10-Q 1 emr-6302018x10q.htm 10-Q
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
______________________
FORM 10-Q
ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2018
OR
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____________________ to __________________
Commission file number 1-278
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Missouri (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | 43-0259330 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
8000 W. Florissant Ave. P.O. Box 4100 St. Louis, Missouri (Address of principal executive offices) | 63136 (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (314) 553-2000
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ý | Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company ¨
| Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. Common stock of $0.50 par value per share outstanding at July 31, 2018: 628,465,551 shares.
1

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Consolidated Statements of Earnings
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
Three and nine months ended June 30, 2017 and 2018
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts; unaudited)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Nine Months Ended June 30,
| 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |
Net sales | $ | 4,039 |  |  | 4,456 |  |  | 10,829 |  |  | 12,520 |
Costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of sales | 2,361 |  |  | 2,507 |  |  | 6,229 |  |  | 7,125 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 931 |  |  | 1,054 |  |  | 2,621 |  |  | 3,078 |
Other deductions, net | 87 |  |  | 88 |  |  | 203 |  |  | 275 |
Interest expense (net of interest income of $10, $10, $25 and $35, respectively) | 39 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 126 |  |  | 113 |
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes | 621 |  |  | 768 |  |  | 1,650 |  |  | 1,929 |
Income taxes | 202 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 477 |  |  | 327 |
Earnings from continuing operations | 419 |  |  | 719 |  |  | 1,173 |  |  | 1,602 |
Discontinued operations, net of tax | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | (133 | ) |  | — |
Net earnings | 425 |  |  | 719 |  |  | 1,040 |  |  | 1,602 |
Less: Noncontrolling interests in earnings of subsidiaries | 12 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 16 |
Net earnings common stockholders | $ | 413 |  |  | 712 |  |  | 1,014 |  |  | 1,586 |
Earnings common stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations | $ | 407 |  |  | 712 |  |  | 1,147 |  |  | 1,586 |
Discontinued operations, net of tax | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | (133 | ) |  | — |
Net earnings common stockholders | $ | 413 |  |  | 712 |  |  | 1,014 |  |  | 1,586 |
Basic earnings per share common stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations | $ | 0.63 |  |  | 1.13 |  |  | 1.77 |  |  | 2.50 |
Discontinued operations | 0.01 |  |  | — |  |  | (0.20 | ) |  | — |
Basic earnings per common share | $ | 0.64 |  |  | 1.13 |  |  | 1.57 |  |  | 2.50 |
Diluted earnings per share common stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations | $ | 0.63 |  |  | 1.12 |  |  | 1.77 |  |  | 2.49 |
Discontinued operations | 0.01 |  |  | — |  |  | (0.20 | ) |  | — |
Diluted earnings per common share | $ | 0.64 |  |  | 1.12 |  |  | 1.57 |  |  | 2.49 |
Cash dividends per common share | $ | 0.48 |  |  | 0.485 |  |  | 1.44 |  |  | 1.455 |

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
Three and nine months ended June 30, 2017 and 2018
(Dollars in millions; unaudited)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Nine Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |  |  |  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |
Net earnings |  | $ | 425 |  |  |  | 719 |  |  |  | 1,040 |  |  |  | 1,602 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation |  | 74 |  |  |  | (273 | ) |  |  | 230 |  |  |  | (118 | )
Pension and postretirement |  | 35 |  |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 155 |  |  |  | 67 |
Cash flow hedges |  | 5 |  |  |  | (14 | ) |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | (22 | )
Total other comprehensive income |  | 114 |  |  |  | (265 | ) |  |  | 422 |  |  |  | (73 | )
Comprehensive income |  | 539 |  |  |  | 454 |  |  |  | 1,462 |  |  |  | 1,529 |
Less: Noncontrolling interests in comprehensive income of subsidiaries |  | 11 |  |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 24 |  |  |  | 16 |
Comprehensive income common stockholders |  | $ | 528 |  |  |  | 447 |  |  |  | 1,438 |  |  |  | 1,513 |

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

Consolidated Balance Sheets
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts; unaudited)

| Sept 30, 2017 |  | June 30, 2018
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |
Cash and equivalents | $ | 3,062 |  |  | 3,411 |
Receivables, less allowances of $91 and $98, respectively | 3,072 |  |  | 3,027 |
Inventories | 1,696 |  |  | 1,805 |
Other current assets | 422 |  |  | 333 |
Total current assets | 8,252 |  |  | 8,576 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 3,321 |  |  | 3,260 |
Other assets |  |  |  |
Goodwill | 5,316 |  |  | 5,745 |
Other intangible assets | 1,890 |  |  | 2,157 |
Other | 810 |  |  | 749 |
Total other assets | 8,016 |  |  | 8,651 |
Total assets | $ | 19,589 |  |  | 20,487 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Short-term borrowings and current maturities of long-term debt | $ | 862 |  |  | 2,862 |
Accounts payable | 1,776 |  |  | 1,647 |
Accrued expenses | 2,342 |  |  | 2,392 |
Income taxes | 65 |  |  | 53 |
Total current liabilities | 5,045 |  |  | 6,954 |
Long-term debt | 3,794 |  |  | 3,126 |
Other liabilities | 1,980 |  |  | 1,947 |
Equity |  |  |  |  |
Common stock, $0.50 par value; authorized, 1,200,000,000 shares; issued, 953,354,012 shares; outstanding, 641,691,971 shares and 628,411,667 shares, respectively | 477 |  |  | 477 |
Additional paid-in-capital | 297 |  |  | 332 |
Retained earnings | 21,995 |  |  | 22,660 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (1,019 | ) |  | (1,092 | )
Cost of common stock in treasury, 311,662,041 shares and 324,942,345 shares, respectively | (13,032 | ) |  | (13,964 | )
Common stockholders’ equity | 8,718 |  |  | 8,413 |
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries | 52 |  |  | 47 |
Total equity | 8,770 |  |  | 8,460 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 19,589 |  |  | 20,487 |

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
Nine months ended June 30, 2017 and 2018
(Dollars in millions; unaudited)

|  | Nine Months Ended
|  | June 30,
|  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |
Operating activities |  |  |  |
Net earnings |  | $ | 1,040 |  |  | 1,602 |
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax |  | 133 |  |  | — |
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 454 |  |  | 557 |
Changes in operating working capital |  | 16 |  |  | (286 | )
Other, net |  | 142 |  |  | (5 | )
Cash from continuing operations |  | 1,785 |  |  | 1,868 |
Cash from discontinued operations |  | (727 | ) |  | — |
Cash provided by operating activities |  | 1,058 |  |  | 1,868 |
Investing activities |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  | (300 | ) |  | (314 | )
Purchases of businesses, net of cash and equivalents acquired |  | (2,991 | ) |  | (770 | )
Divestitures of businesses |  | 40 |  |  | 223 |
Other, net |  | (80 | ) |  | (71 | )
Cash from continuing operations |  | (3,331 | ) |  | (932 | )
Cash from discontinued operations |  | 5,022 |  |  | — |
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities |  | 1,691 |  |  | (932 | )
Financing activities |  |  |  |
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings |  | (1,136 | ) |  | 1,581 |
Payments of short-term borrowings greater than three months |  | (90 | ) |  | — |
Payments of long-term debt |  | (253 | ) |  | (251 | )
Dividends paid |  | (930 | ) |  | (924 | )
Purchases of common stock |  | (400 | ) |  | (1,000 | )
Other, net |  | 32 |  |  | 34 |
Cash used in financing activities |  | (2,777 | ) |  | (560 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and equivalents |  | (14 | ) |  | (27 | )
Increase (Decrease) in cash and equivalents |  | (42 | ) |  | 349 |
Beginning cash and equivalents |  | 3,182 |  |  | 3,062 |
Ending cash and equivalents |  | $ | 3,140 |  |  | 3,411 |
Changes in operating working capital |  |  |  |
Receivables |  | $ | 119 |  |  | 39 |
Inventories |  | (125 | ) |  | (133 | )
Other current assets |  | (24 | ) |  | (27 | )
Accounts payable |  | (7 | ) |  | (97 | )
Accrued expenses |  | (17 | ) |  | (83 | )
Income taxes |  | 70 |  |  | 15 |
Total changes in operating working capital |  | $ | 16 |  |  | (286 | )

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts or where noted)

1. | In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of operating results for the interim periods presented. Adjustments consist of normal and recurring accruals. The consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and consequently do not include all disclosures required for annual financial statements presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2017. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted tax reform, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”), which made comprehensive changes to federal income tax laws by moving from a global to a modified territorial tax regime. The Act includes a reduction of the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent along with the elimination of certain deductions and credits, and a one-time “deemed repatriation” of accumulated foreign earnings. In the first fiscal quarter, the Company recognized a net tax benefit of $43 ($0.07 per share) due to impacts of the Act, consisting of a $98 benefit on revaluation of net deferred income tax liabilities to the lower tax rate, and $185 of expense for the tax on deemed repatriation of accumulated foreign earnings and withholding taxes partially offset by $130 accrued in previous periods for the planned repatriation of non-U.S. cash. Subsequent to the enactment of the Act, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service issued additional guidance, particularly with respect to the calculation of the tax on deemed repatriation of accumulated foreign earnings. As a result of the additional guidance and actions taken in the third fiscal quarter, the Company updated its initial estimates and recognized a benefit of $150 ($0.24 per share), primarily related to an increase in foreign tax credit carryforwards. These updates resulted in a net tax benefit due to the impacts of the Act of $193 ($0.30 per share) for the nine months ended June 30, 2018.
The Company continues to review the impacts of the Act and subsequent interpretations. Given its complexities, the ultimate effects on repatriation cost and other tax items may differ from these provisional amounts due to additional regulatory guidance expected to be issued and further evaluation of the Company’s actions, assumptions and interpretations.
The effective tax rate for full year 2018 is currently expected to be approximately 19 percent, which includes 7 percentage points of benefit from the Act. In 2019 and thereafter, the tax rate is expected to be approximately 25 percent.
In February 2018, the FASB issued updates to ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, which permit reclassification of stranded tax effects resulting from the Act from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings. These updates are effective in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, with early adoption permitted, and are not expected to materially impact the Company's financial statements.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company adopted updates to ASC 330, Inventory, which changed the measurement principle for inventory from the lower of cost or market to the lower of cost and net realizable value. These updates did not materially impact the Company's financial statements.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company adopted updates to ASC 740, Income Taxes, requiring recognition of the income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory when the transfer occurs. These updates were adopted on a modified retrospective basis and did not materially impact the Company's financial statements.
6

2. Reconciliations of weighted-average shares for basic and diluted earnings per common share follow. Earnings allocated to participating securities were inconsequential.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Nine Months Ended June 30,
| 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |
Basic shares outstanding | 642.8 |  |  | 629.4 |  |  | 643.1 |  |  | 633.4 |
Dilutive shares | 1.0 |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | 3.1 |
Diluted shares outstanding | 643.8 |  |  | 632.9 |  |  | 644.3 |  |  | 636.5 |

3. Other Financial Information

| Sept 30, 2017 |  | June 30, 2018
Inventories |  |  |  |  |
Finished products |  | $ | 560 |  |  |  | 610 |
Raw materials and work in process |  | 1,136 |  |  |  | 1,195 |
Total |  | $ | 1,696 |  |  |  | 1,805 |

| Sept 30, 2017 |  | June 30, 2018
Property, plant and equipment, net |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment, at cost |  | $ | 7,873 |  |  |  | 8,066 |
Less: Accumulated depreciation |  | 4,552 |  |  |  | 4,806 |
Total |  | $ | 3,321 |  |  |  | 3,260 |

| Sept 30, 2017 |  | June 30, 2018
Goodwill by business segment |  |  |  |  |
Automation Solutions |  | $ | 4,704 |  |  |  | 5,018 |
Climate Technologies |  | 555 |  |  |  | 671 |
Tools & Home Products |  | 57 |  |  |  | 56 |
Commercial & Residential Solutions |  | 612 |  |  |  | 727 |
Total |  | $ | 5,316 |  |  |  | 5,745 |

The increase in goodwill reflects the acquisitions of Paradigm and Cooper-Atkins. See Note 11.

| Sept 30, 2017 |  | June 30, 2018
Accrued expenses include the following |  |  |  |  |
Employee compensation |  | $ | 531 |  |  |  | 578 |
Customer advanced payments |  | $ | 505 |  |  |  | 503 |
Product warranty |  | $ | 120 |  |  |  | 122 |

| Sept 30, 2017 |  | June 30, 2018
Other liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Pension and postretirement liabilities |  | $ | 664 |  |  |  | 647 |
Deferred income taxes |  | 425 |  |  |  | 274 |
Asbestos litigation |  | 340 |  |  |  | 346 |
Other |  | 551 |  |  |  | 680 |
Total |  | $ | 1,980 |  |  |  | 1,947 |

Other long-term assets include $136 of asbestos-related insurance receivables.
7

4. | Following is a discussion regarding the Company’s use of financial instruments:

Hedging Activities – As of June 30, 2018, the notional amount of foreign currency hedge positions was approximately $2.3 billion, and commodity hedge contracts totaled approximately $142 (primarily 53 million pounds of copper and aluminum). All derivatives receiving deferral accounting are cash flow hedges. The majority of hedging gains and losses deferred as of June 30, 2018 are expected to be recognized over the next 12 months as the underlying forecasted transactions occur. Gains and losses on foreign currency derivatives reported in Other deductions, net reflect hedges of balance sheet exposures that do not receive deferral accounting. The following gains and losses are included in earnings and other comprehensive income (OCI) for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:

|  |  |  | Into Earnings |  | Into OCI
|  |  |  | 3rd Quarter |  | Nine Months |  | 3rd Quarter |  | Nine Months
Gains (Losses) |  | Location |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |
Commodity |  | Cost of sales |  | $ | 4 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 2 |  |  | (3 | ) |  | 17 |  |  | 1 |
Foreign currency |  | Sales, cost of sales |  | — |  |  | (1 | ) |  | (17 | ) |  | (1 | ) |  | 10 |  |  | (15 | ) |  | 32 |  |  | (19 | )
Foreign currency |  | Other deductions, net |  | (22 | ) |  | 28 |  |  | (22 | ) |  | 16 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  |  |  | $ | (18 | ) |  | 29 |  |  | (33 | ) |  | 28 |  |  | 12 |  |  | (18 | ) |  | 49 |  |  | (18 | )

Regardless of whether derivatives receive deferral accounting, the Company expects hedging gains or losses to be essentially offset by losses or gains on the related underlying exposures. The amounts ultimately recognized will differ from those presented above for open positions, which remain subject to ongoing market price fluctuations until settlement. Derivatives receiving deferral accounting are highly effective and no amounts were excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. Hedge ineffectiveness was immaterial for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.
Fair Value Measurement – Valuations for all derivatives and the Company's long-term debt fall within Level 2 of the GAAP valuation hierarchy. As of June 30, 2018, the fair value of long-term debt was $4.0 billion, which exceeded the carrying value by $152. At June 30, 2018, the fair values of commodity contracts and foreign currency contracts were reported in other current assets and accrued expenses. Valuations of derivative contract positions are summarized below:

| September 30, 2017 |  | June 30, 2018
| Assets |  | Liabilities |  | Assets |  | Liabilities
Foreign Currency |  | $ | 26 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 24 |
Commodity |  | $ | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 4 |

Counterparties to derivatives arrangements are companies with investment-grade credit ratings. The Company has bilateral collateral arrangements with counterparties with credit rating-based posting thresholds that vary depending on the arrangement. If credit ratings on the Company's debt fall below pre-established levels, counterparties can require immediate full collateralization of all derivatives in net liability positions. The maximum amount that could potentially have been required was $13. The Company also can demand full collateralization of derivatives in net asset positions should any counterparty credit ratings fall below certain thresholds. No collateral was posted with counterparties and none was held by the Company as of June 30, 2018.

5. | The change in equity for the first nine months of 2018 is shown below:

| Common Stockholders' Equity |  | Noncontrolling Interests in Subsidiaries |  | Total Equity
Balance at September 30, 2017 |  | $ | 8,718 |  |  |  | 52 |  |  |  | 8,770 |
Net earnings |  | 1,586 |  |  |  | 16 |  |  |  | 1,602 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | (73 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (73 | )
Cash dividends |  | (924 | ) |  |  | (21 | ) |  |  | (945 | )
Purchases of treasury stock, net of issuances |  | (897 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (897 | )
Adoption of accounting standard update |  | 3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3 |
Balance at June 30, 2018 |  | $ | 8,413 |  |  |  | 47 |  |  |  | 8,460 |

8

6. | Activity in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 is shown below:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Nine Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |  |  |  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |
Foreign currency translation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | (655 | ) |  |  | (214 | ) |  |  | (812 | ) |  |  | (369 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications |  | 75 |  |  |  | (273 | ) |  |  | (153 | ) |  |  | (101 | )
Reclassified to gain/loss on sale of businesses |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 385 |  |  |  | (17 | )
Ending balance |  | (580 | ) |  |  | (487 | ) |  |  | (580 | ) |  |  | (487 | )
Pension and postretirement |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | (1,042 | ) |  |  | (617 | ) |  |  | (1,162 | ) |  |  | (662 | )
Amortization of deferred actuarial losses into earnings |  | 35 |  |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 105 |  |  |  | 67 |
Reclassified to gain/loss on sale of businesses |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 50 |  |  |  | — |
Ending balance |  | (1,007 | ) |  |  | (595 | ) |  |  | (1,007 | ) |  |  | (595 | )
Cash flow hedges |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | 7 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | (25 | ) |  |  | 12 |
Deferral of gains (losses) arising during the period |  | 7 |  |  |  | (13 | ) |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | (13 | )
Reclassification of realized (gains) losses to sales and cost of sales |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | (9 | )
Ending balance |  | 12 |  |  |  | (10 | ) |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | (10 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  | $ | (1,575 | ) |  |  | (1,092 | ) |  |  | (1,575 | ) |  |  | (1,092 | )
Activity above is shown net of income taxes for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, as follows: amortization of pension and postretirement deferred actuarial losses: $(8), $(18), $(24), and $(54); pension and postretirement divestiture: $-, $-, $-, and $(22); deferral of cash flow hedging gains (losses): $5, $(5), $5, and $(19); reclassification of realized cash flow hedging (gains) losses: $-, $2, $3 and $(4).

7. | Total periodic pension and postretirement expense is summarized below:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Nine Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018
Service cost |  | $ | 21 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | 63 |  |  |  | 57 |
Interest cost |  | 42 |  |  |  | 46 |  |  |  | 126 |  |  |  | 139 |
Expected return on plan assets |  | (86 | ) |  |  | (87 | ) |  |  | (258 | ) |  |  | (262 | )
Net amortization |  | 53 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 159 |  |  |  | 91 |
Total |  | $ | 30 |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 90 |  |  |  | 25 |

9

8. | Other deductions, net are summarized below:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Nine Months Ended June 30,
| 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |  |  |  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |
Amortization of intangibles |  | $ | 41 |  |  |  | 47 |  |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | 154 |
Restructuring costs |  | 21 |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 45 |  |  |  | 38 |
Other |  | 25 |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 74 |  |  |  | 83 |
Total |  | $ | 87 |  |  |  | 88 |  |  |  | 203 |  |  |  | 275 |

The increase in amortization for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2018 is due to acquisitions. On a year-to-date basis, Other included higher acquisition/divestiture-related costs of $16, partially offset by lower bad debt expense of $11.

9. | Restructuring expense reflects costs associated with the Company’s ongoing efforts to improve operational efficiency and deploy assets globally in order to remain competitive on a worldwide basis. The Company expects full year 2018 restructuring expense to be approximately $80, which includes costs related to the Tools & Test and Aventics acquisitions. See Note 13. The full year expense includes $38 incurred to date, as well as costs to complete actions initiated before the end of the third quarter and actions anticipated to be approved and initiated during the remainder of the year. Costs for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2018 largely relate to restructuring of the global cost structure consistent with the current level of economic activity, as well as the redeployment of resources for future growth.

Restructuring expense by business segment follows:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Nine Months Ended June 30,
| 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |
Automation Solutions |  | $ | 20 |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 35 |  |  |  | 26 |
Climate Technologies |  | 1 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | 11 |
Tools & Home Products |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |
Commercial & Residential Solutions |  | 1 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 11 |
Corporate |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |
Total |  | $ | 21 |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 45 |  |  |  | 38 |

Details of the change in the liability for restructuring costs during the nine months ended June 30, 2018 follow:

| Sept 30, 2017 |  |  | Expense |  |  | Utilized/Paid |  |  | June 30, 2018 |
Severance and benefits |  | $ | 60 |  |  |  | 24 |  |  |  | 48 |  |  |  | 36 |
Lease and other contract terminations |  | 4 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 4 |
Asset write-downs |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |
Vacant facility and other shutdown costs |  | 1 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 2 |
Start-up and moving costs |  | — |  |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 1 |
Total |  | $ | 65 |  |  |  | 38 |  |  |  | 60 |  |  |  | 43 |

10. | Business Segments – The Company designs and manufactures products and delivers services that bring technology and engineering together to provide innovative solutions for customers in a wide range of industrial, commercial and consumer markets around the world.

The Automation Solutions segment enables process, hybrid and discrete manufacturers to maximize production, protect personnel and the environment, and optimize their energy efficiency and operating costs through a broad offering of integrated solutions and products, including measurement and analytical instrumentation, industrial valves and equipment, and process control systems. Significant end markets serviced
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include oil and gas, refining, chemicals and power generation, as well as pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, automotive, pulp and paper, metals and mining, and municipal water supplies. The segment's major product offerings are described below.

• | Measurement & Analytical Instrumentation products measure the physical properties of liquids or gases in a process stream and communicate this information to a process control system or other software applications, and analyze the chemical composition of process fluids and emissions to enhance quality and efficiency, as well as environmental compliance.

• | Valves, Actuators & Regulators consists of control, isolation and pressure relief valves which respond to commands from a control system to continuously and precisely modulate the flow of process fluids, smart actuation and control technologies, pressure management products, and industrial and residential regulators that reduce the pressure of fluids moving from high-pressure supply lines into lower pressure systems.

• | Industrial Solutions provides fluid power and control mechanisms, electrical distribution equipment, and materials joining and precision cleaning products which are used in a variety of manufacturing operations to provide integrated solutions to customers.

• | Process Control Systems & Solutions provides a digital ecosystem that controls plant processes by communicating with and adjusting the "intelligent" plant devices described above to provide precision measurement, control, monitoring, asset optimization, and plant safety and reliability for plants that produce power, or process fluids or other items.

The Commercial & Residential Solutions business consists of the Climate Technologies and Tools & Home Products segments. This business provides products and solutions that promote energy efficiency, enhance household and commercial comfort, and protect food quality and sustainability through heating, air conditioning and refrigeration technology, as well as a broad range of tools and appliance solutions.
The Climate Technologies segment provides products, services and solutions for all areas of the climate control industry, including residential heating and cooling, commercial air conditioning, commercial and industrial refrigeration, and cold chain management. Products include compressors, temperature sensors and controls, thermostats, flow controls, and stationary and mobile remote monitoring technologies and services that enable homeowners and businesses to better manage their heating, air conditioning and refrigeration systems for improved control and comfort, and lower energy costs.
The Tools & Home Products segment offers tools for professionals and homeowners and appliance solutions. Products include professional pipe-working tools, residential and commercial food waste disposers, and wet-dry vacuums.
Summarized information about the Company's results of operations by business segment follows:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Nine Months Ended June 30,
| Sales |  | Earnings |  | Sales |  | Earnings
| 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2018 |
Automation Solutions | $ | 2,440 |  |  | 2,870 |  |  | 378 |  |  | 494 |  |  | 6,524 |  |  | 8,213 |  |  | 1,032 |  |  | 1,316 |
Climate Technologies | 1,187 |  |  | 1,236 |  |  | 305 |  |  | 294 |  |  | 3,104 |  |  | 3,286 |  |  | 715 |  |  | 712 |
Tools & Home Products | 415 |  |  | 356 |  |  | 97 |  |  | 93 |  |  | 1,210 |  |  | 1,041 |  |  | 281 |  |  | 276 |
Commercial & Residential Solutions | 1,602 |  |  | 1,592 |  |  | 402 |  |  | 387 |  |  | 4,314 |  |  | 4,327 |  |  | 996 |  |  | 988 |
Differences in accounting methods |  |  |  |  | 38 |  |  | 57 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 106 |  |  | 163 |
Corporate and other |  |  |  |  | (158 | ) |  | (131 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | (358 | ) |  | (425 | )
Eliminations/Interest | (3 | ) |  | (6 | ) |  | (39 | ) |  | (39 | ) |  | (9 | ) |  | (20 | ) |  | (126 | ) |  | (113 | )
Total | $ | 4,039 |  |  | 4,456 |  |  | 621 |  |  | 768 |  |  | 10,829 |  |  | 12,520 |  |  | 1,650 |  |  | 1,929 |

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For the third quarter of 2018, Corporate and other included higher incentive stock compensation expense of $14, while 2017 included first year acquisition accounting charges for valves & controls of $30 related to inventory and $7 for backlog amortization. Year-to-date results included higher incentive stock compensation of $65 and higher acquisition/divestiture-related costs of $16, partially offset by lower valves & controls first year acquisition accounting charges of $8 related to inventory and backlog amortization.
Automation Solutions sales by major product offering are summarized below:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Nine Months Ended June 30,
|  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |  |  |  | 2017 |  |  |  | 2018 |
Measurement & Analytical Instrumentation |  | $ | 744 |  |  |  | 932 |  |  |  | 2,162 |  |  |  | 2,564 |
Valves, Actuators & Regulators |  | 772 |  |  |  | 953 |  |  |  | 1,718 |  |  |  | 2,746 |
Industrial Solutions |  | 430 |  |  |  | 465 |  |  |  | 1,216 |  |  |  | 1,368 |
Process Control Systems & Solutions |  | 494 |  |  |  | 520 |  |  |  | 1,428 |  |  |  | 1,535 |
Total |  | $ | 2,440 |  |  |  | 2,870 |  |  |  | 6,524 |  |  |  | 8,213 |

11. | On January 10, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Cooper-Atkins for $247, net of cash acquired. This business, which manufactures temperature management and monitoring products for foodservice markets, is reported in the Climate Technologies segment. The Company recognized goodwill of $114 (all of which is expected to be tax deductible), and identifiable intangible assets of $127, primarily intellectual property and customer relationships with a weighted-average useful life of approximately 12 years. During the first nine months of 2018, the Company also acquired three smaller business, two in the Automation Solutions segment and one in the Climate Technologies segment. These four businesses had combined annual sales of approximately $70.

On December 1, 2017, the Company acquired Paradigm, a provider of software solutions for the oil and gas industry, for $505, net of cash acquired. This business had annual sales of approximately $140 and is included in the Measurement & Analytical Instrumentation product offering within Automation Solutions. The Company recognized goodwill of $332 ($160 of which is expected to be tax deductible), and identifiable intangible assets of $238, primarily intellectual property and customer relationships with a weighted-average useful life of approximately 11 years.
Valuations of acquired assets and liabilities are in process and subject to refinement. Total cash paid for all businesses for the first nine months of 2018 was $770, net of cash acquired.
On April 28, 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of Pentair's valves & controls business for $2.960 billion, net of cash acquired of $207. This business, with annualized sales of approximately $1.4 billion, is a manufacturer of control, isolation and pressure relief valves and actuators, and complements the Valves, Actuators & Regulators product offering within Automation Solutions.
On October 2, 2017, the Company sold its residential storage business for $200 in cash, and recognized a small pretax gain and an after-tax loss of $24 ($0.04 per share) in the first quarter of 2018 due to income taxes resulting from nondeductible goodwill. The Company realized $150 in after-tax cash proceeds from the sale. Assets and liabilities for this business were classified as held-for-sale in the consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2017 as follows: current assets, $73; other assets, $176; and accrued expenses and other liabilities, $61. This business was previously reported within the Tools & Home Products segment.
Pro Forma Financial Information
The following unaudited pro forma consolidated condensed financial results of operations are presented as if the acquisition of the valves & controls business occurred on October 1, 2015. The pro forma information is
presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved had the acquisition occurred as of that time.
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| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| June 30, 2017
Net sales |  | $ | 4,132 |  |  |  | $ | 11,677 |
Net earnings from continuing operations common stockholders |  | $ | 426 |  |  |  | $ | 1,155 |
Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations |  | $ | 0.66 |  |  |  | $ | 1.78 |

12. | Discontinued Operations – In fiscal 2017, the Company completed the previously announced strategic repositioning actions to streamline its portfolio and drive growth in its core businesses. On November 30, 2016, the Company completed the sale of its network power systems business for $4 billion in cash and retained a subordinated interest in distributions, contingent upon the equity holders first receiving a threshold return on their initial investment. Additionally, on January 31, 2017, the Company completed the sale of its power generation, motors and drives business for approximately $1.2 billion, subject to post-closing adjustments.

The financial results of the network power systems and power generation, motors and drives businesses reported as discontinued operations for the nine months ended June 30, 2017 were as follows:

|  | Nine Months Ended June 30, 2017
Net sales |  | $ | 1,037 |
Cost of sales |  | 701 |
SG&A |  | 263 |
Other (income) deductions, net |  | (429 | )
Earnings (Loss) before income taxes |  | 502 |
Income taxes |  | 635 |
Earnings (Loss), net of tax |  | $ | (133 | )

The 2017 loss of $133 consisted of an after-tax loss of $180 ($47 pretax loss) on the divestiture of the power generation, motors and drives business, an after-tax gain on the divestiture of the network power systems business of $114 ($486 pretax), income tax expense of $103 for the planned repatriation of sales proceeds and existing cash from the businesses, lower expense of $30 due to ceasing depreciation and amortization for the discontinued businesses held-for-sale, and net earnings from operations of $6.
Net cash from operating and investing activities for the network power systems and power generation, motors and drives businesses for the nine months ended June 30, 2017 were as follows:

|  | Nine Months Ended June 30, 2017
Cash from operating activities |  | $ | (727 | )
Cash from investing activities |  | $ | 5,022 |

Operating cash flow used by discontinued operations of $727 for the nine months ended June 30, 2017 primarily included payments for income taxes on completion of the divestitures and repatriation of cash, and professional fees and other costs.

13. | Subsequent Events – On July 2, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Textron's tools and test equipment business for $807, net of cash acquired. This business, with annual sales of approximately $470, is a manufacturer of electrical and utility tools, diagnostics, and test and measurement instruments, and will be reported in the Tools & Home Products segment. On July 17, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Aventics, a global provider of smart pneumatics technologies that power machine and factory automation applications, for $622, net of cash acquired. This business, which has annual sales of approx imately $425, will be included in the Industrial Solutions product offering within the Automation Solutions segment. The initial accounting for these transactions is not yet complete.

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Items 2 and 3.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
OVERVIEW
Net sales for the third quarter of 2018 were $4.5 billion, up 10 percent. Underlying sales increased 8 percent as favorable global trends continued in energy-related, general industrial, HVAC and refrigeration markets.
Earnings from continuing operations common stockholders were $712 million, up 75 percent, and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations were $1.12, up 78 percent, due to strong sales growth and operational performance, as well as an income tax benefit of $150 million ($0.24 per share) from the impacts of U.S. tax reform.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30
Following is an analysis of the Company’s operating results for the third quarter ended June 30, 2018, compared with the third quarter ended June 30, 2017.

| 2017 |  | 2018 |  | Change
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 4,039 |  |  | 4,456 |  |  | 10 | %
Gross profit | $ | 1,678 |  |  | 1,949 |  |  | 16 | %
Percent of sales | 41.5 | % |  | 43.7 | % |  |  |
SG&A | $ | 931 |  |  | 1,054 |  |  |  |
Percent of sales | 23.0 | % |  | 23.6 | % |  |  |
Other deductions, net | $ | 87 |  |  | 88 |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | $ | 39 |  |  | 39 |  |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 621 |  |  | 768 |  |  | 24 | %
Percent of sales | 15.4 | % |  | 17.2 | % |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations common stockholders | $ | 407 |  |  | 712 |  |  | 75 | %
Net earnings common stockholders | $ | 413 |  |  | 712 |  |  | 72 | %
Percent of sales | 10.2 | % |  | 16.0 | % |  |  |
Diluted EPS - Earnings from continuing operations | $ | 0.63 |  |  | 1.12 |  |  | 78 | %
Diluted EPS - Net earnings | $ | 0.64 |  |  | 1.12 |  |  | 75 | %

Net sales for the third quarter of 2018 were $4.5 billion, an increase of $417 million compared with $4.0 billion in 2017. Underlying sales, which exclude foreign currency translation, acquisitions and divestitures, increased 8 percent ($305 million) on higher volume. Acquisitions added 3 percent ($129 million) and foreign currency translation added 1 percent ($58 million), while the divestiture of the residential storage business subtracted 2 percent ($75 million). Underlying sales increased 9 percent in the U.S. and 7 percent internationally. Asia was up 9 percent (China up 15 percent), and sales in Europe were up 6 percent. Canada increased 13 percent, Latin America increased 7 percent, and Middle East/Africa was up 3 percent. Sales increased $430 million in Automation Solutions, supported by acquisitions and continued broad-based demand across energy-related and general industrial markets. Commercial & Residential Solutions sales decreased $10 million as the divestiture of the residential storage business offset favorable demand in global HVAC and refrigeration markets.
Cost of sales for the third quarter of 2018 were $2.5 billion, an increase of $146 million compared with $2.4 billion in 2017, primarily due to higher volume, acquisitions and the impact of foreign currency translation. Gross margin of 43.7 percent increased 2.2 percentage points, primarily due to leverage on higher volume and savings from cost reduction actions, partially offset by lower margins in Commercial & Residential Solutions. Comparisons also benefited from valves & controls first year acquisition accounting charges of $30 million related to inventory in 2017.
Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses of $1.1 billion increased $123 million compared with the prior year, primarily due to higher volume and acquisitions. SG&A as a percent of sales was 23.6 percent, up 0.6 percent
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versus the prior year, primarily due to the impact of acquisitions and higher incentive stock compensation expense of $14 million, partially offset by leverage on the higher volume.
Other deductions, net were $88 million in 2018, an increase of $1 million compared with the prior year, reflecting higher intangibles amortization of $13 million and other of $2 million, offset by lower restructuring expense of $7 million and prior year backlog amortization related to valves & controls of $7 million. See Note 8.
Pretax earnings from continuing operations of $768 million increased $147 million, or 24 percent. Earnings increased $116 million in Automation Solutions and decreased $15 million in Commercial & Residential Solutions. See Note 10 and the following Business Segments discussion.
Income taxes were $49 million for 2018 and $202 million for 2017, resulting in effective tax rates of 6 percent and 33 percent, respectively. The decrease in the effective rate is largely due to the impact of U.S. tax reform, which included a reduction of the U.S. corporate income tax. Additionally, subsequent to the enactment of U.S. tax reform, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service issued additional guidance, particularly with respect to the calculation of the tax on deemed repatriation of accumulated foreign earnings. As a result of the additional guidance and actions taken in the third fiscal quarter, the Company updated its initial estimates of the impacts of U.S. tax reform and recognized a benefit of $150 million ($0.24 per share), primarily related to an increase in foreign tax credit carryforwards. See Note 1. The effective tax rate for full year 2018 is currently expected to be approximately 19 percent, which includes 7 percentage points of benefit from U.S. tax reform. In 2019 and thereafter, the tax rate is expected to be approximately 25 percent.
Earnings from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders were $712 million, up 75 percent, and diluted earnings per share were $1.12, up 78 percent, including the $0.24 per share impact from the increased foreign tax credit carryforwards in the third quarter. Results for 2017 included valves & controls first year acquisition accounting charges related to inventory and backlog of $(0.04) per share.
Net earnings common stockholders in the third quarter of 2018 were $712 million, up 72 percent, compared with $413 million in the prior year, and earnings per share were $1.12, up 75 percent, compared with $0.64 in 2017. Results for 2017 included the impact of discontinued operations, which was a net loss of $6 million ($0.01 per share). See Note 12.
Business Segments
Following is an analysis of operating results for the Company’s business segments for the third quarter ended June 30, 2018, compared with the third quarter ended June 30, 2017. The Company defines segment earnings as earnings before interest and taxes. See Notes 1 and 10 for a discussion of the Company's business segments.
AUTOMATION SOLUTIONS

Three Months Ended June 30 | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | Change
(dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |
Sales | $ | 2,440 |  |  | 2,870 |  |  | 18 | %
Earnings | $ | 378 |  |  | 494 |  |  | 31 | %
Margin | 15.5 | % |  | 17.2 | % |  |  |

Sales by Major Product Offering |  |  |  |  |
Measurement & Analytical Instrumentation | $ | 744 |  |  | 932 |  |  | 25 | %
Valves, Actuators & Regulators | 772 |  |  | 953 |  |  | 23 | %
Industrial Solutions | 430 |  |  | 465 |  |  | 8 | %
Process Control Systems & Solutions | 494 |  |  | 520 |  |  | 5 | %
Total | $ | 2,440 |  |  | 2,870 |  |  | 18 | %

Automation Solutions sales were $2.9 billion in the third quarter, an increase of $430 million, or 18 percent. Underlying sales increased 12 percent ($271 million) on higher volume. Acquisitions added 4 percent ($120 million) and foreign currency translation had a 2 percent ($39 million) favorable impact. Sales for Measurement & Analytical Instrumentation increased $188 million, or 25 percent, on continued favorable demand from global oil and gas
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customers. Process Control Systems & Solutions increased $26 million, or 5 percent, reflecting favorable demand for MRO and projects focused on expansion and optimization of existing facilities. Valves, Actuators & Regulators increased $181 million, or 23 percent, led by the Valves & Controls acquisition ($93 million) and broad-based demand across end markets, including chemical, power, life sciences and mining. Industrial Solutions sales increased $35 million, or 8 percent, driven by favorable global trends in general industrial end markets. Underlying sales increased 15 percent in the U.S. and 6 percent in Europe. Sales increased 13 percent in Asia as China was up 28 percent, driven by capital investment and strong demand in process automation, hybrid and discrete markets. Sales increased 18 percent in Canada, while Latin America increased 5 percent and Middle East/Africa was up 8 percent. Earnings were $494 million, an increase of $116 million, or 31 percent, due to higher volume, savings from cost reduction actions and lower restructuring expense of $11 million. Margin increased 1.7 percentage points to 17.2 percent, reflecting leverage on higher volume and favorable price-cost, partially offset by higher investment spending.
COMMERCIAL & RESIDENTIAL SOLUTIONS

Three Months Ended June 30 | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | Change
(dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |
Climate Technologies | $ | 1,187 |  |  | 1,236 |  |  | 4 | %
Tools & Home Products | 415 |  |  | 356 |  |  | (14 | )%
Total | $ | 1,602 |  |  | 1,592 |  |  | (1 | )%
Earnings: |  |  |  |  |
Climate Technologies | $ | 305 |  |  | 294 |  |  | (4 | )%
Tools & Home Products | 97 |  |  | 93 |  |  | (4 | )%
Total | $ | 402 |  |  | 387 |  |  | (4 | )%
Margin | 25.1 | % |  | 24.3 | % |  |

Commercial & Residential Solutions sales were $1.6 billion in the third quarter, down $10 million, or 1 percent compared to the prior year. Underlying sales were up 2 percent ($35 million) on higher volume and slightly higher price. Foreign currency translation added 1 percent ($19 million) and the divestiture of the residential storage business, net of acquisitions, deducted 4 percent ($64 million). Climate Technologies sales were $1.2 billion in the third quarter, an increase of $49 million, or 4 percent. Global HVAC sales were up modestly reflecting growth in U.S. and Europe commercial and residential air conditioning, partially offset by lower heating demand in China due to the timing of government subsides and a decline in Middle East/Africa. Global refrigeration sales were up moderately on growth in China and Europe, while sales were down modestly in the U.S. Sensors had solid growth, while temperature controls was down modestly. Tools & Home Products sales were $356 million in the third quarter, a decrease of $59 million, or 14 percent, reflecting the impact of the residential storage divestiture ($75 million). Sales for professional tools were strong on favorable demand in oil and gas and construction-related markets. Wet/dry vacuums were up moderately, while sales were down slightly for food waste disposers. Overall, underlying sales increased 2 percent in the U.S., 5 percent in Europe and 1 percent in Asia (China down 5 percent). Sales were flat in Canada, increased 10 percent in Latin America and decreased 11 percent in Middle East/Africa. Earnings were $387 million, a decrease of $15 million, and margin declined 0.8 percentage points, reflecting higher costs and unfavorable mix, partially offset by savings from cost reduction actions and leverage on higher volume. Higher price largely offset increased materials costs. In addition, the residential storage divestiture reduced earnings by $4 million, but benefited margin comparisons 0.9 percentage points.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30
Following is an analysis of the Company’s operating results for the nine months ended June 30, 2018, compared with the nine months ended June 30, 2017.

| 2017 |  | 2018 |  | Change
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 10,829 |  |  | 12,520 |  |  | 16 | %
Gross profit | $ | 4,600 |  |  | 5,395 |  |  | 17 | %
Percent of sales | 42.5 | % |  | 43.1 | % |  |  |
SG&A | $ | 2,621 |  |  | 3,078 |  |  |  |
Percent of sales | 24.2 | % |  | 24.6 | % |  |  |
Other deductions, net | $ | 203 |  |  | 275 |  |  |  |
Interest expense, net | $ | 126 |  |  | 113 |  |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 1,650 |  |  | 1,929 |  |  | 17 | %
Percent of sales | 15.2 | % |  | 15.4 | % |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations common stockholders | $ | 1,147 |  |  | 1,586 |  |  | 38 | %
Net earnings common stockholders | $ | 1,014 |  |  | 1,586 |  |  | 56 | %
Percent of sales | 9.4 | % |  | 12.7 | % |  |  |
Diluted EPS - Earnings from continuing operations | $ | 1.77 |  |  | 2.49 |  |  | 41 | %
Diluted EPS - Net earnings | $ | 1.57 |  |  | 2.49 |  |  | 59 | %

Net sales for the first nine months of 2018 were $12.5 billion, an increase of $1.7 billion, or 16 percent compared with $10.8 billion in 2017. Underlying sales were up 8 percent ($816 million) on higher volume. Acquisitions added 8 percent ($859 million) and foreign currency translation added 2 percent ($243 million), while the divestiture of the residential storage business subtracted 2 percent ($227 million). Underlying sales increased 9 percent in the U.S. and 7 percent internationally. Sales were up 2 percent in Europe, 11 percent in Asia (China up 19 percent) and increased 2 percent in Latin America. Canada and Middle East/Africa were up 13 percent and 7 percent, respectively. Sales increased $1.7 billion in Automation Solutions supported by acquisitions and broad-based demand across energy-related and general industrial markets. Commercial & Residential Solutions sales increased $13 million reflecting favorable demand in global HVAC and refrigeration markets, largely offset by the divestiture of the residential storage business.
Cost of sales for 2018 were $7.1 billion, an increase of $896 million versus $6.2 billion in 2017, primarily due to acquisitions, higher volume and the impact of foreign currency translation. Gross margin increased 0.6 percentage points to 43.1 percent, reflecting leverage on higher volume and savings from cost reduction actions, partially offset by a dilutive impact on comparisons of 0.5 percentage points from the valves & controls acquisition.
SG&A expenses of $3.1 billion increased $457 million primarily due to acquisitions and an increase in volume. SG&A as a percent of sales of 24.6 percent increased 0.4 percentage points due to higher incentive stock compensation of $65 million, reflecting an increase in the Company's stock price and progress towards achieving its performance objectives, and the impact of acquisitions, partially offset by leverage on higher volume.
Other deductions, net were $275 million in 2018, an increase of $72 million compared with the prior year, reflecting higher intangibles amortization of $58 million and backlog amortization of $12 million due to acquisitions. Higher acquisition/divestiture-related costs of $16 million were more than offset by lower bad debt expense of $11 million and a decrease in restructuring expense of $7 million. See Note 8.
Pretax earnings from continuing operations of $1.9 billion increased $279 million, or 17 percent. Earnings increased $284 million in Automation Solutions and decreased $8 million in Commercial & Residential Solutions. See Note 10 and the following Business Segments discussion.
On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted tax reform, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act"), which made comprehensive changes to federal income tax laws by moving from a global to a modified territorial tax regime. The
17

Act includes a reduction of the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent along with the elimination of certain deductions and credits, and a one-time “deemed repatriation” of accumulated foreign earnings. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, the Company recognized a net tax benefit of $43 million ($0.07 per share) due to impacts of the Act, consisting of a $98 million benefit on revaluation of net deferred income tax liabilities to the lower tax rate, and $185 million of expense for the tax on deemed repatriation of accumulated foreign earnings and withholding taxes partially offset by $130 million accrued in previous periods for the planned repatriation of non-U.S. cash. Subsequent to the enactment of the Act, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service issued additional guidance, particularly with respect to the calculation of the tax on deemed repatriation of accumulated foreign earnings. As a result of the additional guidance and actions taken in the third fiscal quarter, the Company updated its initial estimates and recognized a benefit of $150 million ($0.24 per share), primarily related to an increase in foreign tax credit carryforwards. These updates resulted in a net tax benefit due to the impacts of the Act of $193 million ($0.30 per share) for the nine months ended June 30, 2018.
The Company continues to review the impacts of the Act and subsequent interpretations. Given its complexities, the ultimate effects on repatriation cost and other tax items may differ from these provisional amounts due to additional regulatory guidance expected to be issued and further evaluation of the Company’s actions, assumptions and interpretations.
Income taxes were $327 million for 2018 and $477 million for 2017, resulting in effective tax rates of 17 percent and 29 percent, respectively. The decrease in the effective rate is largely due to the impact of the Act. The effective tax rate for 2017 included a $47 million ($0.07 per share) income tax benefit from restructuring a foreign subsidiary.
Earnings from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders for 2018 were $1.6 billion, up 38 percent, and diluted earnings per share were $2.49, up 41 percent. Earnings per share include the net tax benefit due to impacts of the Act of $0.30 discussed above. Results also include a $0.12 per share benefit from the lower corporate federal income tax rate on 2018 earnings, partially offset by a $0.04 per share loss on the residential storage divestiture.
Net earnings common stockholders in 2018 were $1.6 billion, up 56 percent, compared with $1.0 billion in the prior year, and earnings per share were $2.49, up 59 percent compared with $1.57 in 2017. Results for 2017 included the impact of discontinued operations, which was a net loss of $133 million ($0.20 per share). See Note 12.
Business Segments
Following is an analysis of operating results for the Company’s business segments for the nine months ended June 30, 2018, compared with the nine months ended June 30, 2017. The Company defines segment earnings as earnings before interest and taxes.
AUTOMATION SOLUTIONS

Nine Months Ended June 30 | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | Change
(dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |
Sales | $ | 6,524 |  |  | 8,213 |  |  | 26 | %
Earnings | $ | 1,032 |  |  | 1,316 |  |  | 28 | %
Margin | 15.8 | % |  | 16.0 | % |  |  |

Sales by Major Product Offering |  |  |  |  |
Measurement & Analytical Instrumentation | $ | 2,162 |  |  | 2,564 |  |  | 19 | %
Valves, Actuators & Regulators | 1,718 |  |  | 2,746 |  |  | 60 | %
Industrial Solutions | 1,216 |  |  | 1,368 |  |  | 12 | %
Process Control Systems & Solutions | 1,428 |  |  | 1,535 |  |  | 8 | %
Total | $ | 6,524 |  |  | 8,213 |  |  | 26 | %

Automation Solutions sales were $8.2 billion in the first nine months of 2018, an increase of $1.7 billion, or 26 percent. Underlying sales increased 10 percent ($668 million) on higher volume. Acquisitions added 13 percent ($847 million) and foreign currency translation had a 3 percent ($174 million) favorable impact. Sales for
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Measurement & Analytical Instrumentation increased 19 percent and Process Control Systems & Solutions increased 8 percent due to increased spending by global oil and gas customers, strong MRO demand and growth of small and mid-sized projects focused on facility expansion and optimization. Valves, Actuators & Regulators increased $1.0 billion, or 60 percent, led by the valves & controls acquisition ($771 million) and broad-based demand across end markets, including energy, power and life sciences. Industrial Solutions sales increased $152 million, or 12 percent, driven by favorable global trends in general industrial end markets. Underlying sales increased 15 percent in the U.S. and 1 percent in Europe. Sales increased 11 percent in Asia as China was up 24 percent, supported by strong demand in process automation and discrete markets. Sales increased 11 percent in Middle East/Africa and 16 percent in Canada, while Latin America was flat. Earnings were $1.3 billion, an increase of $284 million, or 28 percent. The increase was driven by higher volume and leverage, cost reduction savings and lower bad debt expense of $12 million. Margin increased 0.2 percentage points to 16.0 percent. These results reflect a dilutive impact on comparisons from the valves & controls acquisition of 1.6 percentage points, which included higher intangibles amortization of $45 million, or 0.6 percentage points.
COMMERCIAL & RESIDENTIAL SOLUTIONS

Nine Months Ended June 30 | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | Change
(dollars in millions) |  |  |  |  |
Sales: |  |  |  |  |
Climate Technologies | $ | 3,104 |  |  | 3,286 |  |  | 6 | %
Tools & Home Products | 1,210 |  |  | 1,041 |  |  | (14 | )%
Total | $ | 4,314 |  |  | 4,327 |  |  | — | %
Earnings: |  |  |  |  |
Climate Technologies | $ | 715 |  |  | 712 |  |  | — | %
Tools & Home Products | 281 |  |  | 276 |  |  | (2 | )%
Total | $ | 996 |  |  | 988 |  |  | (1 | )%
Margin | 23.1 | % |  | 22.8 | % |  |

Commercial & Residential Solutions sales were $4.3 billion in the first nine months of 2018, an increase of $13 million, or essentially flat compared to the prior year. Underlying sales were up 4 percent ($149 million) on higher volume and slightly higher price. Foreign currency translation added 2 percent ($69 million) and the divestiture of the residential storage business, net of acquisitions, subtracted 6 percent ($205 million). Climate Technologies sales were $3.3 billion in the first nine months of 2018, an increase of $182 million, or 6 percent. Global HVAC sales were up moderately, reflecting robust growth in China, while sales were up moderately in Europe and slightly in the U.S. Global refrigeration sales were strong, led by robust growth in China, while sales in the U.S. were flat. Sensors had strong growth, while temperature controls was down slightly. Tools & Home Products sales were $1.0 billion in the first nine months of 2018, down $169 million or 14 percent compared to the prior year, reflecting the impact of the residential storage divestiture ($227 million). Sales for professional tools were strong on favorable demand in oil and gas and construction-related markets. Wet/dry vacuums also had strong sales growth and food waste disposers were up slightly. Overall, underlying sales increased 1 percent in the U.S., 4 percent in Europe and 12 percent in Asia (China up 13 percent). Sales increased 4 percent in both Latin America and Canada, while sales decreased 5 percent in Middle East/Africa. Earnings were $988 million, down 1 percent compared to the prior year, and margin declined 0.3 percentage points. Higher materials costs and unfavorable mix were partially offset by leverage on higher volume, favorable price and savings from cost reduction actions. In addition, the residential storage divestiture reduced earnings by $16 million, but benefited margin comparisons 0.9 percentage points, while higher warranty costs of $10 million associated with a specific product issue in Climate Technologies partially offset this benefit.
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FINANCIAL CONDITION
Key elements of the Company's financial condition for the nine months ended June 30, 2018 as compared to the year ended September 30, 2017 follow.

| Sept 30, 2017 |  |  | June 30, 2018 |
Working capital (in millions) | $ | 3,207 |  |  | 1,622 |
Current ratio | 1.6 |  |  | 1.2 |
Total debt-to-total capital | 34.8 | % |  | 41.6 | %
Net debt-to-net capital | 15.4 | % |  | 23.4 | %
Interest coverage ratio | 12.6 | X |  | 14.0X |

The Company's debt-to-capital ratios increased primarily due to higher borrowings to support acquisitions and share repurchases. The interest coverage ratio (earnings before income taxes plus interest expense, divided by interest expense) of 14.0 X for the first nine months of 2018 compares to 11.9 X for the first nine months of 2017. The increase reflects higher pretax earnings in the current year.
Operating cash flow from continuing operations for the first nine months of 2018 was $1.9 billion, an increase of $83 million compared with $1.8 billion in the prior year, reflecting higher earnings partially offset by an investment in working capital to support higher levels of sales activity and income taxes paid on the residential storage divestiture. Operating cash flow from continuing operations funded dividends of $924 million and capital expenditures of $314 million. Free cash flow from continuing operations of $1.6 billion (operating cash flow of $1.9 billion less capital expenditures of $314 million) increased $69 million in 2018. Free cash flow from continuing operations was $1.5 billion in 2017 (operating cash flow of $1.8 billion less capital expenditures of $300 million). In the second quarter of 2018, the Company repatriated $800 million of cash held by non-U.S. subsidiaries, which was part of the Company's previously announced plans. These funds along with increased short-term borrowings and divestiture proceeds supported acquisitions of $770 million and common stock purchases of $1 billion. Short-term borrowings and cash also increased to support the acquisitions which closed in the fourth quarter. See Note 13.
In May 2018, the Company entered into a $3.5 billion five-year revolving backup credit facility with various banks, which replaced the April 2014 $3.5 billion facility. The credit facility is maintained to support general corporate purposes, including commercial paper borrowings. The Company has not incurred any borrowings under this or previous facilities. The credit facility contains no financial covenants and is not subject to termination based on a change of credit rating or material adverse changes. The facility is unsecured and may be accessed under various interest rate and currency denomination alternatives at the Company’s option. Fees to maintain the facility are immaterial.
Emerson's financial structure provides the flexibility necessary to achieve its strategic objectives. The Company has been successful in efficiently deploying cash where needed worldwide to fund operations, complete acquisitions and sustain long-term growth. The Company believes that sufficient funds will be available to meet the Company’s needs in the foreseeable future through operating cash flow, existing resources, short- and long-term debt capacity or backup credit lines.
FISCAL 2018 OUTLOOK
Results for the first nine months of 2018 reflected favorable global demand, broad-based momentum across served markets and strong operational performance. For the full year, consolidated net sales are expected to increase approximately 14 percent, with underlying sales up approximately 7.5 percent, excluding a 5 percent impact from acquisitions and divestitures and 2 percent from currency translation. Automation Solutions fiscal 2018 net sales are expected to increase approximately 21 percent, with underlying sales up approximately 9 percent, excluding a 10 percent impact from acquisitions and 2 percent from currency translation. Commercial & Residential Solutions full year net sales are expected to increase approximately 3 percent, with underlying sales up approximately 4.5 percent, excluding a 3 percent negative impact from acquisitions and divestitures and 1 percent from favorable currency translation. The Company expects full year earnings per share to be $3.30 to $3.40, which includes the $0.30 per share net tax benefit due to impacts of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The outlook also reflects expected fourth quarter charges of $(0.06) per share for Tools & Test and Aventics restructuring and first year acquisition accounting charges, and $(0.03) per share related to a special retirement account contribution to U.S. employees.
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Operating cash flow is expected to be approximately $2.9 billion and capital spending is expected to be approximately $575 million for the full year 2018.
Statements in this report that are not strictly historical may be "forward-looking" statements, which involve risks and uncertainties, and Emerson undertakes no obligation to update any such statements to reflect later developments. These risks and uncertainties include economic and currency conditions, market demand, pricing, protection of intellectual property, and competitive and technological factors, among others, which are set forth in the “Risk Factors” of Part I, Item 1A, and the "Safe Harbor Statement" of Part II, Item 7, to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2017 and in subsequent reports filed with the SEC, which are hereby incorporated by reference, as well as the impact of U.S. tax reform as discussed in Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part I, Item 1, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains a system of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner. This system also is designed to ensure information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company's certifying officers, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on an evaluation performed, the certifying officers have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, there can be no assurance that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures will detect or uncover all failures of persons within the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries to report material information otherwise required to be set forth in the Company's reports.
There was no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
In fiscal 2019, the Company will implement upgrades to its Oracle enterprise resource planning system across a majority of its businesses.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
(c) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (shares in 000s).

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Paid Per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
April 2018 |  | 1,496 |  |  |  | $66.84 |  |  | 1,496 |  |  |  | 43,993
May 2018 |  | 13 |  |  |  | $66.96 |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 43,980
June 2018 |  | 2,144 |  |  |  | $69.56 |  |  | 2,144 |  |  |  | 41,836
Total |  | 3,653 |  |  |  | $68.44 |  |  | 3,653 |  |  |  | 41,836

In November 2015, the Board of Directors authorized the purchase of up to 70 million shares, and 41.8 million shares remain available.
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Item 6. Exhibits
(a) Exhibits (Listed by numbers corresponding to the Exhibit Table of Item 601 in Regulation S-K).

3.1 |  | Bylaws of Emerson Electric Co., as amended through June 5, 2018, incorporated by reference to the Company's Form 8-K dated June 5, 2018, filed on June 11, 2018, Exhibit 3.1.
10.1 |  | Emerson Electric Co. Savings Investment Restoration Plan II.
10.2 |  | Credit Agreement dated as of May 23, 2018, incorporated by reference to Emerson Electric Co. Form 8-K dated May 23, 2018 and filed May 29, 2018, Exhibit 10.1.
12 |  | Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
31 |  | Certifications pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a).
32 |  | Certifications pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
101 |  | Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following documents formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2017 and June 30, 2018, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2018.

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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. |
|  | By | /s/ Frank J. Dellaquila |
|  |  | Frank J. Dellaquila |
|  |  | Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
|  |  | (on behalf of the registrant and as Chief Financial Officer) |
|  |  | August 8, 2018 |

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