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Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Fair Value Measurements | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2015
Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Fair Value Measurements [Abstract] |
Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Fair Value Measurements | Note 4. Derivative Instruments, Hedging Activities and Fair Value Measurements In the normal course of our business operations, we are exposed to certain risks, including changes in interest rates and commodity prices. In order to manage risks associated with assets, liabilities and certain anticipated future transactions, we use derivative instruments such as futures, forward contracts, swaps, options and other instruments with similar characteristics. Substantially all of our derivatives are used for non-trading activities. Interest Rate Hedging Activities We may utilize interest rate swaps, forward starting swaps and similar derivative instruments to manage our exposure to changes in interest rates charged on borrowings under certain consolidated debt agreements. At March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, we did not have any interest rate hedging derivative instruments outstanding. Commodity Hedging Activities The prices of natural gas, NGLs, crude oil, refined products and petrochemical products are subject to fluctuations in response to changes in supply and demand, market conditions and a variety of additional factors that are beyond our control. In order to manage such price risks, we enter into commodity derivative instruments such as physical forward contracts, futures contracts, fixed-for-float swaps, basis swaps and option contracts. The following table summarizes our portfolio of commodity derivative instruments outstanding at March 31, 2015 (volume measures as noted):
| Volume (1) | Accounting
Derivative Purpose | Current (2) | Long-Term (2) | Treatment
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |
Natural gas processing: |  |  |
Forecasted natural gas purchases for plant thermal reduction (Bcf) | 12.8 | n/a | Cash flow hedge
Forecasted sales of NGLs (MMBbls) (3) | 4.2 | n/a | Cash flow hedge
Natural gas marketing: |  |  |
Forecasted purchases of natural gas (Bcf) | 11.1 | n/a | Cash flow hedge
Forecasted sales of natural gas (Bcf) | 2.1 | n/a | Cash flow hedge
Natural gas storage inventory management activities (Bcf) | 3.5 | n/a | Fair value hedge
NGL marketing: |  |  |
Forecasted purchases of NGLs and related hydrocarbon products (MMBbls) | 18.5 | n/a | Cash flow hedge
Forecasted sales of NGLs and related hydrocarbon products (MMBbls) | 18.6 | n/a | Cash flow hedge
Refined products marketing: |  |  |
Forecasted purchases of refined products (MMBbls) | 1.2 | n/a | Cash flow hedge
Forecasted sales of refined products (MMBbls) | 1.8 | n/a | Cash flow hedge
Refined products inventory management activities (MMBbls) | 1.1 | n/a | Fair value hedge
Crude oil marketing: |  |  |
Forecasted purchases of crude oil (MMBbls) | 9.3 | 0.4 | Cash flow hedge
Forecasted sales of crude oil (MMBbls) | 11.5 | 0.4 | Cash flow hedge
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |  |  |
Natural gas risk management activities (Bcf) (4,5) | 89.5 | 10.0 | Mark-to-market
NGL risk management activities (MMBbls) (5) | 1.8 | n/a | Mark-to-market
Crude oil risk management activities (MMBbls) (5) | 5.5 | n/a | Mark-to-market
(1) Volume for derivatives designated as hedging instruments reflects the total amount of volumes hedged whereas volume for derivatives not designated as hedging instruments reflects the absolute value of derivative notional volumes.
(2) The maximum term for derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, derivatives designated as fair value hedges and derivatives not designated as hedging instruments is June 2016, February 2016 and March 2018, respectively.
(3) Forecasted sales of NGL volumes under natural gas processing exclude 1.3 MMBbls of additional hedges executed under contracts that have been designated as normal sales agreements.
(4) Current volumes include 56.2 Bcf of physical derivative instruments that are predominantly priced at a marked-based index plus a premium or minus a discount related to location differences.
(5) Reflects the use of derivative instruments to manage risks associated with transportation, processing and storage assets.
At March 31, 2015, our predominant commodity hedging strategies consisted of (i) hedging anticipated future purchases and sales of commodity products associated with transportation, storage and blending activities, (ii) hedging natural gas processing margins and (iii) hedging the fair value of commodity products held in inventory.
§ | The objective of our anticipated future commodity purchases and sales hedging program is to hedge the margins of certain transportation, storage, blending and operational activities by locking in purchase and sale prices through the use of forward contracts and derivative instruments.
§ | The objective of our natural gas processing hedging program is to hedge an amount of gross margin associated with these activities. We achieve this objective by executing forward fixed-price sales of a portion of our expected equity NGL production using forward contracts and commodity derivative instruments. For certain natural gas processing contracts, the hedging of expected equity NGL production also involves the purchase of natural gas for plant thermal reduction, which is hedged by executing forward fixed-price purchases using forward contracts and derivative instruments.
§ | The objective of our inventory hedging program is to hedge the fair value of commodity products currently held in inventory by locking in the sales price of the inventory through the use of forward contracts and derivative instruments.
Tabular Presentation of Fair Value Amounts, and Gains and Losses on Derivative Instruments and Related Hedged Items The following table provides a balance sheet overview of our derivative assets and liabilities at the dates indicated:
| Asset Derivatives |  | Liability Derivatives |
| March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014 |  | March 31, 2015 |  | December 31, 2014 |
| Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value |  | Balance Sheet Location |  | Fair Value |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity derivatives | Other current assets |  | $ | 123.9 |  | Other current assets |  | $ | 217.9 |  | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 100.3 |  | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 145.3 |
Commodity derivatives | Other assets |  |  | 0.7 |  | Other assets |  |  | -- |  | Other liabilities |  |  | 0.9 |  | Other liabilities |  |  | -- |
Total commodity derivatives |  |  | $ | 124.6 |  |  |  | $ | 217.9 |  |  |  | $ | 101.2 |  |  |  | $ | 145.3 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |
Commodity derivatives | Other current assets |  | $ | 7.8 |  | Other current assets |  | $ | 8.1 |  | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 5.5 |  | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 0.7 |
Commodity derivatives | Other assets |  |  | 0.3 |  | Other assets |  |  | 0.6 |  | Other liabilities |  |  | 1.3 |  | Other liabilities |  |  | 1.4 |
Total commodity derivatives |  |  | $ | 8.1 |  |  |  | $ | 8.7 |  |  |  | $ | 6.8 |  |  |  | $ | 2.1 |
Certain of our commodity derivative instruments are subject to master netting arrangements or similar agreements. The following tables present our derivative instruments subject to such arrangements at the dates indicated:
| Offsetting of Financial Assets and Derivative Assets |
| Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets |  | Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet |  | Amounts of Assets Presented in the Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet |  | Amounts That Would Have Been Presented On Net Basis |
Financial Instruments |  | Cash Collateral Received |  | Cash Collateral Paid |
| (i) |  | (ii) |  | (iii) = (i) – (ii) |  | (iv) |  | (v) = (iii) + (iv) |
As of March 31, 2015: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity derivatives |  | $ | 132.7 |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 132.7 |  |  | $ | (91.2 | ) |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | (28.4 | ) |  | $ | 13.1 |
As of December 31, 2014: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity derivatives |  | $ | 226.6 |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 226.6 |  |  | $ | (147.3 | ) |  | $ | (23.9 | ) |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 55.4 |
| Offsetting of Financial Liabilities and Derivative Liabilities |
| Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities |  | Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheet |  | Amounts of Liabilities Presented in the Balance Sheet |  | Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Balance Sheet |  | Amounts That Would Have Been Presented On Net Basis |
Financial Instruments |  | Cash Collateral Paid |
| (i) |  | (ii) |  | (iii) = (i) – (ii) |  | (iv) |  | (v) = (iii) + (iv) |
As of March 31, 2015: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity derivatives |  | $ | 108.0 |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 108.0 |  |  | $ | (91.2 | ) |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 16.8 |
As of December 31, 2014: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity derivatives |  | $ | 147.4 |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 147.4 |  |  | $ | (147.3 | ) |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 0.1 |
Derivative assets and liabilities recorded on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are presented on a gross-basis and determined at the individual transaction level. The tabular presentation above provides a means for comparing the gross amount of derivative assets and liabilities, excluding associated accounts payable and receivable, to the net amount that would likely be receivable or payable under a default scenario based on the existence of rights of offset in the respective derivative agreements. Any cash collateral paid or received is reflected in these tables, but only to the extent that it represents variation margins. Any amounts associated with derivative prepayments or initial margins that are not influenced by the derivative asset or liability amounts or those that are determined solely on their volumetric notional amounts are excluded from these tables. The following tables present the effect of our derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges on our Unaudited Condensed Statements of Consolidated Operations for the periods indicated:
Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships | Location |  | Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative |
|  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Interest rate derivatives | Interest expense |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | (2.9 | )
Commodity derivatives | Revenue |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | (0.4 | )
Total |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | (3.3 | )
Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships | Location |  | Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Hedged Item |
|  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Interest rate derivatives | Interest expense |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 2.9 |
Commodity derivatives | Revenue |  |  | 8.6 |  |  |  | (1.4 | )
Total |  |  | $ | 8.6 |  |  | $ | 1.5 |
With respect to our derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges, amounts attributable to ineffectiveness and those excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness were not material to our consolidated financial statements during the periods presented. The following tables present the effect of our derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges on our Unaudited Condensed Statements of Consolidated Operations and Unaudited Condensed Statements of Consolidated Comprehensive Income for the periods indicated:
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships |  | Change in Value Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) on Derivative (Effective Portion) |
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Commodity derivatives – Revenue (1) |  | $ | 32.6 |  |  | $ | (10.7 | )
Commodity derivatives – Operating costs and expenses (1) |  |  | (1.8 | ) |  |  | 1.5 |
Total |  | $ | 30.8 |  |  | $ | (9.2 | )
(1) The fair value of these derivative instruments will be reclassified to their respective locations on the Unaudited Condensed Statement of Consolidated Operations upon settlement of the underlying derivative transactions, as appropriate. |
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships | Location |  | Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Income (Effective Portion) |
|  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Interest rate derivatives | Interest expense |  | $ | (8.7 | ) |  | $ | (7.9 | )
Commodity derivatives | Revenue |  |  | 61.1 |  |  |  | (16.9 | )
Commodity derivatives | Operating costs and expenses |  |  | -- |  |  |  | 0.9 |
Total |  |  | $ | 52.4 |  |  | $ | (23.9 | )
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationships | Location |  | Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative (Ineffective Portion) |
|  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Commodity derivatives | Revenue |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | (0.1 | )
Commodity derivatives | Operating costs and expenses |  |  | -- |  |  |  | 0.1 |
Total |  |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | -- |
Over the next twelve months, we expect to reclassify $35.8 million of losses attributable to interest rate derivative instruments from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings as an increase in interest expense. Likewise, we expect to reclassify $39.9 million of net gains attributable to commodity derivative instruments from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings, $41.8 million as an increase in revenue and $1.9 million as an increase in operating costs and expenses. The following table presents the effect of our derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments on our Unaudited Condensed Statements of Consolidated Operations for the periods indicated:
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments | Location |  | Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivative |
|  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Commodity derivatives | Revenue |  | $ | (0.4 | ) |  | $ | (21.0 | )
Fair Value Measurements Our fair value estimates are based on either (i) actual market data or (ii) assumptions that other market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including estimates of risk, in the principal market of the asset or liability at a specified measurement date. Recognized valuation techniques employ inputs such as contractual prices, quoted market prices or rates, operating costs, discount factors and business growth rates. These inputs may be either readily observable, corroborated by market data or generally unobservable. In developing our estimates of fair value, we endeavor to utilize the best information available and apply market-based data to the highest extent possible. Accordingly, we utilize valuation techniques (such as the market approach) that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. A three-tier hierarchy has been established that classifies fair value amounts recognized in the financial statements based on the observability of inputs used to estimate such fair values. The hierarchy considers fair value amounts based on observable inputs (Levels 1 and 2) to be more reliable and predictable than those based primarily on unobservable inputs (Level 3). At each balance sheet reporting date, we categorize our financial assets and liabilities using this hierarchy. Recurring Fair Value Measurements The following tables set forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, the carrying values of our financial assets and liabilities at the dates indicated. These assets and liabilities are measured on a recurring basis and are classified based on the lowest level of input used to estimate their fair value. Our assessment of the relative significance of such inputs requires judgment.
|  | March 31, 2015 Fair Value Measurements Using |  |  |  |
|  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets and Liabilities (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  |  | Total |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity derivatives |  | $ | 19.9 |  |  | $ | 112.4 |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 132.7 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Liquidity Option Agreement |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 119.4 |  |  | $ | 119.4 |
Commodity derivatives |  |  | 10.9 |  |  |  | 94.8 |  |  |  | 2.3 |  |  |  | 108.0 |
Total |  | $ | 10.9 |  |  | $ | 94.8 |  |  | $ | 121.7 |  |  | $ | 227.4 |
|  | December 31, 2014 Fair Value Measurements Using |  |  |  |
|  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets and Liabilities (Level 1) |  |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  |  | Total |
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity derivatives |  | $ | 37.8 |  |  | $ | 187.8 |  |  | $ | 1.0 |  |  | $ | 226.6 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Liquidity Option Agreement |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 119.4 |  |  | $ | 119.4 |
Commodity derivatives |  |  | 13.8 |  |  |  | 133.0 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 147.4 |
Total |  | $ | 13.8 |  |  | $ | 133.0 |  |  | $ | 120.0 |  |  | $ | 266.8 |
The following table sets forth a reconciliation of changes in the fair values of our recurring Level 3 financial assets and liabilities on a combined basis for the periods indicated:
|  |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
| Location |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Financial asset (liability) balance, net, January 1 |  |  | $ | (119.0 | ) |  | $ | 3.2 |
Total gains (losses) included in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (1) | Revenue |  |  | (0.4 | ) |  |  | 4.6 |
Other comprehensive income | Commodity derivative instruments – changes in fair value of cash flow hedges |  |  | (1.5 | ) |  |  | -- |
Settlements | Revenue |  |  | (0.5 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | )
Transfers out of Level 3 |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | -- |
Financial asset (liability) balance, net, March 31 |  |  | $ | (121.3 | ) |  | $ | 7.7 |
(1) There were $1.0 million of unrealized losses and $4.5 million of unrealized gains included in these amounts for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. |
The following table provides quantitative information about our recurring Level 3 fair value measurements at March 31, 2015:
|  | Fair Value |  |  |  |
|  | Financial Assets |  |  | Financial Liabilities |  | Valuation Techniques | Unobservable Input | Range
Commodity derivatives – Crude oil |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |  | Discounted cash flow | Forward commodity prices | $47.63-$57.73/barrel
Commodity derivatives – Natural gasoline |  |  | -- |  |  |  | 1.5 |  | Discounted cash flow | Forward commodity prices | $1.12-$1.13/gallon
Total |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  |  |
With respect to commodity derivatives, we believe forward commodity prices are the most significant unobservable inputs in determining our Level 3 recurring fair value measurements at March 31, 2015. In general, changes in the price of the underlying commodity increases or decreases the fair value of a commodity derivative depending on whether the derivative was purchased or sold. We generally expect changes in the fair value of our derivative instruments to be offset by corresponding changes in the fair value of our hedged exposures. There were no changes in the unobservable inputs associated with the fair value of the Liquidity Option Agreement from those listed in our 2014 Form 10-K. Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements The following table summarizes our non-cash impairment charges by segment during each of the periods indicated:
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
NGL Pipelines & Services |  | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 2.6 |
Onshore Natural Gas Pipelines & Services |  |  | 20.7 |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Onshore Crude Oil Pipelines & Services |  |  | 7.8 |  |  |  | 1.0 |
Offshore Pipelines & Services |  |  | 3.6 |  |  |  | -- |
Petrochemical & Refined Products Services |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 5.0 |
Total |  | $ | 33.3 |  |  | $ | 8.8 |
These impairment charges are a component of “Operating costs and expenses” on our Unaudited Condensed Statements of Consolidated Operations. Our non-cash asset impairment charges for the three months ended March 31, 2015 primarily represent the abandonment of certain natural gas and crude oil pipeline segments in Texas. The following table summarizes our non-recurring fair value measurements for the three months ended March 31, 2015:
|  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using |  |  |
| Carrying Value at March 31, 2015 |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Total Non-Cash Impairment Loss |
Impairment of long-lived assets disposed of other than by sale |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 33.1 |
Impairment of long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | -- |  |  |  | -- |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 33.3 |
Our non-cash asset impairment charges for the three months ended March 31, 2014 primarily represent the abandonment of assets classified as property, plant and equipment. The following table summarizes our non-recurring fair value measurements for the three months ended March 31, 2014:
|  |  | Fair Value Measurements Using |  |  |
| Carrying Value at March 31, 2014 |  | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Total Non-Cash Impairment Loss |
Impairment of long-lived assets disposed of other than by sale |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | -- |  |  | $ | 3.8 |
Impairment of long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | -- |  |  |  | -- |  |  |  | 0.1 |  |  |  | 5.0 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 8.8 |
Other Fair Value Information The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash balances), accounts receivable, commercial paper notes and accounts payable approximate their fair values based on their short-term nature. The estimated total fair value of our fixed-rate debt obligations was $22.35 billion and $22.16 billion at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. The aggregate carrying value of these debt obligations was $20.23 billion and $20.48 billion at March 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. These values are based on quoted market prices for such debt or debt of similar terms and maturities (Level 2), our credit standing and the credit standing of our counterparties. Changes in market rates of interest affect the fair value of our fixed-rate debt. The carrying values of our variable-rate long-term debt obligations approximate their fair values since the associated interest rates are market-based. We do not have any long-term investments in debt or equity securities recorded at fair value.

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