences between segment and consolidated totals are in Corporate and discontinued operations, including the impact of changes in accrued capital expenditures during the period.
For the year ended December 31, |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Total segment capital expenditures |  | $ | 158 |  |  | $ | 344 |  |  | $ | 407 |
Corporate and discontinued operations |  | 109 |  |  | 297 |  |  | 361 |
Capital expenditures |  | $ | 267 |  |  | $ | 641 |  |  | $ | 768 |
The following tables reconcile certain segment information to consolidated totals:
For the year ended December 31, | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Sales: |  |  |  |  |
Total segment sales | $ | 5,269 |  |  | $ | 7,129 |  |  | $ | 6,833 |
Elimination of inter-segment sales | (12) |  |  | (24) |  |  | (35) |
Corporate | 2 |  |  | (7) |  |  | (20) |
Consolidated sales | $ | 5,259 |  |  | $ | 7,098 |  |  | $ | 6,778 |
For the year ended December 31, | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Total segment operating profit | $ | 890 |  |  | $ | 1,390 |  |  | $ | 1,105 |
Unallocated amounts: |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring and other charges | (182) |  |  | (582) |  |  | (163) |
Corporate expense | (82) |  |  | (229) |  |  | (167) |
Consolidated operating income | $ | 626 |  |  | $ | 579 |  |  | $ | 775 |
Interest expense | (381) |  |  | (338) |  |  | (377) |
Other (expense) income, net | (74) |  |  | (31) |  |  | 30 |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 171 |  |  | $ | 210 |  |  | $ | 428 |
December 31, | 2020 |  | 2019
Assets: |  |  |
Total segment assets | $ | 9,535 |  |  | $ | 10,035 |
Unallocated amounts: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 1,610 |  |  | 1,577 |
Deferred income taxes | 272 |  |  | 209 |
Corporate fixed assets, net | 140 |  |  | 135 |
Fair value of derivative contracts | 5 |  |  | 6 |
Discontinued operations | — |  |  | 5,341 |
Accounts receivable securitization | (241) |  |  | (61) |
Other | 122 |  |  | 320 |
Consolidated assets | $ | 11,443 |  |  | $ | 17,562 |
Segment assets include third party receivables while the accounts receivable securitization item includes the impact of sold receivables under the Company's Accounts Receivable securitization programs. (See Note M) Geographic information for sales was as follows (based upon the destination of the sale):
For the year ended December 31, | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Sales: |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 2,782 |  |  | $ | 3,534 |  |  | $ | 3,265 |
Japan | 388 |  |  | 480 |  |  | 462 |
France | 327 |  |  | 546 |  |  | 523 |
Germany | 309 |  |  | 385 |  |  | 385 |
United Kingdom | 231 |  |  | 420 |  |  | 438 |
Mexico | 185 |  |  | 277 |  |  | 252 |
Italy | 181 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 196 |
Canada | 119 |  |  | 179 |  |  | 155 |
Poland | 76 |  |  | 131 |  |  | 112 |
China | 75 |  |  | 168 |  |  | 165 |
Other | 586 |  |  | 783 |  |  | 825 |
| $ | 5,259 |  |  | $ | 7,098 |  |  | $ | 6,778 |
Geographic information for long-lived tangible assets was as follows (based upon the physical location of the assets):
December 31, | 2020 |  | 2019
Long-lived assets: |  |  |
United States | $ | 1,967 |  |  | $ | 2,025 |
Hungary | 213 |  |  | 202 |
France | 150 |  |  | 141 |
United Kingdom | 109 |  |  | 101 |
Germany | 78 |  |  | 82 |
Mexico | 62 |  |  | 57 |
China | 59 |  |  | 61 |
Canada | 44 |  |  | 43 |
Japan | 25 |  |  | 25 |
Other | 16 |  |  | 17 |
| $ | 2,723 |  |  | $ | 2,754 |
The following table disaggregates segment revenue by major end market served. Differences between total segment and consolidated totals are in Corporate.
| Engine Products |  | Fastening Systems |  | Engineered Structures |  | Forged Wheels |  | Total Segment
Year ended December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aerospace - Commercial | $ | 1,247 |  |  | $ | 808 |  |  | $ | 542 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,597 |
Aerospace - Defense | 557 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 303 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,016 |
Commercial Transportation | — |  |  | 155 |  |  | — |  |  | 679 |  |  | 834 |
Industrial and Other | 602 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 82 |  |  | — |  |  | 810 |
Total end-market revenue | $ | 2,406 |  |  | $ | 1,245 |  |  | $ | 927 |  |  | $ | 679 |  |  | $ | 5,257 |
Year ended December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aerospace - Commercial | $ | 2,229 |  |  | $ | 1,060 |  |  | $ | 897 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,186 |
Aerospace - Defense | 475 |  |  | 158 |  |  | 256 |  |  | — |  |  | 889 |
Commercial Transportation | 20 |  |  | 227 |  |  | — |  |  | 970 |  |  | 1,217 |
Industrial and Other | 596 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 102 |  |  | (1) |  |  | 813 |
Total end-market revenue | $ | 3,320 |  |  | $ | 1,561 |  |  | $ | 1,255 |  |  | $ | 969 |  |  | $ | 7,105 |
Year ended December 31, 2018 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Aerospace - Commercial | $ | 2,056 |  |  | $ | 1,069 |  |  | $ | 871 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,996 |
Aerospace - Defense | 373 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 233 |  |  | — |  |  | 726 |
Commercial Transportation | 48 |  |  | 229 |  |  | — |  |  | 969 |  |  | 1,246 |
Industrial and Other | 615 |  |  | 113 |  |  | 105 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 830 |
Total end-market revenue | $ | 3,092 |  |  | $ | 1,531 |  |  | $ | 1,209 |  |  | $ | 966 |  |  | $ | 6,798 |
The Company derived 69%, 71% and 70% of its revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, from aerospace end markets. General Electric Company represented approximately 11% of the Company’s third-party sales for the year ended December 31, 2020, primarily from

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 31 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8924-108599 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 34 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8981-108599 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 40 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e9031-108599 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (f) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 26 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8844-108599 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 41 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e9038-108599 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 22 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8736-108599 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 42 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e9054-108599 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8657-108599 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510 + Details
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