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SHAREOWNERS' EQUITY | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2019
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract] |
SHAREOWNERS' EQUITY | SHAREOWNERS' EQUITY Capital Stock, Additional Paid-In Capital and Retained Earnings We maintain two classes of common stock, which are distinguished from each other primarily by their respective voting rights. Class A shares are entitled to 10 votes per share, whereas class B shares are entitled to one vote per share. Class A shares are primarily held by UPS employees and retirees, and these shares are fully convertible on a one-to-one basis into class B shares at any time. Class B shares are publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “UPS”. Class A and B shares both have a $0.01 par value, and as of March 31, 2019, there were 4.6 billion class A shares and 5.6 billion class B shares authorized to be issued. Additionally, there are 200 million preferred shares, with a $0.01 par value, authorized to be issued. As of March 31, 2019, no preferred shares had been issued. The following is a rollforward of our common stock, additional paid-in capital, retained earnings and non-controlling minority interest accounts for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (in millions, except per share amounts):
| 2019 |  | 2018
| Shares |  | Dollars |  | Shares |  | Dollars
Class A Common Stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | 163 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | 173 |  |  | $ | 2 |
Common stock purchases | (1 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1 | ) |  | — |
Stock award plans | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |
Common stock issuances | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |
Conversions of class A to class B common stock | (3 | ) |  | — |  |  | (3 | ) |  | — |
Class A shares issued at end of period | 164 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | 174 |  |  | $ | 2 |
Class B Common Stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | 696 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | 687 |  |  | $ | 7 |
Common stock purchases | (2 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1 | ) |  | — |
Conversions of class A to class B common stock | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |
Class B shares issued at end of period | 697 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | 689 |  |  | $ | 7 |
Additional Paid-In Capital |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | — |
Stock award plans |  |  | 169 |  |  |  |  | 20 |
Common stock purchases |  |  | (251 | ) |  |  |  | (136 | )
Common stock issuances |  |  | 114 |  |  |  |  | 155 |
Option premiums received (paid) |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  |  | (39 | )
Balance at end of period |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  |  |  | $ | — |
Retained Earnings |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period |  |  | $ | 8,006 |  |  |  |  | $ | 5,852 |
Net income attributable to common shareowners |  |  | 1,111 |  |  |  |  | 1,345 |
Dividends ($0.96 and $0.91 per share) (1) |  |  | (867 | ) |  |  |  | (840 | )
Common stock purchases |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (119 | )
Reclassification from AOCI pursuant to the early adoption of ASU 2018-02 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 735 |
Other |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  |  | — |
Balance at end of period |  |  | $ | 8,249 |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,973 |
Non-Controlling Minority Interest |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  |  |  | $ | 30 |
Change in non-controlling minority interest |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  | 1 |
Balance at end of period |  |  | $ | 18 |  |  |  |  | $ | 31 |
(1) The dividend per share amount is the same for both class A and class B common stock
We repurchased 2.4 million shares of class A and class B common stock for $251 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019, and 2.2 million shares for $255 million during the three months ended March 31, 2018. In May 2016, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase authorization of $8.0 billion, which has no expiration date. As of March 31, 2019, we had $3.088 billion of this share repurchase authorization available. From time to time, we enter into share repurchase programs with large financial institutions to assist in our buyback of company stock. These programs allow us to repurchase our shares at a price below the weighted average UPS share price for a given period. During the first quarter of 2019, we did not enter into any accelerated share repurchase transactions. In order to lower the average cost of acquiring shares in our ongoing share repurchase program, we periodically enter into structured repurchase agreements involving the use of capped call options for the purchase of UPS class B shares. We pay a fixed sum of cash upon execution of each agreement in exchange for the right to receive either a pre-determined amount of cash or stock. Upon expiration of each agreement, if the closing market price of our common stock is above the pre-determined price, we will have our initial investment returned with a premium in either cash or shares (at our election). If the closing market price of our common stock is at or below the pre-determined price, we will receive the number of shares specified in the agreement. We paid net premiums of $5 million during the first three months of 2019 and $39 million during the first three months of 2018, related to entering into and settling capped call options for the purchase of class B shares. As of March 31, 2019, we had outstanding options for the purchase of 0.3 million shares with a weighted average strike price of $95.95 per share that will settle during 2019. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) We recognize activity in AOCI for unrealized holding gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains and losses from derivatives that qualify as hedges of cash flows and unrecognized pension and postretirement benefit costs. Additionally, effective January 1, 2018, we early adopted an ASU that allowed a reclassification from AOCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act"). The activity in AOCI for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows (in millions):
| 2019 |  | 2018
Foreign currency translation gain (loss), net of tax: |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | (1,126 | ) |  | $ | (930 | )
Translation adjustment (net of tax effect of $9 and $(9)) | 53 |  |  | (6 | )
Reclassification to retained earnings pursuant to the early adoption of ASU 2018-02 | — |  |  | (47 | )
Balance at end of period | (1,073 | ) |  | (983 | )
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax: |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | (2 | ) |  | (2 | )
Current period changes in fair value (net of tax effect of $0 and $(1)) | 4 |  |  | (4 | )
Reclassification to earnings (net of tax effect of $0 and $1) | — |  |  | 1 |
Balance at end of period | 2 |  |  | (5 | )
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax: |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | 40 |  |  | (366 | )
Current period changes in fair value (net of tax effect of $28 and $(33)) | 89 |  |  | (102 | )
Reclassification to retained earnings pursuant to the early adoption of ASU 2018-02 | — |  |  | (79 | )
Reclassification to earnings (net of tax effect of $(4) and $12) | (13 | ) |  | 36 |
Balance at end of period | 116 |  |  | (511 | )
Unrecognized pension and postretirement benefit costs, net of tax: |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | (3,906 | ) |  | (3,569 | )
Reclassification to earnings (net of tax effect of $13 and $12) | 43 |  |  | 39 |
Reclassification to retained earnings pursuant to the early adoption of ASU 2018-02 | — |  |  | (609 | )
Balance at end of period | (3,863 | ) |  | (4,139 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of period | $ | (4,818 | ) |  | $ | (5,638 | )
Detail of the gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI to the statements of consolidated income for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows (in millions):
Three Months Ended March 31: |  |  |  |  |
| Amount Reclassified from AOCI |  | Affected Line Item in the Income Statement
| 2019 |  | 2018 |
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities: |  |  |  |  |
Realized loss on sale of securities | $ | — |  |  | $ | (2 | ) |  | Investment income and other
Income tax (expense) benefit | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | Income tax expense
Impact on net income | — |  |  | (1 | ) |  | Net income
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges: |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts | (6 | ) |  | (6 | ) |  | Interest expense
Foreign exchange contracts | 23 |  |  | (42 | ) |  | Revenue
Income tax (expense) benefit | (4 | ) |  | 12 |  |  | Income tax expense
Impact on net income | 13 |  |  | (36 | ) |  | Net income
Unrecognized pension and postretirement benefit costs: |  |  |  |  |
Prior service costs | (56 | ) |  | (51 | ) |  | Investment income and other
Income tax (expense) benefit | 13 |  |  | 12 |  |  | Income tax expense
Impact on net income | (43 | ) |  | (39 | ) |  | Net income
Total amount reclassified for the period | $ | (30 | ) |  | $ | (76 | ) |  | Net income
Deferred Compensation Obligations and Treasury Stock Activity in the deferred compensation program for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows (in millions):
| 2019 |  | 2018
Shares |  | Dollars |  | Shares |  | Dollars
Deferred Compensation Obligations: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  |  |  | $ | 37 |
Reinvested dividends |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  | 1 |
Benefit payments |  |  | (8 | ) |  |  |  | (7 | )
Balance at end of period |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  |  |  | $ | 31 |
Treasury Stock: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at beginning of period | (1 | ) |  | $ | (32 | ) |  | (1 | ) |  | $ | (37 | )
Reinvested dividends | — |  |  | (1 | ) |  | — |  |  | (1 | )
Benefit payments | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |
Balance at end of period | (1 | ) |  | $ | (25 | ) |  | (1 | ) |  | $ | (31 | )

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- Definition The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208762 + Details
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