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Revenue and Credit Losses
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
REVENUE AND CREDIT LOSSES REVENUE AND CREDIT LOSSES
Our operations primarily consist of providing environmental services. The following table disaggregates our revenue by service line for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in millions of dollars and as a percentage of revenue):
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2025202420252024
Collection:
Residential
$754 17.9 %$740 18.1 %$2,249 18.0 %$2,196 18.3 %
Small-container
1,267 30.1 1,209 29.7 3,768 30.3 3,599 30.0 
Large-container
797 18.9 775 19.0 2,330 18.7 2,278 19.0 
Other
17 0.4 18 0.5 53 0.4 54 0.5 
Total collection
2,835 67.3 2,742 67.3 8,400 67.4 8,127 67.8 
Transfer472 459 1,376 1,336 
Less: intercompany(248)(247)(741)(733)
Transfer, net
224 5.3 212 5.2 635 5.1 603 5.0 
Landfill845 768 2,421 2,234 
Less: intercompany(329)(315)(968)(937)
Landfill, net
516 12.3 453 11.1 1,453 11.7 1,297 10.8 
Environmental solutions449 480 1,393 1,408 
Less: intercompany(16)(15)(49)(47)
Environmental solutions, net
433 10.3 465 11.4 1,344 10.8 1,361 11.4 
Other:
Recycling processing and commodity sales
107 2.5 107 2.6 328 2.6 311 2.6 
Other non-core
97 2.3 97 2.4 296 2.4 287 2.4 
Total other
2044.8 204 5.0 624 5.0 598 5.0 
Total revenue$4,212 100.0 %$4,076 100.0 %$12,456 100.0 %$11,986 100.0 %
Other non-core revenue consists primarily of revenue from National Accounts, which represents the portion of revenue generated from nationwide or regional contracts in markets outside our operating areas where the associated material handling is subcontracted to local operators. Consequently, substantially all of this revenue is offset with related subcontract costs, which are recorded in cost of operations.
Intercompany revenue reflects transactions within and between lines of business that generally are made on a basis intended to reflect the market value of such services.
See Note 12, Segment Reporting, for additional information regarding revenue by reportable segment.
Revenue Recognition
Our service obligations of a long-term nature, e.g., certain collection service contracts, are satisfied over time, and we recognize revenue based on the value provided to the customer during the period. The amount billed to the customer is based on variable elements such as the number of residential homes or businesses for which collection services are provided, the volume of material collected, treated, transported and disposed, and the nature of the material accepted. We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for these contracts as our right to consideration corresponds directly to the value provided to the customer for services completed to date and all future variable consideration is allocated to wholly unsatisfied performance obligations.
Additionally, certain elements of our long-term customer contracts are unknown upon entering into the contract, including the amount that will be billed in accordance with annual price escalation clauses, our fuel recovery fee program and commodity prices. The amount to be billed is often tied to changes in an underlying base index such as a consumer price index or a fuel or commodity index, and revenue can be recognized once the index is established for the period.
Environmental solutions revenue is primarily generated from the fees we charge for the collection, treatment, consolidation, disposal and recycling of hazardous and non-hazardous waste, field and industrial services, equipment rental, emergency response and standby services and in-plant services, such as transportation and logistics, including at our treatment, storage and disposal facilities (TSDF). Activity for this service line varies across markets and reflects the regulatory environment, pricing
and disposal alternatives available in any given market. Revenue recognized is variable in nature and primarily based on the volume and type of waste accepted or processed during the period. For certain field and industrial services contracts, we have a right to consideration from our customers in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Company's performance completed to date. Therefore, we have applied the practical expedient to recognize revenue in the amount to which we have the right to invoice.
Deferred Revenue
The factors that impact the timing and amount of revenue recognized for each service line may vary based on the nature of the service performed. Generally, we recognize revenue at the time we perform a service. In the event that we bill for services in advance of performance, we recognize deferred revenue for the amount billed and subsequently recognize revenue at the time the service is provided. Depending on the nature of the contract, we may also generate revenue through the collection of fuel recovery fees and environmental fees which are designed to recover our internal costs of providing services to our customers.
Substantially all of the deferred revenue recognized as of December 31, 2024 was recognized as revenue during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 when the service was performed.
Deferred Contract Costs
We incur certain upfront payments to acquire customer contracts which are recognized as other assets in our consolidated balance sheet, and we amortize the asset over the respective contract life. In addition, we recognize sales commissions that represent an incremental cost of the contract as other assets in our consolidated balance sheets, and we amortize the asset over the average life of the customer relationship. For the periods ended September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we recognized $81 million and $82 million, respectively, of deferred contract costs and capitalized sales commissions.
Credit Losses
Accounts receivable represent receivables from customers for environmental services, including collection and processing of recyclable materials, collection, transfer, and disposal of solid waste, and environmental solutions. Our receivables are recorded when billed or when the related revenue is earned and represent claims against third parties that will be settled in cash. The carrying value of our receivables, net of the allowance for doubtful accounts and customer credits, represents their estimated net realizable value.
We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts based on various factors including the age of receivables outstanding, historical trends, economic conditions and other information. We also review outstanding balances on an account-specific basis based on the credit risk of the customer. We determined that all of our accounts receivable share similar risk characteristics. We monitor our credit exposure on an ongoing basis and assess whether assets in the pool continue to display similar risk characteristics. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers, but generally do not require collateral to support customer receivables.
The following table reflects the activity in our allowance for doubtful accounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:
20252024
Balance at beginning of year$74 $83 
Additions charged to expense27 20 
Accounts written-off(31)(28)
Balance at end of period$70 $75