10-Q 1 adsk-10312014x10q.htm 10-Q

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended October 31, 2014
or

¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 0-14338

AUTODESK, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 94-2819853
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. employer Identification No.)
111 McInnis Parkway, San Rafael, California |  | 94903
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(415) 507-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer |  | x |  | Accelerated filer |  | ¨
Non-accelerated filer |  | ¨ |  | Smaller reporting company |  | ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of December 2, 2014, registrant had outstanding approximately 227,520,504 shares of common stock.

AUTODESK, INC. FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page No.
| PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements: |
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014 | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 | 6
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 7
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 29
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 48
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 48
| PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 50
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 50
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 63
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 63
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 63
Item 5. | Other Information | 63
Item 6. | Exhibits | 64
| Signatures | 65

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

AUTODESK, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In millions, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Net revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
License and other | $ | 320.5 |  |  | $ | 297.5 |  |  | $ | 987.1 |  |  | $ | 934.2 |
Subscription | 297.5 |  |  | 257.7 |  |  | 860.5 |  |  | 753.1 |
Total net revenue | 618.0 |  |  | 555.2 |  |  | 1,847.6 |  |  | 1,687.3 |
Cost of revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of license and other revenue | 51.9 |  |  | 43.4 |  |  | 154.6 |  |  | 130.6 |
Cost of subscription revenue | 34.1 |  |  | 23.7 |  |  | 98.0 |  |  | 71.8 |
Total cost of revenue | 86.0 |  |  | 67.1 |  |  | 252.6 |  |  | 202.4 |
Gross profit | 532.0 |  |  | 488.1 |  |  | 1,595.0 |  |  | 1,484.9 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketing and sales | 245.1 |  |  | 203.4 |  |  | 708.1 |  |  | 610.3 |
Research and development | 183.9 |  |  | 149.0 |  |  | 533.7 |  |  | 448.7 |
General and administrative | 78.9 |  |  | 55.8 |  |  | 212.9 |  |  | 158.8 |
Amortization of purchased intangibles | 9.5 |  |  | 7.4 |  |  | 30.5 |  |  | 27.5 |
Restructuring charges, net | — |  |  | 4.4 |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | 6.5 |
Total operating expenses | 517.4 |  |  | 420.0 |  |  | 1,488.3 |  |  | 1,251.8 |
Income from operations | 14.6 |  |  | 68.1 |  |  | 106.7 |  |  | 233.1 |
Interest and ot her (expense) income, ne t | (3.0 | ) |  | 1.1 |  |  | (16.6 | ) |  | (9.5 | )
Income before income taxes | 11.6 |  |  | 69.2 |  |  | 90.1 |  |  | 223.6 |
Provision for income taxes | (0.9 | ) |  | (11.6 | ) |  | (19.8 | ) |  | (48.7 | )
Net income | $ | 10.7 |  |  | $ | 57.6 |  |  | $ | 70.3 |  |  | $ | 174.9 |
Basic net income per share | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.26 |  |  | $ | 0.31 |  |  | $ | 0.78 |
Diluted net income per share | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.30 |  |  | $ | 0.77 |
Weighted average shares used in computing basic net income per share | 226.9 |  |  | 223.1 |  |  | 227.1 |  |  | 223.4 |
Weighted average shares used in computing diluted net income per share | 231.5 |  |  | 227.7 |  |  | 231.9 |  |  | 228.6 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

AUTODESK, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In millions)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Net income | $ | 10.7 |  |  | $ | 57.6 |  |  | $ | 70.3 |  |  | $ | 174.9 |
Other comprehensive income, net of reclassifications: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net gain (loss) on derivative instruments (net of tax effect of $0.5, $0.3, ($0.6) and $0.5) | 21.1 |  |  | (6.5 | ) |  | 19.6 |  |  | (1.6 | )
Change in net unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities (net of tax effect of $0.7, ($0.2), $0.7 and ($0.2)) | (0.5 | ) |  | 0.6 |  |  | (2.1 | ) |  | (0.3 | )
Net change in cumulative foreign currency translation (loss) gain (net of tax effect of $3.4, ($1.0), $2.9 and $1.0) | (24.2 | ) |  | 9.3 |  |  | (18.2 | ) |  | 3.5 |
Total other comprehensive (loss) gain | (3.6 | ) |  | 3.4 |  |  | (0.7 | ) |  | 1.6 |
Total comprehensive income | $ | 7.1 |  |  | $ | 61.0 |  |  | $ | 69.6 |  |  | $ | 176.5 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

AUTODESK, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In millions)

| October 31, 2014 |  | January 31, 2014
| (Unaudited) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,345.0 |  |  | $ | 1,853.0 |
Marketable securities | 556.4 |  |  | 414.1 |
Accounts receivable, net | 375.7 |  |  | 423.7 |
Deferred income taxes, net | 80.7 |  |  | 56.8 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 100.9 |  |  | 87.4 |
Total current assets | 2,458.7 |  |  | 2,835.0 |
Marketable securities | 255.5 |  |  | 277.3 |
Computer equipment, software, furniture and leasehold improvements, net | 160.4 |  |  | 130.3 |
Developed technologies, net | 97.2 |  |  | 63.1 |
Goodwill | 1,474.1 |  |  | 1,009.9 |
Deferred income taxes, net | 97.7 |  |  | 131.1 |
Other assets | 193.2 |  |  | 148.3 |
Total assets | $ | 4,736.8 |  |  | $ | 4,595.0 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 99.1 |  |  | $ | 84.5 |
Accrued compensation | 195.3 |  |  | 181.2 |
Accrued income taxes | 38.3 |  |  | 24.3 |
Deferred revenue | 775.1 |  |  | 696.2 |
Other accrued liabilities | 85.5 |  |  | 85.3 |
Total current liabilities | 1,193.3 |  |  | 1,071.5 |
Deferred revenue | 231.1 |  |  | 204.4 |
Long term income taxes payable | 182.0 |  |  | 211.8 |
Long term notes payable, net of discount | 747.0 |  |  | 746.4 |
Other liabilities | 114.9 |  |  | 99.4 |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock | — |  |  | — |
Common stock and additional paid-in capital | 1,731.2 |  |  | 1,637.3 |
Accumulated other comprehen sive (loss) | (1.3 | ) |  | (0.6 | )
Retained earnings | 538.6 |  |  | 624.8 |
Total stockholders’ equity | 2,268.5 |  |  | 2,261.5 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 4,736.8 |  |  | $ | 4,595.0 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

AUTODESK, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In millions)
(Unaudited)

| Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013
Operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 70.3 |  |  | $ | 174.9 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation, amortization and accretion | 109.9 |  |  | 95.7 |
Stock-based compensation expense | 116.5 |  |  | 96.1 |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | — |  |  | 0.8 |
Restructuring charges, net | 3.1 |  |  | 6.5 |
Other operating activities | 9.5 |  |  | (3.1 | )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of business combinations | 141.6 |  |  | 9.1 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 450.9 |  |  | 380.0 |
Investing activities: |  |  |
Purchases of marketable securities | (899.0 | ) |  | (969.8 | )
Sales of marketable securities | 160.7 |  |  | 329.9 |
Maturities of marketable securities | 623.2 |  |  | 395.1 |
Capital expenditures | (60.0 | ) |  | (55.0 | )
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (603.8 | ) |  | (68.0 | )
Other investing activities | 1.2 |  |  | (15.7 | )
Net cash used in investing activities | (777.7 | ) |  | (383.5 | )
Financing activities: |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs | 129.6 |  |  | 183.4 |
Repurchase and retirement of common shares | (307.6 | ) |  | (318.7 | )
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | — |  |  | (0.8 | )
Other financing activities | (1.7 | ) |  | — |
Net cash used in financing activities | (179.7 | ) |  | (136.1 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (1.5 | ) |  | 0.8 |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (508.0 | ) |  | (138.8 | )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of fiscal year | 1,853.0 |  |  | 1,612.2 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 1,345.0 |  |  | $ | 1,473.4 |

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
6

AUTODESK, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Tables in millions, except share and per share data, or as otherwise noted)
1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Autodesk, Inc. (“Autodesk,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”) as of October 31, 2014, and for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information along with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. In management’s opinion, Autodesk made all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring and non-recurring adjustments) during the quarter that were considered necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position and operating results of the Company. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. In addition, the results of operations for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire fiscal year ending January 31, 2015, or for any other period. These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes, together with management’s discussion and analysis of financial position and results of operations contained in Autodesk’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2014, filed on March 10, 2014.
Reclassifications
During the second quarter of fiscal 2015, Autodesk elected to present amortization of purchased customer relationships, trade names, patents, and user lists as a separate line item within operating expenses. As a result, amortization previously reflected in “General and Administrative” expense was reclassified to “Amortization of Purchased Intangibles" within Operating Expenses. These expenses have been reclassified in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013 to conform to the current period presentation as follows:

|  | Nine Months Ended |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
|  | October 31, 2014 |  | October 31, 2013 |  | October 31, 2013
Reclassifications within operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |
(Decrease) to general and administrative |  | $ | (10.9 | ) |  | $ | (7.4 | ) |  | $ | (27.5 | )
Increase to amortization of purchased intangibles |  | 10.9 |  |  | 7.4 |  |  | 27.5 |

2. Recently Issued Accounting Standards
With the exception of those discussed below, there have been no recent changes in accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or adopted by the Company during the nine months ended October 31, 2014, that are of significance, or potential significance, to the Company.
Accounting Standards Adopted in the Nine Months Ended October 31, 2014
Effective February 1, 2014, Autodesk prospectively adopted FASB's Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2013-11 regarding ASC Topic 740 “Income Tax.” This ASU clarifies the guidance on the presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit, in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward. The adoption of this ASU impacted the presentation of tax assets and liabilities on the statement of financial position, but did not impact its results of operations or cash flows.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09 regarding ASC Topic 606 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” This ASU provides principles for recognizing revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This ASU will be effective for Autodesk’s fiscal year beginning February 1, 2017. Early adoption is not permitted. Autodesk is
7

currently evaluating the accounting, transition and disclosure requirements of the standard and cannot currently estimate the financial statement impact of adoption.
3. Concentration of Credit Risk
Autodesk places its cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in highly liquid instruments with, and in the custody of, diversified financial institutions globally with high credit ratings and limits the amounts invested with any one institution, type of security and issuer. Autodesk’s primary commercial banking relationship is with Citigroup Inc. and its global affiliates. Citibank, N.A., an affiliate of Citigroup, is one of the lead lenders and an agent in the syndicate of Autodesk’s $400.0 million line of credit facility. It is Autodesk’s policy to limit the amounts invested with any one institution by type of security and issuer.
Total sales to the distributor Tech Data Corporation, and its global affiliates (“Tech Data”), accounted for 26% of Autodesk’s total net revenue for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, and 24% and 25% of Autodesk’s total net revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, respectively. The majority of the net revenue from sales to Tech Data relates to Autodesk’s Platform Solutions and Emerging Business (“PSEB”) segment and is for sales made outside of the United States. In addition, Tech Data accounted for 22% and 24% of trade accounts receivable at October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014, respectively.
8

4. Financial Instruments
The following tables summarize the Company's financial instruments' amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses, and fair value by significant investment category as of October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014:

|  |  | October 31, 2014
|  |  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross unrealized gains |  | Gross unrealized losses |  | Fair Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Cash equivalents (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Certificates of deposit and time deposits | $ | 328.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 328.1 |  |  | $ | 165.1 |  |  | $ | 163.0 |  |  | $ | — |
| Agency discount note | 57.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 57.3 |  |  | 57.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| Commercial paper and corporate bonds | 216.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 216.8 |  |  | 16.3 |  |  | 200.5 |  |  | — |
| Money market funds | 65.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 65.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 65.3 |  |  | — |
| Other (2) | 7.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7.0 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 5.0 |  |  | — |
Marketable securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Short-term available for sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Commercial paper and certificates of deposit | 242.5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 242.5 |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | 236.3 |  |  | — |
|  | Time deposits | 132.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 132.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 132.3 |  |  | — |
|  | Corporate debt securities | 99.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 99.6 |  |  | 99.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Municipal securities | 22.3 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 22.4 |  |  | 22.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Treasury bill | 6.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6.0 |  |  | 6.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Other (3) | 9.5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9.5 |  |  | 9.5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| Short-term trading securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Mutual funds | 38.7 |  |  | 5.4 |  |  | — |  |  | 44.1 |  |  | 44.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| Long-term available for sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Corporate debt securities | 186.4 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  | 186.6 |  |  | 186.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Agency bond | 40.7 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 40.8 |  |  | 40.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | U.S. government agency securities | 10.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10.0 |  |  | 10.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Municipal securities | 18.0 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 18.1 |  |  | 18.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Convertible debt securities (4) | 16.5 |  |  | 4.8 |  |  | (8.1 | ) |  | 13.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13.2 |
Derivative contracts (5) | 6.2 |  |  | 21.4 |  |  | (7.2 | ) |  | 20.4 |  |  | — |  |  | 16.7 |  |  | 3.7 |
|  | Total | $ | 1,503.2 |  |  | $ | 32.3 |  |  | $ | (15.5 | ) |  | $ | 1,520.0 |  |  | $ | 684.0 |  |  | $ | 819.1 |  |  | $ | 16.9 |

____________________

(1) | Included in “Cash and cash equivalents” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2) | Consists of international government bonds and municipal securities.

(3) | Consists of U.S. government agency securities, agency discount notes, and other short-term securities.

(4) | Considered “available for sale” and included in “Other assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(5) | Included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets,” “Other assets,” or “Other accrued liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

9

|  |  | January 31, 2014
|  |  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross unrealized gains |  | Gross unrealized losses |  | Fair Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Cash equivalents (1): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Certificates of deposit and time deposits | $ | 280.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 280.7 |  |  | $ | 30.4 |  |  | $ | 250.3 |  |  | $ | — |
| Commercial paper | 280.5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 280.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 280.5 |  |  | — |
| Municipal securities | 2.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| Money market funds | 262.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 262.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 262.8 |  |  | — |
Marketable securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Short-term available for sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Commercial paper and corporate debt securities | 261.0 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 261.0 |  |  | 95.4 |  |  | 165.6 |  |  | — |
|  | Time deposits | 37.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 37.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 37.1 |  |  | — |
|  | Agency bond | 42.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 42.7 |  |  | 42.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | U.S. government agency securities | 11.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11.3 |  |  | 11.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Municipal securities | 11.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11.7 |  |  | 11.7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Other (2) | 11.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11.4 |  |  | 11.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| Short-term trading securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Mutual funds | 35.6 |  |  | 3.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 38.9 |  |  | 38.9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| Long-term available for sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Corporate debt securities | 179.7 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  | 180.3 |  |  | 180.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Agency bond | 43.3 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | 43.4 |  |  | 43.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | U.S. government agency securities | 9.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9.8 |  |  | 9.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
|  | Municipal securities | 43.5 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 43.8 |  |  | 43.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Convertible debt securities (3) | 21.4 |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | (4.4 | ) |  | 20.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 20.2 |
Derivative contracts (4) | 10.8 |  |  | 14.8 |  |  | (6.0 | ) |  | 19.6 |  |  | — |  |  | 10.5 |  |  | 9.1 |
|  | Total | $ | 1,545.3 |  |  | $ | 22.4 |  |  | $ | (10.5 | ) |  | $ | 1,557.2 |  |  | $ | 521.1 |  |  | $ | 1,006.8 |  |  | $ | 29.3 |

____________________

(1) | Included in “Cash and cash equivalents” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2) | Consists of agency discount notes, U.S. treasury bills, and other short-term securities.

(3) | Considered “available for sale” and included in “Other assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(4) | Included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets,” “Other assets,” or “Other accrued liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Autodesk classifies its marketable securities as either short-term or long-term based on each instrument’s underlying contractual maturity date. Marketable securities with remaining maturities of less than 12 months are classified as short-term and marketable securities with remaining maturities greater than 12 months are classified as long-term. Autodesk may sell certain of its marketable securities prior to their stated maturities for strategic purposes or in anticipation of credit deterioration.
Autodesk applies fair value accounting for certain financial assets and liabilities, which consist of cash equivalents, marketable securities and other financial instruments, on a recurring basis. The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement: (Level 1) observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; (Level 2) inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and (Level 3) unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require Autodesk to develop its own assumptions. When determining fair value, Autodesk uses observable market data and relies on unobservable inputs only when observable market data is not available. There have been no transfers between fair value measurement levels during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014.
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Autodesk's cash equivalents, marketable securities and financial instruments are primarily classified within Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Autodesk values its available for sale securities on pricing from pricing vendors, who may use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1) or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly in determining fair value (Level 2). Autodesk's Level 2 securities are valued primarily using observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities. Autodesk's Level 3 securities consist of investments held in convertible debt securities and derivative contracts which are valued using probability weighted discounted cash flow models as some of the inputs to the models are unobservable in the market.
A reconciliation of the change in Autodesk’s Level 3 items for the nine months ended October 31, 2014 was as follows:

| Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
| (Level 3)
|  | Derivative Contracts |  | Convertible Debt Securities |  | Total
Balance at January 31, 2014 |  | $ | 9.1 |  |  | $ | 20.2 |  |  | $ | 29.3 |
Purchases |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.5 |
Settlements |  | (1.1 | ) |  | (3.3 | ) |  | (4.4 | )
Net realized (losses) |  | (3.0 | ) |  | (2.2 | ) |  | (5.2 | )
Net unrealized (losses) |  | (1.4 | ) |  | (1.9 | ) |  | (3.3 | )
Balance at October 31, 2014 |  | $ | 3.7 |  |  | $ | 13.2 |  |  | $ | 16.9 |

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of Autodesk's “available-for-sale securities” classified by the contractual maturity date of the security:

| October 31, 2014
| Cost |  | Fair Value
Due within 1 year | $ | 512.2 |  |  | $ | 512.3 |
Due in 1 year through 5 years | 271.6 |  |  | 268.7 |
Total | $ | 783.8 |  |  | $ | 781.0 |

As of October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014, Autodesk did not have any securities in a continuous unrealized loss position for greater than twelve months.
Autodesk also has direct investments in privately held companies accounted for under the cost method, which are periodically assessed for other-than-temporary impairment. If Autodesk determines that an other-than-temporary impairment has occurred, Autodesk writes down the investment to its fair value. Autodesk estimates fair value of its cost method investments considering available information such as pricing in recent rounds of financing, current cash positions, earnings and cash flow forecasts, recent operational performance and any other readily available market data. During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, Autodesk recorded $3.4 million in other-than-temporary impairments on its privately held equity investments. During the nine months ended October 31, 2013, Autodesk recorded no other-than-temporary impairments on its privately held equity investments.
The sales or redemptions of “available-for-sale securities” during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 resulted in a gain of $0.7 million and a loss of $0.2 million, respectively. Gains and losses resulting from the sale or redemption of "available-for-sale securities" are recorded in “Interest and other (expense) income, net” on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
Proceeds from the sale and maturity of marketable securities for the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 were $783.9 million and $725.0 million, respectively.
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Derivative Financial Instruments
Under its risk management strategy, Autodesk uses derivative instruments to manage its short-term exposures to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates which exist as part of ongoing business operations. Autodesk's general practice is to hedge a portion of transaction exposures denominated in euros, Japanese yen, Swiss francs, British pounds, Canadian dollars and Australian dollars. These instruments have maturities between one to twelve months in the future. Autodesk does not enter into derivative instrument transactions for trading or speculative purposes.
The bank counterparties to the derivative contracts potentially expose Autodesk to credit-related losses in the event of their nonperformance. However, to mitigate that risk, Autodesk only contracts with counterparties who meet the Company's minimum requirements under its counterparty risk assessment process. Autodesk monitors ratings, credit spreads and potential downgrades on at least a quarterly basis. Based on Autodesk's on-going assessment of counterparty risk, the Company will adjust its exposure to various counterparties. Autodesk generally enters into master netting arrangements, which reduce credit risk by permitting net settlement of transactions with the same counterparty. However, Autodesk does not have any master netting arrangements in place with collateral features.
Foreign currency contracts designated as cash flow hedges
Autodesk uses foreign currency contracts to reduce the exchange rate impact on a portion of the net revenue or operating expense of certain anticipated transactions. These contracts are designated and documented as cash flow hedges. The effectiveness of the cash flow hedge contracts is assessed quarterly using regression analysis as well as other timing and probability criteria. To receive cash flow hedge accounting treatment, all hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception of the hedge and the hedges are expected to be highly effective in offsetting changes to future cash flows on hedged transactions. The gross gains and losses on these hedges are included in “Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)” and are reclassified into earnings at the time the forecasted revenue or expense is recognized. In the event the underlying forecasted transaction does not occur, or it becomes probable that it will not occur, Autodesk reclassifies the gain or loss on the related cash flow hedge from “Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)” to “Interest and other (expense) income, net” in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements at that time.
The net notional amounts of these contracts are presented net settled and were $401.0 million at October 31, 2014 and $351.7 million at January 31, 2014. Outstanding contracts are recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value. The majority of the net gain of $23.1 million remaining in “Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)” as of October 31, 2014 is expected to be recognized into earnings within the next twelve months.
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Autodesk uses foreign currency contracts which are not designated as hedging instruments to reduce the exchange rate risk associated primarily with foreign currency denominated receivables and payables. These forward contracts are marked-to-market at the end of each fiscal quarter with gains and losses recognized as “Interest and other (expense) income, net.” These derivative instruments do not subject the Company to material balance sheet risk due to exchange rate movements because gains and losses on these derivative instruments are intended to offset the gains or losses resulting from the settlement of the underlying foreign currency denominated receivables and payables. The net notional amounts of these foreign currency contracts are presented net settled and were $24.5 million at October 31, 2014 and $205.5 million at January 31, 2014.
From time to time and consistent with its risk management practices, Autodesk also uses derivative instruments to hedge its economic exposure related to committed, in-process acquisitions priced in foreign currency. Such derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting and are marked-to-market through earnings, with any gain or loss reflected immediately in “Interest and other (expense) income, net,” in each period.
In addition to these foreign currency contracts, Autodesk holds derivative instruments issued by privately held companies, which are not designated as hedging instruments. These derivatives consist of certain conversion options on the convertible debt securities held by Autodesk and an option to acquire a privately held company. These derivatives are recorded at fair value as of each balance sheet date and are recorded in “Other assets.” Changes in the fair values of these instruments are recognized in income as “Interest and other (expense) income, net.”
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Fair Value of Derivative Instruments
The fair values of derivative instruments in Autodesk’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows as of October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014:

| Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value at
| October 31, 2014 |  | January 31, 2014
Derivative Assets |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency contracts designated as cash flow hedges | Prepaid expenses and other current assets (1) |  | $ | 19.7 |  |  | $ | 4.4 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments | Prepaid expenses and other current assets and Other assets |  | 3.7 |  |  | 16.9 |
Total derivative assets |  |  | $ | 23.4 |  |  | $ | 21.3 |
Derivative Liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency contracts designated as cash flow hedges | Other accrued liabilities (2) |  | $ | 3.0 |  |  | $ | 1.7 |
Total derivative liabilities |  |  | $ | 3.0 |  |  | $ | 1.7 |

____________________

(1) | Considering Autodesk's master netting arrangements, these contracts are presented net settled. The gross balance is $20.3 million and $5.9 million at October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014, respectively.

(2) | Considering Autodesk's master netting arrangements, these contracts are presented net settled. The gross balance is $3.6 million and $3.2 million at October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014, respectively.

The effects of derivatives designated as hedging instruments on Autodesk’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively (amounts presented include any income tax effects):

| Foreign Currency Contracts
| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Amount o f gain (loss) rec ognized in accumulated other comprehensive income on derivatives (effective portion) | $ | 22.3 |  |  | $ | (4.6 | ) |  | $ | 22.5 |  |  | $ | 8.0 |
Amount and location of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income (effective portion) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net revenue | $ | 2.1 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | $ | 4.6 |  |  | $ | 11.0 |
Operating expenses | (0.8 | ) |  | (0.3 | ) |  | (1.7 | ) |  | (1.3 | )
Total | $ | 1.3 |  |  | $ | 2.0 |  |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | 9.7 |
Amount and location of gain (loss) recognized in income on derivatives (ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest and other (expense) income, net | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | (0.1 | ) |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | (0.1 | )

The effects of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on Autodesk’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively (amounts presented include any income tax effects):

| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Amount and location of (loss) gain recognized in income on derivatives |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest and other (expense) income, net | $ | (4.5 | ) |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | (14.8 | ) |  | $ | 4.9 |

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5. Stock-based Compensation Expense
Stock Plans
As of October 31, 2014, Autodesk maintained two active stock plans for the purpose of granting equity awards to employees and to non-employee members of Autodesk’s Board of Directors: the 2012 Employee Stock Plan (“2012 Employee Plan”), which is available only to employees, and the Autodesk 2012 Outside Directors’ Plan (“2012 Directors' Plan”), which is available only to non-employee directors. Additionally, there are seven expired or terminated plans with options outstanding. The exercise price of all stock options granted under these plans was equal to the fair market value of the stock on the grant date.
The 2012 Employee Plan was approved by Autodesk's stockholders and became effective on January 6, 2012. On January 14, 2014, Autodesk's stockholders approved amendments to the 2012 Employee Plan, which increased the number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan by 11.4 million shares and added additional performance goals to the plan. The 2012 Employee Plan replaced the 2008 Employee Stock Plan, as amended ("2008 Plan"), and no further equity awards may be granted under the 2008 Plan. The 2012 Employee Plan reserves up to 32.6 million shares which includes 26.6 million shares reserved under the 2012 Employee Plan, as well as up to 6.0 million shares forfeited under certain prior employee stock plans during the life of the 2012 Employee Plan. The 2012 Employee Plan permits the grant of stock options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards. Each restricted stock unit or restricted stock award granted will be counted against the shares authorized for issuance under the 2012 Employee Plan as 1.79 shares. If a granted option, restricted stock unit or restricted stock award expires or becomes unexercisable for any reason, the unpurchased or forfeited shares that were granted may be returned to the 2012 Employee Plan and may become available for future grant under the 2012 Employee Plan. As of October 31, 2014, 20.5 million shares subject to options or restricted stock unit awards have been granted under the 2012 Employee Plan. Options and restricted stock units that were granted under the 2012 Employee Plan vest over periods ranging from immediately upon grant to over a three-year period and options expire 10 years from the date of grant. The 2012 Employee Plan will expire on June 30, 2022. At October 31, 2014, 13.9 million shares were available for future issuance under the 2012 Employee Plan.
The 2012 Outside Directors' Plan ("2012 Directors' Plan") was approved by Autodesk's stockholders and became effective on January 6, 2012. The 2012 Directors' Plan replaced the 2010 Outside Directors' Stock Plan, as amended. The 2012 Directors' Plan permits the grant of stock options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards to non-employee members of Autodesk’s Board of Directors. Each restricted stock unit or restricted stock award granted will be counted against the shares authorized for issuance under the 2012 Directors' Plan as 2.11 shares. As of October 31, 2014, 0.6 million shares subject to restricted stock units have been granted under the 2012 Directors' Plan. Restricted stock units that were granted under the 2012 Directors' Plan vest over one to three years from the date of grant. The 2012 Directors' Plan reserved 2.6 million shares of Autodesk common stock. The 2012 Directors' Plan will expire on June 30, 2022. At October 31, 2014, 2.0 million shares were available for future issuance under the 2012 Directors' Plan.
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The following sections summarize activity under Autodesk’s stock plans.
Stock Options:
A summary of stock option activity for the nine months ended October 31, 2014 is as follows:

| Number of Shares |  | Weighted average exercise price per share |  | Weighted average remaining contractual term |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (3)
| (in millions) |  |  |  | (in years) |  | (in millions)
Options outstanding at January 31, 2014 | 5.9 |  |  | $ | 33.54 |  |  |  |  |
Granted (1) | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Exercised | (2.7 | ) |  | 32.87 |  |  |  |  |
Canceled/Forfeited | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Options outstanding at October 31, 2014 | 3.2 |  |  | $ | 34.12 |  |  | 4.3 |  | $ | 74.6 |
Options vested and exercisable at October 31, 2014 | 2.9 |  |  | $ | 33.44 |  |  | 4.0 |  | $ | 69.4 |
Options vested as of October 31, 2014 and expected to vest thereafter (2) | 3.2 |  |  | $ | 34.12 |  |  | 4.3 |  | $ | 74.6 |
Options available for grant at October 31, 2014 | 15.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

_______________

(1) | Autodesk did not grant stock options in the nine months ended October 31, 2014.

(2) | Options expected to vest reflect an estimated forfeiture rate.

(3) | Represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value, based on Autodesk’s closing stock price of $57.54 per share as of October 31, 2014, which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date.

As of October 31, 2014, compensation cost of $1.6 million related to non-vested options is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.4 years.
The following table summarizes information about the pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised and the weighted average grant date fair value per share of options granted during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| October 31, 2014 |  | October 31, 2013 |  | October 31, 2014 |  | October 31, 2013
Pre-tax intrinsic value of options exercised (1) | $ | 10.3 |  |  | $ | 37.4 |  |  | $ | 54.5 |  |  | $ | 80.2 |
Weighted average grant date fair value per share of stock options granted (2) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

_______________

(1) | The intrinsic value of options exercised is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the option and the market value of the stock on the date of exercise.

(2) | The weighted average grant date fair value per share of stock options granted is calculated, as of the stock option grant date, using the Black-Scholes Merton ("BSM") option pricing model. For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, Autodesk did not grant stock options.

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The following table summarizes information about options outstanding and exercisable at October 31, 2014:

| Options Vested and Exercisable |  | Options Outstanding
| Number of Shares (in millions) |  | Weighted average contractual life (in years) |  | Weighted average exercise price |  | Aggregate intrinsic value (1) (in millions) |  | Number of Shares (in millions) |  | Weighted average contractual life (in years) |  | Weighted average exercise price |  | Aggregate intrinsic value (1) (in millions)
Range of per-share exercise prices: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$2.28 - $29.49 | 1.1 |  |  |  |  | $ | 23.74 |  |  |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  |  | $ | 23.80 |  |  |
$29.50 - $41.62 | 1.4 |  |  |  |  | 38.39 |  |  |  |  | 1.6 |  |  |  |  | 38.41 |  |  |
$42.39 - $43.81 | 0.4 |  |  |  |  | 43.80 |  |  |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  |  | 43.79 |  |  |
| 2.9 |  |  | 4.0 |  | $ | 33.44 |  |  | $ | 69.4 |  |  | 3.2 |  |  | 4.3 |  | $ | 34.12 |  |  | $ | 74.6 |

_______________

(1) | Represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value, based on Autodesk’s closing stock price of $57.54 per share as of October 31, 2014, which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date.

These options will expire if not exercised at specific dates ranging through September 2022.
Restricted Stock Units:
A summary of restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended October 31, 2014 is as follows:

| Unvested Restricted Stock Units |  | Weighted average grant date fair value per share
| (in thousands) |  |
Unvested restricted stock units at January 31, 2014 | 6,515.6 |  |  | $ | 39.15 |
Granted | 3,572.0 |  |  | 52.89 |
Vested | (2,062.5 | ) |  | 38.10 |
Canceled/Forfeited | (380.7 | ) |  | 40.53 |
Performance Adjustment (1) | (74.7 | ) |  | 42.23 |
Unvested restricted stock units at October 31, 2014 | 7,569.7 |  |  | $ | 45.96 |

_______________

(1) | Based on Autodesk's financial results for both the fiscal 2013 and 2014 performance period. The performance stock units were earned at 92.3% and 65.8% of the target award for granted in fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2014, respectively.

For the restricted stock units granted during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, the weighted average grant date fair value was $52.89 and $40.64, respectively. The grant date fair value of the shares vested during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 was $78.6 million and $49.0 million, respectively.
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, Autodesk granted 3.1 million restricted stock units. The restricted stock units vest over periods ranging from immediately upon grant to a pre-determined date that is typically within three years from the date of grant. Restricted stock units are not considered outstanding stock at the time of grant, as the holders of these units are not entitled to any of the rights of a stockholder, including voting rights. The fair value of the restricted stock units is primarily expensed ratably over the vesting period. Autodesk recorded stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units of $31.2 million and $82.1 million during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively. Autodesk recorded stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock units of $18.8 million and $52.4 million during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, respectively. As of October 31, 2014, total compensation cost not yet recognized of $236.2 million related to non-vested restricted stock units is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.9 years. At October 31, 2014, the number of restricted stock units granted but unvested was 6.7 million.
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, Autodesk granted 0.5 million performance restricted stock units (“PSUs”) for which the ultimate number of shares earned is determined based on the achievement of performance criteria at the end of the stated service and performance period. The performance criteria for these grants are based upon billings and
16

subscriptions goals adopted by the Compensation and Human Resource Committee, as well as total stockholder return compared against the S&P Computer Software Select Index (“Relative TSR”). Each PSU covers a three year period:

• | Up to one third of the PSU may vest following year one depending upon the achievement of the billings and subscriptions goals for year one as well as 1 year Relative TSR (covering year one).

• | Up to one third of the PSU may vest following year two depending upon the achievement of the billings and subscriptions goals for year two as well as 2 year Relative TSR (covering years one and two).

• | Up to one third of the PSU may vest following year three depending upon the achievement of the billings and subscriptions goals for year three as well as 3 year Relative TSR (covering years one, two and three).

PSUs are not considered outstanding stock at the time of grant, as the holders of these units are not entitled to any of the rights of a stockholder, including voting rights. Autodesk has determined the grant-date fair value for these awards using a Monte Carlo simulation model since the awards are subject to a market condition. The fair value of the PSUs is expensed using the accelerated attribution over the vesting period. Autodesk recorded stock-based compensation expense related to PSUs of $4.9 million and $12.7 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively. Autodesk recorded stock-based compensation expense related to PSUs of $2.1 million and $6.9 million during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, respectively. As of October 31, 2014, total compensation cost not yet recognized of $7.0 million related to non-vested performance restricted stock units, is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.0 year. At October 31, 2014, the number of PSUs granted but not vested was 0.9 million.
1998 Employee Qualified Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”)
Under Autodesk’s ESPP, which was approved by stockholders in 1998, eligible employees may purchase shares of Autodesk’s common stock at their discretion using up to 15% of their eligible compensation subject to certain limitations, at no less than 85% of fair market value as defined in the ESPP. At October 31, 2014, a total of 36.0 million shares were available for future issuance. This amount automatically increases on the first trading day of each fiscal year by an amount equal to the lesser of 10.0 million shares or 2% of the total of (1) outstanding shares plus (2) any shares repurchased by Autodesk during the prior fiscal year. Under the ESPP, the Company issues shares on the first trading day following March 31 and September 30 of each fiscal year. The ESPP expires during fiscal 2018.
Autodesk issued 1.0 million and 2.1 million shares under the ESPP during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, with an average price of $34.19 and $33.91 per share, respectively. During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, Autodesk issued 1.4 million and 2.9 million shares under the ESPP, at an average price of $22.95 and $22.61 per share, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of awards granted under the ESPP was $15.44 and $15.14 during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, calculated as of the award grant date using the BSM option pricing model. The weighted average grant date fair value of awards granted under the ESPP during both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, calculated as of the award grant date using the BSM option pricing model, was $11.80 per share.
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Stock-based Compensation Expense
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, as follows:

| Three Months Ended October 31, 2014 |  | Three Months Ended October 31, 2013
Cost of license and other revenue | $ | 1.2 |  |  | $ | 0.9 |
Cost of subscription | 1.1 |  |  | 0.5 |
Marketing and sales | 19.4 |  |  | 14.5 |
Research and development | 14.7 |  |  | 10.2 |
General and administrative | 6.7 |  |  | 5.5 |
Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards and ESPP purchases | 43.1 |  |  | 31.6 |
Tax benefit | (11.7 | ) |  | (9.6 | )
Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards and ESPP purchases, net of tax | $ | 31.4 |  |  | $ | 22.0 |
| Nine Months Ended October 31, 2014 |  | Nine Months Ended October 31, 2013
Cost of license and other revenue | $ | 3.2 |  |  | $ | 2.7 |
Cost of subscription | 2.9 |  |  | 1.6 |
Marketing and sales | 51.0 |  |  | 42.5 |
Research and development | 39.3 |  |  | 31.3 |
General and administrative | 20.1 |  |  | 18.0 |
Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards and ESPP purchases | 116.5 |  |  | 96.1 |
Tax benefit | (31.3 | ) |  | (27.0 | )
Stock-based compensation expense related to stock awards and ESPP purchases, net of tax | $ | 85.2 |  |  | $ | 69.1 |

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Stock-based Compensation Expense Assumptions
Autodesk determines the grant-date fair value of its share-based payment awards using a BSM option pricing model or the quoted stock price on the date of grant, unless the awards are subject to market conditions, in which case Autodesk uses a binomial-lattice model (e.g., Monte Carlo simulation model). The Monte Carlo simulation model utilizes multiple input variables to estimate the probability that market conditions will be achieved. Autodesk uses the following assumptions to estimate the fair value of stock-based awards:

| Three Months Ended October 31, 2014 |  | Three Months Ended October 31, 2013
|  | Performance Stock Unit (1) |  | ESPP |  | Performance Stock Unit (1) |  | ESPP
Range of expected volatilities |  | N/A |  | 29 - 30% |  | N/A |  | 30 - 35%
Range of expected lives (in years) |  | N/A |  | 0.5 - 2.0 |  | N/A |  | 0.5 - 2.0
Expected dividends |  | N/A |  | —% |  | N/A |  | —%
Range of risk-free interest rates |  | N/A |  | 0.0 - 0.6% |  | N/A |  | 0.1 - 0.4%
| Nine Months Ended October 31, 2014 |  | Nine Months Ended October 31, 2013
|  | Performance Stock Unit |  | ESPP |  | Performance Stock Unit |  | ESPP
Range of expected volatilities |  | 30% |  | 29 - 33% |  | 34% |  | 27 - 36%
Range of expected lives (in years) |  | N/A |  | 0.5 - 2.0 |  | N/A |  | 0.5 - 2.0
Expected dividends |  | —% |  | —% |  | —% |  | —%
Range of risk-free interest rates |  | 0.1% |  | 0.0 - 0.6% |  | 0.1% |  | 0.1 - 0.4%

_______________

(1) | Autodesk did not grant PSUs in the three months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 that were subject to market conditions.

Autodesk estimates expected volatility for stock-based awards based on the average of the following two measures. The first is a measure of historical volatility in the trading market for the Company’s common stock, and the second is the implied volatility of traded forward call options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. The expected volatility for PSUs subject to market conditions includes the expected volatility of Autodesk's peer companies within the S&P Computer Software Select Index.
Autodesk estimates the expected life of stock-based awards using both exercise behavior and post-vesting termination behavior as well as consideration of outstanding options.
Autodesk does not currently pay, and does not anticipate paying in the foreseeable future, any cash dividends. Consequently, an expected dividend yield of zero is used in the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model and the Monte Carlo simulation model.
The risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model and the Monte Carlo simulation model for stock-based awards is the historical yield on U.S. Treasury securities with equivalent remaining lives.
Autodesk recognizes expense only for the stock-based awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Therefore, Autodesk has developed an estimate of the number of awards expected to cancel prior to vesting (“forfeiture rate”). The forfeiture rate is estimated based on historical pre-vest cancellation experience and is applied to all stock-based awards. The Company estimates forfeitures at the time of grant and revises those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.
6. Income Tax
Autodesk’s effective tax rate was 8% and 22% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, compared to 17% and 22% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, respectively. Autodesk's effective tax rate decreased 9% during the three months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to greater tax rate benefits from foreign earnings, stock-based compensation expense and true-up of prior year U.S. foreign tax credits, partially offset by tax rate detriments from accrual for uncertain tax positions, tax impact of an increase in the forecasted annual rate from the previous quarter and expiration of the federal research and development tax credit provisions.
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Autodesk's effective tax rate remained flat during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to greater tax rate benefits from foreign earnings and true-up of prior year U.S. foreign tax credits, offset by tax rate detriments from stock-based compensation expense, accrual for uncertain tax positions and expiration of the federal research and development tax credit provision. Excluding the impact of discrete tax items, the effective tax rate for each of the three and nine month periods ended October 31, 2014 was 31%, and was lower than the Federal statutory tax rate of 35% primarily due to foreign income taxed at lower rates partially offset by the impact of non-deductible stock based compensation expense and an accrual for uncertain tax positions.
As of October 31, 2014, the Company had $236.7 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest, of which approximately $230.6 million represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would impact the effective tax rate, if recognized. It is possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will change in the next twelve months; however, an estimate of the range of the possible change cannot be made at this time.
At October 31, 2014, Autodesk had net deferred tax assets of $178.4 million. Pursuant to the adoption of ASU 2013-11, $51.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits have been presented as a reduction of deferred tax assets at October 31, 2014. The Company believes that it will generate sufficient future taxable income in appropriate tax jurisdictions to realize these assets.
7. Acquisitions
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, Autodesk completed the business combinations and technology acquisitions described below. The results of operations for the following acquisitions are included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations since their respective acquisition dates. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the effects of the acquisitions, individually and in the aggregate, were not material to Autodesk’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
For acquisitions accounted for as business combinations, Autodesk recorded the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The fair values assigned to the identifiable intangible assets acquired were based on estimates and assumptions determined by management. Autodesk recorded the excess of consideration transferred over the aggregate fair values as goodwill. The goodwill recorded is primarily attributable to synergies expected to arise after the acquisitions.
On June 27, 2014, Autodesk acquired Shotgun Software, Inc. (“Shotgun”) for total consideration of $54.5 million, of which $51.2 million was cash consideration. Prior to acquiring Shotgun, Autodesk had a convertible debt investment in the company with an acquisition-date fair value of $3.3 million using a market approach to value the investment. Shotgun provides a cloud-based production management solution that enabled digital studios to track, schedule, review and collaborate on projects and images. Shotgun has been integrated into, and the related goodwill was assigned to, Autodesk's Media and Entertainment ("M&E") segment. Goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
On May 29, 2014, Autodesk acquired all the outstanding shares of Within Technologies Limited ("Within Technologies”) for total cash consideration of $88.0 million. Autodesk used its non-U.S.-based cash for the transaction. Within Technologies is a United Kingdom based developer of design and simulation software for next generation manufacturing processes. The Within Technologies acquisition is expected to accelerate Autodesk’s development of tools and technologies for advanced manufacturing. Within Technologies has been integrated into Autodesk’s PSEB reportable segment. The amount of goodwill that is expected to be deductible for tax purposes is $78.9 million.
On February 6, 2014, Autodesk acquired the entire issued and to be issued share capital of Delcam plc (“Delcam”), for $284.6 million. Delcam was previously listed as a public company (LON: DLC) and is a leading supplier of advanced CADCAM and industrial measurement solutions for the manufacturing industry. With this transaction Autodesk gains Delcam’s range of design, manufacturing and inspection software that provide automated CADCAM solutions for a variety of industries, ranging from aerospace to toys and sports equipment. The transaction was structured as a cash offer for all the outstanding shares of Delcam, and Delcam has been integrated into Autodesk's Manufacturing ("MFG") reportable segment. The amount of goodwill that is expected to be deductible for tax purposes is $165.1 million.
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, Autodesk also completed a total of sixteen other business combinations and technology acquisitions for total cash consideration of approximately $207.2 million. These business combinations and technology acquisitions were not material individually or in aggregate to Autodesk’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
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The following table summarizes the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed by major class for the business combinations and technology acquisitions completed during the nine months ended October 31, 2014:

| Shotgun |  | Within Technologies |  | Delcam |  | Other
Developed technologies | $ | 5.4 |  |  | $ | 4.6 |  |  | $ | 28.9 |  |  | $ | 35.4 |
Customer relationships and other non-current intangible assets | 7.5 |  |  | 3.6 |  |  | 39.7 |  |  | 9.1 |
Trade name | 1.6 |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | 16.5 |  |  | 5.8 |
Goodwill | 43.2 |  |  | 80.6 |  |  | 192.8 |  |  | 159.6 |
Deferred revenue (current and non-current) | (0.7 | ) |  | — |  |  | (10.4 | ) |  | (0.2 | )
Deferred tax liability | (2.6 | ) |  | (1.7 | ) |  | (15.3 | ) |  | (1.9 | )
Net tangible assets (liabilities) | 0.1 |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  | 32.4 |  |  | (0.6 | )
Total | $ | 54.5 |  |  | $ | 88.0 |  |  | $ | 284.6 |  |  | $ | 207.2 |

For Shotgun and Delcam and certain other business combinations, the allocation of purchase price consideration to certain assets and liabilities is not yet finalized. Autodesk's estimates and assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). The primary areas of the preliminary purchase price allocation that are not yet finalized are amounts for tax assets and liabilities, pending finalization of estimates and assumptions in respect of certain tax aspects of the transaction and residual goodwill.
8. Other Intangible Assets, Net
Other intangible assets that include developed technologies, customer relationships, trade names, patents, user lists and the related accumulated amortization were as follows:

| October 31, 2014 |  | January 31, 2014
Developed technologies, at cost | $ | 537.1 |  |  | $ | 462.4 |
Customer relationships, trade names, patents, and user list, at cost (1) | 352.9 |  |  | 268.1 |
| 890.0 |  |  | 730.5 |
Less: Accumulated amortization | (696.2 | ) |  | (626.2 | )
Other intangible assets, net | $ | 193.8 |  |  | $ | 104.3 |

_______________

(1) | Included in “Other assets” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Customer relationships and trade names include the effects of foreign currency translation.

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9. Goodwill
The change in the carrying amount of goodwill during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 is as follows:

| Platform Solutions and Emerging Business |  | Architecture, Engineering and Construction |  | Manufacturing |  | Media and Entertainment |  | Total
Balances as of January 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill | $ | 142.3 |  |  | $ | 415.2 |  |  | $ | 411.6 |  |  | $ | 190.0 |  |  | $ | 1,159.1 |
Accumulated impairment losses | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (149.2 | ) |  | (149.2 | )
| 142.3 |  |  | 415.2 |  |  | 411.6 |  |  | 40.8 |  |  | 1,009.9 |
Delcam | — |  |  | — |  |  | 192.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 192.8 |
Within Technologies | 80.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 80.6 |
Shotgun | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 43.2 |  |  | 43.2 |
Addition arising from other acquisitions | 110.9 |  |  | 15.5 |  |  | 17.9 |  |  | 15.3 |  |  | 159.6 |
Effect of foreign currency translation and purchase accounting adjustments | (3.8 | ) |  | (6.2 | ) |  | (0.1 | ) |  | (1.9 | ) |  | (12.0 | )
Balance as of October 31, 2014 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Goodwill | 330.0 |  |  | 424.5 |  |  | 622.2 |  |  | 246.6 |  |  | 1,623.3 |
Accumulated impairment losses | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (149.2 | ) |  | (149.2 | )
| $ | 330.0 |  |  | $ | 424.5 |  |  | $ | 622.2 |  |  | $ | 97.4 |  |  | $ | 1,474.1 |

Goodwill consists of the excess of cost over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. Autodesk assigns goodwill to the reportable segment associated with each business combination, and tests goodwill for impairment annually in its fourth fiscal quarter or more often if circumstances indicate a potential impairment. For purposes of the goodwill impairment test, a reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below. Autodesk's operating segments are aligned with the management principles of Autodesk's business.
When goodwill is assessed for impairment, Accounting Standard Update No. 2011-08, "Testing Goodwill for Impairment" provides Autodesk the option to perform an assessment of qualitative factors of impairment (“optional assessment”) prior to necessitating a two-step quantitative impairment test. Should the optional assessment be used for any given fiscal year, qualitative factors to consider include cost factors; financial performance; legal, regulatory, contractual, political, business, or other factors; entity specific factors; industry and market considerations, macroeconomic conditions, and other relevant events and factors affecting the reporting unit. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying value, then performing the two-step impairment test is unnecessary.
Therefore, the two-step quantitative impairment test is necessary when either Autodesk does not use the optional assessment or, as a result of the optional assessment, it is not more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than its carrying value. In performing the two-step impairment test, Autodesk uses discounted cash flow models which include assumptions regarding projected cash flows. Variances in these assumptions could have a significant impact on Autodesk's conclusion as to whether goodwill is impaired, or the amount of any impairment charge. Impairment charges, if any, result from instances where the fair values of net assets associated with goodwill are less than their carrying values. As changes in business conditions and assumptions occur, Autodesk may be required to record impairment charges. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. The value of Autodesk’s goodwill could also be impacted by future adverse changes such as: (i) declines in Autodesk’s actual financial results, (ii) a sustained decline in Autodesk’s market capitalization, (iii) significant slowdown in the worldwide economy or the industries Autodesk serves, or (iv) changes in Autodesk’s business strategy or internal financial results forecasts.
10. Deferred Compensation
At October 31, 2014, Autodesk had marketable securities totaling $811.9 million, of which $44.1 million related to investments in debt and equity securities that are held in a rabbi trust under non-qualified deferred compensation plans. The
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total related deferred compensation liability was $44.1 million at October 31, 2014, of which $4.9 million was classified as current and $39.2 million was classified as non-current liabilities. The value of debt and equity securities held in the rabbi trust at January 31, 2014 was $38.9 million. The total related deferred compensation liability at January 31, 2014 was $38.9 million, of which $1.9 million was classified as current and $37.0 million was classified as non-current liabilities. The securities are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets under the current portion of "Marketable Securities". The current and non-current portions of the liability are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets under “Accrued compensation” and “Other liabilities,” respectively.
11. Computer Equipment, Software, Furniture and Leasehold Improvements, Net
Computer equipment, software, furniture, leasehold improvements and the related accumulated depreciation were as follows:

| October 31, 2014 |  | January 31, 2014
Computer software, at cost | $ | 84.6 |  |  | $ | 80.9 |
Computer hardware, at cost | 185.7 |  |  | 163.0 |
Leasehold improvements, land and buildings, at cost | 180.0 |  |  | 163.7 |
Furniture and equipment, at cost | 49.6 |  |  | 51.7 |
| 499.9 |  |  | 459.3 |
Less: Accumulated depreciation | (339.5 | ) |  | (329.0 | )
Computer software, hardware, leasehold improvements, furniture and equipment, net | $ | 160.4 |  |  | $ | 130.3 |

12. Borrowing Arrangements
In December 2012, Autodesk issued $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.95% senior notes due December 15, 2017 and $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.6% senior notes due December 15, 2022, (collectively, the “Senior Notes”). Autodesk received net proceeds of $739.3 million from issuance of the Senior Notes, net of a discount of $4.5 million and issuance costs of $6.1 million. Both the discount and issuance costs are being amortized to interest expense over the respective terms of the Senior Notes using the effective interest method. The proceeds of the Senior Notes are available for general corporate purposes. Autodesk may redeem the Senior Notes at any time, subject to a make whole premium. In addition, upon the occurrence of certain change of control triggering events, Autodesk may be required to repurchase the Senior Notes, at a price equal to 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of repurchase. The Senior Notes contain restrictive covenants that limit Autodesk's ability to create certain liens, to enter into certain sale and leaseback transactions and to consolidate or merge with, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its assets, subject to significant qualifications and exceptions. Based on quoted market prices, the fair value of the Senior Notes was approximately $755.2 million as of October 31, 2014.
Autodesk’s line of credit facility permits unsecured short-term borrowings of up to $400.0 million, with an option to request an increase in the amount of the credit facility by up to an additional $100.0 million, and is available for working capital or other business needs. This credit agreement contains customary covenants that could restrict the imposition of liens on Autodesk’s assets, and restrict the Company’s ability to incur additional indebtedness or make dispositions of assets if Autodesk fails to maintain the financial covenants. The line of credit is syndicated with various financial institutions, including Citibank, N.A., an affiliate of Citigroup, which is one of the lead lenders and an agent. The credit facility expires in May 2018. At October 31, 2014, Autodesk had no outstanding borrowings on this line of credit.
13. Restructuring
During the third quarter of fiscal 2014, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a world-wide restructuring plan in order to re-balance staffing levels to better align them with the evolving needs of the business. The Company authorized plan included a reduction of approximately 85 positions and the consolidation of four leased facilities, with a total cost of approximately $15.0 million ("Fiscal 2014 Plan"). The Company has substantially paid the one-time termination benefits and facility related liabilities related to the Fiscal 2014 Plan as of October 31, 2014.
During the three months ended October 31, 2014, Autodesk recorded no restructuring charges. During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, Autodesk recorded restructuring charges of $3.1 million. The following table sets forth the restructuring activities during the nine months ended October 31, 2014:
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| Balance at January 31, 2014 |  | Additions |  | Payments |  | Adjustments (1) |  | Balance at October 31, 2014
Fiscal 2014 Plan |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Employee termination costs | $ | 3.5 |  |  | $ | 2.6 |  |  | $ | (6.0 | ) |  | $ | (0.1 | ) |  | $ | — |
Lease termination and asset costs | 1.3 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  | 0.3 |  |  | 1.5 |
Total | $ | 4.8 |  |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | (6.4 | ) |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 1.5 |
Current portion (2) | $ | 3.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.7 |
Non-current portion (2) | 1.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.8 |
Total | $ | 4.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1.5 |

____________________

(1) | Adjustments include the impact of foreign currency translation.

(2) | The current and non-current portions of the reserve are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets under “Other accrued liabilities” and “Other liabilities,” respectively.

14. Commitments and Contingencies
Guarantees and Indemnifications
In the normal course of business, Autodesk provides indemnifications of varying scopes, including limited product warranties and indemnification of customers against claims of intellectual property infringement made by third parties arising from the use of its products or services. Autodesk accrues for known indemnification issues if a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. Historically, costs related to these indemnifications have not been significant, and because potential future costs are highly variable, Autodesk is unable to estimate the maximum potential impact of these indemnifications on its future results of operations.
In connection with the purchase, sale or license of assets or businesses with third parties, Autodesk has entered into or assumed customary indemnification agreements related to the assets or businesses purchased, sold or licensed. Historically, costs related to these indemnifications have not been significant, and because potential future costs are highly variable, Autodesk is unable to estimate the maximum potential impact of these indemnifications on its future results of operations.
As permitted under Delaware law, Autodesk has agreements whereby it indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was, serving at Autodesk’s request in such capacity. The maximum potential amount of future payments Autodesk could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, Autodesk has directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage that is intended to reduce its financial exposure and may enable Autodesk to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. Autodesk believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification agreements in excess of applicable insurance coverage is minimal.
Legal Proceedings
Autodesk is involved in a variety of claims, suits, investigations and proceedings in the normal course of business activities including claims of alleged infringement of intellectual property rights, commercial, employment, piracy prosecution, business practices and other matters. In the Company’s opinion, resolution of pending matters is not expected to have a material adverse impact on its consolidated results of operations, cash flows or its financial position. Given the unpredictable nature of legal proceedings, there is a reasonable possibility that an unfavorable resolution of one or more such proceedings could in the future materially affect the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial position in a particular period, however, based on the information known by the Company as of the date of this filing and the rules and regulations applicable to the preparation of the Company’s financial statements, any such amount is either immaterial or it is not possible to provide an estimated amount of any such potential loss.
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15. Common Stock Repurchase Program
Autodesk has a stock repurchase program that is used to offset dilution from the issuance of stock under the Company’s employee stock plans and for such other purposes as may be in the interests of Autodesk and its stockholders, which has the effect of returning excess cash generated from the Company’s business to stockholders. During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, Autodesk repurchased and retired 1.9 million and 5.8 million shares at an average repurchase price of $54.11 and $52.81 per share, respectively. Common stock and additional paid-in capital and retained earnings were reduced by $47.2 million and $56.1 million, respectively, during the three months ended October 31, 2014. Common stock and additional paid-in capital and retained earnings were reduced by $151.1 million and $156.5 million, respectively, during the nine months ended October 31, 2014.
At October 31, 2014, 16.0 million shares remained available for repurchase under the repurchase program approved by the Board of Directors. During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, Autodesk repurchased its common stock through open market purchases. The number of shares acquired and the timing of the purchases are based on several factors, including general market and economic conditions, the number of employee stock option exercises and stock issuances, the trading price of Autodesk common stock, cash on hand and available in the United States, cash requirements for acquisitions, and Company defined trading windows.
16. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss), net of taxes, consisted of the following at October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014:

| October 31, 2014 |  | January 31, 2014
Net gain on derivative instruments | $ | 23.1 |  |  | $ | 3.5 |
Net unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale securities | (0.3 | ) |  | 1.8 |
Defined benefit pension items | (7.7 | ) |  | (7.7 | )
Foreign currency translation adjustments | (16.4 | ) |  | 1.8 |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) | $ | (1.3 | ) |  | $ | (0.6 | )

Pre-tax reclassifications from “Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)” to the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 were $1.4 million and $2.0 million, respectively. Pre-tax reclassifications from “Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)” to the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 were $3.6 million and $9.7 million, respectively.
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17. Net Income Per Share
Basic net income per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period, excluding stock options and restricted stock units. Diluted net income per share is based upon the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period and potentially dilutive common shares, including the effect of stock options and restricted stock units under the treasury stock method. The following table sets forth the computation of the numerators and denominators used in the basic and diluted net income per share amounts:

| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 10.7 |  |  | $ | 57.6 |  |  | $ | 70.3 |  |  | $ | 174.9 |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Denominator for basic net income per share—weighted average shares | 226.9 |  |  | 223.1 |  |  | 227.1 |  |  | 223.4 |
Effect of dilutive securities | 4.6 |  |  | 4.6 |  |  | 4.8 |  |  | 5.2 |
Denominator for dilutive net income per share | 231.5 |  |  | 227.7 |  |  | 231.9 |  |  | 228.6 |
Basic net income per share | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.26 |  |  | $ | 0.31 |  |  | $ | 0.78 |
Diluted net income per share | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.30 |  |  | $ | 0.77 |

The computation of diluted net income per share does not include shares that are anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method because their exercise prices are higher than the average market value of Autodesk’s stock during the period. For both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, there were no potentially anti-dilutive shares excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share. For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, 5.5 million and 6.7 million potentially anti-dilutive shares, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share.
18. Segments
Autodesk reports segment information based on the “management” approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable segments. Autodesk has four reportable segments: PSEB, Architecture, Engineering and Construction ("AEC"), MFG and M&E. Autodesk has no material inter-segment revenue.
The PSEB, AEC and MFG segments derive revenue from the sale of licenses for software products and services to customers who design, build, manage or own building, manufacturing and infrastructure projects. Autodesk's M&E segment derives revenue from the sale of products to creative professionals, post-production facilities and broadcasters for a variety of applications, including feature films, television programs, commercials, music and corporate videos, interactive game production, web design and interactive web streaming.
PSEB includes Autodesk’s design product, AutoCAD. Autodesk’s AutoCAD product is a platform product that underpins the Company’s design product offerings for the industries it serves. For example, AEC and MFG offer tailored versions of AutoCAD software for the industries they serve. Autodesk’s AutoCAD product also provides a platform for Autodesk’s developer partners to build custom solutions for a range of diverse design-oriented markets. PSEB's revenue primarily includes revenue from sales of AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT, the Autodesk Design Suite and many other design products, including consumer design products, as well as from sales of licenses of other Autodesk's design products.
AEC software products help to improve the way building, civil infrastructure, process plant and construction projects are designed, built and managed. A broad portfolio of solutions enables greater efficiency, accuracy and sustainability across the entire project lifecycle. Autodesk AEC solutions include advanced technology for building information modeling ("BIM"), AutoCAD-based design and documentation productivity software, sustainable design analysis applications, and collaborative project management solutions. BIM, an integrated process for building and infrastructure design, analysis, documentation and construction, uses consistent, coordination information to improve communication and collaboration between the extended project team. AEC provides a comprehensive portfolio of BIM solutions that help customers deliver projects faster and more economically, while minimizing environmental impact. AEC’s revenue primarily includes revenue from the sales of licenses of Autodesk Building Design Suites, AutoCAD Civil 3D, AutoCAD Map, and Autodesk Infrastructure Design Suites.
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MFG provides the manufacturers in automotive and transportation, industrial machinery, consumer products and building products with comprehensive digital prototyping solutions that bring together design data from all phases of the product development process to develop a single digital model created in Autodesk Inventor software. Autodesk’s solutions for digital prototyping enable a broad group of manufacturers to realize benefits with minimal disruption to existing workflows. MFG’s revenue primarily includes revenue from the sales of licenses of Autodesk Product Design Suites, AutoCAD Mechanical, and Autodesk Moldflow products.
M&E consists of two product groups: Animation, including design visualization, and Creative Finishing. Animation products, such as Autodesk Maya, Autodesk 3ds Max, and the Autodesk Entertainment Creation Suites, provide tools for digital sculpting, modeling, animation, effects, rendering and compositing, for design visualization, visual effects and games production. M&E products are also included in a number of PSEB, AEC, and MFG focused suites. Creative Finishing products provide editing, finishing and visual effects design and color grading.
All of Autodesk’s reportable segments distribute their respective products primarily through authorized resellers and distributors and, to a lesser extent, through direct sales to end-users.
The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1, “Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of Autodesk's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2014. Autodesk evaluates each segment’s performance on the basis of gross profit. Autodesk currently does not separately accumulate and report asset information by segment, except for goodwill, which is disclosed in Note 9, “Goodwill.”
Information concerning the operations of Autodesk’s reportable segments is as follows:

| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Net revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Platform Solutions and Emerging Business | $ | 188.4 |  |  | $ | 183.4 |  |  | $ | 607.8 |  |  | $ | 593.4 |
Architecture, Engineering and Construction | 217.1 |  |  | 185.9 |  |  | 630.5 |  |  | 535.1 |
Manufacturing | 169.7 |  |  | 142.0 |  |  | 485.2 |  |  | 425.1 |
Media and Entertainment | 42.8 |  |  | 43.9 |  |  | 124.1 |  |  | 133.7 |
| $ | 618.0 |  |  | $ | 555.2 |  |  | $ | 1,847.6 |  |  | $ | 1,687.3 |
Gross profit: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Platform Solutions and Emerging Business | $ | 167.3 |  |  | $ | 165.9 |  |  | $ | 543.6 |  |  | $ | 540.7 |
Architecture, Engineering and Construction | 194.3 |  |  | 168.9 |  |  | 566.0 |  |  | 485.0 |
Manufacturing | 152.8 |  |  | 130.1 |  |  | 437.0 |  |  | 389.9 |
Media and Entertainment | 32.1 |  |  | 35.4 |  |  | 93.3 |  |  | 106.2 |
Unallocated (1) | (14.5 | ) |  | (12.2 | ) |  | (44.9 | ) |  | (36.9 | )
| $ | 532.0 |  |  | $ | 488.1 |  |  | $ | 1,595.0 |  |  | $ | 1,484.9 |

_______________

(1) | Unallocated amounts primarily relate to corporate expenses and other costs and expenses that are managed outside the reportable segments, including stock-based compensation expense.

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Information regarding Autodesk’s operations by geographic area is as follows:

| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Net revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. | $ | 189.3 |  |  | $ | 171.3 |  |  | $ | 543.4 |  |  | $ | 502.3 |
Other Americas | 41.5 |  |  | 37.0 |  |  | 116.4 |  |  | 109.8 |
Total Americas | 230.8 |  |  | 208.3 |  |  | 659.8 |  |  | 612.1 |
Europe, Middle East and Africa | 238.2 |  |  | 204.4 |  |  | 707.2 |  |  | 622.4 |
Asia Pacific |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Japan | 58.0 |  |  | 61.9 |  |  | 215.1 |  |  | 207.6 |
Other Asia Pacific | 91.0 |  |  | 80.6 |  |  | 265.5 |  |  | 245.2 |
Total Asia Pacific | 149.0 |  |  | 142.5 |  |  | 480.6 |  |  | 452.8 |
Total net revenue | $ | 618.0 |  |  | $ | 555.2 |  |  | $ | 1,847.6 |  |  | $ | 1,687.3 |

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ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The discussion in our MD&A and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q contains trend analyses and other forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements are any statements that look to future events and consist of, among other things, our business strategies, including those discussed in “Strategy” and “Overview of the Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2014 and 2013 - Business Outlook” below, anticipated future net revenue, future GAAP and non-GAAP earnings per share, operating margin and other future financial results (by product type and geography) and operating expenses, the effectiveness of our efforts to successfully manage transitions to new business models and markets, our expectations regarding the continued transition of our business model, our ability to increase our subscription base, expected market trends, including the growth of cloud, mobile and social computing, the effect of unemployment and availability of credit, the effects of weak global economic conditions, the effects of revenue recognition, our backlog, expected trends in certain financial metrics, including expenses, the impact of acquisitions and investment activities, expectations regarding our cash needs, the effects of fluctuations in exchange rates and our hedging activities on our financial results, our abilities to successfully expand adoption of our products, our ability to gain market acceptance of new businesses and sales initiatives, our ability to successfully increase sales of product suites as part of our overall sales strategy, and the impact of economic volatility and geopolitical activities in certain countries, particularly emerging economy countries, and the resulting effect on our financial results. In addition, forward-looking statements also consist of statements involving expectations regarding product acceptance, continuation of our stock repurchase program, statements regarding our liquidity and short-term and long-term cash requirements, as well as statements involving trend analyses and statements including such words as “may,” “believe,” “could,” “anticipate,” “would,” “might,” “plan,” “expect,” and similar expressions or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Form 10-Q and are subject to business and economic risks. As such, our actual results could differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements as a result of the factors set forth below in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” and in our other reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. We assume no obligation to update the forward-looking statements to reflect events that occur or circumstances that exist after the date on which they were made, except as required by law.
Note: A glossary of terms used in this Form 10-Q appears at the end of this Item 2.
Strategy
Autodesk’s vision is to help people imagine, design and create a better world. We do this by developing software and services for the world’s designers, architects, engineers, and digital artists, professionals and non-professionals alike—the people who create the world's products, buildings, infrastructure, films, and games. Autodesk serves professional customers in three primary markets: architecture, engineering and construction; manufacturing; and digital media and entertainment.
Our goal is to provide our customers with the world’s most innovative, and engaging design software and services. Our product and services portfolio allows our customers to digitally visualize, simulate, and analyze their projects, helping them to better understand the consequences of their design decisions; save time, money, and resources; and become more innovative.
Autodesk was founded during the platform transition from mainframes and engineering workstations to personal computers. We developed and sustained a compelling value proposition based upon desktop software for the personal computer. Just as the transition from mainframes to personal computers transformed the industry thirty years ago, we believe our industry is undergoing a similar transition from the personal computer to cloud, social, and mobile computing. To address this transition we have accelerated our move to the cloud and are offering more flexible licenses. For example, in fiscal 2014, we began offering Autodesk BIM 360, PLM 360, Sim 360 and Fusion 360, a few of our cloud based offerings, which provide tools, including social and mobile capabilities, to help streamline design, collaboration, and data management processes. We believe that customer adoption of these new offerings will continue to grow as customers across a range of industries begin to take advantage of the scalable computing power and flexibility provided through these new services.
Our strategy is to lead our customers and the industries they serve to the new cloud and mobile platforms. This entails both a technological shift and a business model shift. During fiscal 2014, we announced more flexible term-based license offerings, including term-based desktop subscriptions, for certain products. These offerings are designed to give our customers even more flexibility with how they use our products and service offerings and address new types of customers such as project-based users and small businesses. As part of this transition, we announced in fiscal 2014 that we are discontinuing upgrades after fiscal 2015. Also in October 2014, we announced that we plan to discontinue new perpetual offerings over the next 12 to 24 months.
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Over the next four years, we expect to increase our subscription base and customer value, which we believe will help drive billings growth. During the transition, revenue, deferred revenue, operating margin, and earnings per share will be impacted as more revenue is recognized ratably rather than up front and as new offerings bring a wider variety of price points.
For the three months ended October 31, 2014, our billings increased 25% as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The 14 percentage point difference from our 11% year-over-year growth in revenue and our 25% year-over-year growth in billings represents 13 percentage points from the increase in deferred revenue primarily driven by an increase in subscription billings and 1 percentage point related to the change in acquisition-related deferred revenue and other.
For the nine months ended October 31, 2014, our billings increased 20%, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The 10 percentage point difference from our 10% year-over-year growth in revenue and our 20% year-over-year growth in billings represents 11 percentage points from the increase in deferred revenue primarily driven by an increase in subscription billings offset by 1 percentage point related to the change in acquisition-related deferred revenue and other.
At October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014, our total subscriptions were 2.13 million and 1.85 million, respectively.
For the past three years, suites have been an important growth area to our overall strategy. As our customers in all industries adopt our design suites, we believe they will experience an increase in their productivity and the value of their design data. For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, revenue from suites increased 13% and 17%, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year. As a percentage of revenue, suites consisted of 36% of our net revenue for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to 36% and 34% of our net revenue in the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, respectively.
Another key element of our growth strategy is increasing our global penetration. Much of the growth in the world’s construction and manufacturing is happening in emerging economies. Further, emerging economies face many of the challenges that our design technology can help address, including infrastructure build-out and innovative design and manufacturing. Revenue from emerging countries increased 13% and 11% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same periods of the prior fiscal year. We believe that emerging economies continue to present long-term growth opportunities for us. Revenue from emerging countries represented 15% of net revenue for all periods presented. While we believe there are long-term growth opportunities in emerging economies, conducting business in these countries presents significant challenges, including economic volatility, geopolitical risk, local competition, limited intellectual property protection, poorly developed business infrastructure, scarcity of talent, software piracy and different purchase patterns as compared to the developed world.
Today, complex challenges such as globalization, urbanization, and sustainable design are driving our customers to new levels of performance and competitiveness, and we are committed to helping them address those challenges and take advantage of new opportunities. To achieve these goals, we are capitalizing on two of our strongest competitive advantages: our ability to bring advanced technology to mainstream markets, and the breadth and depth of our product portfolio.
By innovating within existing technology categories, we bring powerful new design capabilities to volume markets. Our products are designed to be easy-to-learn and use, and to provide customers with a low cost of deployment, a low total cost of access to our software offerings, and a rapid return on investment. In addition, our software architecture allows for extensibility and integration with other products. The breadth of our technology and product line gives us a unique competitive advantage, because it allows our customers to address a wide variety of problems in ways that transcend industry and disciplinary boundaries. This is particularly important in helping our customers address the complex challenges mentioned above. We also believe that our technological leadership and global brand recognition have positioned us well for long-term growth and industry leadership.
In addition to the competitive advantages afforded by our technology, our large global network of distributors, resellers, third-party developers, customers, educational institutions, faculty and students is a key competitive advantage. This network of relationships provides us with a broad and deep reach into volume markets around the world. Our distributor and reseller network is extensive and provides our customers with the resources to purchase, deploy, learn, and support our products quickly and easily. We have a significant number of registered third-party developers who create products that work well with our products and extend them for a variety of specialized applications.
We are committed to helping fuel a lifelong passion for design in students of all ages, and inspiring and supporting educators. As such, we offer extensive educational programs supporting our software and services including a new program, initiated in fiscal 2014, under which we offer software licenses to students, educators and institutions for little or no fees. Through these programs we intend to further Science, Technology, Engineering, Digital Arts, and Math (STEAM) education
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initiatives. With an extensive global community of students who are experienced with our software and poised to become the next generation of professional users, our goal is to reduce the cost of training and education of new talent for our customers.
Our strategy includes improving our product functionality and expanding our product offerings through internal development as well as through the acquisition of products, technology and businesses. Acquisitions often increase the speed at which we can deliver product functionality to our customers; however, they entail cost and integration challenges and may, in certain instances, negatively impact our operating margins. We continually review these trade-offs in making decisions regarding acquisitions. We currently anticipate that we will continue to acquire products, technology and businesses as compelling opportunities become available.
Our strategy depends upon a number of assumptions, including that we will be able to continue making our technology available to mainstream markets; leverage our large global network of distributors, resellers, third-party developers, customers, educational institutions, and students; improve the performance and functionality of our products; and adequately protect our intellectual property. If the outcome of any of these assumptions differs from our expectations, we may not be able to implement our strategy, which could potentially adversely affect our business. For further discussion regarding these and related risks, see Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. In preparing our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we make assumptions, judgments and estimates that can have a significant impact on amounts reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. We base our assumptions, judgments and estimates on historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We regularly reevaluate our assumptions, judgments and estimates. Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 1, “Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2014. In addition, we highlighted those policies that involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity with further discussion in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Form 10-K. We believe these policies are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our financial condition and results of operations.
Overview of the Three and Nine Months Ended October 31, 2014 and 2013

(in millions) | Three Months Ended October 31, 2014 |  | As a % of Net Revenue |  | Three Months Ended October 31, 2013 |  | As a % of Net Revenue
Net Revenue | $ | 618.0 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 555.2 |  |  | 100 | %
Cost of revenue | 86.0 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 67.1 |  |  | 12 | %
Gross Profit | 532.0 |  |  | 86 | % |  | 488.1 |  |  | 88 | %
Operating expenses | 517.4 |  |  | 84 | % |  | 420.0 |  |  | 76 | %
Income from Operations | $ | 14.6 |  |  | 2 | % |  | $ | 68.1 |  |  | 12 | %
(in millions) | Nine Months Ended October 31, 2014 |  | As a % of Net Revenue |  | Nine Months Ended October 31, 2013 |  | As a % of Net Revenue
Net Revenue | $ | 1,847.6 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 1,687.3 |  |  | 100 | %
Cost of revenue | 252.6 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 202.4 |  |  | 12 | %
Gross Profit | 1,595.0 |  |  | 86 | % |  | 1,484.9 |  |  | 88 | %
Operating expenses | 1,488.3 |  |  | 81 | % |  | 1,251.8 |  |  | 74 | %
Income from Operations | $ | 106.7 |  |  | 6 | % |  | $ | 233.1 |  |  | 14 | %

During the three months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, net revenue increased 11%, and gross profit increased 9%, while income from operations decreased 79%. During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, net revenue increased 10%, and gross profit increased 7%, while income from operations decreased 54%.
Our business experienced year over year growth in our Architecture, Engineering and Construction ("AEC"), Manufacturing ("MFG"), and Platform Solutions and Emerging Business (“PSEB”) segments, many of our major products, particularly our AEC suites, and all of our geographic areas, particularly Europe and Middle East and Africa ("EMEA"). This
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growth contributed to the year over year increase in both subscription and license and other revenue during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014.
We continue to make progress on our business model transition announced during the latter half of fiscal year 2014 with more flexible licenses and service offerings that have ratable revenue streams. During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, we also experienced growth in our total subscriptions and billings which benefited from promotional activity driven by upgrades and maintenance renewals.
Income from operations during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 was negatively impacted by increased spend as a result of the business model transition, investments in our move to the cloud, the dilutive impact of the Delcam acquisition, as well as incremental spending on other key initiatives. Additionally, commissions and our employee incentive program are volume-related and increased based on our better-than-expected billings and subscriptions performance.
The reasons for these changes are discussed below under the heading “Results from Operations.”
Revenue Analysis
Revenue from flagship products was 47% and 48% of net revenue during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively. Revenue from flagship products increased 5% and 2% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year. Revenue from suites was 36% of net revenue for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 and increased 13% and 17% for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year. Revenue from new and adjacent products was 17% and 16% of net revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, and increased 29% and 18% as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, respectivley. We anticipate that, as our new and existing customers migrate from our stand-alone products to suites, our revenue from suites will increase as a percentage of revenue and our revenue from our flagship products will decrease over time.
We rely significantly upon major distributors and resellers in both the U.S. and international regions, including Tech Data Corporation and its global affiliates (collectively, “Tech Data”). Tech Data accounted for 26% of Autodesk’s total net revenue for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to 24% and 25% in the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, respectively. Our customers through Tech Data are the resellers and end users who purchase our software licenses and services. Should any of the agreements between Tech Data and us be terminated for any reason, we believe the resellers and end users who currently purchase our products through Tech Data would be able to continue to do so under substantially the same terms from one of our many other distributors without substantial disruption to our revenue. Consequently, we believe our business is not substantially dependent on Tech Data.
Operating Margin Analysis
Income from operations decreased 79% in the three months ended October 31, 2014 due to a $97.4 million or 23% increase in our operating expenses and an $18.9 million or 28% increase in cost of revenue, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Partially offsetting the increase in our spend was a $62.8 million or 11% increase in net revenue, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Our operating margin decreased to 2% for the three months ended October 31, 2014 from 12% for the three months ended October 31, 2013.
Income from operations decreased 54% in the nine months ended October 31, 2014 due to a $236.5 million or 19% increase in our operating expenses and a $50.2 million or 25% increase in cost of revenue, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Partially offsetting the increase in our spend was a $160.3 million or 10% increase in net revenue, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Our operating margin decreased to 6% for the nine months ended October 31, 2014 from 14% for the nine months ended October 31, 2013.
The increase in operating expenses and the corresponding decrease in operating margin during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 was impacted by increased employee-related expenses in part because of the business model transition, investments in our move to the cloud, and the dilutive impact of the Delcam acquisition. Additionally, commissions and our employee incentive program are volume-related and increased based on our better-than-expected billings and subscriptions performance.
Further discussion regarding the cost of goods sold and operating expense activities are discussed below under the heading “Results of Operations.”
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Foreign Currency Analysis
We generate a significant amount of our revenue in the U.S., Japan, Germany, France, and the United Kingdom. Our revenue was negatively impacted by foreign exchange rate changes during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year. Had applicable exchange rates from the three months ended October 31, 2013 been in effect during the three months ended October 31, 2014 and had we excluded foreign exchange hedge gains and losses from the three months ended October 31, 2014 ("on a constant currency basis"), net revenue would have increased 12% during the three months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Had applicable exchange rates from the nine months ended October 31, 2013 been in effect during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and had we excluded foreign exchange hedge gains and losses from the nine months ended October 31, 2014, net revenue would have increased 10% on a constant currency basis during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.
Our total spend, defined as cost of revenue plus operating expenses, during the three months ended October 31, 2014, was positively impacted by foreign exchange rate changes. Total spend increased 24% on an as reported basis as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year but had applicable exchange rates from the three months ended October 31, 2013 been in effect during the three months ended October 31, 2014 and had we excluded foreign exchange hedge gains and losses from the three months ended October 31, 2014, total spend would have increased 25% on a constant currency basis compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.
Our total spend during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 was minimally impacted by foreing exchange rate changes. Total spend increased 20% on an as reported basis as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Had applicable exchange rates from the nine months ended October 31, 2013 been in effect during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and had we excluded foreign exchange hedge gains and losses from the nine months ended October 31, 2014, total spend would have increased 20% on a constant currency basis compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year.
Changes in the value of the U.S. dollar may have a significant effect on net revenue, total spend and income from operations in future periods. We use foreign currency contracts to reduce the exchange rate effect on a portion of the net revenue and operating expenses of certain anticipated transactions but do not attempt to completely mitigate the impact of fluctuations of such foreign currency against the U.S. dollar.
Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Items
At October 31, 2014, we had $2,156.9 million in cash and marketable securities. We completed the nine months ended October 31, 2014 with higher deferred revenue and lower accounts receivable balances as compared to the end of the fiscal year ended January 31, 2014. Our deferred revenue balance at October 31, 2014 included $838.8 million of deferred subscription revenue primarily related to customer maintenance contracts, which will be recognized as revenue ratably over the life of the contracts. The term of our maintenance contracts is typically between one and three years. Our cash flow from operations increased 19% to $450.9 million as of October 31, 2014 from $380.0 million at October 31, 2013. We repurchased 1.9 million shares of our common stock for $103.3 million during the three months ended October 31, 2014. Comparatively, we repurchased 2.0 million shares of our common stock for $78.9 million during the three months ended October 31, 2013. We repurchased 5.8 million shares of our common stock for $307.6 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2014. Comparatively, we repurchased 8.3 million shares of our common stock for $318.7 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2013. Further discussion regarding the balance sheet and cash flow activities are discussed below under the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
Business Outlook
Autodesk's business model is evolving. We continue to assess current business offerings including introducing more flexible license and service offerings that have ratable revenue streams, and discontinuing the sale of new perpetual offerings. The accounting impact of these offerings and other business decisions are expected to result in an increase in the percentage of our ratable revenue, making for a more predictable business over time, while correspondingly reducing our upfront revenue stream. Over time, we expect our business model transition to expand our customer base by eliminating higher up-front licensing costs and providing more flexibility in how our customers gain access to and pay for our products. We also expect our traditional perpetual license revenue to decline without a corresponding decrease in expenses over the next 12 to 24 months. In the future, we expect this business model transition will increase our long-term billings and revenue growth rate by increasing total subscriptions and customer value over time.
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We expect net revenue for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015 will range from $640 million to $655 million, and GAAP diluted earnings per share will range from a loss of $0.03 to break-even while non-GAAP diluted earnings per share will range from $0.22 to $0.25. Non-GAAP earnings per diluted share exclude $0.17 related to stock-based compensation expense and $0.08 related to the amortization of acquisition related intangibles, net of tax.
Given our strong performance in the third quarter of fiscal 2015, we've raised our full year fiscal 2015 guidance ranges for revenue, billings, and subscriptions. We expect net revenue for fiscal 2015 to increase by approximately 9% to 10% compared to fiscal 2014. We expect billings for fiscal 2015 to increase by approximately 15% to 17% compared to fiscal 2014. We anticipate fiscal 2015 GAAP operating margin to be approximately 4.5% to 5% and non-GAAP operating margin to be approximately 15% to 15.5%. The 15% to 15.5% non-GAAP operating margin excludes 6.5 percentage points related to stock-based compensation expense, and 4 percentage points related to the amortization of acquisition related intangibles. We anticipate GAAP diluted earnings per share will range from $0.30 to $0.33 while non-GAAP diluted earnings per share will range from $1.15 to $1.18. Non-GAAP earnings per diluted share exclude $0.52 related to stock-based compensation expense, $0.30 for the amortization of acquisition related intangibles, $0.02 related to losses on strategic investments and $0.01 related to restructuring charges, net of tax. We expect to add 325,000-375,000 subscriptions during fiscal 2015.
We remain diligent about managing our spend to make essential investments to drive growth. If we are unable to successfully achieve our major business initiatives we may not achieve our financial goals.
Results of Operations
Net Revenue

| Three Months Ended |  | Increase (Decrease) compared to prior fiscal year |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Increase (Decrease) compared to prior fiscal year |  | Nine Months Ended
(in millions) | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013 | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013
Net Revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
License and other | $ | 320.5 |  |  | $ | 23.0 |  |  | 8 | % |  | $ | 297.5 |  |  | $ | 987.1 |  |  | $ | 52.9 |  |  | 6 | % |  | $ | 934.2 |
Subscription | 297.5 |  |  | 39.8 |  |  | 15 | % |  | 257.7 |  |  | 860.5 |  |  | 107.4 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 753.1 |
| $ | 618.0 |  |  | $ | 62.8 |  |  | 11 | % |  | $ | 555.2 |  |  | $ | 1,847.6 |  |  | $ | 160.3 |  |  | 10 | % |  | $ | 1,687.3 |
Net Revenue by Geographic Area: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas | $ | 230.8 |  |  | $ | 22.5 |  |  | 11 | % |  | $ | 208.3 |  |  | $ | 659.8 |  |  | $ | 47.7 |  |  | 8 | % |  | $ | 612.1 |
Europe, Middle East and Africa | 238.2 |  |  | 33.8 |  |  | 17 | % |  | 204.4 |  |  | 707.2 |  |  | 84.8 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 622.4 |
Asia Pacific | 149.0 |  |  | 6.5 |  |  | 5 | % |  | 142.5 |  |  | 480.6 |  |  | 27.8 |  |  | 6 | % |  | 452.8 |
| $ | 618.0 |  |  | $ | 62.8 |  |  | 11 | % |  | $ | 555.2 |  |  | $ | 1,847.6 |  |  | $ | 160.3 |  |  | 10 | % |  | $ | 1,687.3 |
Net Revenue by Operating Segment: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Platform Solutions and Emerging Business | $ | 188.4 |  |  | $ | 5.0 |  |  | 3 | % |  | $ | 183.4 |  |  | $ | 607.8 |  |  | $ | 14.4 |  |  | 2 | % |  | $ | 593.4 |
Architecture, Engineering and Construction | 217.1 |  |  | 31.2 |  |  | 17 | % |  | 185.9 |  |  | 630.5 |  |  | 95.4 |  |  | 18 | % |  | 535.1 |
Manufacturing | 169.7 |  |  | 27.7 |  |  | 20 | % |  | 142.0 |  |  | 485.2 |  |  | 60.1 |  |  | 14 | % |  | 425.1 |
Media and Entertainment | 42.8 |  |  | (1.1 | ) |  | (3 | )% |  | 43.9 |  |  | 124.1 |  |  | (9.6 | ) |  | (7 | )% |  | 133.7 |
| $ | 618.0 |  |  | $ | 62.8 |  |  | 11 | % |  | $ | 555.2 |  |  | $ | 1,847.6 |  |  | $ | 160.3 |  |  | 10 | % |  | $ | 1,687.3 |

License and Other Revenue
License and other revenue consists of two components: (1) all forms of product license revenue and (2) other revenue. Product license revenue includes software license revenue from the sale of seat licenses, software license revenue from the sale of seat term-based licenses from our desktop subscription and enterprise offerings, and upgrades and product revenue for Creative Finishing. Other revenue includes revenue from consulting, training, Autodesk Developers Network and Creative Finishing customer support, and is recognized as the services are performed.
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License and other revenue increased 8% during the three months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended October 31, 2013. This increase was primarily due to a 9% increase in product license revenue as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in product license revenue was primarily due to a 9% increase in revenue from our flagship products and a 36% increase in revenue from our new and adjacent products.
During the three months ended October 31, 2014, the 9% increase in product license revenue was due to a 9% increase in the number of seats sold. Product license revenue, as a percentage of License and other revenue, was 89% and 87% for the three months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
During the three months ended October 31, 2014, other revenue represented 11% of License and other revenue. Other revenue decreased by 4% during the three months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended October 31, 2013 primarily due to a 92% decrease in revenue from our education products as a result of our strategic transition to offer software licenses to students, educators and institutions for little or no fees partially offset by a 17% increase in revenue from consulting.
License and other revenue increased 6% during the nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2013. This increase was primarily due to a 6% increase in product license revenue as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in product license revenue was primarily due to a 5% increase in revenue from our flagship products and a 6% increase in revenue in our suites products.
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, the 6% increase in product license revenue was due to a 7% increase in the average net revenue per seat partially offset by a 1% decrease in the number of seats sold. Product license revenue, as a percentage of License and other revenue, was 89% for both the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013.
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, other revenue represented 11% of License and other revenue. Other revenue increased by 2% during the nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2013 primarily due to a 14% increase in revenue from consulting, partially offset by a 63% decrease in revenue from our education products as a result of our strategic transition to offer software licenses to students, educators and institutions for little or no fees.
Backlog related to current software license product orders that had not shipped at the end of the quarter increased by $1.4 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 from $19.7 million at January 31, 2014 to $21.1 million at October 31, 2014. Backlog from current software license product orders that we have not yet shipped consists of orders for currently available licensed software products from customers with approved credit status.
Subscription Revenue
Autodesk subscription revenue consists of three components: (1) maintenance revenue from our software products; (2) maintenance revenue from our term-based desktop subscription and enterprise offerings; and (3) revenue from our cloud service offerings. Our maintenance program provides our commercial and educational customers of software products with a cost effective and predictable budgetary option to obtain the productivity benefits of our new releases and enhancements when and if released during the term of their contracts. Under our maintenance program, customers are eligible to receive unspecified upgrades when and if available, downloadable training courses and online support. We recognize maintenance revenue ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement, which is generally between one and three years but can occasionally be as long as five years. Revenue for our cloud service offerings is recognized ratably over the contract term commencing with the date our service is made available to customers and all other revenue recognition criteria have been satisfied.
Subscription revenue increased 15% during the three months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the three months ended October 31, 2013, primarily due to a 16% increase in commercial maintenance revenue. The 16% increase in commercial maintenance revenue was due to a 10% increase from net revenue per maintenance seat and a 6% increase from commercial enrollment during the corresponding maintenance contract term. Commercial maintenance revenue represented 96% of Subscription revenue for both the three months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013.
Subscription revenue increased 14% during the nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2013, primarily due to a 15% increase in commercial maintenance revenue. The 15% increase in commercial maintenance revenue was due to a 10% increase from net revenue per maintenance seat and a 5% increase from commercial enrollment during the corresponding maintenance contract term. Commercial maintenance revenue represented 96% and 95% of Subscription revenue for the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
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Changes in Subscription revenue lag changes in subscription billings. Subscription billings increased 31% and 27% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year primarily due to an increase in maintenance subscription billings.
Our deferred subscription revenue balance at October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014 was $838.8 million and $789.3 million, respectively, and primarily related to customer maintenance agreements, which will be recognized as revenue ratably over the term of the maintenance agreement.
Net Revenue by Geographic Area
Net revenue in the Americas geography increased by 11% on an as reported basis and on a constant currency basis, during the three months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. This increase was primarily due to a 13% increase in our suites revenue and a 27% increase in our new and adjacent product revenue in this geography during the three months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the three months ended October 31, 2013. The increase in our revenue in this geography was led by the U.S.
Net revenue in the Americas geography increased by 8% on an as reported basis and on a constant currency basis, during the nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. This increase was primarily due to a 17% increase in our suites revenue and a 15% increase in our new and adjacent product revenue in this geography during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2013. The increase in our revenue in this geography was led by the U.S.
Net revenue in the EMEA geography increased by 17% on an as reported basis and 15% on a constant currency basis, during the three months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. This increase was primarily due to a 17% increase in our suites revenue and a 49% increase in our new and adjacent product revenue in this geography during the three months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the three months ended October 31, 2013. The increase in our revenue in this geography was led by Germany and France.
Net revenue in the EMEA geography increased by 14% on an as reported basis and 11% on a constant currency basis, during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. This increase was primarily due to a 23% increase in our suites revenue and a 35% increase in our new and adjacent product revenue in this geography during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the nine months ended October 31, 2013. The increase in our revenue in this geography was led by France and Germany.
Net revenue in the APAC geography increased 5% on an as reported basis and 10% on a constant currency basis, during the three months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase was primarily due to a 3% increase in our flagship products and a 6% increase in our suites revenue in this geography during the three months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in our revenue in this geography during the three months ended October 31, 2014 was led by China and India.
Net revenue in the APAC geography increased 6% on an as reported basis and 13% on a constant currency basis, during the nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase was primarily due to a 6% increase in our flagship products and an 8% increase in our suites revenue in this geography during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in our revenue in this geography during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 was led by South Korea and Japan.
Net revenue in emerging economies increased by 13% during the three months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to increases in revenue from China. Revenue from emerging economies represented 15% of net revenue for both the three months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
Net revenue in emerging economies increased by 11% during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to increases in revenue from India, Brazil and Poland. Revenue from emerging economies represented 15% of net revenue for both the nine months ended October 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
International net revenue represented 69% and 71% of our net revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively. International net revenue represented 69% and 70% of our net revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, respectively. We believe that international revenue will continue to comprise a majority of our net revenue. Unfavorable economic conditions in the countries that contribute a significant portion of our net revenue, including in emerging
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economies, may have an adverse effect on our business in those countries and our overall financial performance. Changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies have significantly affected, and could continue to significantly affect, our financial results for a given period even though we hedge a portion of our current and projected revenue. Additionally, weak global economic conditions that have been characterized by restructuring of sovereign debt, high unemployment, and volatility in the financial markets may impact our future financial results.
Net Revenue by Operating Segment
We have four reportable segments: PSEB, AEC, MFG and Media and Entertainment ("M&E"). We have no material inter-segment revenue.
During the three months ended October 31, 2014, net revenue for PSEB increased by 3% as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a 6% increase in revenue from AutoCAD LT and a 2% increase in revenue from AutoCAD.
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, net revenue for PSEB increased by 2% as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a 6% increase in revenue from AutoCAD LT.
During the three months ended October 31, 2014, net revenue for AEC increased by 17% as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a 23% increase in revenue from our AEC suites, which was primarily driven by Autodesk Building Design Suite and Autodesk Infrastructure Design Suite.
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, net revenue for AEC increased by 18% as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a 38% increase in revenue from our AEC suites, which was primarily driven by Autodesk Building Design Suite and Autodesk Infrastructure Design Suite.
During the three months ended October 31, 2014, net revenue for MFG increased by 20% as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year primarily due to a 9% increase in revenue from our MFG suites, which was primarily driven by the Autodesk Product Design Suite.
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, net revenue for MFG increased by 14% as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year primarily due to an 9% increase in revenue from our MFG suites, which was primarily driven by the Autodesk Product Design Suite.
During the three months ended October 31, 2014, net revenue for M&E decreased by 3% as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a 3% decrease in revenue from Animation. Revenue from Creative Finishing decreased 1% as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The decrease in Animation revenue was primarily due to a 28% decrease in revenue from our M&E suites, in particular our Autodesk Entertainment Creation Suite. Creative Finishing was impacted by a general decrease in M&E industry end-market demand partially offset by a 47% increase in sales of our Creative Finishing hardware products and services.
During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, net revenue for M&E decreased by 7% as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, due to a 6% decrease in revenue from Animation and a 12% decrease in revenue from Creative Finishing. The decrease in Animation revenue was primarily due to a 25% decrease in revenue from our M&E suites, in particular our Autodesk Entertainment Creation Suite. The decline in Creative Finishing was impacted by a general decrease in M&E industry end-market demand. M&E revenue is impacted by a general decrease in the M&E industry end-market demand, the planned inclusion of our M&E products in other Autodesk industry suites, and our business model transition as customers are opting for desktop subscription.
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Cost of Revenue and Operating Expenses
Cost of Revenue

| Three Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Nine Months Ended
(in millions) | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013 | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013
Cost of revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
License and other | $ | 51.9 |  |  | $ | 8.5 |  |  | 20 | % |  | $ | 43.4 |  |  | $ | 154.6 |  |  | $ | 24.0 |  |  | 18 | % |  | $ | 130.6 |
Subscription | 34.1 |  |  | 10.4 |  |  | 44 | % |  | 23.7 |  |  | 98.0 |  |  | 26.2 |  |  | 36 | % |  | 71.8 |
| $ | 86.0 |  |  | $ | 18.9 |  |  | 28 | % |  | $ | 67.1 |  |  | $ | 252.6 |  |  | $ | 50.2 |  |  | 25 | % |  | $ | 202.4 |
As a percentage of net revenue | 14 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 12 | % |  | 14 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 12 | %

Cost of license and other revenue includes labor costs associated with product setup and fulfillment and costs of consulting and training services contracts and collaborative project management services contracts. Cost of license and other revenue also includes stock-based compensation expense, direct material and overhead charges, amortization of developed technology, professional services fees and royalties. Direct material and overhead charges include the cost of hardware sold (mainly PC-based workstations for Creative Finishing in the M&E segment), costs associated with transferring our software to electronic media, physical media, packaging materials and shipping and handling costs.
Cost of license and other revenue increased 20% and 18% for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to higher employee-related costs related to salaries associated with an increased headcount, primarily from acquisitions such as Delcam and higher amortization expense of developed technologies.
Cost of subscription revenue includes the labor costs of providing product support to our maintenance and cloud subscription customers, including rent and occupancy, shipping and handling costs, professional services fees related to operating our network and cloud infrastructure, including depreciation expense and operating lease payments associated with computer equipment, data center costs, salaries and related expenses of network operations.
Cost of subscription revenue increased 44% during the three months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to higher employee-related costs for product support and higher cloud services-related expenses. Cost of subscription revenue increased 36% during the nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to higher cloud services-related expenses and higher employee-related costs for product support.
Cost of revenue, at least over the near term, is affected by the volume and mix of product sales, mix of physical versus electronic fulfillment, fluctuations in consulting costs, amortization of purchased technology, new customer support offerings, royalty rates for licensed technology embedded in our products and employee stock-based compensation expense.
We expect cost of revenue to increase in absolute dollars and slightly increase as a percentage of net revenue during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014.
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Marketing and Sales

| Three Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Nine Months Ended
(in millions) | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013 | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013
Marketing and sales | $ | 245.1 |  |  | $ | 41.7 |  |  | 21 | % |  | $ | 203.4 |  |  | $ | 708.1 |  |  | $ | 97.8 |  |  | 16 | % |  | $ | 610.3 |
As a percentage of net revenue | 40 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 37 | % |  | 38 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 36 | %

Marketing and sales expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits and stock-based compensation expense for our marketing and sales employees, the expense of travel, entertainment and training for such personnel, the costs of programs aimed at increasing revenue, such as advertising, trade shows and expositions, and various sales and promotional programs. Marketing and sales expenses also include labor costs of sales and order processing, sales and dealer commissions, rent and occupancy, and the cost of supplies and equipment.
Marketing and sales expenses increased 21% and 16% for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to increased employee-related costs from salaries, bonus, commissions and fringe benefits predominately driven by increased headcount from acquisitions such as Delcam.
For the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014, we expect marketing and sales expense to increase in absolute dollars and slightly increase as a percentage of net revenue.
Research and Development

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Nine Months Ended
(in millions) |  | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013 |  | October 31, 2014 |  | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013
Research and development |  | $ | 183.9 |  |  | $ | 34.9 |  |  | 23 | % |  | $ | 149.0 |  |  | $ | 533.7 |  |  | $ | 85.0 |  |  | 19 | % |  | $ | 448.7 |
As a percentage of net revenue |  | 30 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 27 | % |  | 29 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 27 | %

Research and development expenses, which are expensed as incurred, consist primarily of salaries, bonuses, benefits and stock-based compensation expense for research and development employees, and the expense of travel, entertainment and training for such personnel, rent and occupancy, and professional services such as fees paid to software development firms and independent contractors.
Research and development expenses increased 23% and 19% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to increased employee-related costs from salaries, bonus and fringe benefits predominately driven by increased headcount from acquisitions such as Delcam.
For the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014, we expect research and development expense to increase in absolute dollars and slightly increase as a percentage of net revenue.
General and Administrative

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Nine Months Ended
(in millions) |  | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013 | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013
General and administrative |  | $ | 78.9 |  |  | $ | 23.1 |  |  | 41 | % |  | $ | 55.8 |  |  | $ | 212.9 |  |  | $ | 54.1 |  |  | 34 | % |  | $ | 158.8 |
As a percentage of net revenue |  | 13 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 10 | % |  | 12 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 9 | %

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General and administrative expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits and stock-based compensation expense for our finance, human resources and legal employees, as well as professional fees for legal and accounting services, gains and losses on our operating expense cash flow hedges, expense of travel, entertainment and training, expense of communication and the cost of supplies and equipment.
General and administrative expenses increased 41% and 34% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to increased employee-related costs from salaries, bonus and fringe benefits predominately driven by increased headcount from acquisitions such as Delcam.
For the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014, we expect general and administrative expenses to increase in absolute dollars and slightly increase as a percentage of net revenue.
Amortization of Purchased Intangibles

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Increase compared to prior fiscal year |  | Nine Months Ended
(in millions) |  | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013 | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013
Amortization of purchased intangibles |  | $ | 9.5 |  |  | $ | 2.1 |  |  | 28 | % |  | $ | 7.4 |  |  | $ | 30.5 |  |  | $ | 3.0 |  |  | 11 | % |  | $ | 27.5 |
As a percentage of net revenue |  | 2 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | % |  | 2 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 2 | %

Amortization of purchased intangibles increased 28% and 11% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, primarily related to the accumulated effects associated with amortization expense of intangible assets purchased over time, including $85.0 million in assets purchased in the current year.
For the fourth quarter of fiscal 2015, as compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014, we expect amortization of purchased intangibles to remain relatively flat in absolute dollars and as a percentage of net revenue.
Restructuring Charges, Net

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Decrease compared to prior fiscal year |  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Decrease compared to prior fiscal year |  | Nine Months Ended
(in millions) |  | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013 | October 31, 2014 | $ |  | % |  | October 31, 2013
Restructuring charges, net |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (4.4 | ) |  | (100 | )% |  | $ | 4.4 |  |  | $ | 3.1 |  |  | $ | (3.4 | ) |  | (52 | )% |  | $ | 6.5 |
As a percentage of net revenue |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | % |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  | — | %

During the third quarter of fiscal 2014, the Board of Directors approved a world-wide restructuring plan in order to re-balance staffing levels to better align them with the evolving needs of the business. The authorized plan included a reduction of approximately 85 positions and the consolidation of four leased facilities, with a total cost of approximately $15.0 million. We have substantially completed the actions authorized under this plan.
During the three months ended October 31, 2014, we recorded no restructuring charge. During the nine months ended October 31, 2014, we recorded an incremental restructuring charge associated with the Fiscal 2014 Plan of $3.1 million. See Note 13, “Restructuring,” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.
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Interest and Other (Expense) Income, Net
The following table sets forth the components of interest and other (expense) income, net:

| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
(in millions) | 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
Interest and investment expense, net | $ | (2.8 | ) |  | $ | (1.8 | ) |  | $ | (8.5 | ) |  | $ | (6.8 | )
Gain (loss) on foreign currency | 0.5 |  |  | (0.2 | ) |  | (3.1 | ) |  | (4.5 | )
(Loss) gain on strategic investments | (0.8 | ) |  | 0.3 |  |  | (7.6 | ) |  | (1.0 | )
Other income | 0.1 |  |  | 2.8 |  |  | 2.6 |  |  | 2.8 |
Interest and other (expense) income, net | $ | (3.0 | ) |  | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | (16.6 | ) |  | $ | (9.5 | )

Interest and other (expense) income, net decreased $4.1 million during the three months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to a decrease in other income associated with a Canadian ecommerce tax credit.
Interest and other (expense) income, net decreased $7.1 million during the nine months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to an other-than-temporary impairment on one of our privately held strategic investments and losses on the derivative portion on certain of our strategic investments that are marked-to-market each period.
Interest and investment income fluctuates based on average cash, marketable securities and debt balances, average maturities and interest rates.
Gains and losses on foreign currency are primarily due to the impact of re-measuring foreign currency transactions and net monetary assets into the functional currency of the corresponding entity. The amount of the gain or loss on foreign currency is driven by the volume of foreign currency transactions and the foreign currency exchange rates for the period.
Provision for Income Taxes
We account for income taxes and the related accounts under the liability method. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted rates expected to be in effect during the year in which the basis differences reverse.
Our effective tax rate was 8% and 22% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively, compared to 17% and 22% during the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, respectively. Our effective tax rate decreased 9% during the three months ended October 31, 2014 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year primarily due to greater tax rate benefits from foreign earnings, stock-based compensation expense and true-up of prior year U.S. foreign tax credits, partially offset by tax rate detriments from accrual for uncertain tax positions, the tax impact of an increase in the forecasted annual rate from the previous quarter, and expiration of the federal research and development tax credit provision. Our effective tax rate remained flat during the nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to greater tax rate benefits from foreign earnings and true-up of prior year U.S. foreign tax credits, offset by tax rate detriments from stock-based compensation expense, accrual for uncertain tax positions and expiration of the federal research and development tax credit provision. Excluding the impact of discrete tax items, the effective tax rate for three and nine months ended October 31, 2014 was 31% and was lower than the Federal statutory tax rate of 35%, primarily due to foreign income taxed at lower rates partially offset by the impact of non-deductible stock based compensation expense and accrual for uncertain tax positions.
Our future effective tax rate may be materially impacted by the amount of benefits and charges from tax amounts associated with our foreign earnings that are taxed at rates different from the federal statutory rate, research credits, state income taxes, the tax impact of stock-based compensation, accounting for uncertain tax positions, business combinations, U.S. Manufacturer's deduction, closure of statute of limitations or settlement of tax audits, changes in valuation allowances and changes in tax laws including possible U.S. tax law changes that, if enacted, could significantly impact how U.S. multinational companies are taxed on foreign subsidiary earnings. A significant amount of our earnings is generated by our Europe and Asia Pacific subsidiaries. Our future effective tax rates may be adversely affected to the extent earnings are lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory tax rates or we repatriate certain foreign earnings on which U.S. taxes have not previously been provided.
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At October 31, 2014, we had net deferred tax assets of $178.4 million. Pursuant to the adoption of ASU 2013-11, $51.7 million of unrecognized tax benefits have been presented as a reduction of deferred tax assets at October 31, 2014. We believe that we will generate sufficient future taxable income in appropriate tax jurisdictions to realize these assets.
Other Financial Information
In addition to our results determined under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) discussed above, we believe the following non-GAAP measures are useful to investors in evaluating our operating performance. For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, and 2013, our gross profit, gross margin, income from operations, operating margin, net income and diluted earnings per share on a GAAP and non-GAAP basis were as follows (in millions except for gross margin, operating margin and per share data):

| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited)
Gross profit | $ | 532.0 |  |  | $ | 488.1 |  |  | $ | 1,595.0 |  |  | $ | 1,484.9 |
Non-GAAP gross profit | $ | 547.4 |  |  | $ | 500.3 |  |  | $ | 1,641.7 |  |  | $ | 1,521.8 |
Gross margin | 86 | % |  | 88 | % |  | 86 | % |  | 88 | %
Non-GAAP gross margin | 89 | % |  | 90 | % |  | 89 | % |  | 90 | %
Income from operations | $ | 14.6 |  |  | $ | 68.1 |  |  | $ | 106.7 |  |  | $ | 233.1 |
Non-GAAP income from operations | $ | 80.3 |  |  | $ | 122.3 |  |  | $ | 297.4 |  |  | $ | 395.8 |
Operating margin | 2 | % |  | 12 | % |  | 6 | % |  | 14 | %
Non-GAAP operating margin | 13 | % |  | 22 | % |  | 16 | % |  | 23 | %
Net income | $ | 10.7 |  |  | $ | 57.6 |  |  | $ | 70.3 |  |  | $ | 174.9 |
Non-GAAP net income | $ | 57.7 |  |  | $ | 94.3 |  |  | $ | 213.5 |  |  | $ | 292.4 |
Diluted earnings per share (1) | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.30 |  |  | $ | 0.77 |
Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share (1) | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 1.28 |

_______________

(1) | Earnings per share were computed independently for each of the periods presented; therefore the sum of the earnings per share amount for the quarters may not equal the total for the year.

For our internal budgeting and resource allocation process and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons, we use non-GAAP measures to supplement our condensed consolidated financial statements presented on a GAAP basis. These non-GAAP measures do not include certain items that may have a material impact upon our reported financial results. We use non-GAAP measures in making operating decisions because we believe those measures provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our earning potential and performance for management by excluding certain expenses and charges that may not be indicative of our core business operating results. For the reasons set forth below, we believe these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors both because (1) they allow for greater transparency with respect to key metrics used by management in its financial and operational decision-making and (2) they are used by our institutional investors and the analyst community to help them analyze the health of our business. This allows investors and others to better understand and evaluate our operating results and future prospects in the same manner as management, compare financial results across accounting periods and to those of peer companies and to better understand the long-term performance of our core business. We also use some of these measures for purposes of determining company-wide incentive compensation.
There are limitations in using non-GAAP financial measures because non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. The non-GAAP financial measures included above are limited in value because they exclude certain items that may have a material impact upon our reported financial results. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgments by management about which charges are excluded from the non-GAAP financial measures. We compensate for these limitations by analyzing current and future results on a GAAP basis as well as a non-GAAP basis and also by providing GAAP measures in our public disclosures. The presentation of non-GAAP financial information is meant to be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or in isolation from, the directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. We urge investors to review the reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to the comparable GAAP financial measures included below, and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.
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Reconciliation of GAAP Financial Measures to Non-GAAP Financial Measures
(In millions except for gross margin, operating margin and per share data):

| Three Months Ended October 31, |  | Nine Months Ended October 31,
| 2014 |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2013
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited)
Gross profit | $ | 532.0 |  |  | $ | 488.1 |  |  | $ | 1,595.0 |  |  | $ | 1,484.9 |
Stock-based compensation expense | 2.3 |  |  | 1.4 |  |  | 6.1 |  |  | 4.3 |
Amortization of developed technologies | 13.1 |  |  | 10.8 |  |  | 40.6 |  |  | 32.6 |
Non-GAAP gross profit | $ | 547.4 |  |  | $ | 500.3 |  |  | $ | 1,641.7 |  |  | $ | 1,521.8 |
Gross margin | 86 | % |  | 88 | % |  | 86 | % |  | 88 | %
Stock-based compensation expense | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | %
Amortization of developed technologies | 3 | % |  | 2 | % |  | 3 | % |  | 2 | %
Non-GAAP gross margin | 89 | % |  | 90 | % |  | 89 | % |  | 90 | %
Income from operations | $ | 14.6 |  |  | $ | 68.1 |  |  | $ | 106.7 |  |  | $ | 233.1 |
Stock-based compensation expense | 43.1 |  |  | 31.6 |  |  | 116.5 |  |  | 96.1 |
Amortization of developed technologies | 13.1 |  |  | 10.8 |  |  | 40.6 |  |  | 32.6 |
Amortization of purchased intangibles | 9.5 |  |  | 7.4 |  |  | 30.5 |  |  | 27.5 |
Restructuring charges | — |  |  | 4.4 |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | 6.5 |
Non-GAAP income from operations | $ | 80.3 |  |  | $ | 122.3 |  |  | $ | 297.4 |  |  | $ | 395.8 |
Operating margin | 2 | % |  | 12 | % |  | 6 | % |  | 14 | %
Stock-based compensation expense | 7 | % |  | 6 | % |  | 6 | % |  | 6 | %
Amortization of developed technologies | 2 | % |  | 2 | % |  | 2 | % |  | 2 | %
Amortization of purchased intangibles | 2 | % |  | 1 | % |  | 2 | % |  | 1 | %
Restructuring charges | — | % |  | 1 | % |  | — | % |  | — | %
Non-GAAP operating margin | 13 | % |  | 22 | % |  | 16 | % |  | 23 | %
Net income | $ | 10.7 |  |  | $ | 57.6 |  |  | $ | 70.3 |  |  | $ | 174.9 |
Stock-based compensation expense | 43.1 |  |  | 31.6 |  |  | 116.5 |  |  | 96.1 |
Amortization of developed technologies | 13.1 |  |  | 10.8 |  |  | 40.6 |  |  | 32.6 |
Amortization of purchased intangibles | 9.5 |  |  | 7.4 |  |  | 30.5 |  |  | 27.5 |
Restructuring charges | — |  |  | 4.4 |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | 6.5 |
Loss (gain) on strategic investments | 0.7 |  |  | (0.3 | ) |  | 7.6 |  |  | 1.0 |
Discrete tax provision items | (4.5 | ) |  | (3.0 | ) |  | (9.2 | ) |  | (2.3 | )
Income tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments | (14.9 | ) |  | (14.2 | ) |  | (45.9 | ) |  | (43.9 | )
Non-GAAP net income | $ | 57.7 |  |  | $ | 94.3 |  |  | $ | 213.5 |  |  | $ | 292.4 |
Diluted net income per share (1) | $ | 0.05 |  |  | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.30 |  |  | $ | 0.77 |
Stock-based compensation expense | 0.19 |  |  | 0.14 |  |  | 0.50 |  |  | 0.42 |
Amortization of developed technologies | 0.06 |  |  | 0.04 |  |  | 0.18 |  |  | 0.14 |
Amortization of purchased intangibles | 0.04 |  |  | 0.03 |  |  | 0.13 |  |  | 0.12 |
Restructuring charges | — |  |  | 0.02 |  |  | 0.01 |  |  | 0.03 |
Loss (gain) on strategic investments | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.03 |  |  | — |
Discrete tax provision items | (0.02 | ) |  | (0.01 | ) |  | (0.04 | ) |  | (0.01 | )
Income tax effect of non-GAAP adjustments | (0.07 | ) |  | (0.06 | ) |  | (0.19 | ) |  | (0.19 | )
Non-GAAP diluted net income per share (1) | $ | 0.25 |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | 0.92 |  |  | $ | 1.28 |

____________________

(1) | Earnings per share were computed independently for each of the periods presented; therefore the sum of the earnings per share amount for the quarters may not equal the total for the year.

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Our non-GAAP financial measures may exclude the following:
Stock-based compensation expenses. We exclude stock-based compensation expenses from non-GAAP measures primarily because they are non-cash expenses and management finds it useful to exclude certain non-cash charges to assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses to assist in budgeting, planning and forecasting future periods. Moreover, because of varying available valuation methodologies, subjective assumptions and the variety of award types that companies can use under FASB ASC Topic 718, we believe excluding stock-based compensation expenses allows investors to make meaningful comparisons between our recurring core business operating results and those of other companies.
Amortization of developed technologies and purchased intangibles. We incur amortization of acquisition-related developed technology and purchased intangibles in connection with acquisitions of certain businesses and technologies. Amortization of developed technologies and purchased intangibles is inconsistent in amount and frequency and is significantly affected by the timing and size of our acquisitions. Management finds it useful to exclude these variable charges from our cost of revenues to assist in budgeting, planning and forecasting future periods. Investors should note that the use of intangible assets contributed to our revenues earned during the periods presented and will contribute to our future period revenues as well. Amortization of developed technologies and purchased intangible assets will recur in future periods.
Goodwill impairment. This is a non-cash charge to write-down goodwill to fair value when there was an indication that the asset was impaired. As explained above, management finds it useful to exclude certain non-cash charges to assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses to assist in budgeting, planning and forecasting future periods.
Restructuring charges (benefits), net. These expenses are associated with realigning our business strategies based on current economic conditions. In connection with these restructuring actions, we recognize costs related to termination benefits for former employees whose positions were eliminated, the closure of facilities and cancellation of certain contracts. We exclude these charges because these expenses are not reflective of ongoing business and operating results. We believe it is useful for investors to understand the effects of these items on our total operating expenses.
Loss (gain) on strategic investments. We exclude gains and losses related to our strategic investments from our non-GAAP measures primarily because management finds it useful to exclude these variable gains and losses on these investments in assessing our financial results. Included in these amounts are non-cash unrealized gains and losses on the derivative components, realized gains and losses on the sales or losses on the impairment of these investments. We believe excluding these items is useful to investors because these excluded items do not correlate to the underlying performance of our business and these losses or gains were incurred in connection with strategic investments which do not occur regularly.
Establishment of a valuation allowance on certain net deferred tax assets. This is a non-cash charge to record a valuation allowance on certain deferred tax assets. As explained above, management finds it useful to exclude certain non-cash charges to assess the appropriate level of various cash expenses to assist in budgeting, planning and forecasting future periods.
Discrete tax items. We exclude the GAAP tax provision, including discrete items, from the non-GAAP measure of income, and include a non-GAAP tax provision based upon the projected annual non-GAAP effective tax rate. Discrete tax items include income tax expenses or benefits that do not relate to ordinary income from continuing operations in the current fiscal year, unusual or infrequently occurring items, or the tax impact of certain stock-based compensation. Examples of discrete tax items include, but are not limited to, certain changes in judgment and changes in estimates of tax matters related to prior fiscal years, certain costs related to business combinations, certain changes in the realizability of deferred tax assets or changes in tax law. Management believes this approach assists investors in understanding the tax provision and the effective tax rate related to ongoing operations. We believe the exclusion of these discrete tax items provides investors with useful supplemental information about the Company's operational performance.
Income tax effects on the difference between GAAP and non-GAAP costs and expenses. The income tax effects that are excluded from the non-GAAP measures relate to the tax impact on the difference between GAAP and non-GAAP expenses, primarily due to stock-based compensation, amortization of purchased intangibles and restructuring charges (benefits) for GAAP and non-GAAP measures.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary source of cash is from the sale of licenses to our products. Our primary use of cash is payment of our operating costs which consist primarily of employee-related expenses, such as compensation and benefits, as well as general operating expenses for marketing, facilities and overhead costs. In addition to operating expenses, we also use cash to fund our
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stock repurchase program and invest in our growth initiatives, which include acquisitions of products, technology and businesses. See further discussion of these items below.
At October 31, 2014, our principal sources of liquidity were cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities totaling $2,156.9 million and net accounts receivable of $375.7 million.
In fiscal 2013, we issued $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.95% senior notes due December 15, 2017 and $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.6% senior notes due December 15, 2022, (collectively, the “Senior Notes”). As of December 5, 2014, we have $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes outstanding. In addition, we have a line of credit facility that permits unsecured short-term borrowings of up to $400.0 million. As of December 5, 2014, we have no amounts outstanding under the credit facility. The credit facility expires in May 2018. Borrowings under the credit facility and the net proceeds from the offering of the Senior Notes are available for general corporate purposes.
Our cash and cash equivalents are held by diversified financial institutions globally. Our primary commercial banking relationship is with Citigroup and its global affiliates. In addition, Citibank N.A., an affiliate of Citigroup, is one of the lead lenders and agent in the syndicate of our $400.0 million line of credit.
The decrease in our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities from $2,544.4 million at January 31, 2014 to $2,156.9 million at October 31, 2014 is primarily due to cash used for acquisitions, including business combination and technology purchases, repurchases of common stock, and capital expenditures partially offset by cash generated by operating activities, and proceeds from the issuance of common stock following stock option exercises and employee stock plan purchases. The cash proceeds from issuance of common stock varies based on our stock price, stock option exercise activity and the volume of employee purchases under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
The primary sources for net cash provided by operating activities of $450.9 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2014 were the cash effect of expenses totaling $226.4 million associated with depreciation, amortization and accretion and stock-based compensation, changes in operating assets and liabilities of $141.6 million and net income of $70.3 million. The primary source of working capital was an increase in deferred revenue and a decrease in accounts receivable. Our days sales outstanding in trade receivables was 55 at October 31, 2014 compared to 66 days at January 31, 2014. The days sales outstanding decrease relates primarily to a seasonal billings linearity shift and lower maintenance renewal billings. The primary working capital uses of cash was a decrease in income tax payables.
At October 31, 2014, our short-term investment portfolio had an estimated fair value of $556.4 million and a cost basis of $550.9 million. The portfolio fair value consisted of $242.5 million invested in commercial paper and certificates of deposit, $132.3 million invested in time deposits with remaining maturities at the date of purchase greater than 90 days and less than one year, $99.6 million invested in corporate debt securities, $44.1 million invested in mutual funds, $22.4 million invested in municipal securities, $9.5 million invested in other short-term securities, and $6.0 million invested in U.S. treasury bills.
At October 31, 2014, $44.1 million of trading securities were invested in a defined set of mutual funds as directed by the participants in our Deferred Compensation Plan (see Note 10, “Deferred Compensation,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion).
Long-term cash requirements for items other than normal operating expenses are anticipated for the following: common stock repurchases; the acquisition of businesses, software products, or technologies complementary to our business; and capital expenditures, including the purchase and implementation of internal-use software applications.
Our strategy includes improving our product functionality and expanding our product offerings through internal development as well as through the acquisition of products, technology and businesses. Acquisitions often increase the speed at which we can deliver product functionality to our customers; however, they entail cost and integration challenges and, in certain instances, negatively impact our operating margins. We continually review these trade-offs in making decisions regarding acquisitions. We currently anticipate that we will continue to acquire products, technology and businesses as compelling opportunities become available. Our decision to acquire businesses or technology is dependent on our business needs, the availability of suitable sellers and technology, and our own financial condition.
As of October 31, 2014, there have been no material changes in our contractual obligations or commercial commitments compared to those we disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2014.
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Our cash, cash equivalent and marketable securities balances are concentrated in a few locations around the world, with substantial amounts held outside of the U.S. As of October 31, 2014, approximately 83% of our total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities are located offshore and will fluctuate subject to business needs. Certain amounts held outside the U.S. could be repatriated to the U.S. (subject to local law restrictions), but under current U.S. tax law, could be subject to U.S. income taxes less applicable foreign tax credits. We have provided for the U.S. income tax liability on foreign earnings, except for foreign earnings that are considered permanently reinvested outside the U.S. Our intent is that amounts related to foreign earnings permanently reinvested outside the U.S. will remain outside the U.S. and we will meet our U.S. liquidity needs through ongoing cash flows, external borrowings, or both. We regularly review our capital structure and consider a variety of potential financing alternatives and planning strategies to ensure we have the proper liquidity available in the locations in which it is needed and to fund our existing stock buyback program with cash that has not been permanently reinvested outside the U.S.
Cash from operations could also be affected by various risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to the risks detailed in Part II, Item 1A titled “Risk Factors.” However, based on our current business plan and revenue prospects, we believe that our existing balances, our anticipated cash flows from operations and our available credit facility will be sufficient to meet our working capital and operating resource expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.
Our revenue, earnings, cash flows, receivables and payables are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, for which we have put in place foreign currency contracts as part of our risk management strategy. See Part I, Item 3, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” for further discussion.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Autodesk's stock repurchase program is largely to help offset the dilution from the issuance of stock under our employee stock plans and for such other purposes as may be in the interests of Autodesk and its stockholders, and has the effect of returning excess cash generated from our business to stockholders. The number of shares acquired and the timing of the purchases are based on several factors, including general market conditions, the volume of employee stock option exercises, stock issuance, the trading price of our common stock, cash on hand and available in the U.S., and company defined trading windows. During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, we repurchased 1.9 million and 5.8 million shares, respectively, of our common stock. At October 31, 2014, 16.0 million shares remained available for repurchase under the repurchase program approved by the Board of Directors. This program does not have a fixed expiration date. See Note 15, “Common Stock Repurchase Program,” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.
The following table provides information about the repurchase of common stock in open-market transactions during the quarter ended October 31, 2014:

(Shares in millions) | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1) |  | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2)
August 1 - August 31 | 0.6 |  |  | $ | 54.11 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 17.3 |
September 1 - September 30 | 0.6 |  |  | 54.28 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 16.7 |
October 1 - October 31 | 0.7 |  |  | 53.94 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 16.0 |
Total | 1.9 |  |  | $ | 54.11 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  |

________________

(1) | Represents shares purchased in open-market transactions under the stock repurchase plan approved by the Board of Directors.

(2) | These amounts correspond to the plan approved by the Board of Directors in June 2012 that authorized the repurchase of 30.0 million shares. This plan does not have a fixed expiration date.

There were no sales of unregistered securities during the nine months ended October 31, 2014.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of October 31, 2014, we did not have any significant off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.
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Glossary of terms
BIM (Building Information Modeling)—BIM describes a model-based technology linked with a database of project information, and is the process of generating and managing information throughout the life cycle of a building. BIM is used as a digital representation of the building process to facilitate exchange and interoperability of information in digital formats.
Constant currency growth rates—We attempt to represent the changes in the underlying business operations by eliminating fluctuations caused by changes in foreign currency exchange rates as well as eliminating hedge gains or losses recorded within the current and comparative periods. Our constant currency methodology removes all hedging gains and losses from the calculation.
Digital prototyping—Digital prototyping allows designers, architects and engineers to analyze, simulate and visualize a design using a digital or virtual model rather than a physical model.
Flagship—Autodesk flagship products are our core design products. Flagship includes the following products: 3ds Max, AutoCAD, AutoCAD LT, AutoCAD vertical products (such as AutoCAD Architecture and AutoCAD Mechanical), Civil 3D, Inventor products (standalone), Maya, Plant 3D, and Revit products (standalone).
License and Other revenue—License and other revenue consists of two components: (1) all forms of product license revenue and (2) other revenue. Product license revenue includes software license revenue from the sale of seat licenses, software license revenue from the sale of seat term-based licenses from our desktop subscription and enterprise offerings, and product revenue for Creative Finishing. Other revenue includes revenue from consulting, training, Autodesk Developers Network and Creative Finishing customer support, and is recognized over time, as the services are performed.
Maintenance—Our maintenance program provides our commercial and educational customers with a cost effective and predictable budgetary option to obtain the productivity benefits of our new releases and enhancements when and if released during the term of their contracts. Under our maintenance program, customers are eligible to receive unspecified upgrades when and if available, downloadable training courses and online support. We recognize maintenance revenue over the term of the agreements, generally between one and three years.
New and Adjacent—Autodesk new and adjacent products include Autodesk's new product offerings as well as products that are not included in flagship or suites. New and adjacent includes the following services and products: Autodesk Alias Design products, Autodesk 360 products, Autodesk Consulting, Autodesk Simulation, Autodesk Simulation Multiphysics, Autodesk Buzzsaw, Autodesk CF Design, Autodesk Constructware, Autodesk consumer products, Autodesk Creative Finishing products, Autodesk Moldflow products, Autodesk Navisworks, Autodesk Scaleform, Autodesk Vault products, Delcam products and all other products.
Suites—Autodesk design suites are a combination of products that target a specific user objective (product design, building design, etc.) and support a set of workflows for that objective. Our current design and creation suites include: AutoCAD Design Suite, Autodesk Building Design Suite, Autodesk Entertainment Creation Suite, Autodesk Factory Design Suite, Autodesk Infrastructure Design Suite, Autodesk Plant Design Suite, and Autodesk Product Design Suite.
Subscription revenue—Autodesk subscription revenue consists of three components: (1) maintenance revenue from our software products; (2) maintenance revenue from our term-based desktop subscription and enterprise offerings; and (3) revenue from our cloud service offerings.
Total Subscriptions—Consists of subscriptions from our maintenance, desktop, cloud service and enterprise license offerings that are active as of the quarter end date. For certain cloud based and enterprise license offerings, subscriptions represent the monthly average activity within the last three months of the quarter end date. Total subscriptions do not include data from education offerings, consumer product offerings, certain Creative Finishing product offerings, Autodesk Buzzsaw, Autodesk Constructware, and third party products. Subscriptions acquired with the acquisition of a business are captured once the data conforms to our subscription count methodology and when added, may cause variability in the quarterly comparisons of this calculation.
Billings—Amounts billed to customers during the current fiscal period net of any partner incentives or other discounts.
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ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Foreign currency exchange risk
Our revenue, earnings, cash flows, receivables and payables are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Our risk management strategy utilizes foreign currency contracts to manage our exposure to foreign currency volatility that exists as part of our ongoing business operations. We utilize cash flow hedge contracts to reduce the exchange rate impact on a portion of the net revenue or operating expense of certain anticipated transactions. In addition, we use balance sheet hedge contracts to reduce the exchange rate risk associated primarily with foreign currency denominated receivables and payables. As of October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014, we had open cash flow and balance sheet hedge contracts with future settlements within one to twelve months. Contracts were primarily denominated in euros, Japanese yen, Swiss francs, British pounds, Canadian dollars and Australian dollars. We do not enter into any foreign exchange derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The net notional amount of our option and forward contracts was $425.5 million and $557.2 million at October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014, respectively.
We utilize foreign currency contracts to reduce the exchange rate impact on the net revenue and operating expenses of certain anticipated transactions. A sensitivity analysis performed on our hedging portfolio as of October 31, 2014 indicated that a hypothetical 10% appreciation of the U.S. dollar from its value at October 31, 2014 and January 31, 2014 would increase the fair value of our foreign currency contracts by $35.1 million and $7.9 million, respectively. A hypothetical 10% depreciation of the dollar from its value at October 31, 2014 would decrease the fair value of our foreign currency contracts by $10.0 million. A hypothetical 10% depreciation of the dollar from its value at January 31, 2014 would increase the fair value of our foreign currency contracts by $3.7 million.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate movements affect both the interest income we earn on our short term investments and the market value of certain longer term securities. At October 31, 2014, we had $1,486.4 million of cash equivalents and marketable securities, including $556.4 million classified as short-term marketable securities and $255.5 million classified as long-term marketable securities. If interest rates were to move up or down by 50 or 100 basis points over a twelve month period, the market value change of our marketable securities would have a unrealized gain or loss of $3.1 million and $6.2 million, respectively.
Other Market Risk
From time to time we make direct investments in privately held companies. The privately held companies in which we invest are considered inherently risky. The technologies and products these companies have under development are typically in the early stages and may never materialize, which could result in a loss of all or a substantial part of our initial investment in these companies. The evaluation of privately held companies is based on information that we request from these companies, which is not subject to the same disclosure regulations as U.S. publicly traded companies, and as such, the basis for these evaluations is subject to the timing and accuracy of the data received from these companies.

ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to Autodesk’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management.
Our disclosure controls and procedures include components of our internal control over financial reporting. Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will necessarily prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the
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benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Autodesk have been detected.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) during the quarter ended October 31, 2014 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are involved in a variety of claims, suits, investigations and proceedings in the normal course of business activities including claims of alleged infringement of intellectual property rights, commercial, employment, piracy prosecution, business practices and other matters. In our opinion, resolution of pending matters is not expected to have a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position. Given the unpredictable nature of legal proceedings, there is a reasonable possibility that an unfavorable resolution of one or more such proceedings could in the future materially affect our results of operations, cash flows or financial position in a particular period, however, based on the information known by us as of the date of this filing and the rules and regulations applicable to the preparation of the Company’s financial statements, any such amount is either immaterial or it is not possible to provide an estimated amount of any such potential loss.

ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS

We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves significant risks, a number of which are beyond our control. In addition to the other information contained in this Form 10-Q, the following discussion highlights some of these risks and the possible impact of these factors on our business, financial condition and future results of operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely impacted, causing the trading price of our common stock to decline. In addition, these risks and uncertainties may impact the “forward-looking” statements described elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and in the documents incorporated herein by reference. They could affect our actual results of operations, causing them to differ materially from those expressed in “forward-looking” statements.
Global economic and political conditions may further impact our business, financial results and financial condition.
As our business has expanded globally, we have increasingly become subject to risks arising from adverse changes in global economic and political conditions. The past several years were characterized by weak global economic conditions, volatile credit markets, relatively high unemployment, a low level of liquidity in many financial markets, increased government deficit spending and debt levels, uncertainty about certain governments' abilities to repay such debt or to address certain fiscal issues, and volatility in many financial instrument markets. If economic growth in countries where we do business slows, or if such countries experience further economic recessions, customers may delay or reduce technology purchases. This could result in reductions in sales of our products and services, longer sales cycles and slower adoption of our technologies.
Over the past several years, many of our customers have experienced tighter credit, negative financial news and weaker financial performance of their businesses and have reduced their workforces, thereby reducing the number of licenses and the number of maintenance contracts they purchase from us. In addition, a number of our customers rely, directly and indirectly, on government spending. Current debt balances of many countries without proportionate increases in revenues have caused many countries to reduce spending and in some cases have forced those countries to restructure their debt in an effort to avoid defaulting under those obligations. This has not only impacted those countries but others that are holders of such debt and those assisting in such restructuring.
These actions may impact, and over the past several years have negatively impacted, our business, financial results and financial condition. Moreover, our financial performance may be negatively impacted by:

• | lack of credit available to and the insolvency of key channel partners, which may impair our distribution channels and cash flows;

• | counterparty failures negatively impacting our treasury functions, including timely access to our cash reserves and third-party fulfillment of hedging transactions;

• | counterparty failures negatively affecting our insured risks;

• | inability of banks to honor our existing line of credit, which could increase our borrowing expenses or eliminate our ability to obtain short-term financing; and

• | decreased borrowing and spending by our end users on small and large projects in the industries we serve, thereby reducing demand for our products.

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Uncertainty about current and future economic and political conditions on us, our customers and partners, makes it difficult for us to forecast operating results and to make decisions about future investments.
A slower economic recovery in industries important to our business may adversely affect our business, financial results and financial condition. If a macro-economic recovery does not occur as rapidly as anticipated, our ability to meet our long-term financial targets may also be adversely affected.
If we fail to successfully manage our business model transition to cloud-based products and more flexible product licenses, our results of operations could be negatively impacted.
To address the industry transition from personal computer to cloud, social, and mobile computing, we have accelerated our move to the cloud and are offering more flexible product licenses. As part of this transition, we announced in fiscal 2014 that we are discontinuing upgrades after fiscal 2015 and, in October 2014, we announced that we plan to discontinue new perpetual offerings over the next 12 to 24 months. As a result, we expect to derive an increasing portion of our revenues in the future from subscriptions. This subscription model prices and delivers our products in a way that differs from the historical perpetual pricing and delivery methods. These changes reflect a significant shift from perpetual license sales and distribution of our software in favor of providing our customers the right to access certain of our software in a hosted environment or use downloaded software for a specified subscription period.
While we expect to increase our total subscriptions, customer value, billings, bookings, ratable and recurring revenue over time as a result of this business model transition, our ability to achieve these financial objectives is subject to risks and uncertainties. The new offerings require a considerable investment of technical, financial, legal and sales resources, and a scalable organization. Market acceptance of such offerings is affected by a variety of factors, including but not limited to: security, reliability, performance, current license terms, customer preference, social/community engagement, customer concerns with entrusting a third party to store and manage their data, public concerns regarding privacy and the enactment of restrictive laws or regulations. Whether our business model transition will prove successful and will accomplish our business and financial objectives is subject to numerous uncertainties, including but not limited to: customer demand, attach and renewal rates, channel acceptance, our ability to further develop and scale infrastructure, our ability to include functionality and usability in such offerings that address customer requirements, tax and accounting implications, pricing and our costs. In addition, the metrics we use to gauge the status of our business model transition may evolve over the course of the transition as significant trends emerge. If we are unable to successfully establish these new offerings and navigate our business model transition in light of the foregoing risks and uncertainties, our results of operations could be negatively impacted.
Our strategy to develop and introduce new products and services exposes us to risks such as limited customer acceptance, costs related to product defects and large expenditures that may not result in additional net revenue or could result in decreased net revenue.
Rapid technological changes, as well as changes in customer requirements and preferences, characterize the software industry. Just as the transition from mainframes to personal computers transformed the industry 30 years ago, we believe our industry is undergoing a similar transition from the personal computer to cloud, mobile and social computing. Customers are also reconsidering the manner in which they license software products, which requires us to constantly evaluate our business model and strategy. In response, we are focused on providing solutions to enable our customers to be more agile and collaborative on their projects. We are also developing consumer products for digital art, personal design and creativity, and home design. We devote significant resources to the development of new technologies. In addition, we frequently introduce new business models or methods that require a considerable investment of technical and financial resources such as an increase in our portfolio of, and focus on, suites and, most recently, our introduction of flexible license and service offerings. We are making such investments through further development and enhancement of our existing products and services, as well as through acquisitions of new product lines. Such investments may not result in sufficient revenue generation to justify their costs and could result in decreased net revenue. If we are not able to meet customer requirements, either with respect to our software products or the manner in which we provide such products, or if we are not able to adapt our business model to meet our customers' requirements, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely impacted.
In particular, a critical component of our growth strategy is to have customers of our AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT products expand their portfolios to include our suites and cloud-based services. Over time, we aim to migrate customers using standalone Autodesk products to expand their portfolio with our suites and cloud-based offerings, and we have recently taken steps to accelerate this migration. At times, sales of licenses of our AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT or standalone Autodesk flagship products have decreased without a corresponding increase in suites product or cloud-based services revenue or without purchases of customer seats to our suites. Should this continue, our results of operations will be adversely affected. Also, adoption of our cloud and mobile computing offerings and changes in the delivery of our software and services to our
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customers, such as desktop subscription (formally referred to as rental) offerings, will change the way in which we recognize revenue relating to our software and services, with a potential negative impact on our financial performance. The accounting impact of these offerings and other business decisions are expected to result in an increase in the percentage of our ratable revenue, as well as recurring revenue, making for a more predictable business over time, while potentially reducing our upfront perpetual revenue stream. Additionally, the software products we offer are complex, and despite extensive testing and quality control, may contain errors or defects. These errors or defects could result in the need for corrective releases to our software products, damage to our reputation, loss of revenue, an increase in product returns or lack of market acceptance of our products, any of which would likely harm our business.
Our executive management team must act quickly, continuously and with vision, given the rapidly changing customer expectations and technology advancements inherent in the software industry, the extensive and complex efforts required to create useful and widely accepted products and the rapid evolution of cloud computing, mobile devices, new computing platforms and other technologies, such as consumer products. Although we have articulated a strategy that we believe will fulfill these challenges, if we fail to execute properly on that strategy, adapt that strategy as market conditions evolve, we may fail to meet our customers' expectations, fail to compete with our competitors' products and technology and lose the confidence of our channel partners and employees. This in turn could adversely affect our business and financial performance.
We are dependent on international revenue and operations, exposing us to significant regulatory, global economic, intellectual property, collections, currency exchange rate, taxation, political instability and other risks, which could adversely impact our financial results.
We are dependent on our international operations for a significant portion of our revenue. International net revenue represented 69% and 71% of our net revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, respectively. Our international revenue, including that from emerging economies, is subject to general economic and political conditions in foreign markets, including conditions in foreign markets resulting from economic and political conditions in the U.S. Our revenue is also impacted by the relative geographical and country mix of our revenue over time. At times, these factors adversely impact our international revenue, and consequently our business as a whole. Our dependency on international revenue makes us much more exposed to global economic and political trends, which can negatively impact our financial results, even if our results in the U.S. are strong for a particular period. Further, a significant portion of our earnings from our international operations may not be freely transferable to the U.S. due to remittance restrictions, adverse tax consequences or other factors. Our intent is that amounts related to foreign earnings permanently reinvested outside the U.S. will remain outside the U.S., and we will meet our U.S. liquidity needs through ongoing cash flows, external borrowings (such as our Senior Notes), or both. However, if, in the future, amounts held by foreign subsidiaries are needed to fund our operations in the U.S., or to service our external borrowings, the repatriation of such amounts to the U.S. could result in a significant incremental tax liability in the period in which the decision to repatriate occurs and payment of any such tax liability would reduce the cash available to fund our operations.
We anticipate that our international operations will continue to account for a significant portion of our net revenue, and, as we expand our international development, sales and marketing expertise, will provide significant support to our overall efforts in countries outside of the U.S. Risks inherent in our international operations include fluctuating currency exchange rates, including risks related to any hedging activities we undertake, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements and practices, delays resulting from difficulty in obtaining export licenses for certain technology, tariffs, quotas and other trade barriers and restrictions, transportation delays, operating in locations with a higher incidence of corruption and fraudulent business practices, particularly in emerging economies, increasing enforcement by the U.S. under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, adoption of stricter anti-corruption laws in certain countries, including the United Kingdom, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign sales and development operations, longer collection cycles for accounts receivable, potential changes in tax laws, including possible U.S. and foreign tax law changes that, if enacted, could significantly impact how multinational companies are taxed, tax arrangements with foreign governments, including our ability to meet and renew the terms of those tax arrangements, and laws regarding the management of and access to data and public networks, possible future limitations upon foreign owned businesses, increased financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities, inadequate local infrastructure, greater difficulty in protecting intellectual property, and other factors beyond our control, including popular uprisings, terrorism, war, natural disasters and diseases.
Existing and increased competition and rapidly evolving technological changes may reduce our revenue and profits.
The software industry has limited barriers to entry, and the availability of computing devices with continually expanding performance at progressively lower prices contributes to the ease of market entry. The industry is presently undergoing a platform shift from the personal computer to cloud and mobile computing. This shift further lowers barriers to entry and poses a disruptive challenge to established software companies. The markets in which we compete are characterized by vigorous
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competition, both by entry of competitors with innovative technologies and by consolidation of companies with complementary products and technologies. In addition, some of our competitors in certain markets have greater financial, technical, sales and marketing and other resources. Furthermore, a reduction in the number and availability of compatible third-party applications, or our inability to rapidly adapt to technological and customer preference changes, including those related to cloud computing, mobile devices, and new computing platforms, may adversely affect the sale of our products. Because of these and other factors, competitive conditions in the industry are likely to intensify in the future. Increased competition could result in price reductions, reduced net revenue and profit margins and loss of market share, any of which would likely harm our business.
We believe that our future results largely depend upon our ability to offer products that compete favorably with respect to reliability, performance, ease of use, range of useful features, continuing product enhancements, reputation and price.
If we do not maintain good relationships with the members of our distribution channel, or achieve anticipated levels of sell-through, our ability to generate revenue will be adversely affected. If our distribution channel suffers financial losses, becomes financially unstable or insolvent, or is not provided the right mix of incentives to sell our products, our ability to generate revenue will be adversely affected.
We sell our software products both directly to end-users and through a network of distributors and resellers. For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, approximately 83% and 84% of our revenue was derived from indirect channel sales through distributors and resellers, respectively, and we expect that the majority of our revenue will continue to be derived from indirect channel sales in the future. Our ability to effectively distribute our products depends in part upon the financial and business condition of our distributor and reseller network. Computer software distributors and resellers typically are not highly capitalized, have previously experienced difficulties during times of economic contraction and experienced difficulties during the past several years. We have processes to ensure that we assess the creditworthiness of distributors and resellers prior to our sales to them. In the past we have taken steps to support them, and may take additional steps in the future, such as extending credit terms and providing temporary discounts. These steps, if taken, could harm our financial results. If our distributors and resellers were to become insolvent, they would not be able to maintain their business and sales, or provide customer support services, which would negatively impact our business and revenue.
We rely significantly upon major distributors and resellers in both the U.S. and international regions, including the distributor Tech Data Corporation and its global affiliates (“Tech Data”). Tech Data accounted for 26% of our total net revenue for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, as compared to 24% and 25% of our total net revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2013, respectively. Although we believe that we are not substantially dependent on Tech Data, if Tech Data were to experience a significant disruption with its business or if our relationship with Tech Data were to significantly deteriorate, it is possible that our ability to sell to end users would be, at least temporarily, negatively impacted. This could in turn negatively impact our financial results.
Over time, we have modified and will continue to modify aspects of our relationship with our distributors and resellers, such as their incentive programs, pricing to them and our distribution model to motivate and reward them for aligning their businesses with our strategy and business objectives. Changes in these relationships and underlying programs could negatively impact their business and harm our business. In addition, the loss of or a significant reduction in business with those distributors or resellers or the failure to achieve anticipated levels of sell-through with any one of our major international distributors or large resellers could harm our business. In particular, if one or more of such distributors or resellers were unable to meet their obligations with respect to accounts payable to us, we could be forced to write off such accounts and may be required to delay the recognition of revenue on future sales to these customers. These events could have a material adverse effect on our financial results.
Our financial results fluctuate within each quarter and from quarter to quarter making our future revenue and financial results difficult to predict.
Our quarterly financial results have fluctuated in the past and will continue to do so in the future. These fluctuations could cause our stock price to change significantly or experience declines. In addition to the other factors described in this Part II, Item 1A, some of the factors that could cause our financial results to fluctuate include:

• | general market, economic, business and political conditions in particular geographies, including Europe, APAC, and emerging economies;

• | failure to produce sufficient revenue, billings or subscription growth and profitability;

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• | results and future projections related to our business model transition, including the impact of the end of upgrades and perpetual licenses;

• | confusion on the part of analysts and investors about the short-term and long-term impact to our business resulting from our business model transition;

• | weak or negative growth in one or more of the industries we serve, including architecture, engineering and construction, manufacturing, education and digital media and entertainment markets;

• | failure to achieve and maintain cost reductions and productivity increases;

• | dependence on and the timing of large transactions;

• | changes in product mix, pricing pressure or changes in product pricing;

• | changes in billings linearity;

• | fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and the effectiveness of our hedging activity;

• | the ability of governments around the world to adopt fiscal policies, meet their financial and debt obligations, and to finance infrastructure projects;

• | lower growth or contraction of our maintenance program;

• | restructuring or other accounting charges and unexpected costs or other operating expenses;

• | failure to expand our AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT products customer base to related design products;

• | our inability to rapidly adapt to technological and customer preference changes, including those related to cloud computing, mobile devices, and new computing platforms;

• | the timing of the introduction of new products by us or our competitors;

• | the success of new business or sales initiatives and increasing our portfolio of product suites;

• | the financial and business condition of our reseller and distribution channels;

• | failure to accurately predict the impact of acquired businesses or to identify and realize the anticipated benefits of acquisitions, and successfully integrate such acquired businesses and technologies;

• | perceived or actual technical or other problems with a product or combination of products;

• | unexpected or negative outcomes of matters and expenses relating to litigation or regulatory inquiries;

• | failure to achieve anticipated levels of customer acceptance of key new applications;

• | increases in cloud services-related expenses;

• | security breaches and potential financial penalties to customers and government entities;

• | timing of additional investments in the development of our platform or deployment of our services;

• | timing of product releases and retirements;

• | failure to continue momentum of frequent release cycles or to move a significant number of customers from prior product versions in connection with our programs to retire major products;

• | changes in tax laws or regulations, tax arrangements with foreign governments or accounting rules, such as increased use of fair value measures;

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• | changes in revenue recognition or other accounting guidelines employed by us and/or established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board or other rule-making bodies;

• | changes in sales compensation practices;

• | failure to effectively implement our copyright legalization programs, especially in developing countries;

• | failure to achieve sufficient sell-through in our channels for new or existing products;

• | renegotiation or termination of royalty or intellectual property arrangements;

• | interruptions or terminations in the business of our consultants or third party developers;

• | the timing and degree of expected investments in growth and efficiency opportunities;

• | failure to achieve continued success in technology advancements;

• | catastrophic events or natural disasters;

• | regulatory compliance costs;

• | costs associated with acquisitions of companies and technologies;

• | potential goodwill impairment charges related to prior acquisitions; and

• | adjustments arising from ongoing or future tax examinations.

We have also experienced fluctuations in financial results in interim periods in certain geographic regions due to seasonality or regional economic or political conditions. In particular, our financial results in Europe during our third quarter are usually affected by a slower summer period, and our Asia Pacific operations typically experience seasonal slowing in our third and fourth quarters.
Our operating expenses are based in part on our expectations for future revenue and are relatively fixed in the short term. Accordingly, any revenue shortfall below expectations has had, and in the future could have, an immediate and significant adverse effect on our profitability. Greater than anticipated expenses or a failure to maintain rigorous cost controls would also negatively affect profitability.
We are exposed to fluctuations in currency exchange rates that could negatively impact our financial results and cash flows.
Because we conduct a substantial portion of our business outside the U.S. and we make certain business and resource decisions based on assumptions about foreign currency, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. These exposures may change over time as business practices evolve and economic conditions change, and they could have a material adverse impact on our financial results and cash flows.
We use derivative instruments to manage a portion of our cash flow exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. As part of our risk management strategy, we use foreign currency contracts to manage a portion of our exposures of underlying assets, liabilities and other obligations, which exist as part of our ongoing business operations. These foreign currency instruments have maturities that extend for one to twelve months in the future, and provide us with some protection against currency exposures. However, our attempts to hedge against these risks may not be completely successful, resulting in an adverse impact on our financial results.
The fluctuations of currencies in which we conduct business can both increase and decrease our overall revenue and expenses for any given fiscal period. Although our foreign currency cash flow hedge program extends beyond the current quarter in order to reduce our exposure to foreign currency volatility, we do not attempt to completely mitigate this risk, and in any case, will incur transaction fees in adopting such hedging programs. Such volatility, even when it increases our revenues or decreases our expenses, impacts our ability to accurately predict our future results and earnings.
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Our business could suffer as a result of risks, costs and charges associated with strategic acquisitions and investments.
We regularly acquire or invest in businesses, software products and technologies that are complementary to our business through acquisitions, strategic alliances or equity or debt investments. For example, we recently acquired Delcam plc (“Delcam”). a leading supplier of advanced CADCAM and industrial measurement solutions for the manufacturing industry. The risks associated with such acquisitions include, among others, the difficulty of assimilating products, operations and personnel, inheriting liabilities such as intellectual property infringement claims, the failure to realize anticipated revenue and cost projections, the requirement to test and assimilate the internal control processes of the acquired business in accordance with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the diversion of management's time and attention.
In addition, such acquisitions and investments involve other risks such as:

• | the inability to retain customers, key employees, vendors, distributors, business partners, and other entities associated with the acquired business;

• | the potential impact on relationships with existing customers, vendors and distributors as business partners as a result of acquiring another business;

• | the potential that due diligence of the acquired business or product does not identify significant problems;

• | the potential for incompatible business cultures;

• | significant higher than anticipated transaction or integration-related costs;

• | potential additional exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates; and

• | exposure to litigation or other claims in connection with, or inheritance of claims or litigation risk as a result of, an acquisition, including but not limited to, claims from terminated employees, customers, or other third parties.

We may not be successful in overcoming such risks, and such acquisitions and investments may negatively impact our business. In addition, such acquisitions and investments have in the past and may in the future contribute to potential fluctuations in our quarterly financial results. These fluctuations could arise from transaction-related costs and charges associated with eliminating redundant expenses or write-offs of impaired assets recorded in connection with acquisitions and investments. These costs or charges could negatively impact our financial results for a given period, cause quarter to quarter variability in our financial results or negatively impact our financial results for several future periods.
A breach of security in our products, services or computer systems may compromise the integrity of our products or services, harm our reputation, create additional liability and adversely impact our financial results.
We make significant efforts to maintain the security and integrity of our source code and computer systems. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber attack or cyber intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments and cyber terrorists, has increased as the number, intensity and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. These threats include but are not limited to identity theft, unauthorized access, DNS attacks, wireless network attacks, viruses and worms, advanced persistent threat (APT), application centric attacks, peer-to-peer attacks, phishing, backdoor trojans and distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. Any of the foregoing could attack our products, services or computer systems. Despite significant efforts to create security barriers to such programs, it is virtually impossible for us to entirely eliminate this risk. Like all software, our software is vulnerable to cyber attacks. In the past, hackers have targeted our software, and they may do so in the future. The impact of cyber attacks could disrupt the proper functioning of our software products or services, cause errors in the output of our customers' work, allow unauthorized access to sensitive, proprietary or confidential information of ours or our customers, and other destructive outcomes. M oreover, as we continue to invest in new lines of consumer products and services we are exposed to increased security risks and the potential for unauthorized access to, or improper use of, the information of our consumer users. If any of the foregoing were to occur, our reputation may suffer, customers may stop buying our products or services, we could face lawsuits and potential liability, and our financial performance could be negatively impacted.
We rely on third-parties to provide us with a number of operational services, including hosting and delivery and certain of our customer services and other operations; any interruption or delay in service from these third parties, breaches of security or
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privacy, or failures in data collection could expose us to liability, harm our reputation and adversely impact our financial performance.
We rely on hosted computer services from third parties for services that we provide our customers and computer operations for our internal use. As we gather customer data and host certain customer data in third-party facilities, a security breach could compromise the integrity or availability or result in the theft of customer data. In addition, our operations could be negatively affected in the event of a security breach, and we could be subject to the loss or theft of confidential or proprietary information, including source code.
Unauthorized access to this data may be obtained through break-ins, breaches of our secure networks by unauthorized parties, employee theft or misuse, or other misconduct. We rely on a number of third party suppliers in the operation of our business for the provision of various services and materials that we use in the operation of our business and production of our products. Although we seek to diversify our third party suppliers, we may from time to time rely on a single or limited number of suppliers, or upon suppliers in a single country, for these services or materials. The inability of such third parties to satisfy our requirements could disrupt our business operations or make it more difficult for us to implement our business strategy. If any of these situations were to occur, our reputation could be harmed, we could be subject to third party liability, including under data protection and privacy laws in certain jurisdictions, and our financial performance could be negatively impacted.
If we are not able to adequately protect our proprietary rights, our business could be harmed.
We rely on a combination of patent, copyright and trademark laws, trade secret protections, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect our proprietary rights. Despite such efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties from time to time have copied aspects of our software products or have obtained and used information that we regard as proprietary. Policing unauthorized use of our software products is time-consuming and costly. While we have recovered some revenue resulting from the unauthorized use of our software products, we are unable to measure the extent to which piracy of our software products exists and we expect that software piracy will remain a persistent problem, particularly in emerging economies. Furthermore, our means of protecting our proprietary rights may not be adequate.
Additionally, we actively protect the secrecy of our confidential information and trade secrets, including our source code. If unauthorized disclosure of our source code occurs, we could potentially lose future trade secret protection for that source code. The loss of future trade secret protection could make it easier for third-parties to compete with our products by copying functionality, which could adversely affect our financial performance and our reputation. We also seek to protect our confidential information and trade secrets through the use of non-disclosure agreements with our customers, contractors, vendors and partners. However, it is possible that our confidential information and trade secrets may be disclosed or published without our authorization. If this were to occur, it may be difficult and/or costly for us to enforce our rights, and our financial performance and reputation could be negatively impacted.
We may face intellectual property infringement claims that could be costly to defend and result in the loss of significant rights.
As more software patents are granted worldwide, the number of products and competitors in our industry segments grows and the functionality of products in different industry segments overlaps, we expect that software product developers will be increasingly subject to infringement claims. Infringement or misappropriation claims have in the past been, and may in the future be, asserted against us, and any such assertions could harm our business. Additionally, certain patent holders without products have become more aggressive in threatening and pursuing litigation in attempts to obtain fees for licensing the right to use patents. Any such claims or threats, whether with or without merit, have been and could in the future be time-consuming to defend, result in costly litigation and diversion of resources, cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements. In addition, such royalty or license agreements, if required, may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all, which would likely harm our business.
Because we derive a substantial portion of our net revenue from a small number of products, including our AutoCAD-based software products and suites, if these products are not successful, our revenue will be adversely affected.
We derive a substantial portion of our net revenue from sales of licenses of a limited number of our products, including AutoCAD software, products based on AutoCAD, which include our suites that serve specific markets and products that are interoperable with AutoCAD. Any factor adversely affecting sales of these products, including the product release cycle, market acceptance, product competition, performance and reliability, reputation, price competition, economic and market conditions and the availability of third-party applications, would likely harm our financial results. During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2014, combined revenue from our AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT products, not including suites having AutoCAD or AutoCAD LT as a component, represented 27% and 29% of our total net revenue, respectively.
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A significant portion of our revenue is generated through maintenance revenue; decreases in maintenance attach or renewal rates or a decrease in the number of new licenses we sell would negatively impact our future revenue and financial results.
Our maintenance customers have no obligation to attach maintenance to their initial license or renew their maintenance contract after the expiration of their initial maintenance period, which is typically one year. Our customers' attach and renewal rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including the overall global economy, the health of their businesses, and the perceived value of the maintenance program. If our customers do not attach maintenance to their initial license or renew their maintenance contract for our products, our maintenance revenue will decline and our financial results will suffer.
In addition, a portion of the growth of our maintenance revenue has typically been associated with growth of the number of licenses that we sell. Any reduction in the number of licenses that we sell, even if our customers' attach rates do not change, will have a negative impact on our future maintenance revenue. This in turn would impact our business and harm our financial results.
We recognize maintenance revenue ratably over the term of the maintenance contracts, which is predominantly one year, but may also range up to five years. Decreases in maintenance billings will negatively impact future maintenance revenue, however future maintenance revenue will also be impacted by other factors such as the amount, timing and mix of contract terms of future billings.
From time to time we realign or introduce new business and sales initiatives; if we fail to successfully execute and manage these initiatives, our results of operations could be negatively impacted.
As part of our effort to accommodate our customers' needs and demands and the rapid evolution of technology, we from time to time evolve our business and sales initiatives such as realigning our development and marketing organizations, and expanding our portfolio of suites and our offering of software as a service, and realigning our internal resources in an effort to improve efficiency. We may take such actions without clear indications that they will prove successful, and at times, we have been met with short-term challenges in the execution of such initiatives. Market acceptance of any new business or sales initiative is dependent on our ability to match our customers' needs at the right time and price. Often we have limited prior experience and operating history in these new areas of emphasis. If any of our assumptions about expenses, revenue or revenue recognition principles from these initiatives proves incorrect, or our attempts to improve efficiency are not successful, our actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, and our financial results will be negatively impacted.
Our restructuring and cost reduction actions may not be as effective as anticipated.
In the past, we have undertaken restructuring plans. In the future, we may need to undertake additional restructuring efforts, and our business and operating results may be harmed. In taking any future restructuring actions, we may incur additional costs that negatively impact our operating margins. Additionally, a prolonged and slow economic recovery or recessions in the markets in which we operate could also lead to additional restructuring actions and associated costs.
In the past, we have taken actions to reduce our cost structure to more closely align our costs with our revenue levels. In taking these actions, we have attempted to balance the cost of such initiatives against their longer term benefits. If we do not achieve the proper balance of these cost reduction initiatives, we may eliminate critical elements of our operations, the loss of which could negatively impact our ability to benefit from an economic recovery. We cannot assure that our cost cutting efforts will achieve appropriate levels of expenses, and we may take additional actions in the future.
Net revenue or earnings shortfalls or the volatility of the market generally may cause the market price of our stock to decline.
The market price for our common stock has experienced significant fluctuations and may continue to fluctuate significantly. The market price for our common stock may be affected by a number of factors, including the other factors described in this Part II, Item 1A and the following:

• | shortfalls in our expected financial results, including net revenue, earnings, billings, subscriptions or other key performance metrics;

• | quarterly variations in our or our competitors' results of operations;

• | general socio-economic, political or market conditions;

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• | confusion on the part of analysts and investors about the short-term and long-term impact to our business resulting from our business model transition;

• | uncertainty about certain governments' abilities to repay debt or effect fiscal policy;

• | changes in estimates of future results or recommendations by securities analysts;

• | the announcement of new products or product enhancements by us or our competitors;

• | unusual events such as significant acquisitions, divestitures, regulatory actions and litigation;

• | changes in laws, rules or regulations applicable to our business;

• | outstanding debt service obligations; and

• | other factors, including factors unrelated to our operating performance, such as instability affecting the economy or the operating performance of our competitors.

Significant changes in the price of our common stock could expose us to additional costly and time-consuming litigation. Historically, after periods of volatility in the market price of a company's securities, a company becomes more susceptible to securities class action litigation. This type of litigation is often expensive and diverts management's attention and resources.
Our business could be adversely affected if we are unable to attract and retain key personnel.
Our success and ability to invest and grow depend largely on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled technical, professional, managerial, sales and marketing personnel. Historically, competition for these key personnel has been intense. The loss of services of any of our key personnel (including key personnel joining our company through acquisitions), the inability to retain and attract qualified personnel in the future, or delays in hiring required personnel, particularly engineering and sales personnel, could make it difficult to meet key objectives, such as timely and effective product introductions and financial goals.
Changes in laws and/or regulations related to the Internet or related to privacy and data security concerns may impact our business or expose us to increased liability.
The future success of our business depends upon the continued use of the Internet as a primary medium for commerce, communication and business applications. Federal, state or foreign government bodies or agencies have in the past adopted, and may in the future adopt, laws or regulations affecting data privacy and the transmission of certain types of content using the Internet. For example, the State of California has adopted legislation requiring operators of commercial websites and mobile applications that collect personal information from California residents to conspicuously post and comply with privacy policies that satisfy certain requirements. Several other U.S. states have adopted legislation requiring companies to protect the security of personal information that they collect from consumers over the Internet, and more states may adopt similar legislation in the future. Additionally, the Federal Trade Commission has used its authority under Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act to bring actions against companies for failing to maintain adequate security for personal information collected from consumers over the Internet and for failing to comply with privacy-related representations made to Internet users. The U.S. Congress has at various times proposed federal legislation intended to protect the privacy of Internet users and the security of personal information collected from Internet users that would impose additional compliance burdens upon companies collecting personal information from Internet users, and the U.S. Congress may adopt such legislation in the future. The European Union also has adopted various directives regulating data privacy and security and the transmission of content using the Internet involving residents of the European Union, including those directives known as the Data Protection Directive, the E-Privacy Directive, and the Privacy and Electronic Communications Directive, and may adopt similar directives in the future. Several other countries, including Canada and several Latin American and Asian countries, have constitutional protections for, or have adopted legislation protecting, individuals' personal information. Additionally, some federal, state, or foreign governmental bodies have established laws which seek to censor the transmission of certain types of content over the Internet or require that individuals be provided with the ability to permanently delete all electronic personal information, such as the German Multimedia Law of 1997.
Given the variety of global privacy and data protection regimes, it is possible we may find ourselves subject to inconsistent obligations. For instance, the USA Patriot Act is considered by some to be in conflict with certain directives of the European Union. Situations such as these require that we make prospective determinations regarding compliance with
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conflicting regulations. Increased enforcement of existing laws and regulations, as well as any laws, regulations or changes that may be adopted or implemented in the future, could limit the growth of the use of public cloud applications or communications generally, result in a decline in the use of the Internet and the viability of Internet-based applications, and require implementation of additional technological safeguards.
Our investment portfolio is composed of a variety of investment vehicles in a number of countries that are subject to interest rate trends, market volatility and other economic factors. If general economic conditions decline, this could cause the credit ratings of our investments to deteriorate, illiquidity in the financial marketplace, and we may experience a decline in interest income, and an inability to sell our investments, leading to impairment in the value of our investments.
It is our policy to invest our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities in highly liquid instruments with, and in the custody of, financial institutions with high credit ratings and to limit the amounts invested with any one institution, type of security and issuer. However, we are subject to general economic conditions, interest rate trends and volatility in the financial marketplace that can affect the income that we receive from our investments, the net realizable value of our investments (including our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities) and our ability to sell them. In the U.S., for example, the yields on our portfolio securities are very low due to general economic conditions. Any one of these factors could reduce our investment income, or result in material charges, which in turn could impact our overall net income and earnings per share.
From time to time we make direct investments in privately held companies. The privately held companies in which we invest are considered inherently risky. The technologies and products these companies have under development are typically in the early stages and may never materialize, which could result in a loss of all or a substantial part of our initial investment in these companies. The evaluation of privately held companies is based on information that we request from these companies, which is not subject to the same disclosure regulations as U.S. publicly traded companies, and as such, the basis for these evaluations is subject to the timing and accuracy of the data received from these companies.
A loss on any of our investments may cause us to record an other-than-temporary impairment charge. The effect of this charge could impact our overall net income and earnings per share. In any of these scenarios, our liquidity may be negatively impacted, which in turn may prohibit us from making investments in our business, taking advantage of opportunities and potentially meeting our financial obligations as they come due.
We are subject to legal proceedings and regulatory inquiries, and we may be named in additional legal proceedings or become involved in regulatory inquiries in the future, all of which are costly, distracting to our core business and could result in an unfavorable outcome, or a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows or the trading price for our securities.
We are involved in legal proceedings and receive inquiries from regulatory agencies. As the global economy has changed and our business has evolved, we have seen an increase in litigation activity and regulatory inquiries. Like many other high technology companies, the number and frequency of inquiries from U.S. and foreign regulatory agencies we have received regarding our business and our business practices, and the business practices of others in our industry, have increased in recent years. In the event that we are involved in significant disputes or are the subject of a formal action by a regulatory agency, we could be exposed to costly and time consuming legal proceedings that could result in any number of outcomes. Although outcomes of such actions vary, any claims or regulatory actions initiated by or against us, whether successful or not, could result in expensive costs of defense, costly damage awards, injunctive relief, increased costs of business, fines or orders to change certain business practices, significant dedication of management time, diversion of significant operational resources, or otherwise harm our business. In any of these cases, our financial results could be negatively impacted.
Changes in existing financial accounting standards or practices, or taxation rules or practices may adversely affect our results of operations.
Changes in existing accounting or taxation rules or practices, new accounting pronouncements or taxation rules, or varying interpretations of current accounting pronouncements or taxation practice could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations or the manner in which we conduct our business. Further, such changes could potentially affect our reporting of transactions completed before such changes are effective.
For example, the U.S.-based Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) is currently working together with the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) on several projects to further align accounting principles and facilitate more comparable financial reporting between companies who are required to follow U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) under SEC regulations and those who are required to follow IFRS outside of the U.S. These efforts by the
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FASB and IASB may result in different accounting principles under GAAP that may result in materially different financial results for us in areas including, but not limited to principles for recognizing revenue and lease accounting.
It is not clear if or when these potential changes in accounting principles may become effective, whether we have the proper systems and controls in place to accommodate such changes and the impact that any such changes may have on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, as we evolve and change our business and sales models, we are currently unable to determine how these potential changes may impact our new models, particularly in the area of revenue recognition.
We regularly invest resources to update and improve our information technology systems. Should our investments not succeed, or if delays or other issues with new or existing internal technology systems disrupt our operations, our business could be harmed.
We rely on our network and data center infrastructure, technology systems and our websites for our development, marketing, operational, support, sales, accounting and financial reporting activities. We are continually investing resources to update and improve these systems and environments in order to meet the growing and evolving requirements of our business and customers. Such improvements are often complex, costly and time consuming. In addition, such improvements can be challenging to integrate with our existing technology systems, or uncover problems with our existing technology systems. Unsuccessful implementation of hardware or software updates and improvements could result in disruption in our business operations, loss of revenue, errors in our accounting and financial reporting or damage to our reputation.
Although we believe we currently have adequate internal control over financial reporting, we are required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and any adverse results from such evaluation could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports and have an adverse effect on our stock price.
Pursuant to Section 404, we are required to furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financial reporting. The report contains, among other matters, an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of our fiscal year, including a statement as to whether or not our internal control over financial reporting is effective. This assessment must include disclosure of any material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting identified by management.
Although we have determined that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of January 31, 2014, as indicated in our Management Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2014, we must continue to monitor and assess our internal control over financial reporting. If our management identifies one or more material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting and such weakness remains uncorrected at fiscal year-end, we will be unable to assert such internal control is effective at fiscal year-end. If we are unable to assert that our internal control over financial reporting is effective at fiscal year-end (or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal controls or concludes that we have a material weakness in our internal controls), we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which would likely have an adverse effect on our business and stock price.
In preparing our financial statements we make certain assumptions, judgments and estimates that affect amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements, which, if not accurate, may significantly impact our financial results.
We make assumptions, judgments and estimates for a number of items, including the fair value of financial instruments, goodwill, long-lived assets and other intangible assets, the realizability of deferred tax assets and the fair value of stock awards. We also make assumptions, judgments and estimates in determining the accruals for employee related liabilities including commissions, bonuses, and sabbaticals; and in determining the accruals for uncertain tax positions, partner incentive programs, product returns reserves, allowances for doubtful accounts, asset retirement obligations and legal contingencies. These assumptions, judgments and estimates are drawn from historical experience and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ materially from our estimates, and such differences could significantly impact our financial results.
Our financial results could be negatively impacted if our tax positions are overturned by tax authorities.
We are a U.S.-based multinational company subject to tax in multiple U.S. and foreign tax jurisdictions. Our effective tax rate is based on our expected geographic mix of earnings, statutory rates, intercompany transfer pricing, and enacted tax rules. Significant judgment is required in determining our effective tax rate and in evaluating our tax positions on a worldwide basis.
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We believe our tax positions, including intercompany transfer pricing policies, are consistent with the tax laws in the jurisdictions in which we conduct our business. It is possible that these positions may be overturned by jurisdictional tax authorities and may have a significant impact on our effective tax rate.
We rely on third party technologies and if we are unable to use or integrate these technologies, our product and service development may be delayed and our financial results negatively impacted.
We rely on certain software that we license from third parties, including software that is integrated with internally developed software and used in our products to perform key functions. These third-party software licenses may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms, and the software may not be appropriately supported, maintained or enhanced by the licensors. The loss of licenses to, or inability to support, maintain and enhance any such software could result in increased costs, or in delays or reductions in product shipments until equivalent software can be developed, identified, licensed and integrated, which would likely harm our business.
Disruptions with licensing relationships and third party developers could adversely impact our business.
We license certain key technologies from third parties. Licenses may be restricted in the term or the use of such technology in ways that negatively affect our business. Similarly, we may not be able to obtain or renew license agreements for key technology on favorable terms, if at all, and any failure to do so could harm our business.
Our business strategy has historically depended in part on our relationships with third-party developers who provide products that expand the functionality of our design software. Some developers may elect to support other products or may experience disruption in product development and delivery cycles or financial pressure during periods of economic downturn. In particular markets, such disruptions have in the past, and would likely in the future, negatively impact these third-party developers and end users, which could harm our business.
Additionally, technology created by outsourced product development, whether outsourced to third parties or developed externally and transferred to us through business or technology acquisitions, have certain additional risks such as effective integration into existing products, adequate transfer of technology know-how and ownership and protection of transferred intellectual property.
As a result of our strategy of partnering with other companies for product development, our product delivery schedules could be adversely affected if we experience difficulties with our product development partners.
We partner with certain independent firms and contractors to perform some of our product development activities. We believe our partnering strategy allows us to, among other things, achieve efficiencies in developing new products and maintaining and enhancing existing product offerings. Our partnering strategy creates a dependency on such independent developers. Independent developers, including those who currently develop products for us in the U.S. and throughout the world, may not be able or willing to provide development support to us in the future. In addition, use of development resources through consulting relationships, particularly in non-U.S. jurisdictions with developing legal systems, may be adversely impacted by, and expose us to risks relating to, evolving employment, export and intellectual property laws. These risks could, among other things, expose our intellectual property to misappropriation and result in disruptions to product delivery schedules.
Our business may be significantly disrupted upon the occurrence of a catastrophic event.
Our business is highly automated and relies extensively on the availability of our network and data center infrastructure, our internal technology systems and our websites. We also rely on hosted computer services from third parties for services that we provide to our customers and computer operations for our internal use. The failure of our systems or hosted computer services due to a catastrophic event, such as an earthquake, fire, flood, tsunami, weather event, telecommunications failure, power failure, cyber attack or war, could adversely impact our business, financial results and financial condition. We have developed disaster recovery plans and maintain backup systems in order to reduce the potential impact of a catastrophic event, however there can be no assurance that these plans and systems would enable us to return to normal business operations. In addition, any such event could negatively impact a country or region in which we sell our products. This could in turn decrease that country's or region's demand for our products, thereby negatively impacting our financial results.
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We issued $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes in a debt offering in December 2012 and have an existing $400.0 million revolving credit facility, and may incur other debt in the future, which may adversely affect our financial condition and future financial results.
In December 2012, we issued 1.95% notes due December 15, 2017 in an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million and 3.6% notes due December 15, 2022 in an aggregate principal amount of $350.0 million. As the December 2017 and December 2022 debt matures, we will have to expend significant resources to either repay or refinance these notes. If we decide to refinance the notes, we may be required to do so on different or less favorable terms or we may be unable to refinance the notes at all, both of which may adversely affect our financial condition.
We also have a $400.0 million revolving credit facility. As of October 31, 2014, we had no outstanding borrowings on the line of credit. Although we have no current plans to borrow under this credit facility, we may use the proceeds of any future borrowing for general corporate purposes, or for future acquisitions or expansion of our business. Our existing and future levels of indebtedness may adversely affect our financial condition and future financial results by, among other things:

• | increasing our vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and competitive conditions;

• | requiring the dedication of a greater than expected portion of our expected cash from operations to service our indebtedness, thereby reducing the amount of expected cash flow available for other purposes, including capital expenditures and acquisitions; and

• | limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our industry.

We are required to comply with the covenants set forth in our senior unsecured notes and revolving credit facility. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control. If we breach any of the covenants and do not obtain a waiver from the note holders or lenders, then, subject to applicable cure periods, any outstanding indebtedness may be declared immediately due and payable. In addition, changes by any rating agency to our credit rating may negatively impact the value and liquidity of our securities. Under certain circumstances, if our credit ratings are downgraded or other negative action is taken, the interest rate payable by us under our revolving credit facility could increase. Downgrades in our credit ratings could also restrict our ability to obtain additional financing in the future and could affect the terms of any such financing.

ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

There were no sales of unregistered securities during the three months ended October 31, 2014.
The information concerning issuer purchases of equity securities required by this Item is incorporated by reference herein to the section of this Report entitled “Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities” in Part I, Item 2 above.

ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 4. | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION

None.
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ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS

The Exhibits listed below are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Form 10-Q.

Exhibit No. |  | Description
10.1* |  | R. Scott Herren Offer Letter dated September 23, 2014
31.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
31.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
32.1 † |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS †† |  | XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH †† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL †† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF †† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase
101.LAB †† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE †† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

* | Denotes a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
† | The certifications attached as Exhibit 32 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Autodesk, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
†† | The financial information contained in these XBRL documents is unaudited.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: December 5, 2014

AUTODESK, INC.
(Registrant)
/s/ PAUL UNDERWOOD
Paul Underwood
Vice President and Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)

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