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Reportable Segments (Reportable Segments) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended
--- | --- | ---
Dec. 31, 2018 | Sep. 30, 2018 | Jun. 30, 2018 | Mar. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Sep. 30, 2017 | Jun. 30, 2017 | Mar. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2018 | Dec. 31, 2017 | Dec. 31, 2016
Net sales |  | $ 3,035 | $ 3,008 | $ 2,747 | $ 2,500 | $ 2,637 |  | $ 2,607 |  | $ 2,497 |  | $ 2,375 |  | $ 11,290 | $ 10,116 |  | $ 9,390
Depreciation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,199 | 1,083 |  | 1,131
Research, development and engineering expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 993 | 864 |  | 736
Income tax (provision) benefit |  | (54) | (133) | (126) | (124) | (1,978) | [1] | (89) | [1] | (153) | [1] | 66 | [1] | (437) | (2,154) | [1] | 3
Net income (loss) |  | 292 | $ 625 | $ 738 | $ (589) | (1,412) |  | $ 390 |  | $ 439 |  | $ 86 |  | 1,066 | (497) |  | 3,695
Operating Segments [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales | [2] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11,398 | 10,258 |  | 9,440
Depreciation | [3] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,146 | 1,077 |  | 1,119
Research, development and engineering expenses | [4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 850 | 760 |  | 635
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (477) | (442) |  | (421)
Net income (loss) | [5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,784 | 1,659 |  | 1,561
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity |  | 312 |  |  |  | 279 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 312 | 279 |  | 324
Segment assets | [6] | 17,248 |  |  |  | 16,180 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 17,248 | 16,180 |  | 14,167
Capital expenditures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,071 | 1,878 |  | 1,021
Display Technologies [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,276 | 3,137 |  | 3,288
Depreciation | [3] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 585 | 534 |  | 598
Research, development and engineering expenses | [4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 106 | 88 |  | 45
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (221) | (234) |  | (253)
Net income (loss) | [5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 835 | 888 |  | 953
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity |  | 131 |  |  |  | 134 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 131 | 134 |  | 41
Segment assets | [6] | 8,794 |  |  |  | 8,662 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,794 | 8,662 |  | 8,032
Capital expenditures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 755 | 795 |  | 464
Optical Communications [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,192 | 3,545 |  | 3,005
Depreciation | [3] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 218 | 193 |  | 175
Research, development and engineering expenses | [4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 212 | 174 |  | 147
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (163) | (129) |  | (96)
Net income (loss) | [5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 592 | 469 |  | 351
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity |  | 3 |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 | 2 |  | (1)
Segment assets | [6] | 3,042 |  |  |  | 2,599 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,042 | 2,599 |  | 2,010
Capital expenditures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 417 | 505 |  | 245
Specialty Materials [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,479 | 1,403 |  | 1,124
Depreciation | [3] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 136 | 129 |  | 109
Research, development and engineering expenses | [4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 163 | 152 |  | 126
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (83) | (79) |  | (61)
Net income (loss) | [5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 313 | 301 |  | 228
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity |  | 6 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6 | 3 |  |
Segment assets | [6] | 2,176 |  |  |  | 2,155 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,176 | 2,155 |  | 1,604
Capital expenditures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 242 | 223 |  | 120
Environmental Technologies [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,289 | 1,106 |  | 1,032
Depreciation | [3] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 119 | 124 |  | 129
Research, development and engineering expenses | [4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 118 | 113 |  | 102
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (55) | (44) |  | (42)
Net income (loss) | [5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 208 | 165 |  | 159
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 32
Segment assets | [6] | 1,633 |  |  |  | 1,402 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,633 | 1,402 |  | 1,267
Capital expenditures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 273 | 157 |  | 97
Life Sciences [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 946 | 879 |  | 839
Depreciation | [3] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 50 | 52 |  | 58
Research, development and engineering expenses | [4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20 | 22 |  | 24
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (31) | (25) |  | (24)
Net income (loss) | [5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 117 | 95 |  | 90
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |
Segment assets | [6] | 585 |  |  |  | 538 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 585 | 538 |  | 504
Capital expenditures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 55 | 42 |  | 39
All Other [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 216 | 188 |  | 152
Depreciation | [3] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 38 | 45 |  | 50
Research, development and engineering expenses | [4] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 231 | 211 |  | 191
Income tax (provision) benefit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 76 | 69 |  | 55
Net income (loss) | [5] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (281) | (259) |  | (220)
Investment in affiliated companies, at equity |  | 171 |  |  |  | 140 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 171 | 140 |  | 252
Segment assets | [6] | $ 1,018 |  |  |  | $ 824 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,018 | 824 |  | 750
Capital expenditures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 329 | 156 |  | 56
All Other [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 216 | $ 188 |  | $ 152
[1] | In December 2017, the U.S. enacted the 2017 Tax Act which resulted in significant changes to our provision for income taxes during the fourth quarter of 2017. Refer to Note 4 (Income Taxes) to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
[2] | Net sales are attributed to countries based on location of customer.
[3] | Depreciation expense for Corning's reportable segments includes an allocation of depreciation of corporate property not specifically identifiable to a segment.
[4] | Research, development and engineering expenses include direct project spending that is identifiable to a segment.
[5] | Many of Corning's administrative and staff functions are performed on a centralized basis. Where practicable, Corning charges these expenses to segments based upon the extent to which each business uses a centralized function. Other staff functions, such as corporate finance, human resources and legal are allocated to segments, primarily as a percentage of sales.
[6] | Segment assets include inventory, accounts receivable, property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, and associated equity companies and cost investments.

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