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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
______________________
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2023
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____________________ to __________________
Commission file number 1-278
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Missouri |  | 43-0259330
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
8000 W. Florissant Ave. |
P.O. Box 4100 |
St. Louis, | Missouri | 63136
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (314) 553-2000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock of $0.50 par value per share | EMR | New York Stock Exchange
|  | NYSE Chicago
0.375% Notes due 2024 | EMR 24 | New York Stock Exchange
1.250% Notes due 2025 | EMR 25A | New York Stock Exchange
2.000% Notes due 2029 | EMR 29 | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ |  | Accelerated filer | ☐ |  |  |  |  |
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
|  |  |  | Emerging growth company | ☐ |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. Common stock of $0.50 par value per share outstanding at December 31, 2023: 571.7 million sh ares.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
Consolidated Statements of Earnings
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
Three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts; unaudited)

|  |  | Three Months Ended December 31,
|  |  |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |
Net sales |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,373 |  |  | 4,117 |
Cost of sales |  |  |  |  | 1,753 |  |  | 2,201 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses |  |  |  |  | 1,030 |  |  | 1,277 |
Other deductions, net |  |  |  |  | 120 |  |  | 487 |
Interest expense (net of interest income of $20 and $40, respectively) |  |  |  |  | 48 |  |  | 44 |
Interest income from related party |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (31) |
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes |  |  |  |  | 422 |  |  | 139 |
Income taxes |  |  |  |  | 98 |  |  | 7 |
Earnings from continuing operations |  |  |  |  | 324 |  |  | 132 |
Discontinued operations, net of tax of $966 and $—, respectively |  |  |  |  | 2,002 |  |  | — |
Net earnings |  |  |  |  | 2,326 |  |  | 132 |
Less: Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |  |  |  |  | (5) |  |  | (10) |
Net earnings common stockholders |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,331 |  |  | 142 |
Earnings common stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations |  |  |  |  | $ | 329 |  |  | 142 |
Discontinued operations |  |  |  |  | 2,002 |  |  | — |
Net earnings common stockholders |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,331 |  |  | 142 |
Basic earnings per share common stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.56 |  |  | 0.25 |
Discontinued operations |  |  |  |  | 3.43 |  |  | — |
Basic earnings per common share |  |  |  |  | $ | 3.99 |  |  | 0.25 |
Diluted earnings per share common stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.56 |  |  | 0.25 |
Discontinued operations |  |  |  |  | 3.41 |  |  | — |
Diluted earnings per common share |  |  |  |  | $ | 3.97 |  |  | 0.25 |
Weighted average outstanding shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  |  |  | 583.6 |  |  | 570.8 |
Diluted |  |  |  |  | 586.7 |  |  | 573.3 |

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
1

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
Three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(Dollars in millions; unaudited)

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |
| 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings | $ | 2,326 |  |  | 132 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation | 241 |  |  | 174 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pension and postretirement | (16) |  |  | (12) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash flow hedges | 10 |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total other comprehensive income (loss) | 235 |  |  | 165 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Comprehensive income | 2,561 |  |  | 297 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less: Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries | — |  |  | (8) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Comprehensive income common stockholders | $ | 2,561 |  |  | 305 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2

Consolidated Balance Sheets
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts; unaudited)

| Sept 30, 2023 |  | Dec 31, 2023
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |
Cash and equivalents | $ | 8,051 |  |  | 2,076 |
Receivables, less allowances of $100 and $112, respectively | 2,518 |  |  | 2,759 |
Inventories | 2,006 |  |  | 2,432 |
Other current assets | 1,244 |  |  | 1,399 |
Total current assets | 13,819 |  |  | 8,666 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 2,363 |  |  | 2,701 |
Other assets |  |  |
Goodwill | 14,480 |  |  | 17,983 |
Other intangible assets | 6,263 |  |  | 11,270 |
Copeland note receivable and equity investment | 3,255 |  |  | 3,253 |
Other | 2,566 |  |  | 2,640 |
Total other assets | 26,564 |  |  | 35,146 |
Total assets | $ | 42,746 |  |  | 46,513 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |
Short-term borrowings and current maturities of long-term debt | $ | 547 |  |  | 3,227 |
Accounts payable | 1,275 |  |  | 1,234 |
Accrued expenses | 3,210 |  |  | 3,304 |
Total current liabilities | 5,032 |  |  | 7,765 |
Long-term debt | 7,610 |  |  | 7,632 |
Other liabilities | 3,506 |  |  | 4,561 |
Equity |  |  |
Common stock, $0.50 par value; authorized, 1,200.0 shares; issued, 953.4 shares; outstanding, 572.0 shares and 571.7 shares, respectively | 477 |  |  | 477 |
Additional paid-in-capital | 62 |  |  | 140 |
Retained earnings | 40,070 |  |  | 39,910 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (1,253) |  |  | (1,090) |
Cost of common stock in treasury, 381.4 shares and 381.7 shares, respectively | (18,667) |  |  | (18,763) |
Common stockholders’ equity | 20,689 |  |  | 20,674 |
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries | 5,909 |  |  | 5,881 |
Total equity | 26,598 |  |  | 26,555 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 42,746 |  |  | 46,513 |

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

Consolidated Statements of Equity
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
Three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(Dollars in millions; unaudited)

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |
| 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Common stock | $ | 477 |  |  | 477 |  |  |  |  |
Additional paid-in-capital |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | 57 |  |  | 62 |  |  |  |  |
Stock plans | 55 |  |  | 119 |  |  |  |  |
AspenTech purchases of common stock | — |  |  | (41) |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance | 112 |  |  | 140 |  |  |  |  |
Retained earnings |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | 28,053 |  |  | 40,070 |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings common stockholders | 2,331 |  |  | 142 |  |  |  |  |
Dividends paid (per share: $0.52 and $0.525, respectively) | (308) |  |  | (302) |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance | 30,076 |  |  | 39,910 |  |  |  |  |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | (1,485) |  |  | (1,253) |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation | 236 |  |  | 172 |  |  |  |  |
Pension and postretirement | (16) |  |  | (12) |  |  |  |  |
Cash flow hedges | 10 |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance | (1,255) |  |  | (1,090) |  |  |  |  |
Treasury stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | (16,738) |  |  | (18,667) |  |  |  |  |
Purchases | (2,000) |  |  | (175) |  |  |  |  |
Issued under stock plans | 55 |  |  | 79 |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance | (18,683) |  |  | (18,763) |  |  |  |  |
Common stockholders' equity | 10,727 |  |  | 20,674 |  |  |  |  |
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance | 5,952 |  |  | 5,909 |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings (loss) | (5) |  |  | (10) |  |  |  |  |
Stock plans | 35 |  |  | 11 |  |  |  |  |
AspenTech purchases of common stock | — |  |  | (31) |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income | 5 |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance | 5,987 |  |  | 5,881 |  |  |  |  |
Total equity | $ | 16,714 |  |  | 26,555 |  |  |  |  |

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
Three Months Ended December 31, 2022 and 2023
(Dollars in millions; unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended
|  | December 31,
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |
Operating activities |  |  |  |
Net earnings |  | $ | 2,326 |  |  | 132 |
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax |  | (2,002) |  |  | — |
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 260 |  |  | 422 |
Stock compensation |  | 102 |  |  | 74 |
Amortization of acquisition-related inventory step-up |  | — |  |  | 231 |
Changes in operating working capital |  | (289) |  |  | (247) |
Other, net |  | (95) |  |  | (168) |
Cash from continuing operations |  | 302 |  |  | 444 |
Cash from discontinued operations |  | 116 |  |  | (29) |
Cash provided by operating activities |  | 418 |  |  | 415 |
Investing activities |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  | (59) |  |  | (77) |
Purchases of businesses, net of cash and equivalents acquired |  | — |  |  | (8,339) |
Proceeds from subordinated interest |  | 15 |  |  | — |
Other, net |  | (23) |  |  | (37) |
Cash from continuing operations |  | (67) |  |  | (8,453) |
Cash from discontinued operations |  | 2,953 |  |  | 1 |
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities |  | 2,886 |  |  | (8,452) |
Financing activities |  |  |  |
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings |  | (539) |  |  | 2,647 |
Payments of long-term debt |  | (9) |  |  | — |
Dividends paid |  | (306) |  |  | (300) |
Purchases of common stock |  | (2,000) |  |  | (175) |
AspenTech purchases of common stock |  | — |  |  | (72) |
Other, net |  | (41) |  |  | (45) |
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  | (2,895) |  |  | 2,055 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and equivalents |  | 58 |  |  | 7 |
Increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents |  | 467 |  |  | (5,975) |
Beginning cash and equivalents |  | 1,804 |  |  | 8,051 |
Ending cash and equivalents |  | $ | 2,271 |  |  | 2,076 |
Changes in operating working capital |  |  |  |
Receivables |  | $ | 78 |  |  | 94 |
Inventories |  | (193) |  |  | (97) |
Other current assets |  | 14 |  |  | (3) |
Accounts payable |  | (58) |  |  | (89) |
Accrued expenses |  | (130) |  |  | (152) |
Total changes in operating working capital |  | $ | (289) |  |  | (247) |

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. & SUBSIDIARIES
(Dollars and shares in millions, except per share amounts or where noted)
(1) BASIS OF PRESENTATION
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of operating results for the interim periods presented. Adjustments consist of normal and recurring accruals. The consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-Q and consequently do not include all disclosures required for annual financial statements presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023.
(2) REVENUE RECOGNITION
Emerson is a global manufacturer that designs and manufactures products and delivers services that bring technology and engineering together to provide innovative solutions for its customers. The majority of the Company's revenues relate to a broad offering of manufactured products and software which are recognized at the point in time when control transfers, while a smaller portion is recognized over time or relates to sales arrangements with multiple performance obligations. See Note 14 for additional information about the Company's revenues.
The following table summarizes the balances of the Company's unbilled receivables (contract assets), which are reported in Other assets (current and noncurrent), and its customer advances (contract liabilities), which are reported in Accrued expenses and Other liabilities.

| Sept 30, 2023 |  | Dec 31, 2023
Unbilled receivables (contract assets) |  | $ | 1,453 |  |  |  | 1,502 |
Customer advances (contract liabilities) |  | (897) |  |  |  | (1,225) |
Net contract assets (liabilities) |  | $ | 556 |  |  |  | 277 |

The majority of the Company's contract balances relate to (1) arrangements where revenue is recognized over time and payments from customers are made according to a contractual billing schedule, and (2) revenue from term software license arrangements where the license revenue is recognized upfront upon delivery. The decrease in net contract assets was primarily due to the acquisition of National Instruments, which increased contract liabilities by approximately $200, while customer billings slightly exceeded revenue recognized for performance completed during the period. Revenue recognized for the three months ended December 31, 2023 included $368 that was included in the beginning contract liability balance. Other factors that impacted the change in net contract assets were immaterial. Revenue recognized for the three months ended December 31, 2023 for performance obligations that were satisfied in previous periods, including cumulative catchup adjustments on the Company's long-term contracts, was immaterial.
As of December 31, 2023, the Company's backlog relating to unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) performance obligations in contracts with its customers was approximately $8.8 billion (of which $1.2 billion was attributable to AspenTech and approximately $500 was attributable to the National Instruments acquisition). The Company expects to recognize appro ximately 75 percent of its remaining performance obligations as revenue over the next 12 months, with the remainder substantially over the following two years.
6

(3) COMMON SHARES
Reconciliations of weighted-average shares for basic and diluted earnings per common share follow. Earnings allocated to participating securities were inconsequential.

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |
| 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Basic shares outstanding | 583.6 |  |  | 570.8 |  |  |  |  |
Dilutive shares | 3.1 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted shares outstanding | 586.7 |  |  | 573.3 |  |  |  |  |

(4) ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
National Instruments
On October 11, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of National Instruments Corporation (“NI”). NI, which provides software-connected automated test and measurement systems that enable enterprises to bring products to market faster and at a lower cost, had revenues of approximately $1.7 billion and pretax earnings of approximately $170 for the 12 months ended September 30, 2023. NI is now referred to as Test & Measurement and reported as a new segment in the Software and Control business group, see Note 14.
The following table summarizes the components of the purchase consideration reflected in the acquisition accounting for NI.

Cash paid to acquire remaining NI shares not already owned by Emerson |  | $ | 7,833 |
Payoff of NI debt at closing |  | 634 |
Total consideration paid in cash at closing |  | 8,467 |
Fair value of NI shares already owned by Emerson prior to acquisition |  | 137 |
Value of stock-based compensation awards attributable to pre-combination service |  | 49 |
Total purchase consideration |  | $ | 8,653 |

The total purchase consideration for NI was allocated to assets and liabilities as follows. Valuations of acquired assets and liabilities are in-process and subject to refinement.

Cash and equivalents |  | $ | 135 |
Receivables |  | 310 |
Inventory |  | 524 |
Other current assets |  | 140 |
Property, plant and equipment |  | 336 |
Goodwill ($130 expected to be tax-deductible) |  | 3,418 |
Other intangible assets |  | 5,275 |
Other assets |  | 116 |
Total assets |  | 10,254 |
Accounts payable |  | 54 |
Accrued expenses |  | 325 |
Deferred taxes and other liabilities |  | 1,222 |
Total purchase consideration |  | $ | 8,653 |

7

The estimated intangible assets attributable to the transaction are comprised of the following (in millions):

|  | Amount |  | Estimated Weighted Average Life (Years)
Developed technology |  | $ | 1,570 |  |  | 9
Customer relationships |  | 3,360 |  |  | 15
Trade names |  | 210 |  |  | 9
Backlog |  | 135 |  |  | 1
Total |  | $ | 5,275 |  |  |

Results of operations for the three months ended December 31, 2023 attributable to the NI acquisition include sales of $382 and a net loss of $326. The net loss included the impact of inventory step-up amortization, intangibles amortization, retention bonuses, stock compensation expense and restructuring.
Pro Forma Financial Information
The following unaudited proforma consolidated condensed financial results of operations are presented as if the acquisition of NI occurred on October 1, 2022. The pro forma information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved had the acquisition occurred as of that time ($ in millions, except per share amounts).

|  | Three Months Ended December 31,
|  |  | 2022 |  |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |
Net Sales |  |  | $ | 3,821 |  |  |  | 4,136 |  |  |  |
Net earnings from continuing operations common stockholders |  |  | $ | (141) |  |  |  | 420 |  |  |  |
Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations |  |  | $ | (0.24) |  |  |  | 0.73 |  |  |  |

The pro forma results for the three months ended December 31, 2022 include total transaction costs of $198 which were assumed to be incurred in the first quarter of fiscal 2023. These transaction costs include $88 incurred by NI prior to the completion of the transaction and $110 incurred by Emerson in periods subsequent to the first quarter of fiscal 2023. The pro forma results for the three months ended December 31, 2022 also include $105 of ongoing intangibles amortization, as well as backlog amortization of $34, inventory step-up amortization of $213, and retention bonuses of $43 which were all assumed to be incurred in the first quarter of fiscal 2023.
Other Transactions
In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023, the Company acquired two businesses, Flexim, which is reported in the Measurement & Analytical segment, and Afag, which is reported in the Discrete Automation segment, for $712, net of cash acquired. The Company recognized goodwill of $428 (none of which is expected to be tax deductible) and other identifiable intangible assets of $323, primarily customer relationships and intellectual property with a weighted-average useful life of approximately 9 years.
On March 31, 2023, Emerson completed the divestiture of Metran, its Russia-based manufacturing subsidiary. In the first quarter of fiscal 2023, the Company recognized a pretax loss of $47 in Other deductions ($47 after-tax, in total $0.08 per share) related to its exit of business operations in Russia.
(5) DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On May 31, 2023, the Company completed the sale of a majority stake in its Climate Technologies business (which constitutes the former Climate Technologies segment, excluding Therm-O-Disc which was divested earlier in fiscal 2022) to private equity funds managed by Blackstone in a $14.0 billion transaction. Emerson received upfront, pre-tax cash proceeds of approximately $9.7 billion and a note receivable with a face value of $2.25 billion (which accrues 5 percent interest payable in kind by capitalizing interest), while retaining a 40 percent non-controlling common equity interest in a new standalone joint venture between Emerson and Blackstone. The Climate Technologies business,
8

which includes the Copeland compressor business and the entire portfolio of products and services across all residential and commercial HVAC and refrigeration end-markets, had fiscal 2022 net sales of approximately $5.0 billion and pretax earnings of $1.0 billion. The Company recognized a pretax gain of approximately $10.6 billion in the third quarter of fiscal 2023 (approximately $8.4 billion after-tax including tax expense recognized prior to the completion of the transaction related to subsidiary restructurings). The new standalone business is named Copeland. See Note 10 for further details.
On October 31, 2022, the Company completed the divestiture of its InSinkErator business, which manufactures food waste disposers, to Whirlpool Corporation for $3.0 billion. This business had net sales of $630 and pretax earnings of $152 in fiscal 2022. The Company recognized a pretax gain of approximately $2.8 billion (approximately $2.1 billion after-tax) in the first quarter of fiscal 2023.
The financial results of Climate Technologies and InSinkErator ("ISE") are reported as discontinued operations for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and were as follows:

| Three Months Ended December 31, 2022
| Climate Technologies |  | ISE |  | Total
Net sales | $ | 1,064 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 1,113 |
Cost of sales | 702 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 731 |
SG&A | 142 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 150 |
Gain on sale of business | — |  |  | (2,780) |  |  | (2,780) |
Other deductions, net | 32 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 44 |
Earnings before income taxes | 188 |  |  | 2,780 |  |  | 2,968 |
Income taxes | 313 |  |  | 653 |  |  | 966 |
Earnings, net of tax | $ | (125) |  |  | 2,127 |  |  | 2,002 |

Climate Technologies' results for the three months ended December 31, 2022 included lower expense of $27 due to ceasing depreciation and amortization upon the held-for-sale classification. Other deductions, net for Climate Technologies included $27 of transaction-related costs for the three months ended December 31, 2022. Income taxes for the three months ended December 31, 2022 included approximately $275 for Climate Technologies subsidiary restructurings and approximately $660 related to the gain on the InSinkErator divestiture.
Net cash from operating and investing activities for Climate Technologies, InSinkErator and Therm-O-Disc for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

| Climate Technologies |  | ISE and TOD |  |  | Total
| Three Months Ended December 31, |  | Three Months Ended December 31, |  | Three Months Ended December 31, |
|  | 2022 |  |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  | 2022 |  |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  | 2022 |  |  |  | 2023 |  |
Cash from operating activities |  | $ | 205 |  |  |  | (29) |  |  |  | (89) |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 116 |  |  |  | (29) |  |
Cash from investing activities |  | $ | (43) |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 2,996 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,953 |  |  |  | 1 |  |

For the three months ended December 31, 2022, net cash from operating activities reflects the payment of ISE transaction fees and unfavorable working capital. Cash from investing activities reflects the proceeds of approximately $3.0 billion related to the InSinkErator divestiture.
9

(6) PENSION & POSTRETIREMENT PLANS
Total periodic pension and postretirement (income) expense is summarized below:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |
|  | 2022 |  |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service cost |  | $ | 12 |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest cost |  | 54 |  |  |  | 55 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Expected return on plan assets |  | (71) |  |  |  | (74) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net amortization |  | (20) |  |  |  | (14) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | (25) |  |  |  | (24) |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(7) OTHER DEDUCTIONS, NET
Other deductions, net are summarized below:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |
| 2022 |  |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangibles (intellectual property and customer relationships) |  | $ | 118 |  |  |  | 274 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring costs |  | 10 |  |  |  | 83 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition/divestiture costs |  | — |  |  |  | 80 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency transaction (gains) losses |  | (7) |  |  |  | 34 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment-related gains & gains from sales of capital assets |  | (4) |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss on Copeland equity method investment |  | — |  |  |  | 36 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Russia business exit |  | 47 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other |  | (44) |  |  |  | (20) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 120 |  |  |  | 487 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Intangibles amortization for the three months ended December 31, 2023 included $139 related to the NI acquisition. Foreign currency transaction gains for the three months ended December 31, 2022 included a mark-to-market gain of $35 related to foreign currency forward contracts that were terminated in June 2023. Other is composed of several items, including pension expense, litigation costs, provision for bad debt and other items, none of which is individually significant.
10

(8) RESTRUCTURING COSTS
Restructuring expense reflects costs associated with the Company’s ongoing efforts to improve operational efficiency and deploy assets globally in order to remain competitive on a worldwide basis. The Company expects fiscal 2024 restructuring expense and related costs to be approximately $250, including costs to complete actions initiated in the first three months of the year.
Restructuring expense by business segment follows:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |  |
| 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |
Final Control |  | $ | (1) |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Measurement & Analytical |  | 1 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discrete Automation |  | 1 |  |  |  | 10 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Safety & Productivity |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Intelligent Devices |  | 1 |  |  |  | 16 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Control Systems & Software |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Test & Measurement |  | — |  |  |  | 40 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AspenTech |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Software and Control |  | 1 |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate |  | 8 |  |  |  | 26 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 10 |  |  |  | 83 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Corporate restructuring of $26 for the three months ended December 31, 2023 is comprised entirely of integration-related stock compensation expense attributable to NI.
Details of the change in the liability for restructuring costs during the three months ended December 31, 2023 follow:

| Sept 30, 2023 |  | Expense |  | Utilized/Paid |  | Dec 31, 2023
Severance and benefits |  | $ | 85 |  |  |  | 79 |  |  |  | 56 |  |  |  | 108 |
Other |  | 2 |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 3 |
Total |  | $ | 87 |  |  |  | 83 |  |  |  | 59 |  |  |  | 111 |

The tables above do not include $5 and $4 of costs related to restructuring actions incurred for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively, that are required to be reported in cost of sales.
(9) TAXES
Income taxes were $7 in the first quarter of fiscal 2024 and $98 in 2023, resulting in effective tax rates of 5 percent and 23 percent, respectively. The current year rate included a $57 ($0.10 per share) benefit related to discrete tax items and the impact of inventory step-up amortization, which in total had a 16 percentage point impact on the rate. The prior year rate included a 2 per centage point unfavorable impact related to the Russia charge, which had no related tax benefit.
11

(10) EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENT AND NOTE RECEIVABLE
As discussed in Note 5, the Company completed the divestiture of a majority stake in Copeland on May 31, 2023, and received upfront, pre-tax cash proceeds of approximately $9.7 billion and a note receivable with a face value of $2.25 billion, while retaining a 40 percent non-controlling common equity interest in Copeland.
The Company records its share of Copeland's income or loss using the equity method of accounting. For the three months ended December 31, 2023 the Company recorded a loss of $36 in Other deductions to reflect its share of Copeland's losses and a tax benefit of $9 in Income taxes related to Copeland's U.S. business, which is taxed as a partnership (in total, a loss of $0.04 per share). The Company recognized non-cash interest income on the note receivable of $31, which is reported in Interest income from related party and capitalized to the carrying value of the note.
As of December 31, 2023, the carrying values of the retained equity investment and note receivable were $1,129 and $2,124, respectively.
Summarized financial information for Copeland for the three months ended December 31, 2023 is as follows.

| Three Months Ended December 31,
| 2023 |
Net sales | $ | 1,024 |
Gross profit | $ | 345 |
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | (93) |
Net income (loss) | $ | (93) |
Net income (loss) attributable to shareholders | $ | (90) |

(11) OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

| Sept 30, 2023 |  | Dec 31, 2023
Inventories |  |  |  |  |
Finished products |  | $ | 446 |  |  |  | 624 |
Raw materials and work in process |  | 1,560 |  |  |  | 1,808 |
Total |  | $ | 2,006 |  |  |  | 2,432 |

Property, plant and equipment, net |  |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment, at cost |  | $ | 5,524 |  |  |  | 5,953 |  |
Less: Accumulated depreciation |  | 3,161 |  |  |  | 3,252 |  |
Total |  | $ | 2,363 |  |  |  | 2,701 |  |

Goodwill by business segment |  |  |  |  |  |
Final Control |  | $ | 2,660 |  |  |  | 2,687 |  |
Measurement & Analytical |  | 1,545 |  |  |  | 1,568 |  |
Discrete Automation |  | 892 |  |  |  | 910 |  |
Safety & Productivity |  | 388 |  |  |  | 399 |  |
Intelligent Devices |  | 5,485 |  |  |  | 5,564 |  |
Control Systems & Software |  | 668 |  |  |  | 672 |  |
Test & Measurement |  | — |  |  |  | 3,418 |  |
AspenTech |  | 8,327 |  |  |  | 8,329 |  |
Software and Control |  | 8,995 |  |  |  | 12,419 |  |
Total |  | $ | 14,480 |  |  |  | 17,983 |  |

12

| Sept 30, 2023 |  | Dec 31, 2023
Other intangible assets |  |  |
Gross carrying amount |  | $ | 10,111 |  |  |  | 15,481 |
Less: Accumulated amortization |  | 3,848 |  |  |  | 4,211 |
Net carrying amount |  | $ | 6,263 |  |  |  | 11,270 |

Other intangible assets include customer relationships, net, of $3,353 and $6,612 and intellectual property, net, of $2,707 and $4,445 as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
The increase in goodwill and intangibles was primarily due to the NI acquisition. See Note 4.

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |
| 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization expense include the following: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation expense | $ | 74 |  |  | 79 |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangibles (includes $49 and $49 reported in Cost of Sales, respectively) | 167 |  |  | 323 |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of capitalized software | 19 |  |  | 20 |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 260 |  |  | 422 |  |  |  |  |

Amortization of intangibles included $139 related to the NI acquisition for the three months ended December 31, 2023.

| Sept 30, 2023 |  | Dec 31, 2023
Other assets include the following: |  |  |
Pension assets |  | $ | 995 |  |  |  | 1,024 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  | 550 |  |  |  | 635 |
Unbilled receivables (contract assets) |  | 559 |  |  |  | 606 |
Deferred income taxes |  | 100 |  |  |  | 98 |
Asbestos-related insurance receivables |  | 53 |  |  |  | 50 |

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had one operating lease that had not yet commenced with a lease term of approximately 15 years and total undiscounted future minimum payments of approximately $80. This lease is expected to commence in the second quarter of fiscal 2024 and will be recorded as a right-of-use asset and lease liability.

Accrued expenses include the following: |  |  |  |  |
Customer advances (contract liabilities) |  | $ | 861 |  |  |  | 1,133 |
Employee compensation |  | 618 |  |  |  | 499 |
Income taxes |  | 207 |  |  |  | 274 |
Operating lease liabilities (current) |  | 144 |  |  |  | 157 |
Product warranty |  | 84 |  |  |  | 73 |

Other liabilities include the following: |  |  |  |  |
Deferred income taxes |  | $ | 1,959 |  |  |  | 2,827 |
Operating lease liabilities (noncurrent) |  | 404 |  |  |  | 465 |
Pension and postretirement liabilities |  | 435 |  |  |  | 449 |
Asbestos litigation |  | 173 |  |  |  | 169 |

The increase in deferred income tax liabilities reflects the impact of the NI acquisition. See Note 4.
13

(12) FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Hedging Activities – As of December 31, 2023, the notional amount of foreign currency hedge positions was approximately $2.8 billion. All derivatives receiving hedge accounting are cash flow hedges. The majority of hedging gains and losses deferred as of December 31, 2023 are expected to be recognized over the next 12 months as the underlying forecasted transactions occur. Gains and losses on foreign currency derivatives reported in Other deductions, net reflect hedges of balance sheet exposures that do not receive hedge accounting.
Net Investment Hedge – In fiscal 2019, the Company issued euro-denominated debt of €1.5 billion. The euro notes reduce foreign currency risk associated with the Company's international subsidiaries that use the euro as their functional currency and have been designated as a hedge of a portion of the investment in these operations. Foreign currency gains or losses associated with the euro-denominated debt are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and will remain until the hedged investment is sold or substantially liquidated.
The following gains and losses are included in earnings and other comprehensive income (OCI) for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2023:

|  |  |  | Into Earnings |  | Into OCI
|  |  |  | 1st Quarter |  |  |  | 1st Quarter |  |
Gains (Losses) |  | Location |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |
Commodity |  | Cost of sales |  | $ | (8) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency |  | Sales |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 |  |  | 7 |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency |  | Cost of sales |  | 8 |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (3) |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency |  | Other deductions, net |  | 5 |  |  | 15 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Investment Hedges |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Euro denominated debt |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | (123) |  |  | (55) |  |  |  |  |
Total |  |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | 18 |  |  |  |  |  |  | (111) |  |  | (47) |  |  |  |  |

Regardless of whether derivatives and non-derivative financial instruments receive hedge accounting, the Company expects hedging gains or losses to be offset by losses or gains on the related underlying exposures. The amounts ultimately recognized will differ from those presented above for open positions, which remain subject to ongoing market price fluctuations until settlement. Derivatives receiving hedge accounting are highly effective and no amounts were excluded from the as sessment of hedge effectiveness.
Fair Value Measurement – Valuations for all derivatives, the Company's note receivable from Copeland, and the Company's long-term debt fall within Level 2 of the GAAP valuation hierarchy. The fair value of the note receivable as of December 31, 2023 was approximately $2.0 billion, which was lower than the carrying value by approximately $100. See Note 10 for further details. As of December 31, 2023, the fair value of long-term debt was approximately $7.4 billion, which was lower than the carrying value by $847. The fair value of foreign currency contracts, which are reported in Other current assets and Accrued expenses, did not materially change since September 30, 2023. Commodity contracts related to discontinued operations and were novated to Copeland upon the completion of the transaction.
Counterparties to derivatives arran gements are companies with investment-grade credit ratings. The Company has bilateral collateral arrangements with counterparties with credit rating-based posting thresholds that vary depending on the arrangement. If credit ratings on the Company's debt fall below pre-established levels, counterparties can require immediate full collateralization of all derivatives in net liability positions. The maximum amount that could potentially have been required was immaterial. The Company also can demand full collateralization of derivatives in net asset positions should any counterparty credit ratings fall below certain thresholds. No collateral was posted with counterparties and none was held by the Company as of December 31, 2023.
14

(13) ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Activity in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 is shown below, net of income taxes:
| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |
|  | 2022 |  |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ | (1,265) |  |  |  | (1,012) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax of $28 and $13, respectively |  | 236 |  |  |  | 172 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance |  | (1,029) |  |  |  | (840) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pension and postretirement |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | (222) |  |  |  | (247) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of deferred actuarial losses into earnings, net of tax of $4 and $2, respectively |  | (16) |  |  |  | (12) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance |  | (238) |  |  |  | (259) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash flow hedges |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | 2 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gains deferred during the period, net of taxes of $(3) and $(2), respectively |  | 9 |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Reclassification of realized (gains) losses to sales and cost of sales, net of tax of $— and $—, respectively |  | 1 |  |  |  | (3) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance |  | 12 |  |  |  | 9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  | $ | (1,255) |  |  |  | (1,090) |  |  |  |  |  |  |

15

(14) BUSINESS SEGMENTS
As disclosed in Note 4, the Company completed the acquisition of NI on October 11, 2023. NI is now referred to as Test & Measurement and reported as a new segment in the Software and Control business group.
Summarized information about the Company's results of operations by business segment follows:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |
| Sales |  | Earnings (Loss) |  |  |  |
| 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Final Control | $ | 862 |  |  | 940 |  |  | 158 |  |  | 194 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Measurement & Analytical | 749 |  |  | 947 |  |  | 175 |  |  | 235 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discrete Automation | 618 |  |  | 613 |  |  | 121 |  |  | 97 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Safety & Productivity | 310 |  |  | 322 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 68 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Intelligent Devices | 2,539 |  |  | 2,822 |  |  | 517 |  |  | 594 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Control Systems & Software | 606 |  |  | 675 |  |  | 107 |  |  | 149 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Test & Measurement | — |  |  | 382 |  |  | — |  |  | (78) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AspenTech | 243 |  |  | 257 |  |  | (33) |  |  | (35) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Software and Control | 849 |  |  | 1,314 |  |  | 74 |  |  | 36 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock compensation |  |  |  |  | (102) |  |  | (74) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unallocated pension and postretirement costs |  |  |  |  | 45 |  |  | 31 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate and other |  |  |  |  | (64) |  |  | (399) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss on Copeland equity method investment |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (36) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Eliminations/Interest | (15) |  |  | (19) |  |  | (48) |  |  | (44) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income from related party |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 31 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 3,373 |  |  | 4,117 |  |  | 422 |  |  | 139 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Stock compensation for the three months ended December 31, 2023 included $30 of integration-related stock compensation expense attributable to NI ($26 of which was reported as restructuring costs). Corporate and other for the three months ended December 31, 2023 included acquisition-related inventory step-up amortization of $231 and acquisition/divestiture fees and related costs of $130, while 2022 included a loss of $47 related to the Company's exit of business operations in Russia and a mark-to-market gain of $35 related to foreign currency forward contracts that were terminated in June 2023.
16

Depreciation and amortization (includes intellectual property, customer relationships and capitalized software) by business segment are summarized below:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |
Final Control |  | $ | 45 |  |  | 40 |  |  |  |  |  |
Measurement & Analytical |  | 30 |  |  | 40 |  |  |  |  |  |
Discrete Automation |  | 21 |  |  | 22 |  |  |  |  |  |
Safety & Productivity |  | 14 |  |  | 14 |  |  |  |  |  |
Intelligent Devices |  | 110 |  |  | 116 |  |  |  |  |  |
Control Systems & Software |  | 21 |  |  | 21 |  |  |  |  |  |
Test & Measurement |  | — |  |  | 151 |  |  |  |  |  |
AspenTech |  | 123 |  |  | 123 |  |  |  |  |  |
Software and Control |  | 144 |  |  | 295 |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate and other |  | 6 |  |  | 11 |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 260 |  |  | 422 |  |  |  |  |  |

Test & Measurement depreciation and amortization for the three months ended December 31, 2023 included intangibles amortization of $139 due to the acquisition.
Sales by geographic destination, Americas, Asia, Middle East & Africa ("AMEA") and Europe, are summarized below:

| Three Months Ended December 31, |  | Three Months Ended December 31,
| 2022 |  | 2023
|  | Americas |  | AMEA |  | Europe |  | Total |  | Americas |  | AMEA |  | Europe |  | Total
Final Control |  | $ | 446 |  |  | 308 |  |  | 108 |  |  | 862 |  |  | 454 |  |  | 370 |  |  | 116 |  |  | 940 |
Measurement & Analytical |  | 396 |  |  | 246 |  |  | 107 |  |  | 749 |  |  | 475 |  |  | 325 |  |  | 147 |  |  | 947 |
Discrete Automation |  | 291 |  |  | 175 |  |  | 152 |  |  | 618 |  |  | 286 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 165 |  |  | 613 |
Safety & Productivity |  | 236 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 310 |  |  | 243 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 322 |
Intelligent Devices |  | 1,369 |  |  | 746 |  |  | 424 |  |  | 2,539 |  |  | 1,458 |  |  | 873 |  |  | 491 |  |  | 2,822 |
Control Systems & Software |  | 294 |  |  | 185 |  |  | 127 |  |  | 606 |  |  | 325 |  |  | 209 |  |  | 141 |  |  | 675 |
Test & Measurement |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 164 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 119 |  |  | 382 |
AspenTech |  | 112 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 243 |  |  | 140 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 257 |
Software and Control |  | 406 |  |  | 248 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 849 |  |  | 629 |  |  | 368 |  |  | 317 |  |  | 1,314 |
Total |  | $ | 1,775 |  |  | 994 |  |  | 619 |  |  | 3,388 |  |  | 2,087 |  |  | 1,241 |  |  | 808 |  |  | 4,136 |

17

Items 2 and 3.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(Dollars are in millions, except per share amounts or where noted)
OVERVIEW
On October 11, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of National Instruments Corporation (“NI”), which is now referred to as Test & Measurement and reported as a new segment in the Software and Control business group. NI provides software-connected automated test and measurement systems that enable enterprises to bring products to market faster and at a lower cost, and had revenues of approximately $1.7 billion for the 12 months ended September 30, 2023. See Note 4.
For the first quarter of fiscal 2024, net sales were $4.1 billion, up 22 percent compared with the prior year. Underlying sales, which exclude foreign currency translation, acquisitions and divestitures, were up 10 percent. Foreign currency translation had a 1 percent favorable impact, the Test & Measurement acquisition added 12 percent and the divestiture of Metran, Emerson's Russia-based manufacturing subsidiary, deducted 1 percent.
Earnings from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders were $142, down 57 percent, and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations were $0.25, down 55 percent compared with $0.56 in the prior year. Adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations were $1.22, up 56 percent compared with $0.78 in the prior year, reflecting the strong sales growth and operating performance, as well as a $0.13 contribution from Test & Measurement.
The table below presents the Company's diluted earnings per share from continuing operations on an adjusted basis to facilitate period-to-period comparisons and provide additional insight into the underlying, ongoing operating performance of the Company. Adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations excludes intangibles amortization expense, restructuring expense, first year purchase accounting related items and transaction-related costs, and certain gains, losses or impairments.

Three Months Ended Dec 31 |  |  |  | 2022 |  | 2023
Diluted earnings from continuing operations per share |  |  |  | $ | 0.56 |  |  | 0.25 |
Amortization of intangibles |  |  |  | 0.15 |  |  | 0.36 |
Restructuring and related costs |  |  |  | 0.02 |  |  | 0.12 |
Acquisition/divestiture fees and related costs |  |  |  | — |  |  | 0.17 |
Amortization of acquisition-related inventory step-up |  |  |  | — |  |  | 0.38 |
Loss on Copeland equity method investment |  |  |  | — |  |  | 0.04 |
Discrete tax benefits |  |  |  | — |  |  | (0.10) |
Russia business exit |  |  |  | 0.08 |  |  | — |
AspenTech Micromine purchase price hedge |  |  |  | (0.03) |  |  | — |
Adjusted diluted earnings from continuing operations per share |  |  |  | $ | 0.78 |  |  | 1.22 |

18

The table below summarizes the changes in adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations. The items identified below are discussed throughout MD&A, see further discussion above and in the Business Segments and Financial Position sections below.

|  | Three Months Ended
Adjusted diluted earnings from continuing operations per share - Dec 31, 2022 |  | $ | 0.78 |
Operations |  | 0.33 |
Stock compensation |  | 0.08 |
Interest income from related party |  | 0.04 |
Share count |  | 0.02 |
Effective tax rate |  | (0.03) |
Adjusted diluted earnings from continuing operations per share - Dec 31, 2023 |  | $ | 1.22 |

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31
Following is an analysis of the Company’s operating results for the first quarter ended December 31, 2022, compared with the first quarter ended December 31, 2023.

| 2022 |  | 2023 |  | Change
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts) |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ | 3,373 |  |  | 4,117 |  |  | 22 | %
Gross profit | $ | 1,620 |  |  | 1,916 |  |  | 18 | %
Percent of sales | 48.0 | % |  | 46.5 | % |  | (1.5) pts
SG&A | $ | 1,030 |  |  | 1,277 |  |  | 24 | %
Percent of sales | 30.5 | % |  | 31.0 | % |  | 0.5 pts
Other deductions, net | $ | 120 |  |  | 487 |  |  |
Amortization of intangibles | $ | 118 |  |  | 274 |  |  |
Restructuring costs | $ | 10 |  |  | 83 |  |  |
Interest expense, net | $ | 48 |  |  | 44 |  |  |
Interest income from related party | $ | — |  |  | (31) |  |  |
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 422 |  |  | 139 |  |  | (67) | %
Percent of sales | 12.5 | % |  | 3.4 | % |  | (9.1) pts
Earnings from continuing operations common stockholders | $ | 329 |  |  | 142 |  |  | (57) | %
Percent of sales | 9.8 | % |  | 3.4 | % |  | (6.4) pts
Net earnings common stockholders | $ | 2,331 |  |  | 142 |  |  | (94) | %
Diluted EPS - Earnings from continuing operations | $ | 0.56 |  |  | 0.25 |  |  | (55) | %
Diluted EPS - Net earnings | $ | 3.97 |  |  | 0.25 |  |  | (94) | %
Adjusted Diluted EPS - Earnings from continuing operations | $ | 0.78 |  |  | 1.22 |  |  | 56 | %

Net sales for the first quarter of fiscal 2024 were $4.1 billion, up 22 percent compared with 2023. Intelligent Devices sales were up 11 percent, while Software and Control sales were up 55 percent, which included the impact of the Test & Measurement acquisition. Underlying sales were up 10 percent on 8 percent higher volume and 2 percent higher price. For eign currency translation had a 1 percent favorable impact, t he Test & Measurement acquisition added 12 percent and the divestiture of Metran, Emerson's Russia-based manufacturing subsidiary, deducted 1 percent. Underlying sales were up 9 percent in the U.S. and up 11 percent internationally. The Americas was up 8 percent, Europe was up 10 percent, and Asia, Middle East & Africa was up 15 percent (China up 9 percent).
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Cost of sales for the first quarter of fiscal 2024 were $2,201, an increase of $448 compared with 2023, reflecting the impact of higher volume and the Test & Measurement acquisition. Gross margin of 46.5% decreased 1.5 percentage po ints, reflecting the impact from acquisition-related inventory step-up amortization of $231, which negatively impacted margins by 5.6 percentage points. Excluding this impact, gross margin improved due to the Test & Measurement acquisition and higher price.
Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expens es of $1,277 increased $247 and SG&A as a percent of sales increased 0.5 percentage points to 31.0 percent compared with the prior year, reflecting the impact of the Test & Measurement acquisition, partially offset by lower stock compensation expense and strong operating leverage on higher sales.
Other deductions, net were $487 for the first quarter of fiscal 2024, an increase of $367 compared with the prior year. The current year included intangibles amortization r elated to the Test & Measurement acquisition of $139, restructuring costs of $83, acquisition/divestiture costs of $80 and a loss of $36 on the Company's equity method investment in Copeland. The prior year included a charge of $47 related to the Company exiting its business in Russia and a mark-to-market gain of $35 related to foreign currency forward contracts that were terminated in June 2023. See Note 7 and Note 10.
Pretax earnings from continuing operations of $139 decreased $283, down 67 percent compared with the prior year. Earnings increased $77 in Intelligent Devices and decreased $38 in Software and Control, see the Business Segments discussion that follows and Note 14.
Income taxes were $7 in the first quarter of fiscal 2024 and $98 in 2023, resulting in effective tax rates of 5 percent and 23 percent, respectively. The current year rate included a $57 ($0.10 per share) benefit related to discrete tax items and the impact of inventory step-up amortization, which in total had a 16 percentage point impact on the rate. The prior year rate included a 2 per centage point unfavorable impact related to the Russia charge, which had no related tax benefit.
Earnings from continuing operations attributable to common stockholders were $142, down 57 percent, and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations were $0.25, down 55 percent compared with $0.56 in the prior year. Adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations were $1.22 compared with $0.78 in the prior year, reflecting strong operating results. See the analysis above of adjusted earnings per share for further details.
Earnings from discontinued operations were $2,002 ($3.41 per share) in the prior year, reflecting the $2.1 billion after-tax gain on the InSinkErator divestiture. See Note 5.
Net earnings common stockholders in the first quarter of fiscal 2024 were $142 compared with $2,331 in the prior year, and earnings per share were $0.25 compared with $3.97 in the prior year.
The table below, which shows results from continuing operations on an adjusted EBITA basis, is intended to supplement the Company's discussion of its results of operations herein. The Company defines adjusted EBITA as earnings from continuing operations excluding interest expense, net, income taxes, intangibles amortization expense, restructuring expense, first year purchase accounting related items and transaction-related costs, gains or losses on the Copeland equity method investment, and certain gains, losses or impairments. Adjusted EBITA and adjusted EBITA margin are measures used by management and may be useful for investors to evaluate the Company's operational performance.
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Three Months Ended Dec 31 | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | Change
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 422 |  |  | 139 |  |  | (67) | %
Percent of sales | 12.5 | % |  | 3.4 | % |  | (9.1) pts
Interest expense, net | 48 |  |  | 44 |  |  |
Interest income from related party | — |  |  | (31) |  |  |
Amortization of intangibles | 167 |  |  | 323 |  |  |
Restructuring and related costs | 15 |  |  | 87 |  |  |
Acquisition/divestiture fees and related costs | — |  |  | 134 |  |  |
Amortization of acquisition-related inventory step-up | — |  |  | 231 |  |  |
Loss on Copeland equity method investment | — |  |  | 36 |  |  |
Russia business exit | 47 |  |  | — |  |  |
AspenTech Micromine purchase price hedge gain | (35) |  |  | — |  |  |
Adjusted EBITA from continuing operations | $ | 664 |  |  | 963 |  |  | 45 | %
Percent of sales | 19.7 | % |  | 23.4 | % |  | 3.7 pts

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Business Segments
Following is an analysis of operating results for the Company’s business segments for the first quarter ended December 31, 2022, compared with the first quarter ended December 31, 2023. The Company defines segment earnings as earnings before interest and taxes. See Note 14 for a discussion of the Company's business segments.
INTELLIGENT DEVICES

| 2022 |  | 2023 |  | Change |  | FX |  | Acq/Div |  | U/L
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Final Control | $ | 862 |  |  | 940 |  |  | 9 | % |  | (1) | % |  | 1 | % |  | 9 | %
Measurement & Analytical | 749 |  |  | 947 |  |  | 26 | % |  | — | % |  | 2 | % |  | 28 | %
Discrete Automation | 618 |  |  | 613 |  |  | (1) | % |  | (1) | % |  | — | % |  | (2) | %
Safety & Productivity | 310 |  |  | 322 |  |  | 4 | % |  | (1) | % |  | — | % |  | 3 | %
Total | $ | 2,539 |  |  | 2,822 |  |  | 11 | % |  | (1) | % |  | 1 | % |  | 11 | %
Earnings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Final Control | $ | 158 |  |  | 194 |  |  | 22 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Measurement & Analytical | 175 |  |  | 235 |  |  | 34 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Discrete Automation | 121 |  |  | 97 |  |  | (20) | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Safety & Productivity | 63 |  |  | 68 |  |  | 8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 517 |  |  | 594 |  |  | 15 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Margin | 20.4 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 0.6 pts |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangibles: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Final Control | $ | 22 |  |  | 22 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Measurement & Analytical | 5 |  |  | 20 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discrete Automation | 7 |  |  | 9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Safety & Productivity | 6 |  |  | 6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 40 |  |  | 57 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring and related costs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Final Control | $ | 4 |  |  | 7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Measurement & Analytical | 1 |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discrete Automation | 1 |  |  | 10 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Safety & Productivity | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 6 |  |  | 20 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITA | $ | 563 |  |  | 671 |  |  | 19 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITA Margin | 22.2 | % |  | 23.8 | % |  | 1.6 pts |  |  |  |  |  |

Intelligent Devices sales were $2.8 billion in the first quarter of 2024, an increase of $283, or 11 percent. Underlying sales increased 11 percent on 9 percent higher volume and 2 percent higher price. Unde rlying sales increased 6 percent in the Americas, Europe increased 14 percent and Asia, Middle East & Africa was up 18 percent (China up 10 percent). F inal Control sales increased $78, or 9 percent, reflecting strength in energy and power end markets. Sales for Measurement & Analytical increased $198, or 26 percent, reflecting robust growth in all geographies and strong backlog conversion. Discrete Automation sales decreased $5, or 1 percent, reflecting softness in the Americas and Asia, Middle East & Africa. Safety & Productivity sales increased $12, or 4 percent, reflecting solid demand in the Americas and Europe. Earnings for Intelligent Devices were $594, an increase of $77, or 15 percent, and margin increased 0.6 percentage points to 21.0 percent. Adjusted EBITA margin was 23.8 percent, an increase of 1.6 percentage points, reflecting leverage on higher sales and favorable price less net material inflation, partially offset by higher headcount and other costs.
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SOFTWARE AND CONTROL

| 2022 |  | 2023 |  | Change |  | FX |  | Acq/Div |  | U/L
Sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Control Systems & Software | $ | 606 |  |  | 675 |  |  | 11 | % |  | (1) | % |  | 1 | % |  | 11 | %
Test & Measurement | — |  |  | 382 |  |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |
AspenTech | 243 |  |  | 257 |  |  | 6 | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | 6 | %
Total | $ | 849 |  |  | 1,314 |  |  | 55 | % |  | (1) | % |  | (45) | % |  | 9 | %
Earnings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Control Systems & Software | $ | 107 |  |  | 149 |  |  | 40 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Test & Measurement | — |  |  | (78) |  |  | #DIV/0! |  |  |  |  |  |
AspenTech | (33) |  |  | (35) |  |  | (7) | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 74 |  |  | 36 |  |  | (51) | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Margin | 8.7 | % |  | 2.8 | % |  | (5.9) pts |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangibles: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Control Systems & Software | $ | 6 |  |  | 5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Test & Measurement | — |  |  | 139 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AspenTech | 121 |  |  | 122 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 127 |  |  | 266 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring and related costs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Control Systems & Software | $ | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Test & Measurement | — |  |  | 40 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AspenTech | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 1 |  |  | 41 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITA | $ | 202 |  |  | 343 |  |  | 70 | % |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITA Margin | 23.8 | % |  | 26.1 | % |  | 2.3 pts |  |  |  |  |  |

Software and Control sales were $1,314 in the first quarter of 2024, an increase of $465, or 55 percent compared to the prior year, reflecting the impact of the Test & Measurement acquisition and strong growth in Control Systems & Software. Underlying sales were up 9 percent on 7 percent higher volume and 2 percent higher price. Underlying sales increased 14 percent in the Americas, 2 percent in Europe and 9 percent in Asia, Middle East & Africa (China up 4 percent). Control Systems & Software sales increased $69, or 11 percent, reflecting robust global demand in process end markets and strong demand in power end markets in the Americas and Asia, Middle East & Africa. Test & Measurement sales were $382 in the first quarter, reflecting the impact of the acquisition. AspenTech sales increased $14, or 6 percent, primarily due to higher maintenance and services revenue. Earnings for Software and Control decreased $38, down 51 percent, and margin decreased 5.9 percentage points due to the Test & Measurement loss which reflected significant intangibles amortization and restructuring. Adjusted EBITA margin increased 2.3 percentage points, reflecting leverage on higher sales, higher price and favorable mix.
23

FINANCIAL CONDITION
Key elements of the Company's financial condition for the three months ended December 31, 2023 as compared to the year ended September 30, 2023 and the three months ended December 31, 2022 follow.

| Dec 31, 2022 |  | Sept 30, 2023 |  | Dec 31, 2023
Operating working capital | $ | 351 |  |  | $ | 1,283 |  |  | $ | 2,052 |
Current ratio | 1.1 |  |  | 2.7 |  |  | 1.1 |
Total debt-to-total capital | 48.1 | % |  | 28.3 | % |  | 34.4 | %
Net debt-to-net capital | 41.7 | % |  | 0.5 | % |  | 29.8 | %
Interest coverage ratio | 7.3 | X |  | 11.5 | X |  | 2.6 | X

Operating working capital increased due to the acquisition of NI, changes in accrued expenses and higher inventory levels to support sales growth. As of December 31, 2023, Emerson's cash and equivalents totaled $2,076, which included approximately $180 attributable to AspenTech. The cash held by AspenTech is intended to be used for its own purposes and is not available to return to Emerson shareholders.
The current ratio decreased compared to September 30, 2023, reflecting the decrease in cash and increase in short-term borrowings used to support the NI acquisition. The interest coverage ratio (earnings before income taxes plus interest expense, divided by interest expense) of 2.6X for the first three months of fiscal 2024 compares to 7.3X for the three months ended December 31, 2022, reflecting lower GAAP pretax earnings largely due to the NI acquisition. Excluding the impact from acquisition-related inventory step-up amortization of $231, higher intangibles amortization of $156, acquisition/divestiture fees and related costs of $134, higher restructuring and related costs of $72, and the loss of $36 on the Copeland equity method investment, the interest coverage ratio was 10.1X.
Operating cash flow from continuing operations for the first three months of fiscal 2024 was $444, an increase of $142 compared with $302 in the prior year, reflecting higher earnings (excluding the impact of items related to the NI acquisition). Acquisition-related costs and integration activities negatively impacted operating cash flow in the current year by approximately $100. AspenTech generated approximately $30 compared to $50 in the prior year. Free cas h flow from continuing operations of $367 in the first three months of fiscal 2024 (operating cash flow of $444 less capital expenditures of $77) increased $124 compared to free cash flow of $243 in 2023 (operating cash flow of $302 less capital expenditures of $59), reflecting the increase in operating cash flow. Cash used in investing activities from continuing operations was $8,453, reflecting the acquisition of NI. Cash provided by financing activities from continuing operations was $2,055, reflecting an increase in short-term borrowings of $2,647, partially offset by share repurchases and dividends.
Total cash provided by operating activities was $415 including the impact of discontinued operations, and decreased $3 compared with $418 in the prior year.
Emerson maintains a conservative financial structure to provide the strength and flexibility necessary to achieve our strategic objectives and has been successful in efficiently deploying cash where needed worldwide to fund operations, complete acquisitions and sustain long-term growth. Emerson is in a strong financial position, with total assets of $47 billion and common stockholders' equity of $21 billion, and has the resources available for reinvestment in existing businesses, strategic acquisitions and managing its capital structure on a short- and long-term basis.
24

FISCAL 2024 OUTLOOK
For the full year, consolidated net sales from continuing operations are expected to be up 14.5 percent to 17 percent, with underlying sales up 4.5 percent to 6.5 percent excluding a 10 to 10.5 percent impact from the NI acquisition. Earnings per share from continuing operations are expected to be $2.80 to $2.95, while adjusted earnings per share from continuing operations are expected to be $5.30 to $5.45 (see the following reconciliation).

Outlook for Fiscal 2024 Earnings Per Share |  | 2024
Diluted earnings from continuing operations per share |  | $2.80 - $2.95
Amortization of intangibles |  | ~ 1.42
Restructuring and related costs |  | ~ 0.34
Loss on Copeland equity method investment |  | ~ 0.20
Amortization of acquisition-related inventory step-up |  | ~ 0.38
Acquisition/divestiture fees and related costs |  | ~ 0.26
Discrete tax benefits |  | ~ (0.10)
Adjusted diluted earnings from continuing operations per share |  | $5.30- $5.45

Operating cash flow from continuing operations is expected to be $3.0 to $3.1 billion and free cash flow from continuing operations, which excludes projected capital spending of approximately $0.4 billion, is expected to be $2.6 to $2.7 billion. The fiscal 2024 outlook assumes approximately $500 million returned to shareholders through share repurchases and approximately $1.2 billion of dividend payments.
Statements in this report that are not strictly historical may be "forward-looking" statements, which involve risks and uncertainties, and Emerson undertakes no obligation to update any such statements to reflect later developments. These risks and uncertainties include the scope, duration and ultimate impacts of the Russia-Ukraine and other global conflicts, as well as economic and currency conditions, market demand, pricing, protection of intellectual property, cybersecurity, tariffs, competitive and technological factors, inflation, among others, which are set forth in the “Risk Factors” of Part I, Item 1A, and the "Safe Harbor Statement" of Part II, Item 7, to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023 and in subsequent reports filed with the SEC, which are hereby incorporated by reference.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains a system of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner. This system also is designed to ensure information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company's certifying officers, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on an evaluation performed, the certifying officers have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, there can be no assurance that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures will detect or uncover all failures of persons within the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries to report material information otherwise required to be set forth in the Company's reports.
There was no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
(c) Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (shares in 000s).

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Paid Per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |  | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
October 2023 |  | 1,869 |  |  |  | $93.63 |  |  | 1,869 |  |  |  | 31,415
November 2023 |  | — |  |  |  | $0.00 |  |  | — |  |  |  | 31,415
December 2023 |  | — |  |  |  | $0.00 |  |  | — |  |  |  | 31,415
Total |  | 1,869 |  |  |  | $93.63 |  |  | 1,869 |  |  |  | 31,415

In March 2020, the Board of Directors authorized the purchase of 60 million shares and a total of approximately 31.4 shares remain available for purchase under the authorization.
Item 5. Other Information
During the three-month period ended December 31, 2023, none of our directors or officers adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.
Item 6. Exhibits
(a) Exhibits (Listed by numbers corresponding to the Exhibit Table of Item 601 in Regulation S-K).

10.1 | Letter Agreement dated November 28, 2023 between Emerson Electric Co. and Sara Y. Bosco, incorporated by reference to the Company's Form 8-K filed on November 30, 2023, File No. 1-278, Exhibit 10.1
10.2 | Second Amendment to the Emerson Electric Co. 2006 Incentive Shares Plan.
10.3 | First Amendment to the Emerson Electric Co. 2015 Incentive Shares Plan.
31 |  | Certifications pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a).
32 |  | Certifications pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
101 |  | Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following documents formatted in iXBRL (Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2023, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

26

SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | EMERSON ELECTRIC CO. |
|  | By | /s/ M. J. Baughman |
|  |  | M. J. Baughman |
|  |  | Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
|  |  | and Chief Accounting Officer |
|  |  | (on behalf of the registrant and as Chief Financial Officer) |
|  |  | February 7, 2024 |

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