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Risk and Capital Management

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Note 32 – Risk and Capital Management

a) Corporate Governance

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING invests in sound processes for risk and capital management that permeates the whole institution and are the basis of all strategic decisions to ensure business sustainability.

These processes are aligned with the guidelines of the Board of Directors and Executive which, through collegiate bodies, define the global objectives expressed as targets and limits for the business units that manage risk. Control and capital management units, in turn, support ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING’s management by monitoring and analyzing risk and capital.

The Board of Directors is the main body responsible for establishing guidelines, policies and approval levels for risk and capital management. The Capital and Risk Management Committee (CGRC), in turn, is responsible for supporting the Board of Directors in managing capital and risk. At the executive level, collegiate bodies, presided over by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING, are responsible for capital and risk management, and their decisions are monitored by the CGRC.

Additionally, ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has collegiate bodies with capital and risk management responsibilities delegated to them, chaired by the Executive Vice-President of the Risk and Finance Department (ARF). To support this structure, ARF has departments to ensure, on an independent and centralized basis, that the institution’s risks and capital are managed in compliance with defined policies and procedures.

b) Risk Management

Risk Appetite

The risk appetite of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING is based on the Board of Director’s statement:

“We are a universal bank, operating mainly in Latin America. Supported by our risk culture, we insist on with strict ethical standards and regulatory compliance, seeking high and increasing returns, with low volatility, through lasting relationships with our customers, accurate risk pricing, widespread funding and proper use of capital.”

Based on this statement, five dimensions have been defined, each dimension consists of a set of metrics associated with the main risks involved, combining supplementary measurement methods, to give a comprehensive vision of our exposure.

The Board of Directors is responsible for approving guidelines and limits for risk appetite, with the support of CGRC and the CRO (Chief Risk Officer).

The limits for risk appetite are monitored regularly and reported to risk committees and to the Board of Directors, which will oversee the preventive measures to be taken to ensure that exposure is aligned with the strategies of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING.

The five dimensions of risk appetite are:

•

Capitalization:

establishes that ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING must have capital sufficient to face any serious recession period or a stress event without the need to adjust its capital structure under unfavorable circumstances. It is monitored by tracking ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING’s capital ratios, both in normal and stress scenarios, and of the ratings of the institution’s debt issues.

•

Liquidity:

establishes that the liquidity of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING must withstand long periods of stress. It is monitored tracking liquidity indicators.

•

Composition of results:

defines that business will be focused primarily on Latin America, where ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has a diversified base of customers and products, with low appetite for income volatility or for high risk. This dimension comprises aspects related to business, profitability, market risk and credit risk. By adopting exposure concentration limits, such as industry sectors, counterparty quality, countries and geographical regions and risk factors, these monitored metrics are intended to ensure well-adjusted portfolios, low income volatility and business sustainability.

•

Operational risk:

focuses on the control of operating risk events that may adversely impact business and operating strategy, and involves monitoring the main operational risk events and losses incurred.

•

Reputation:

addresses risks that may impact the institution’s brand value and reputation with customers, employees, regulatory bodies, investors and the general public. The risk monitoring in this dimension is carried out by tracking customer satisfaction or dissatisfaction and media exposure, in addition to monitoring the institution’s conduct.

Risk appetite, risk management and guidelines for employees of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING for routine decision-making purposes are based on:

•

Sustainability and customer satisfaction:

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING vision is to be the leading bank in sustainable performance and customer satisfaction and, accordingly, we are committed to creating shared value for staff, customers, stockholders and society, ensuring the continuity of the business. ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING is committed to doing business that is good both for the customer and the institution itself;

•

Risk Culture:

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING’s risk culture goes beyond policies, procedures or processes, reinforcing the individual and collective responsibility of all employees so that they will do the right thing at the right time and in the proper manner, respecting the ethical way of doing business;

•

Risk pricing:

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING’s acts and assumes risks in business which it knows and understands, avoiding those with which it is unfamiliar or that do not offer a competitive edge, and carefully assessing the risk-return ratio;

•

Diversification:

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has little appetite for volatility in earnings, and it therefore operates with a diverse base of customers, products and business, seeking to diversify risks and giving priority to lower risk business;

•

Operational excellence:

It is the wish of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING to be an agile bank, with a robust and stable infrastructure enabling us to offer top quality services;

•

Ethics and respect for regulations:

for ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING, ethics is

non-negotiable,

and it therefore promotes an institutional environment of integrity, encouraging staff to cultivate ethics in relationships and business and to respect the rules, thus caring for the institution’s reputation.

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has various ways of disseminating risk culture, based on four principles: conscious risk-taking, discussion of the risks the institution faces, the corresponding action taken, and the responsibility of everyone for managing risk.

These principles serve as a basis for ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING guidelines, helping employees to conscientiously understand, identify, measure, manage and mitigate risks.

1. Credit risk

The possibility of losses arising from failure by a borrower, issuer or counterparty to meet their financial obligations, the impairment of a loan due to downgrading of the risk rating of the borrower, the issuer or the counterparty, a decrease in earnings or remuneration, advantages conceded on renegotiation or the costs of recovery.

There is a credit risk control and management structure, centralized and independent from the business units, that provides for operating limits and risk mitigation mechanisms, and also establishes processes and tools to measure, monitor and control the credit risk inherent in all products, portfolio concentrations and impacts of potential changes in the economic environment.

The credit policy of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING is based on internal criteria such as: classification of customers, portfolio performance and changes, default levels, rate of return and economic capital allocated, and external factors such as interest rates, market default indicators, inflation, changes in consumption, and so on.

For personal customers and small and middle-market companies, credit rating is based on statistical application models (at the early stages of the relationship with a customer) and behavior score (used for customers with which ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING already has a relationship).

For large companies, the rating is based on information such as economic and financial condition of the counterparty, their cash-generating capability, the economic group to which they belong, and the current and prospective situation of the economic sector in which they operate. Credit proposals are analyzed on a case by case basis, through an approval-level mechanism.

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING strictly controls the credit exposure of customers and counterparties, taking action to address situations in which the current exposure exceeds what is desirable. For this purpose, measures provided for in loan agreements are available, such as accelerated maturity or a requirement for additional collateral.

1.1 Collateral and policies for mitigating credit risk

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING uses guarantees to increase its capacity for recovery in operations exposed to credit risk. The guarantees may be personal, secured, legal structures with mitigating power and offset agreements.

For collateral to be considered instruments that mitigate credit risk, they must comply with the requirements and standards that regulate them, both internal and external ones, and they must be legally valid (effective), enforceable, and assessed on a regular basis.

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING also uses credit derivatives, to mitigate credit risk of its portfolios of loans and securities. These instruments are priced based on models that use the fair value of market inputs, such as credit spreads, recovery rates, correlations and interest rates.

1.2 Policy for Provisioning and Economic Scenarios

Both the credit risk and the finance areas are responsible for defining the methods used to measure expected loan losses and for periodically assessing changes in the provision amounts.

These areas monitor the trends observed in provisions for expected credit losses by segment, in addition to establishing an initial understanding of the variables that may trigger changes in the allowance for loan losses, the probability of default (PD) or the loss given default (LGD).

Once the trends have been identified and an initial assessment of the variables has been made at the corporate level, the business areas are responsible for further analyzing these trends in more detail and for each segment, in order to understand the underlying reasons for the trends and to decide whether changes are required in credit policies.

Provisions for expected losses take into account the expected risk linked to contracts with similar characteristics and in anticipation of signs of deterioration, over a loss horizon suitable for the remaining period of the contract to maturity. For contracts of products with no determined termination date, average results of deterioration and default are used to determine the loss horizon.

Additionally, information on economic scenarios and public data with internal projections are used to determine and adjust the expected credit loss in line with expected macroeconomic realities.

1.3 Classification of Stages of Credit Impairment

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING uses customers’ internal information, statistic models, days of default and quantitative analysis in order to determine the credit status of portfolio agreements.

Rules for changing stages take into account lower and higher internal limits (quantitative criteria), in addition to the relative variation in the rating since the initial recognition. Information on days of delay, used on an absolute basis, is an important factor for the classification of stages, and after a certain credit status has been defined for an agreement, it is classified in one of the three stages of credit deterioration. Based on this classification, rules for measuring expected credit loss in each stage are used, as described in Note 2.4d.

For retail and middle market portfolios, ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING classifies loan agreements which are over 30 days overdue in stage 2, except payroll loans for government agency, for which the figure is 45 days, due to the payment dynamics for onlending.

For the Wholesale business portfolio, information on arrears is taken into account when allocating a rating.

Default parameters are: 90 days with no payments made

(*)

; debt restructuring; adjudication of bankruptcy; loss; and court-ordered restructuring.

(*)	For the real estate loans portfolio, the figure is 180 days with no payments made.

1.4 Maximum Exposure of Financial Assets to Credit Risk


	12/31/2019									12/31/2018
	Brazil			Abroad			Total			Brazil			Abroad			Total
Financial Assets		1,073,430			336,803			1,410,233			1,027,193			303,535			1,330,728
At Amortized Cost		755,773			254,871			1,010,644			756,993			237,766			994,759
Interbank deposits		10,620			23,963			34,583			6,239			20,181			26,420
Securities purchased under agreements to resell		197,157			1,271			198,428			279,353			783			280,136
Securities		114,046			19,073			133,119			90,234			20,161			110,395
Loan operations and lease operations		386,206			199,585			585,791			345,501			190,590			536,091
Other financial assets		75,968			18,784			94,752			61,875			13,215			75,090
(-) Provision for Expected Loss		(28,224	)		(7,805	)		(36,029	)		(26,209	)		(7,164	)		(33,373	)
At Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income		35,990			40,670			76,660			9,089			40,234			49,323
Securities		35,990			40,670			76,660			9,089			40,234			49,323
At Fair Value Through Profit or Loss		281,667			41,262			322,929			261,111			25,535			286,646
Securities		271,470			9,605			281,075			252,819			10,361			263,180
Derivatives		10,197			31,657			41,854			8,292			15,174			23,466
Financial liabilities - provision for expected loss		3,581			559			4,140			3,355			437			3,792
Loan Commitments		2,909			394			3,303			2,289			312			2,601
Financial Guarantees		672			165			837			1,066			125			1,191
Off balance sheet		338,262			48,893			387,155			300,522			49,173			349,695
Financial Guarantees		52,663			14,057			66,720			53,443			12,662			66,105
Letters of credit to be released		15,013			0			15,013			10,747			—			10,747
Loan commitments		270,586			34,836			305,422			236,332			36,511			272,843
Mortgage loans		5,536			0			5,536			3,403			—			3,403
Overdraft accounts		124,449			0			124,449			110,454			—			110,454
Credit cards		138,014			2,823			140,837			120,862			2,961			123,823
Other pre-approved limits		2,587			32,013			34,600			1,613			33,550			35,163

Total		1,408,111			385,137			1,793,248			1,324,360			352,271			1,676,631

Amounts shown for credit risk exposure are based on gross book value and do not take into account any collateral received or other added credit improvements.

The contractual amounts of financial guarantees and letters of credit cards represent the maximum potential of credit risk in the event that a counterparty does not meet the terms of the agreement. The vast majority of loan commitments (mortgage loans, overdraft accounts and other

pre-approved

limits) mature without being drawn, since they are renewed monthly and can be cancelled unilaterally.

As a result, the total contractual amount does not represent our real future exposure to credit risk or the liquidity needs arising from such commitments.

1.4.1. By business sector

Loans and Financial Lease Operations


	12/31/2019		%		12/31/2018		%
Industry and commerce		129,998		22.2		115,225		21.5
Services		126,718		21.6		119,487		22.3
Other sectors		26,693		4.6		29,388		5.5
Individuals		302,382		51.6		271,991		50.7

Total		585,791		100.0		536,091		100.0

Other financial assets

(*)


	12/31/2019		%		12/31/2018		%
Public sector		562,485		73.5		580,392		77.1
Services		59,193		7.7		62,383		8.3
Other sectors		45,744		6.0		28,649		3.8
Financial		98,297		12.8		81,496		10.8

Total		765,719		100.0		752,920		100.0

(*)	Includes Financial Assets at Fair Value through Profit and Loss, Financial Assets at Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income and Financial Assets at Amortized Cost, except for Loan Operations and Lease Operations Portfolio and Other Financial Assets.

The exposure of Off Balance financial instruments (Financial Collaterals and Loan Commitments) is neither categorized nor managed by business sector.

1.4.2 By type and classification of credit risk

Operations and lease operations


12/31/2019
	Stage 1												Stage 2												Stage 3												Total Consolidated of 3 stages
	Loans Operations			Loan commitments			Financial Guarantees			Total			Loans Operations			Loan commitments			Financial Guarantees			Total			Loans Operations			Loan commitments			Financial Guarantees			Total			Loans Operations			Loan commitments			Financial Guarantees			Total
Individuals		199,907			197,717			861			398,485			19,070			6,437			0			25,507			21,513			763			0			22,276			240,490			204,917			861			446,268
Corporate		95,823			17,233			45,866			158,922			956			16			200			1,172			8,523			102			3,422			12,047			105,302			17,351			49,488			172,141
Micro/Small and medium companies		73,347			49,485			3,671			126,503			7,180			2,384			38			9,602			5,693			190			44			5,927			86,220			52,059			3,753			142,032
Foreign loans - Latin America		132,812			29,842			12,087			174,741			14,714			1,166			424			16,304			6,253			87			107			6,447			153,779			31,095			12,618			197,492

Total		501,889			294,277			62,485			858,651			41,920			10,003			662			52,585			41,982			1,142			3,573			46,697			585,791			305,422			66,720			957,933

%		58.5	%		34.3	%		7.2	%		100.0	%		79.7	%		19.0	%		1.3	%		100.0	%		89.9	%		2.4	%		7.7	%		100.0	%		61.1	%		31.9	%		7.0	%		100.0	%


	12/31/2018
	Stage 1												Stage 2												Stage 3												Total Consolidated of 3 stages
	Loans Operations			Loan commitments			Financial Guarantees			Total			Loans Operations			Loan commitments			Financial Guarantees			Total			Loans Operations			Loan commitments			Financial Guarantees			Total			Loans Operations			Loan commitments			Financial Guarantees			Total
Individuals		177,488			174,666			1,014			353,168			17,029			6,784			—			23,813			18,047			687			—			18,734			212,564			182,137			1,014			395,715
Corporate		90,716			16,054			45,361			152,131			2,222			83			1,681			3,986			9,705			143			4,148			13,996			102,643			16,280			51,190			170,113
Micro/Small and medium companies		57,099			40,105			2,472			99,676			5,875			1,834			69			7,778			5,838			185			94			6,117			68,812			42,124			2,635			113,571
Foreign loans - Latin America		134,323			29,090			10,842			174,255			11,768			2,969			395			15,132			5,981			243			29			6,253			152,072			32,302			11,266			195,640

Total		459,626			259,915			59,689			779,230			36,894			11,670			2,145			50,709			39,571			1,258			4,271			45,100			536,091			272,843			66,105			875,039

%		59.0	%		33.3	%		7.7	%		100.0	%		72.8	%		23.0	%		4.2	%		100.0	%		87.7	%		2.8	%		9.5	%		100.0	%		61.3	%		31.1	%		7.6	%		100.0	%


Internal Rating	12/31/2019								12/31/2018
Internal Rating	Stage 1		Stage 2		Stage 3		Total loans		Stage 1		Stage 2		Stage 3		Total loans
Lower Risk		420,936		4,204		0		425,140		385,846		4,536		—		390,382
Satisfactory		80,106		17,871		0		97,977		72,921		19,723		—		92,644
Higher Risk		847		19,845		0		20,692		859		12,635		—		13,494
Credit-Impaired		0		0		41,982		41,982		—		—		39,571		39,571

Total		501,889		41,920		41,982		585,791		459,626		36,894		39,571		536,091

%		85.6		7.2		7.2		100.0		85.7		6.9		7.4		100.0

Other financial assets


	12/31/2019
			Stage 1				Stage 2				Stage 3
	Fair Value		Cost		Fair Value		Cost		Fair Value		Cost		Fair Value
Investment funds		8,267		8,322		8,062		0		0		955		205
Government securities		366,998		364,078		366,998		0		0		0		0
Brazilian government		327,681		324,637		327,681		0		0		0		0
Other countries		39,317		39,405		39,317		0		0		0		0
Argentina		318		349		318		0		0		0		0
United States		2,977		2,979		2,977		0		0		0		0
Mexico		7,820		7,820		7,820		0		0		0		0
Italy		329		328		329		0		0		0		0
Spain		4,984		4,984		4,984		0		0		0		0
Korea		3,427		3,427		3,427		0		0		0		0
Chile		12,317		12,227		12,317		0		0		0		0
Paraguay		1,782		1,959		1,782		0		0		0		0
Uruguay		710		716		710		0		0		0		0
Colombia		4,622		4,585		4,622		0		0		0		0
Peru		8		8		8		0		0		0		0
Germany		23		23		23		0		0		0		0
Corporate debt securities		112,936		109,169		108,685		637		402		6,784		3,849
Rural product note		5,341		5,122		5,114		62		58		204		169
Real estate receivables certificates		7,312		7,253		7,280		10		11		20		21
Bank deposit certificate		3,217		3,217		3,217		0		0		0		0
Debentures		51,510		47,751		47,607		336		283		6,311		3,620
Eurobonds and other		5,732		5,671		5,704		29		28		0		0
Financial bills		18,514		18,517		18,514		0		0		0		0
Promissory notes		5,311		5,314		5,311		0		0		0		0
Other		15,999		16,324		15,938		200		22		249		39

Total		488,201		481,569		483,745		637		402		7,739		4,054


	12/31/2018
			Stage 1				Stage 2				Stage 3
	Fair Value		Cost		Fair Value		Cost		Fair Value		Cost		Fair Value
Investment funds		4,326		4,335		4,129		—		—		918		197
Government securities		327,720		325,734		327,546		232		174		—		—
Brazilian government		300,172		298,120		299,998		232		174		—		—
Other countries		27,548		27,614		27,548		—		—		—		—
Argentina		1,129		1,121		1,129		—		—		—		—
United States		2,754		2,770		2,754		—		—		—		—
Mexico		2,378		2,378		2,378		—		—		—		—
Italy		115		115		115		—		—		—		—
Spain		2,411		2,411		2,411		—		—		—		—
Korea		1,385		1,385		1,385		—		—		—		—
Chile		8,211		8,204		8,211		—		—		—		—
Paraguay		1,530		1,602		1,530		—		—		—		—
Uruguay		652		656		652		—		—		—		—
Colombia		6,065		6,054		6,065		—		—		—		—
France		891		891		891		—		—		—		—
Germany		22		22		22		—		—		—		—
Other		5		5		5		—		—		—		—
Corporate debt securities		87,206		82,438		82,301		3,908		2,937		4,957		1,968
Rural product note		4,003		3,855		3,848		—		—		326		155
Real estate receivables certificates		10,926		10,419		10,436		55		55		793		435
Bank deposit certificate		2,145		2,145		2,145		0		—		—		—
Debentures		30,950		27,306		27,068		3,323		2,557		3,563		1,325
Eurobonds and other		6,895		6,950		6,895		0		—		—		—
Financial bills		19,724		19,724		19,724		0		—		—		—
Promissory notes		1,490		1,465		1,463		15		15		24		12
Other		11,073		10,574		10,722		515		310		251		41

Total		419,252		412,507		413,976		4,140		3,111		5,875		2,165

Other Financial Assets—Internal Classification by Level of Risk


	12/31/2019
	Financial Assets - At Amortized Cost
Internal rating	Interbank deposits and securities purchased under agreements to resell		Securities		Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss at fair value (*)		Financial Assets Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income		Total
Low		233,011		127,251		321,595		76,660		758,517
Medium		0		3,721		952		0		4,673
High		0		2,147		382		0		2,529

Total		233,011		133,119		322,929		76,660		765,719

%		30.4		17.4		42.2		10.0		100.0

(*)	Includes Derivatives in the amount of R$ 41,854 at 12/31/2019.


	12/31/2018
	Financial Assets - At Amortized Cost
Internal rating	Interbank deposits and securities purchased under agreements to resell		Securities		Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss at fair value (*)		Financial Assets Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income		Total
Low		306,556		103,157		284,896		49,323		743,932
Medium		—		3,645		1,340		—		4,985
High		—		3,593		410		—		4,003

Total		306,556		110,395		286,646		49,323		752,920

%		40.6		14.7		38.1		6.6		100.0

(*)	Includes Derivatives in the amount of R$ 23,466 at 12/31/2018.

1.4.3 Collateral for loans and financial lease operations


	12/31/2019								12/31/2018
	Over-collateralized assets				Under-collateralized assets				Over-collateralized assets				Under-collateralized assets
	Carrying value of the assets		Fair value of collateral		Carrying value of the assets		Fair value of collateral		Carrying value of the assets		Fair value of collateral		Carrying value of the assets		Fair value of collateral
Individuals		65,921		170,045		1,997		1,867		57,842		145,775		1,054		993
Personal (1)		978		2,982		857		819		643		1,949		753		711
Vehicles (2)		17,720		37,355		1,102		1,020		15,173		35,266		298		280
Mortgage loans (3)		47,223		129,708		38		28		42,026		108,560		3		2
Very small, small and middle-market companies and corporates (4)		115,608		311,043		11,097		6,142		112,508		293,724		13,870		10,267
Foreign loans - Latin America (4)		123,367		222,300		7,348		2,841		117,094		246,462		11,242		3,758
Total		304,896		703,388		20,442		10,850		287,444		685,961		26,166		15,018

(1)	In general requires financial collaterals.

(2)	Vehicles themselves are pledged as collateral, as well as assets leased in lease operations.

(3)	Properties themselves are pledged as collateral.

(4)	Any collateral set forth in the credit policy of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING (chattel mortgage, surety/joint debtor, mortgage and others).

Of total loans and financial lease operations R$ 260,453 (R$ 222,481 at 12/31/2018) represented unsecured loans.

1.4.4 Repossessed assets

Assets received from the foreclosure of loans, including real estate, are initially recorded at the lower of: (i) the fair value of the asset less the estimated selling expenses, or (ii) the carrying amount of the loan.

Further impairment of assets is recorded as a provision, with a corresponding charge to income. The maintenance costs of these assets are expensed as incurred.

The policy for sales of these assets includes periodic auctions that are announced to the market in advance, and provides that the assets cannot be held for more than one year, as stipulated by BACEN.

Total assets repossessed in the period were R$ 390 (R$ 657 from 01/01 to 12/31/2018), mainly composed of real estate.

2. Market risk

The possibility of incurring financial losses from changes in the market value of positions held by a financial institution, including the risks of transactions subject to fluctuations in currency rates, interest rates, share prices, price indexes and commodity prices.

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING’s market risk management strategy is aimed at balancing corporate business goals, taking into account, among other things, political, economic and market conditions, the portfolio profile and the ability to operate in specific markets.

Market risk is controlled by an area independent from the business areas, which is responsible for the daily activities of (i) risk measurement and assessment, (ii) monitoring of stress scenarios, limits and alerts, (iii) application, analysis and testing of stress scenarios, (iv) risk reporting to those responsible within the business areas, in compliance with the governance of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING, (v) monitoring of actions required to adjust positions and risk levels to make them realistic, and (vi) providing support for the safe launch of new financial products.

The National Monetary Council (CMN) has regulations governing the segregation of exposure to market risk into risk factors, such as: interest rate, exchange rate, equities and commodities. Brazilian inflation indexes are treated as a group of risk indicators and limits are managed in the same way as for the other indicators.

The structure of limits and alerts obeys the Board of Directors’ guidelines, and it is reviewed and approved on an annual basis. This structure has specific limits aimed at improving the process of monitoring and understanding risk, and at avoiding concentration. These limits are quantified by assessing the forecast balance sheet results, the size of stockholders’ equity, market liquidity, complexity and volatility, and ITAU UNIBANCO HOLDING’s appetite for risk.

In order to operate within the defined limits, ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING hedges transactions with customers and proprietary positions, including its foreign investments. Derivatives are commonly used for these hedging activities, which can be either accounting or economic hedges, both governed by the institutional polices of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING.

The market risk structure categorizes transactions as part of either the banking portfolio or the trading portfolio, in accordance with general criteria established by CMN Resolution 4,557, of February 23, 2017, and BACEN Circular 3,354, of June 27, 2007. The trading portfolio consists of all transactions involving financial instruments and commodities, including derivatives, which are held for trading. The banking portfolio is basically characterized by transactions for the banking business, and transactions related to the management of the balance sheet of the institution, where there is no intention of sale and time horizons are medium and long term.

Market risk management is based on the following metrics:

•

Value at risk (VaR): a statistical measure that estimates the expected maximum potential economic loss under normal market conditions, considering a certain time horizon and confidence level;

•

Losses in stress scenarios (Stress Testing): simulation technique to assess the behavior of assets, liabilities and derivatives of a portfolio when several risk factors are taken to extreme market situations (based on prospective and historical scenarios);

•

Stop loss: metrics used to revise positions, should losses accumulated in a fixed period reach a certain level;

•

Concentration: cumulative exposure of a certain financial instrument or risk factor, calculated at market value (MtM – Marked to Market); and

•

Stressed VaR: statistical metric derived from the VaR calculation, with the purpose is of simulating higher risk in the trading portfolio, taking returns that can be seen in past scenarios of extreme volatility.

Management of interest rate risk in the Banking Book (IRRBB) is based on the following metrics:

•

EVE: difference between the present value of the sum of repricing flows of instruments subject to IRRBB in a base scenario and the present value of the sum of repricing flows of these instruments in a scenario of interest rate shock;

•

NII: difference between the result of financial intermediation of instruments subject to IRRBB in a base scenario and the result of financial intermediation of these instruments in a scenario of shock in interest rates.

In addition, sensitivity and loss control measures are also analyzed. They include:

•

Mismatching analysis (GAPS): accumulated exposure by risk factor of cash flows expressed at market value, allocated at the maturity dates;

•

Sensitivity (DV01- Delta Variation): impact on the market value of cash flows, when submitted to an one annual basis point increase in the current interest rates or index rate;

•

Sensitivity to Sundry Risk Factors (Greeks): partial derivatives of an option portfolio in relation to the prices of underlying assets, implied volatilities, interest rates and time.

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING uses proprietary systems to measure the consolidated market risk. The processing of these systems occurs in a high-availability access-controlled environment, which has data storage and recovery processes and an infrastructure that ensures business continuity in contingency (disaster recovery) situations.

2.1 VaR - Consolidated ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING

Is calculated by Historical Simulation, i.e. the expected distribution for profits and losses (P&L) of a portfolio over time can be estimated from past behavior of returns of market risk factors for this portfolio. VaR is calculated at a confidence level of 99%, historical period of 4 years (1000 business days) and a holding period of one day. In addition, in a conservative approach, VaR is calculated daily, with and without volatility weighting, and the final VaR is the more restrictive of the values given by the two methods.

From January 1 to December 31, 2019, the average total VaR in Historical Simulation was R$ 333.7 or 0.24% of total stockholders’ equity (R$ 399.3 or 0.29% of total stockholders’ equity from 01/01 to 12/31/2018).


	VaR Total (Historical Simulation) (Reais million)
	12/31/2019 (*)									12/31/2018 (*)
	Average		Minimum		Maximum		Var Total			Average		Minimum		Maximum		Var Total
VaR by risk factor group
Interest rates		815.7		651.6		959.7		813.1			851.4		720.0		1,042.9		898.4
Currencies		27.6		10.9		59.2		10.9			24.7		12.7		45.2		37.3
Shares		30.2		13.5		57.4		29.4			39.2		23.6		58.5		50.1
Commodities		1.8		0.5		4.7		1.0			1.6		0.6		3.1		1.0
Effect of diversification		0		0		0		(576.1	)		—		—		—		(605.3	)

Total risk		333.7		208.7		471.9		278.3			399.3		294.7		603.6		381.5

(*)	VaR by Group of Risk Factors considers information from foreign units.

2.1.1 Interest rate risk

The table below shows the accounting position of financial assets and liabilities exposed to interest rate risk, distributed by maturity (remaining contractual terms). This table is not used directly to manage interest rate risks; it is mostly used to permit the assessment of mismatching between accounts and products associated thereto and to identify possible risk concentration.


	12/31/2019																	12/31/2018
	0-30 days			31-180 days			181-365 days			1-5 years			Over 5 years			Total		0-30 days			31-180 days			181-365 days			1-5 years			Over 5 years			Total
Financial assets		264,750			382,751			141,277			443,579			203,328			1,435,685		277,165			394,168			100,598			404,069			197,904			1,373,904
Compulsory deposits in the Central Bank of Brazil		86,836			0			0			0			0			86,836		88,549			—			—			—			—			88,549
At amortized cost		135,190			354,893			102,649			244,862			111,666			949,260		163,574			367,544			78,314			219,186			120,768			949,386
Interbank deposits		23,337			4,448			3,290			3,474			32			34,581		19,181			4,815			1,730			688			—			26,414
Securities purchased under agreements to resell		22,617			175,643			0			0			162			198,422		64,677			215,352			—			12			91			280,132
Securities		1,290			13,659			14,817			56,178			44,522			130,466		1,007			7,320			5,792			50,969			41,661			106,749
Loan and lease operations		87,946			161,143			84,542			185,210			66,950			585,791		78,709			140,057			70,792			167,517			79,016			536,091
At fair value through other comprehensive income		2,464			4,524			3,284			46,456			19,932			76,660		1,915			4,743			4,026			21,649			16,990			49,323
At fair value through profit and loss		40,260			23,334			35,344			152,261			71,730			322,929		23,127			21,881			18,258			163,234			60,146			286,646
Securities		33,262			15,420			32,299			137,612			62,482			281,075		19,140			17,810			15,945			154,171			56,114			263,180
Derivatives		6,998			7,914			3,045			14,649			9,248			41,854		3,987			4,071			2,313			9,063			4,032			23,466
Financial liabilities		517,305			113,511			72,484			305,933			84,995			1,094,228		514,263			89,354			70,062			319,392			60,367			1,053,438
At amortized cost		510,642			104,398			69,362			284,946			76,851			1,046,199		511,091			85,271			67,227			304,939			57,199			1,025,727
Deposits		272,447			38,873			22,877			154,032			18,831			507,060		248,913			36,856			22,063			146,288			9,304			463,424
Securities sold under repurchase agreements		218,055			4,121			1,700			13,309			19,398			256,583		254,052			9,713			7,756			40,877			17,839			330,237
Interbank market funds		19,086			51,776			39,155			63,180			1,665			174,862		7,438			33,869			31,869			58,375			3,119			134,670
Institutional market funds		600			8,472			4,763			53,452			36,957			104,244		314			3,631			4,579			58,513			26,937			93,974
Capitalization plans		454			1,156			867			973			0			3,450		374			1,202			960			886			—			3,422
At fair value through profit and loss		6,663			9,113			3,122			20,987			8,144			48,029		3,172			4,083			2,835			14,453			3,168			27,711
Derivatives		6,653			9,100			3,096			20,906			8,073			47,828		3,168			4,070			2,815			14,360			3,106			27,519
Structured notes Difference assets / liabilities (*)		10 (252,555	)		13 269,240			26 68,793			81 137,646			71 118,333			201 341,457		4 (237,098	)		13 304,814			20 30,536			93 84,677			62 137,537			192 320,466
Cumulative difference		(252,555	)		16,685			85,478			223,124			341,457					(237,098	)		67,716			98,252			182,929			320,466
Ratio of cumulative difference to total interest-bearing assets		(17.6	%)		1.2	%		6.0	%		15.5	%		23.8	%				(17.3	%)		4.9	%		7.2	%		13.3	%		23.3	%

(*)	The difference arises from the mismatch between the maturities of all remunerated assets and liabilities, at the respective period-end date, considering the contractually agreed terms.

2.1.2 Currency risk

The purpose of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING’s management of foreign exchange exposure is to mitigate the effects arising from variation in foreign exchange rates, which may present high- volatility periods.

The currency (or foreign exchange) risk arises from positions that are sensitive to oscillations in foreign exchange rates. These positions may be originated by financial instruments that are denominated in a currency other than the functional currency in which the balance sheet is measured or through positions in derivative instruments (for negotiation or hedge). Sensitivity to currency risk is disclosed in the table VaR Total (Historical Simulation) described in item 2.1 – VaR Consolidated – ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING.

2.1.3 Share Price Risk

The exposure to share price risk is disclosed in Note 5, related to Financial Assets Through Profit or Loss—Securities, and Note 8, related to Financial Assets at Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income—Securities.

3. Liquidity risk

The possibility that the institution may be unable to efficiently meet its expected and unexpected obligations, both current and future, including those arising from guarantees issued, without affecting its daily operations and without incurring significant losses.

Liquidity risk is controlled by an area independent from the business area and responsible for establishing the reserve composition, estimating the cash flow and exposure to liquidity risk in different time horizons, and for monitoring the minimum limits to absorb losses in stress scenarios for each country where ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING operates. All activities are subject to verification by independent validation, internal control and audit areas.

Liquidity management policies and limits are based on prospective scenarios and senior management’s guidelines. These scenarios are reviewed on a periodic basis, by analyzing the need for cash due to atypical market conditions or strategic decisions by ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING.

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING manages and controls liquidity risk on a daily basis, using procedures approved in superior committees, including the adoption of liquidity minimum limits, sufficient to absorb possible cash losses in stress scenarios, measured with the use of internal and regulatory methods.

Additionally the following items for monitoring and supporting decisions are periodically prepared and submitted to senior management:

•

Different scenarios projected for changes in liquidity;

•

Contingency plans for crisis situations;

•

Reports and charts that describe the risk positions;

•

Assessment of funding costs and alternative sources of funding;

•

Monitoring of changes in funding through a constant control of sources of funding, considering the type of investor, maturities and other factors.

3.1 Primary sources of funding

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has different sources of funding, of which a significant portion is from the retail segment. Of total customers’ funds, 38.7% or R$ 277.0 billion, are immediately available to customers. However, the historical behavior of the accumulated balance of the two largest items in this group – demand and savings deposits—is relatively consistent with the balances increasing over time and inflows exceeding outflows for monthly average amounts.


Funding from customers	12/31/2019						12/31/2018
Funding from customers	0-30 days		Total		%		0-30 days		Total		%
Deposits		272,447		507,060		0		248,913		463,424		—
Demand deposits		82,306		82,306		11.5		72,581		72,581		11.2
Savings deposits		144,558		144,558		20.2		136,865		136,865		21.2
Time deposits		44,855		277,166		38.8		37,784		251,300		38.9
Other		728		3,030		0.4		1,683		2,678		0.4
Proceeds of acceptances and securities issues (1)		4,293		143,569		20.1		2,285		111,566		17.3
Funds from own issue (2)		235		5,258		0.7		1,831		21,417		3.3
Subordinated debt		2		59,462		8.3		2		49,313		7.6
Total		276,977		715,349		100.0		253,031		645,720		100.0

(1)	Includes mortgage notes, guaranteed real estate credit bills, agribusiness, financial recorded in interbank markets funds and Obligations on the issue of debentures, Securities abroad and strutured operations certificates recorded in Institutional Markets Funds.

(2)	Refer to deposits received under securities repurchase agreements with securities from own issue.

3.2 Control over liquidity

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING manages its liquidity reserves based on estimates of funds that will be available for investment, assuming the continuity of business in normal conditions.

During the period of 2019, ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING maintained sufficient levels of liquidity in Brazil and abroad. Liquid assets totaled R$ 172.9 billion and accounted for 62.4% of the short term redeemable obligations, 24.2% of total funding, and 16.6% of total assets.

The table below shows the indicators used by ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING in the management of liquidity risk:


Liquidity indicators	12/31/2019		12/31/2018
Liquidity indicators	%		%
Net assets (1) / customers funds within 30 days (2)		62.4		62.7
Net assets (1) / total customers funds (3)		24.2		24.6
Net assets (1) / total financial assets (4)		16.6		15.8

(1)	Net assets (present value): Cash and cash equivalents, Securities purchased under agreements to resell – Funded position and Government securities—available. Detailed in the table Non discounted future flows – Financial assets;

(2)	Table Funding from customers table (Total Funding from customers 0-30 days);

(3)	Table funding from customers (Total funding from customers);

(4)	Detailed in the table Non discounted future flows – Financial assets, total present value regards R$ 1,040,865 (R$ 1,001,240 at 12/31/2018).

Assets and liabilities according to their remaining contractual maturities, considering their undiscounted flows, are presented below:


Undiscounted future flows, except for derivatives which are fair value	12/31/2019										12/31/2018
Financial assets (1)	0 - 30 days		31 - 365 days		366 - 720 days		Over 720 days		Total		0 - 30 days		31 - 365 days		366 - 720 days		Over 720 days		Total
Cash and cash equivalents		30,367		0		0		0		30,367		37,159		—		—		—		37,159
Interbank investments		69,756		151,497		1,444		1,191		223,888		115,278		182,606		468		322		298,674
Securities purchased under agreements to resell—Collateral held (2)		26,797		0		0		0		26,797		45,335		—		—		—		45,335
Securities purchased under agreements to resell—Collateral repledge		17,871		144,234		0		0		162,105		50,741		175,857		—		10		226,608
Interbank deposits (4)		25,088		7,263		1,444		1,191		34,986		19,202		6,749		468		312		26,731
Securities		131,195		17,669		19,846		108,011		276,721		82,144		17,255		17,853		98,531		215,783
Government securities—available		111,487		300		302		4,763		116,852		72,026		292		292		5,315		77,925
Government securities—under repurchase commitments		7,744		6,616		12,445		25,366		52,171		52		6,321		12,671		32,811		51,855
Private securities—available		11,964		10,181		4,967		56,839		83,951		10,066		9,406		4,185		49,003		72,660
Private securities—under repurchase commitments		0		572		2,132		21,043		23,747		—		1,236		705		11,402		13,343
Derivative financial instruments - Net position		6,998		10,959		5,355		18,542		41,854		3,987		6,384		4,069		9,026		23,466
Swaps		107		4,039		4,464		17,848		26,458		705		1,139		2,894		8,355		13,093
Options		4,696		3,043		500		217		8,456		1,167		1,890		975		183		4,215
Forwards (onshore)		940		1,207		15		0		2,162		893		942		—		—		1,835
Other derivatives financial instruments		1,255		2,670		376		477		4,778		1,222		2,413		200		488		4,323
Loans and financial operations (3)		63,401		197,090		93,203		236,982		590,676		68,829		166,503		88,138		241,919		565,389

Total financial assets		301,717		377,215		119,848		364,726		1,163,506		307,397		372,748		110,528		349,798		1,140,471

(1)

The assets portfolio does not take into consideration the balance of compulsory deposits in Central Bank, amounting to R$ 91,248 (R$ 94,148 at 12/31/2018), which release of funds is linked to the maturity of the liability portfolios. The amounts of PGBL and VGBL are not considered in the assets portfolio because they are covered in Note 26.

(2)	Net of R$ 8,544 (R$ 5,120 at 12/31/2018) which securities are linked to guarantee transactions at B3 S.A. - Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão and the BACEN.

(3)	Net of payment to merchants of R$ 69,050 (R$ 60,504 at 12/31/2018) and the amount of liabilities from transactions related to credit assignments R$ 2,451 (R$ 3,993 at 12/31/2018).

(4)	Includes R$ 18,938 (R$ 15,886 at 12/31/2018) related to Compulsory Deposits with Central Banks of other countries.


Undiscounted future flows, except for derivatives which are fair value	12/31/2019															12/31/2018
Financial liabilities	0 – 30 days			31 – 365 days			366 – 720 days			Over 720 days			Total			0 – 30 days			31 – 365 days			366 – 720 days			Over 720 days			Total
Deposits		266,690			69,367			20,555			211,531			568,143			246,729			62,909			16,674			191,131			517,443
Demand deposits		82,306			0			0			0			82,306			72,581			—			—			—			72,581
Savings deposits		144,558			0			0			0			144,558			136,865			—			—			—			136,865
Time deposit		37,570			68,757			20,502			211,395			338,224			35,450			62,185			16,647			190,984			305,266
Interbank deposits		2,247			610			53			136			3,046			1,830			724			27			147			2,728
Other deposits		9			0			0			0			9			3			—			—			—			3
Compulsory deposits		(38,576	)		(14,067	)		(4,110	)		(34,495	)		(91,248	)		(39,116	)		(15,228	)		(3,831	)		(35,973	)		(94,148	)
Demand deposits		(4,412	)		0			0			0			(4,412	)		(5,600	)		—			—			—			(5,600	)
Savings deposits		(26,234	)		0			0			0			(26,234	)		(24,695	)		—			—			—			(24,695	)
Time deposit		(7,930	)		(14,067	)		(4,110	)		(34,495	)		(60,602	)		(8,821	)		(15,228	)		(3,831	)		(35,973	)		(63,853	)
Securities sold under repurchase agreements (1)		246,499			6,509			5,218			17,585			275,811			275,395			16,557			10,933			42,349			345,234
Government securities		200,499			344			1,720			17,553			220,116			232,776			2,856			7,353			38,752			281,737
Private securities		17,978			2,810			3,498			32			24,318			10,910			13,701			3,580			3,597			31,788
Foreign		28,022			3,355			0			0			31,377			31,709			—			—			—			31,709
Proceeds of acceptances and securities issues (2)		4,335			47,697			39,505			67,435			158,972			2,189			32,950			39,077			53,626			127,842
Loans and onlending obligations (3)		6,368			65,182			6,259			7,462			85,271			6,304			45,668			11,541			11,840			75,353
Subordinated debt (4)		251			6,594			11,794			53,745			72,384			154			2,658			6,264			52,453			61,529
Derivative financial instruments—Net position		6,653			12,196			9,458			19,521			47,828			3,168			6,885			5,672			11,794			27,519
Swaps		326			5,218			8,349			19,034			32,927			923			3,018			4,687			10,888			19,516
Option		3,668			4,567			571			255			9,061			883			1,935			823			288			3,929
Forward (onshore)		753			1			0			0			754			470			—			—			—			470
Other derivative financial instruments		1,906			2,410			538			232			5,086			892			1,932			162			618			3,604

Total financial liabilities		492,220			193,478			88,679			342,784			1,117,161			494,823			152,399			86,330			327,220			1,060,772

(1)	Includes own and third parties’ portfolios.

(2)	Includes mortgage notes, Guaranteed real estate notes, agribusiness, financial recorded in interbank market funds and Obligations on issue of debentures, Securities abroad and Structured Transactions certificates recorded in institutional markets funds.

(3)	Recorded in funds from interbank markets.

(4)	Recorded in funds from institutional markets.


	12/31/2019										12/31/2018
Off balance commitments	0 – 30 days		31 – 365 days		366 – 720 days		Over 720 days		Total		0 – 30 days		31 – 365 days		366 – 720 days		Over 720 days		Total
Financial Guarantees		1,286		19,447		9,359		36,628		66,720		1,305		17,314		5,509		41,977		66,105
Commitments to be released		125,664		22,818		7,064		149,876		305,422		110,909		25,977		5,796		130,161		272,843
Letters of credit to be released		15,013		0		0		0		15,013		10,747		—		—		—		10,747
Contractual commitments—Fixed and Intangible assets (Notes 13 and 14)		0		273		0		0		273		—		405		273		—		678

Total		141,963		42,538		16,423		186,504		387,428		122,961		43,696		11,578		172,138		350,373

c) Capital Management Governance

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING is subject to the regulations of BACEN, which determines minimum capital requirements, procedures to obtain information to assess the global systemic importance of banks, fixed asset limits, loan limits and accounting practices, and requires banks to conform to the regulations based on the Basel Accord for capital adequacy. Additionally, CNSP and SUSEP issue regulations on capital requirements that affect our insurance operations and private pension and savings bonds plans.

The capital statements were prepared in accordance with BACEN’s regulatory requirements and with internationally accepted minimum requirements according to the Bank for International Settlements (BIS).

I – Composition of capital

The Referential Equity (PR) used to monitor the compliance with the operating limits imposed by BACEN, is the sum of three items, namely:

•

Common Equity Tier I: the sum of capital, reserves and retained earnings, less deductions and prudential adjustments.

•

Additional Tier I Capital: consists of instruments of a perpetual nature, which meet eligibility requirements. Together with Common Equity Tier I it makes up Tier I.

•

Tier II Capital: consists of subordinated debt instruments with defined maturity dates that meet eligibility requirements. Together with the Common Equity Tier I and the Additional Tier I Capital, it makes up the Total Capital.

Composition of Reference Equity


	12/31/2019			12/31/2018
Stockholders’ equity attributable to controlling interests		131,987			131,757
Non-controlling interests		11,110			12,276
Change in interest in subsidiaries in a capital transaction		259			98
Consolidated Stockholders’ Equity (BACEN)		143,356			144,131

Common Equity Tier I Prudential Adjustments		(26,028	)		(20,773	)
Common Equity Tier I		117,328			123,358

Instruments Eligible to Comprise Additional Tier I		11,266			7,701
Additional Tier I Prudential Adjustments		102			95
Additional Tier I Capital		11,368			7,796

Tier I (Common Equity Tier I + Additional Tier I Capital)		128,696			131,154

Instruments Eligible to Comprise Tier II		11,833			15,778
Tier II Prudential Adjustments		67			96
Tier II		11,900			15,874

Referential Equity (Tier I + Tier II)		140,596			147,028

Funds from the issuance of subordinated debt securities are considered Tier II capital for purpose of capital to risk-weighted assets ratio, as shown below. According to current legislation, the balance of subordinated debt in December 2012 was used for calculating the reference equity as of December 2019, totaling R$ 36,627


Name of security / currency	Principal amount (original currency)		Issue		Maturity		Return p.a.		Account balance 12/31/2019
Subordinated financial bills—BRL
		1		2012		2020		111% of CDI		2
		20						IPCA + 6% to 6.17%		49
		6		2011		2021		109.25% to 110.5% of CDI		14
		2,307		2012		2022		IPCA + 5.15% to 5.83%		4,994
		20						IGPM + 4.63%		30
		2,354						Total		5,089
Subordinated euronotes—USD
		990		2010		2020		6.20%		4,041
		1,000		2010		2021		5.75%		4,152
		730		2011		2021		5.75% to 6.20%		2,952
		550		2012		2021		6.20%		2,218
		2,600		2012		2022		5.50% to 5.65%		10,673
		1,851		2012		2023		5.13%		7,502
		7,721						Total		31,538
Total										36,627

In November 2019, ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING issued in the international market US$ 750 million in Subordinated Notes, equivalent to R$ 3,023 at December 31, 2019, and in the local market R$ 2,330 in Subordinated Financial Bills. There is a repurchase option for these subordinated debts as from 2024 and they are subject to approval by the Central Bank of Brazil for composition of Capital Tier II of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING, with an estimated increase of 0.6 p.p. in its Total Capital.

II - Capital Requirements in Place and In Progress

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING’s minimum capital requirements are expressed as ratios obtained from the ratio between available capital and the Risk-Weighted Assets (RWA).

Schedule for Basel III implementation


	As From January 1 st ,
	2018			2019 (1)
Common Equity Tier I		4.5	%		4.5	%
Tier I		6.0	%		6.0	%
Total Capital		8.625	%		8.0	%
Additional Capital Buffers (ACP)		2.375	%		3.5	%
Conservation		1.875	%		2.5	%
Countercyclical (2)		0	%		0	%
Systemic (3)		0.5	%		1.0	%
Common Equity Tier I + ACP		6.875	%		8.0	%
Total Capital + ACP		11.0	%		11.5	%
Prudential Adjustments Deductions		100	%		100	%

(1)	Requirements in force as from January 1 st , 2019.

(2)	ACP Countercyclical is triggered during the credit cycle expansion phase. Additionally, in the event of an increase of countercyclical additional, the new percentage will be in effect only twelve months after it is announced.

(3)	The calculation of ACP Systemic associates the systemic importance, represented by the institution’s total exposure, to Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

III - Risk-Weighted Assets (RWA)

For calculating minimum capital requirements, RWA must be obtained by taking the sum of the following risk exposures:

RWA = RWA

CPAD

+ RWA

MINT

+ RWA

OPAD


	12/31/2019		12/31/2018
Credit risk (RWA CPAD ) (1)		784,730		714,969
Market risk (RWA MINT ) (2)		25,002		30,270
Operating risk (RWAP OPAD ) (3)		81,568		72,833

Total risk-weighted assets		891,300		818,072

(1)	Portion related to exposures to credit risk, calculated using the standardized approach;

(2)	Portion related to capital required for market risk, composed of the maximum between the internal model and 80% of the standardized model, regulated by BACEN Circulars 3,646 and 3,674;

(3)	Portion related to capital required for operational risk, calculated based on the standardized approach.

The tables below present the breakdown of credit, market and operational risk weighted assets, respectively.

a) Credit Risk

Breakdown of Credit Risk Weighted by Credit Risk (RWA

CPAD

)


	12/31/2019		12/31/2018
Credit Risk Weighted Assets (RWA CPAD )		784,730		714,969
Marketable securities		54,715		40,276
Loan Operations—Retail		139,522		124,356
Loan Operations—Non-Retail		274,324		256,958
Joint Liabilities—Retail		150		140
Joint Liabilities—Non-Retail		45,657		43,288
Loan Commitments—Retail		37,700		33,871
Loan Commitments—Non-Retail		11,138		10,673
Derivatives – Future potential gain		4,787		4,193
Intermediation		2,422		3,330
Other exposures		214,315		197,884

b) Market Risk


	12/31/2019			12/31/2018
Market Risk Weighted Assets—Standard Aproach (RWA MPAD )		28,328			37,838
Operations subject to interest rate variations		24,724			30,286
Fixed rate denominated in reais		5,273			2,026
Foreign exchange coupons		13,118			19,633
Price index coupon		6,333			8,627
Operations subject to commodity price variation		1,087			389
Operations subject to stock price variation		1,162			362
Operations subject to risk exposures in gold, foreign currency and foreign exchange variation		1,355			6,801
Minimum Market Risk Weighted Assets—Standard Aproach (RWA MPAD ) (*) (a)		22,663			30,270
Market Risk Weighted Assets calculated based on internal methodology (b)		25,002			22,871
Reduction of Market Risk Weighted Assets due to Internal Models Aproach		(3,327	)		(7,568	)
Market Risk Weighted Assets (RWA MINT )—maximum of (a) and (b)		25,002			30,270

(*)	Calculated based on internal models, with maximum saving possibility of 20% of the standard model.

At 12/31/2019, RWA

MINT

totaled R$ 25,002, which corresponds to 80% of RWA

MPAD

, higher than the capital calculated at internal models, which totaled R$ 22,663.

c) Operational Risk


Operating Risk-Weighted Assets (RWA OPAD )	12/31/2019		12/31/2018
		81,568		72,833

Retail		14,005		12,822
Commercial		27,536		26,214
Corporate finance		2,746		2,697
Negotiation and sales		15,430		11,736
Payments and settlement		8,802		8,282
Financial agent services		4,641		4,343
Asset management		8,101		6,715
Retail brokerage		307		24

IV - Capital Adequacy

The Board of Directors is the body responsible for approving the institutional capital management policy and guidelines for the capitalization level of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING. The Board is also responsible for the full approval of the ICAAP (Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process) report, the purpose of which is to assess the capital adequacy of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING.

The result of the last ICAAP – which was dated December 2018 – indicated that ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has, in addition to capital to cover all material risks, a significant capital surplus, thus assuring the solidity of the institution’s equity position.

In order to ensure that ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING is sound and has the capital needed to support business growth, the institution maintains PR levels above the minimum level required to face risks, as demonstrated by the Common Equity, Tier I Capital and Basel ratios.

The Basel Ratio reached 15.8% as at December 31, 2019, 2.2 p.p. lower than at December 31, 2018, mainly due to the provision for interest on own capital and dividends, and increase in risk-weighted assets.

Additionally, ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has a surplus over the required minimum Referential Equity of R$ 69,292 million, well above the ACP of R$ 31,195 million and generously covered by available capital.


	12/31/2019										12/31/2018
	Amount				Ratio						Amount				Ratio
	Required		Current		Required			Current			Required		Current		Required			Current
Common Equity Tier I		40,108		117,328		4.5	%		13.2	%		36,813		123,358		4.5	%		15.1	%
Additional Tier I Capital		0		11,368		0			0			—		7,796		—			—
Tier I (Common Equity Tier I + Additional Tier I Capital)		53,478		128,696		6.0	%		14.4	%		49,084		131,154		6.0	%		16.0	%
Tier II		0		11,900		0			0			—		15,874		—			—
Referential Equity (Tier I + Tier II)		71,304		140,596		8.0	%		15.8	%		70,559		147,028		8.625	%		18.0	%

Amount Required for Additional Capital Buffers (ACP)		31,195				3.5%						19,429				2.375%

The fixed assets ratio shows the commitment percentage of adjusted Referential Equity with adjusted permanent assets. ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING falls within the maximum limit of 50% of adjusted RE, established by BACEN. At 12/31/2019 , fixed assets ratio reached 27.9%, showing a surplus of R$ 31,104.

Further details on Risk and Capital Management of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING and indicators of the Global Systemic Importance Index, which are not included in the financial statements, may be viewed on

www.itau.com.br/relacoes-com-investidores

“Reports”/ Pillar 3 and Global Systemically Important Banks.

V – Recovery Plan

In response to the latest international crises, the Central Bank published Resolution No. 4,502, which requires the development of a Recovery Plan by financial institutions within Segment 1, with total exposure to GDP of more than 10%. This plan aims to reestablish adequate levels of capital and liquidity above regulatory operating limits in the face of severe systemic or idiosyncratic stress shocks. In this way, each institution could preserve its financial viability while also minimizing the impact on the National Financial System.

VI - Stress testing

The stress test is a process of simulation of extreme economic and market conditions in the institution’s results and capital. The institution has conducted this test since 2010 with a view to assessing its solvency in plausible scenarios of a systemic crisis, and identifying areas that are more susceptible to the impact of stress and can be subject to risk mitigation.

To perform the test, macroeconomic variables for each stress scenario are estimated by the economic research department. The scenarios are defined according to their importance to the bank’s results, and the probability of occurrence, and they are submitted to the approval of the Board of Directors on an annual basis.

Projections of macroeconomic variables (e.g. GDP, benchmark interest rate and inflation) and of the credit market (such as fundraising, loans, default rate, spread and fees) for these scenarios are based on external shocks or by using models validated by an independent area.

These projections affect the budgeted result and balance sheet, which in turn influence the risk-weighted assets and capital and liquidity ratios.

The stress test is also an integral part of ICAAP, with the main purpose of assessing whether, even in severe adverse conditions, the institution would have appropriate capital levels and its business would be unaffected.

This information allows potential risk factors to be identified in business, supporting the Board of Directors’ strategic decisions, the budgetary process and discussions on credit granting policies, in addition to being used as input for risk appetite metrics.

VII – Leverage Ratio

The Leverage Ratio is defined as the ratio of Capital Tier I to Total Exposure, calculated pursuant to BACEN Circular 3,748, of February 27, 2015. The purpose of this ratio is to be a simple measure of leverage not sensitive to risk, thus it does not consider weighting or mitigation factors. According to instructions in BACEN Circular Letter 3,706, of May 5, 2015, since October 2015 ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has sent the Leverage Ratio to BACEN, in accordance with Basel recommendations, on the basis of the ratio’s behavior for the period between 2011, when it was introduced, and 2017.

d) Management Risks of insurance and private pension

I – Management Structure, roles and responsibilities

In line with good domestic and international practices, ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has a risk management structure that ensures that the risks arising from insurance, pension plans and capitalization products are properly monitored and reported to the appropriate bodies. The management process of insurance, pension plans and capitalization risks is independent and focuses on the specific nature of each risk.

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING has committees to define the management of funds from the technical reserves for insurance and private pensions, to issue guidelines for managing these funds with the objective of achieving long term returns, and to define valuation models, risk limits and strategies on allocation of funds to specific financial assets. The members of these committees are not only executives and those directly responsible for the business management process, but also heads and coordinators of commercial and financial areas.

II – Risks of Insurance and Private Pensions

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING offers its products to customers through a bancassurance structure or direct distribution. Life, personal accident, loan and multiple peril insurance products are mainly distributed by a bancassurance operation.

Life insurance and pension plans are, in general, medium or long-term products and the main risks involved in the business may be classified as demographic, financial and behavioral.

•

Demographic risk relates to: i) a greater than expected increase in life expectancies for products with survivorship coverage (mostly pension plans); and ii) a greater than expected decrease in mortality rates for products with life coverage (mostly life insurance).

•

Financial risk: is inherent in the underwriting risk of products that offer a contractual financial guarantee, this risk being considered insurance risk

•

Behavioral risk relates to a greater than expected increase in the rates of conversion into annuity income, resulting in increased payments of retirement benefits.

Estimated actuarial assumptions are based on the past experience of ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING, on market benchmarks and on the experience of the actuaries.

Effect of changes on actuarial assumptions

To measure the effects of changes in the key actuarial assumptions, sensitivity tests were conducted in the amounts of current estimates of future liability cash flows. The sensitivity analysis considers a vision of the impacts caused by changes in assumptions, which could affect the income for the period and stockholders’ equity at the balance sheet date. This type of analysis is usually conducted under the

ceteris paribus

condition, in which the sensitivity of a system is measured when one variable of interest is changed and all the others remain unchanged. The results obtained are shown in the table below:


Sensitivity Test	Impact in Results and Stockholders’ Equity (1)
	12/31/2019 (2)						12/31/2018
	Private Pension			Insurance			Private Pension			Insurance
Mortality Rates
5% increase		25			0			15			(1	)
5% decrease		(37	)		(1	)		(16	)		(1	)
Risk-free Interest Rates
0.1% increase		61			12			30			8
0.1% decrease		(63	)		(12	)		(44	)		(8	)
Conversion in Income Rates
5% increase		20			0			(14	)		—
5% decrease		(21	)		0			14			—
Claims
5% increase		0			(47	)		—			(37	)
5% decrease		0			47			—			37

(1)	Amounts net of tax effects.

(2)	The amounts shown in the tables express the position at 12/31/2019, since the actuarial calculations are made on a half-yearly basis.

b) Risk concentration

For ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING, there is no product concentration in relation to insurance premiums, reducing the risk of product concentration and distribution channels.

At December 31, 2017, the production of mandatory personal injury caused by motor vehicle (DPVAT) arises from interests that ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING’s insurance companies hold in Seguradora Líder dos Consórcios de DPVAT S.A.


	01/01 to 12/31/2019						01/01 to 12/31/2018						01/01 to 12/31/2017
	Insurance		Retained		Retention		Insurance		Retained		Retention		Insurance		Retained		Retention
	premiums		premium		(%)		premiums		premium		(%)		premiums		premium		(%)
Property and casualty
Mandatory personal injury caused by
motor vehicle		0		0		0.0		—		—		0.0		24		24		100.0
Individuals
Group accident insurance		867		867		100.0		690		689		99.9		667		666		99.8
Individual accident		222		222		100.0		275		280		101.8		290		289		99.8
Credit life		948		946		99.8		881		879		99.8		623		621		99.7
Group life		948		947		99.9		934		937		100.3		1,001		990		98.9

III) Market, credit and liquidity risk

a) Market risk

Market risk is analyzed, in relation to insurance operations, using the following metrics and sensitivity and loss control measures: Value at Risk (VaR), Losses in Stress Scenarios (Stress Test), Sensitivity (DV01 – Delta Variation) and Concentration. In the table, the sensitivity analysis (DV01 – Delta Variation) is presented in relation to insurance operations that demonstrate the impact on the market value of cash flows when submitted to a one basis point increase in the current interest rate or indexer rate and one percentage point in the share price and currency.


	12/31/2019					12/31/2018
Class	Account balance		DV01			Account balance		DV01
Government securities
National Treasury Notes (NTN-C)		5,495		(2.57	)		5,096		(2.52	)
National Treasury Notes (NTN-B)		8,675		(9.42	)		6,069		(7.77	)
Chile Government securities (BTU)		152		(0.04	)		179		(0.08	)
Chile Government securities (PDBC)		0		0			77		(0.02	)
Private securities
Indexed to IPCA		83		(0.01	)		130		(0.03	)
Indexed to PRE		142		(0.01	)		4		—
Indexed to CLP		79		0			128		—
Indexed to CLF		6		0			10		—
Indexed to DOLLAR		0		0			2		—
Shares		6		0
Post-fixed assets		2,297		0			2,043		—
Under agreements to resell		777		0			3,277		—

Total		17,712		0			17,015

b) Liquidity Risk

Liquidity risk is identified by ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING as the risk of lack of liquid resources available to cover its current obligations at a given moment. For insurance operations, the liquidity risk is managed continuously by monitoring payment flows against liabilities, compared to the inflows generated by its operations and financial assets portfolio.

Financial assets are managed in order to optimize the risk-return ratio of investments, considering, on a careful basis, the characteristics of their liabilities. The risk integrated control considers the concentration limits by issuer and credit risk, sensitivities and market risk limits and control over asset liquidity risk. Thus, investments are concentrated in government and private securities with good credit quality in active and liquid markets, keeping a considerable amount invested in short-term assets, available on demand, to cover regular needs and any liquidity contingencies. Additionally, ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING constantly monitors the solvency conditions of its insurance operations.


		12/31/2019						12/31/2018
Liabilities	Assets	Liabilities amounts (1)		Liabilities DU (2)		Assets DU (2)		Liabilities amounts (1)		Liabilities DU (2)		Assets DU (2)
Insurance operations	Backing asset
Unearned premiums	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, CDB, LF and debentures		2,343		59.1		22.9		2,111		56.7		12.6
IBNR, PDR e PSL	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, CDB, LF and debentures		875		49.9		29.0		927		48.0		18.5
Redemptions and Other Unsettled Amounts	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, CDB, LF and debentures		13		7.9		22.9		13		14.9		12.5
Mathematical reserve for benefits to be granted and benefits granted	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, NTN-C, debentures		205		16.9		2.6		194		19.7		2.3
Financial surplus	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, NTN-C, CDB, LF and debentures		2		222.4		22.9		2		218.0		12.5
Other provisions	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, CDB, LF and debentures		250		6.9		104.5		562		99.2		32.3
Subtotal	Subtotal		3,688		0		0		3,809
Pension plan, VGBL and individual life operations
Related expenses	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, CDB, LF and debentures		89		126.2		82.6		98		128.4		75.9
Unearned premiums	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, CDB and debentures		13		11.1		20.8		13		15.4		11.0
Unsettled claims	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, CDB and debentures		48		11.1		20.8		43		15.4		11.0
IBNR	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, CDB and debentures		22		11.1		20.8		25		15.4		11.0
Redemptions and Other Unsettled Amounts	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, CDB and debentures		318		11.1		20.8		297		15.4		11.0
Mathematical reserve for benefits granted	LFT, repurchase agreements, LTN, NTN-B, NTN-C, NTN-F, CDB, LF and debentures		2,781		126.2		82.8		2,808		120.4		71.4
Mathematical reserve for benefits to be granted – PGBL/ VGBL	LFT, repurchase agreements, LTN, NTN-B, NTN-C, NTN-F, CDB, LF and
	debentures (3)		204,392		180.6		57.0		187,908		182.0		28.2
Mathematical reserve for benefits to be granted – traditional	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, NTN-C, debentures		5,099		199.8		110.1		4,633		209.0		91.7
Other provisions	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, NTN-C, CDB, LF and debentures		1,273		199.7		110.1		948		165.5		91.7
Financial surplus	LFT, repurchase agreements, NTN-B, NTN-C, CDB, LF and debentures		611		199.8		110.1		605		208.8		91.5
Subtotal	Subtotal		214,646		0		0		197,378
Total technical reserves	Total backing assets		218,334		0		0		201,187

(1)	Gross amounts of Credit Rights, Escrow Deposits and Reinsurance.

(2)	DU = Duration in months.

(3)	Excluding PGBL / VGBL reserves allocated in variable income.

c) Credit Risk

I - Reinsurers

Reinsurance operations are controlled through an internal policy, in compliance with the provisions of the regulatory authority governing the reinsurers with which ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING operates.

We present below a breakdown of the risks assigned by ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING’s subsidiaries to reinsurance companies:

•

Insurance Operations:

reinsurance premiums operations are basically represented by: IRB Brasil Resseguros with 86.02% (78.13% at 12/31/2018).

•

Private Pension Operations:

related to reinsurance premiums are entirely represented by Austral with 40%, General Reinsurance with 30%, and IRB Brasil Resseguros with 30% (same percentage (%) as in 12/31/2018)

II – Premiums Receivable

ITAÚ UNIBANCO HOLDING considers the credit risk arising from

past-due

premiums immaterial, since cases with coverage payment in default may be canceled, pursuant to Brazilian regulations.

III - Risk level of financial assets

The table below shows insurance financial assets, individually evaluated, classified by rating:


	12/31/2019
	Financial Assets at Amortized Cost
Internal rating	Interbank deposits and securities purchased under agreements to resell		Securities		Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (*)		Total
Low		3,027		31,342		197,940		232,309
Medium		0		0		2		2
High		0		0		0		0

Total		3,027		31,342		197,942		232,311

%		1.3		13.5		85.2		100.0

(*)	Includes Derivatives in the amount of R$ 960.


	12/31/2018
	Financial Assets at Amortized Cost
Internal rating	Interbank deposits and securities purchased under agreements to resell		Securities		Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (*)		Total
Low		8,247		28,969		179,311		216,527
Medium		—		—		2		2
High		—		—		—		—

Total		8,247		28,969		179,313		216,529

%		3.8		13.4		82.8		100.0

(*)	Includes Derivatives in the amount of R$ 449.