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Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(☒) QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021
OR
(☐) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission File Number 1-8022
CSX CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Virginia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 62-1051971
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
500 Water Street | 15th Floor | Jacksonville | FL |  |  |  | 32202 |  | 904 | 359-3200
(Address of principal executive offices) |  |  |  | (Zip Code) |  | (Telephone number, including area code)
|  |  |  |  | No Change |  |  |  |  |
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class |  |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1 Par Value |  |  | CSX |  | Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes (X) No ( )
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes (X) No ( )
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).
Large Accelerated Filer (X) Accelerated Filer ( ) Non-accelerated Filer ( ) Smaller Reporting Company (☐) Emerging growth company (☐)
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ( )
Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes (☐) No (X)
There were 757,400,216 shares of common stock outstanding on March 31, 2021 (the latest practicable date that is closest to the filing date).
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.1

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2021
INDEX

|  |  | Page
PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |  |
Item 1. | Financial Statements |  | 3
| Consolidated Income Statements (Unaudited) - Quarters Ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020 |  | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Comprehensive Income Statements (Unaudited) - Quarters Ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020 |  | 3
| Consolidated Balance Sheets - At March 31, 2021 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2020 |  | 4
| Consolidated Cash Flow Statements (Unaudited) - Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020 |  | 5
| Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited) - Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020 |  | 6
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) |  | 7
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |  | 26
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |  | 37
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |  | 38
PART II. | OTHER INFORMATION |  |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings |  | 39
Item 1A. | Risk Factors |  | 39
Item 2. | CSX Purchases of Equity Securities |  | 39
Item 3. | Defaults upon Senior Securities |  | 39
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures |  | 39
Item 5. | Other Information |  | 39
Item 6. | Exhibits |  | 40
Signature |  |  | 41

CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.2

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

| First Quarters |  |
| 2021 | 2020 |  |  |
Revenue | $ | 2,813 |  | $ | 2,855 |  |  |  |
Expense |  |  |  |  |
Labor and Fringe | 620 |  | 606 |  |  |  |
Materials, Supplies and Other | 469 |  | 454 |  |  |  |
Depreciation | 345 |  | 344 |  |  |  |
Fuel | 190 |  | 192 |  |  |  |
Equipment and Other Rents | 88 |  | 81 |  |  |  |
Total Expense | 1,712 |  | 1,677 |  |  |  |
Operating Income | 1,101 |  | 1,178 |  |  |  |
Interest Expense | (184) |  | (187) |  |  |  |
Other Income - Net | 20 |  | 22 |  |  |  |
Earnings Before Income Taxes | 937 |  | 1,013 |  |  |  |
Income Tax Expense | (231) |  | (243) |  |  |  |
Net Earnings | $ | 706 |  | $ | 770 |  |  |  |
Per Common Share (Note 2) |  |  |  |  |
Net Earnings Per Share, Basic | $ | 0.93 |  | $ | 1.00 |  |  |  |
Net Earnings Per Share, Assuming Dilution | $ | 0.93 |  | $ | 1.00 |  |  |  |
Average Shares Outstanding (In millions) | 761 |  | 772 |  |  |  |
Average Shares Outstanding, Assuming Dilution (In millions) | 762 |  | 773 |  |  |  |

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)

| First Quarters |  |
| 2021 | 2020 |  |  |
Total Comprehensive Earnings (Note 11) | $ | 774 |  | $ | 773 |  |  |  |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.3

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions)

| (Unaudited) |
| March 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020
ASSETS
Current Assets: |  |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | $ | 2,955 |  | $ | 3,129 |
Short-term Investments | 2 |  | 2 |
Accounts Receivable - Net (Note 8) | 957 |  | 912 |
Materials and Supplies | 298 |  | 302 |
Other Current Assets | 93 |  | 96 |
Total Current Assets | 4,305 |  | 4,441 |
Properties | 45,593 |  | 45,530 |
Accumulated Depreciation | (13,190) |  | (13,086) |
Properties - Net | 32,403 |  | 32,444 |
Investment in Affiliates and Other Companies | 2,007 |  | 1,985 |
Right-of-Use Lease Asset | 467 |  | 472 |
Other Long-term Assets | 510 |  | 451 |
Total Assets | $ | 39,692 |  | $ | 39,793 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities: |  |
Accounts Payable | $ | 859 |  | $ | 809 |
Labor and Fringe Benefits Payable | 419 |  | 482 |
Casualty, Environmental and Other Reserves (Note 4) | 89 |  | 90 |
Current Maturities of Long-term Debt (Note 7) | 41 |  | 401 |
Income and Other Taxes Payable | 237 |  | 73 |
Other Current Liabilities | 155 |  | 164 |
Total Current Liabilities | 1,800 |  | 2,019 |
Casualty, Environmental and Other Reserves (Note 4) | 229 |  | 224 |
Long-term Debt (Note 7) | 16,306 |  | 16,304 |
Deferred Income Taxes - Net | 7,226 |  | 7,168 |
Long-term Lease Liability | 453 |  | 455 |
Other Long-term Liabilities | 518 |  | 513 |
Total Liabilities | 26,532 |  | 26,683 |
Shareholders' Equity: |  |
Common Stock, $1 Par Value | 757 |  | 763 |
Other Capital | 448 |  | 409 |
Retained Earnings | 12,476 |  | 12,527 |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Note 11) | (530) |  | (598) |
Non-controlling Minority Interest | 9 |  | 9 |
Total Shareholders' Equity | 13,160 |  | 13,110 |
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity | $ | 39,692 |  | $ | 39,793 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.4

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)

| Three Months
| 2021 | 2020
OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |
Net Earnings | $ | 706 |  | $ | 770 |
Adjustments to Reconcile Net Earnings to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities: |  |
Depreciation | 345 |  | 344 |
Deferred Income Taxes | 40 |  | 28 |
Gains on Property Dispositions | (3) |  | (18) |
Other Operating Activities | 28 |  | — |
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: |  |
Accounts Receivable | (64) |  | (27) |
Other Current Assets | (5) |  | (20) |
Accounts Payable | 53 |  | 14 |
Income and Other Taxes Payable | 192 |  | 227 |
Other Current Liabilities | (60) |  | (140) |
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities | 1,232 |  | 1,178 |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |
Property Additions | (306) |  | (381) |
Proceeds from Property Dispositions | — |  | 35 |
Purchases of Short-term Investments | — |  | (426) |
Proceeds from Sales of Short-term Investments | 1 |  | 936 |
Other Investing Activities | 8 |  | (20) |
Net Cash (Used In)/Provided by Investing Activities | (297) |  | 144 |
FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |
Long-term Debt Issued (Note 7) | — |  | 500 |
Long-term Debt Repaid (Note 7) | (360) |  | — |
Dividends Paid | (213) |  | (201) |
Shares Repurchased | (551) |  | (577) |
Other Financing Activities | 15 |  | (7) |
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities | (1,109) |  | (285) |
Net (Decrease)/Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents | (174) |  | 1,037 |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |  |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period | 3,129 |  | 958 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period | $ | 2,955 |  | $ | 1,995 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.5

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES
IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)

Three Months 2021 | Common Shares Outstanding (Thousands) | Common Stock and Other Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)(a) | Non-controlling Minority Interest | Total Shareholders' Equity
Balance December 31, 2020 | 762,529 |  | $ | 1,172 |  | $ | 12,527 |  | $ | (598) |  | $ | 9 |  | $ | 13,110 |
Comprehensive Earnings: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Earnings | — |  | — |  | 706 |  | — |  | — |  | 706 |
Other Comprehensive Income (Note 11) | — |  | — |  | — |  | 68 |  | — |  | 68 |
Total Comprehensive Earnings |  |  |  |  |  | 774 |
Common stock dividends, $0.28 per share | — |  | — |  | (213) |  | — |  | — |  | (213) |
Share Repurchases | (6,130) |  | (6) |  | (545) |  | — |  | — |  | (551) |
Stock Option Exercises and Other | 1,001 |  | 39 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 40 |
Balance March 31, 2021 | 757,400 |  | $ | 1,205 |  | $ | 12,476 |  | $ | (530) |  | $ | 9 |  | $ | 13,160 |

Three Months 2020 | Common Shares Outstanding (Thousands) | Common Stock and Other Capital | Retained Earnings | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)(a) | Non-controlling Minority Interest | Total Shareholders' Equity |  |  |
Balance December 31, 2019 | 773,471 |  | $ | 1,119 |  | $ | 11,404 |  | $ | (675) |  | $ | 15 |  | 11,863 |  |  |  |
Comprehensive Earnings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Earnings | — |  | — |  | 770 |  | — |  | — |  | 770 |  |  |  |
Other Comprehensive Income (Note 11) | — |  | — |  | — |  | 3 |  | — |  | 3 |  |  |  |
Total Comprehensive Earnings |  |  |  |  |  | 773 |  |  |  |
Common stock dividends, $0.26 per share | — |  | — |  | (201) |  | — |  | — |  | (201) |  |  |  |
Share Repurchases | (8,906) |  | (9) |  | (568) |  | — |  | — |  | (577) |  |  |  |
Stock Option Exercises and Other | 894 |  | 21 |  | 7 |  | — |  | 2 |  | 30 |  |  |  |
Balance March 31, 2020 | 765,459 |  | 1,131 |  | 11,412 |  | (672) |  | 17 |  | 11,888 |  |  |  |

a) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss balances shown above are net of tax. The associated taxes were $137 million and $183 million as of March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, respectively. For additional information, see Note 11, Other Comprehensive Income.
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.6

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1. Nature of Operations and Significant Accounting Policies
Background
CSX Corporation together with its subsidiaries ("CSX" or the “Company”), based in Jacksonville, Florida, is one of the nation's leading transportation companies. The Company provides rail-based transportation services including traditional rail service, the transport of intermodal containers and trailers, as well as other transportation services such as rail-to-truck transfers and bulk commodity operations.
CSX's principal operating subsidiary, CSX Transportation, Inc. (“CSXT”), provides an important link to the transportation supply chain through its approximately 19,500 route mile rail network, which serves major population centers in 23 states east of the Mississippi River, the District of Columbia and the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec. The Company's intermodal business links customers to railroads via trucks and terminals.
CSXT is also responsible for the Company's real estate sales, leasing, acquisition and management and development activities. Substantially all of these activities are focused on supporting railroad operations.
Other entities
In addition to CSXT, the Company’s subsidiaries include CSX Intermodal Terminals, Inc. (“CSX Intermodal Terminals”), Total Distribution Services, Inc. (“TDSI”), Transflo Terminal Services, Inc. (“Transflo”), CSX Technology, Inc. (“CSX Technology”) and other subsidiaries. CSX Intermodal Terminals owns and operates a system of intermodal terminals, predominantly in the eastern United States and also performs drayage services (the pickup and delivery of intermodal shipments) for certain customers. TDSI serves the automotive industry with distribution centers and storage locations. Transflo connects non-rail served customers to the many benefits of rail by transferring products from rail to trucks. The biggest Transflo markets are chemicals and agriculture, which includes shipments of plastics and ethanol. CSX Technology and other subsidiaries provide support services for the Company.
Acquisition of Pan Am Systems, Inc.
On November 30, 2020, CSX signed a definitive agreement to acquire Pan Am Systems, Inc. (“Pan Am”) and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates, which own and operate a highly integrated, nearly 1,200-mile rail network and have a partial interest in the more than 600-mile Pan Am Southern system. This acquisition, if approved, will expand CSX’s reach in Connecticut, New York and Massachusetts while adding Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine to its existing network. On February 25, 2021, the Company began the process, which can take up to a year or more, of seeking approval from the Surface Transportation Board.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.7

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1. Nature of Operations and Significant Accounting Policies, continued
Basis of Presentation
In the opinion of management, the accompanying consolidated financial statements contain all normal, recurring adjustments necessary to fairly present the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Where applicable, prior year information has been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), certain information and disclosures normally included in the notes to the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been omitted from these interim financial statements. CSX suggests that these financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes included in CSX's most recent annual report on Form 10-K and any subsequently filed current reports on Form 8-K.
Fiscal Year
The Company's fiscal periods are based upon the calendar year. Except as otherwise specified, references to “first quarter(s)” or “three months” indicate CSX's fiscal periods ending March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, and references to "year-end" indicate the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.
NOTE 2. Earnings Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic earnings per share and earnings per share, assuming dilution:

| First Quarters |  |
| 2021 | 2020 |  |  |
Numerator (Dollars in millions): |  |  |  |  |
Net Earnings | $ | 706 |  | $ | 770 |  |  |  |
Denominator (Units in millions): |  |  |  |  |
Average Common Shares Outstanding | 761 |  | 772 |  |  |  |
Other Potentially Dilutive Common Shares | 1 |  | 1 |  |  |  |
Average Common Shares Outstanding, Assuming Dilution | 762 |  | 773 |  |  |  |
Net Earnings Per Share, Basic | $ | 0.93 |  | $ | 1.00 |  |  |  |
Net Earnings Per Share, Assuming Dilution | $ | 0.93 |  | $ | 1.00 |  |  |  |

Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Earnings per share, assuming dilution, is based on the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding and common stock equivalents adjusted for the effects of common stock that may be issued as a result of potentially dilutive instruments. CSX's potentially dilutive instruments are made up of equity awards including performance units and employee stock options.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.8

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 2. Earnings Per Share, continued
When calculating diluted earnings per share, the potential shares that would be outstanding if all outstanding stock options were exercised are included. This number is different from outstanding stock options because it is offset by shares CSX could repurchase using the proceeds from these hypothetical exercises to obtain the common stock equivalent. The total average outstanding stock options that were excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation because their effect was antidilutive is in the table below.

| First Quarters |  |
| 2021 | 2020 |  |  |
Antidilutive Stock Options Excluded from Diluted EPS (Millions) | 1 | 1 |  |  |

Share Repurchases
In January 2019, the Company announced a $5 billion share repurchase program. As of March 31, 2021, approximately $339 million of authority remained under this program. On October 21, 2020, the Company announced a new, incremental $5 billion share repurchase program. Total repurchase authority remaining under both programs was $5.3 billion as of March 31, 2021. During first quarters 2021 and 2020, the Company engaged in the following repurchase activities:

| First Quarters |  |
| 2021 | 2020 |  |  |
Shares Repurchased (Millions) | 6 |  | 9 |  |  |  |
Cost of Shares (Dollars in millions) | $ | 551 |  | $ | 577 |  |  |  |

Share repurchases may be made through a variety of methods including, but not limited to, open market purchases, purchases pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans, accelerated share repurchases and negotiated block purchases. The timing of share repurchases depends upon management's assessment of marketplace conditions and other factors, and the program remains subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors. Future share repurchases are expected to be funded by cash on hand, cash generated from operations and debt issuances. Shares are retired immediately upon repurchase. In accordance with the Equity Topic in the Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"), the excess of repurchase price over par value is recorded in retained earnings.
Dividend Increase
On February 10, 2021, the Company's Board of Directors authorized an 8% increase in the quarterly cash dividend to $0.28 per common share beginning March 2021.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.9

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 3. Stock Plans and Share-Based Compensation
Under CSX's share-based compensation plans, awards consist of performance units, stock options, restricted stock units and restricted stock awards for management and stock grants for directors. Awards granted under the various programs are determined and approved by the Compensation and Talent Management Committee of the Board of Directors. Awards to the Chief Executive Officer are approved by the full Board and awards to senior executives are approved by the Compensation and Talent Management Committee. In certain circumstances, the Chief Executive Officer or delegate approves awards to management employees other than senior executives. The Board of Directors approves awards granted to CSX's non-management directors upon recommendation of the Governance and Sustainability Committee.
Share-based compensation expense for awards under share-based compensation plans and purchases made as part of the employee stock purchase plan is measured using the fair value of the award on the grant date and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period of the respective award or upon grant date to certain retirement-eligible employees whose agreements allow for continued vesting upon retirement. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur. Total pre-tax expense and income tax benefits associated with share-based compensation are shown in the table below. Income tax benefits include impacts from option exercises and the vesting of other equity awards.

| First Quarters |  |
(Dollars in millions) | 2021 | 2020 |  |  |
Share-Based Compensation Expense: |  |  |  |  |
Performance Units | $ | 18 |  | $ | 9 |  |  |  |
Stock Options | 6 |  | 10 |  |  |  |
Restricted Stock Units and Awards | 5 |  | 2 |  |  |  |
Stock Awards for Directors | 2 |  | 2 |  |  |  |
Employee Stock Purchase Plan | 1 |  | 1 |  |  |  |
Total Share-Based Compensation Expense | $ | 32 |  | $ | 24 |  |  |  |
Income Tax Benefit | $ | 9 |  | $ | 9 |  |  |  |

CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.10

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 3. Stock Plans and Share-Based Compensation, continued
Long-term Incentive Plan
In February 2021, the Company granted 189 thousand performance units to certain employees under a new long-term incentive plan ("LTIP") for the years 2021 through 2023, which was adopted under the CSX 2019 Stock and Incentive Award Plan.
Payouts of performance units for the cycle ending with fiscal year 2023 will be based on the achievement of goals related to both operating income and free cash flow, in each case excluding non-recurring items as disclosed in the Company's financial statements. The average annual operating income growth percentage and cumulative free cash flow measures over the plan period will each comprise 50% of the payout and will be measured independently of the other.
Grants were made in performance units, with each unit representing the right to receive one share of CSX common stock, and payouts will be made in CSX common stock. The payout range for participants will be between 0% and 200% of the target awards depending on Company performance against predetermined goals. Payouts for certain executive officers are subject to formulaic upward or downward adjustment by up to 25%, capped at an overall payout of 250%, based upon the Company's total shareholder return relative to specified comparable groups over the performance period. Participants will receive stock dividend equivalents declared over the performance period based on the number of performance units paid upon vesting. The fair values of the performance units awarded during the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020 were primarily calculated using a Monte-Carlo simulation model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

|  |  | Three Months
|  |  |  | 2021 | 2020
Weighted-Average Assumptions Used: |  |  |  |  |
Annual Dividend Yield |  |  |  | N/A | N/A
Risk-free Interest Rate |  |  |  | 0.2 | % | 1.4 | %
Annualized Volatility |  |  |  | 33.6 | % | 24.5 | %
Expected Life (in years) |  |  |  | 2.9 | 2.9

Stock Options
In February 2021, the Company granted approximately 610 thousand stock options along with the corresponding LTIP. The fair value of stock options was calculated using the Black-Scholes valuation model. These stock options were granted with ten-year terms and vest over three years in equal installments each year on the anniversary of the grant date. The exercise price for stock options granted equals the closing market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant. These awards are time-based and are not based upon attainment of performance goals. During first quarters 2021 and 2020, there were additional immaterial grants of stock options to certain members of management.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.11

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 3. Stock Plans and Share-Based Compensation, continued
The fair values of all stock option awards during the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020 were estimated at the grant date with the following weighted average assumptions:

| First Quarters |  |
| 2021 | 2020 |  |  |
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value | $ | 23.64 |  | $ | 18.87 |  |  |
Weighted-Average Assumptions Used: |  |  |  |  |
Annual Dividend Yield | 1.2 | % | 1.2 | % |  |  |
Risk-Free Interest Rate | 0.7 | % | 1.4 | % |  |  |
Annualized Volatility | 31.2 | % | 26.0 | % |  |  |
Expected Life (in years) | 6.0 | 6.0 |  |  |
Other Pricing Model Inputs: |  |  |  |  |
Weighted-Average Grant Date Market Price of CSX Stock (strike price) | $ | 88.46 |  | $ | 79.48 |  |  |

Restricted Stock Units
In February 2021, the Company granted 163 thousand restricted stock units along with the corresponding LTIP. The restricted stock units vest three years after the date of grant. Participants will receive stock dividend equivalents on the vested shares upon vesting. These awards are time-based and are not based upon CSX's attainment of operational targets. Restricted stock units are paid out in CSX common stock on a one-for-one basis. For information related to the Company's other outstanding long-term incentive compensation, see CSX's most recent annual report on Form 10-K.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In May 2018, shareholders approved the 2018 CSX Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) for the benefit of Company employees. The Company registered 4 million shares of common stock that may be issued pursuant to this plan. Under the ESPP, employees may contribute between 1% and 10% of base compensation, after-tax, to purchase up to $25,000 of market value CSX common stock per year at 85% of the closing market price on either the grant date or the last day of the six-month offering period, whichever is lower. During the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, the Company issued the following shares under this program:

| First Quarters |  |
| 2021 | 2020 |  |  |
Shares issued (in thousands) | 132 |  | 122 |  |  |  |
Weighted average purchase price per share | $ | 58.00 |  | $ | 61.51 |  |  |  |

CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.12

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 4. Casualty, Environmental and Other Reserves
Personal injury and environmental reserves are considered critical accounting estimates due to the need for management judgment. Casualty, environmental and other reserves are provided for in the consolidated balance sheets as shown in the table below.

| March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
(Dollars in millions) | Current | Long-term | Total |  | Current | Long-term | Total
Casualty: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Personal Injury | $ | 38 |  | $ | 99 |  | $ | 137 |  |  | $ | 38 |  | $ | 93 |  | $ | 131 |
Occupational | 11 |  | 52 |  | 63 |  |  | 11 |  | 54 |  | 65 |
Total Casualty | 49 |  | 151 |  | 200 |  |  | 49 |  | 147 |  | 196 |
Environmental | 23 |  | 54 |  | 77 |  |  | 23 |  | 53 |  | 76 |
Other | 17 |  | 24 |  | 41 |  |  | 18 |  | 24 |  | 42 |
Total | $ | 89 |  | $ | 229 |  | $ | 318 |  |  | $ | 90 |  | $ | 224 |  | $ | 314 |

These liabilities are accrued when probable and reasonably estimable in accordance with the Contingencies Topic in the ASC. Actual settlements and claims received could differ, and final outcomes of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty. Considering the legal defenses currently available, the liabilities that have been recorded and other factors, it is the opinion of management that none of these items individually, when finally resolved, will have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Should a number of these items occur in the same period, however, their combined effect could be material in that particular period.
Casualty
Casualty reserves of $200 million and $196 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, represent accruals for personal injury, occupational disease and occupational injury claims. The Company's self-insured retention amount for these claims is $75 million per occurrence. Currently, no individual claim is expected to exceed the self-insured retention amount. In accordance with the Contingencies Topic in the ASC, to the extent the value of an individual claim exceeds the self-insured retention amount, the Company would present the liability on a gross basis with a corresponding receivable for insurance recoveries. These reserves fluctuate based upon the timing of payments as well as changes in estimate. Actual results may vary from estimates due to the number, type and severity of the injury, costs of medical treatments and uncertainties in litigation. Most of the Company's casualty claims relate to CSXT. Defense and processing costs, which historically have been insignificant and are anticipated to be insignificant in the future, are not included in the recorded liabilities.
Personal Injury
Personal injury reserves represent liabilities for employee work-related and third-party injuries. Work-related injuries for CSXT employees are primarily subject to the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (“FELA”). CSXT retains an independent actuary to assist management in assessing the value of personal injury claims. An analysis is performed by the actuary quarterly and is reviewed by management. This analysis did not result in a material adjustment to the personal injury reserve in the quarter ended March 31, 2021 or March 31, 2020. The methodology used by the actuary includes a development factor to reflect growth or reduction in the value of these personal injury claims based largely on CSXT's historical claims and settlement experience.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.13

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 4. Casualty, Environmental and Other Reserves, continued
Occupational
Occupational reserves represent liabilities arising from allegations of exposure to certain materials in the workplace (such as solvents, soaps, chemicals and diesel fumes), past exposure to asbestos or allegations of chronic physical injuries resulting from work conditions (such as repetitive stress injuries). Beginning in second quarter 2020, the Company retains an independent actuary to analyze the Company’s historical claim filings, settlement amounts, and dismissal rates to assist in determining future anticipated claim filing rates and average settlement values. This analysis is performed by the actuary and reviewed by management quarterly. Previously, the quarterly analysis was performed by management. There were no material adjustments to the occupational reserve in the quarter ended March 31, 2021 or March 31, 2020.
Environmental
Environmental reserves were $77 million and $76 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company is a party to various proceedings related to environmental issues, including administrative and judicial proceedings involving private parties and regulatory agencies. The Company has been identified as a potentially responsible party at approximately 220 environmentally impaired sites. Many of these are, or may be, subject to remedial action under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 ("CERCLA"), also known as the Superfund Law, or similar state statutes. Most of these proceedings arose from environmental conditions on properties used for ongoing or discontinued railroad operations. A number of these proceedings, however, are based on allegations that the Company, or its predecessors, sent hazardous substances to facilities owned or operated by others for treatment, recycling or disposal. In addition, some of the Company's land holdings were leased to others for commercial or industrial uses that may have resulted in releases of hazardous substances or other regulated materials onto the property and could give rise to proceedings against the Company.
In any such proceedings, the Company is subject to environmental clean-up and enforcement actions under the Superfund Law, as well as similar state laws that may impose joint and several liability for clean-up and enforcement costs on current and former owners and operators of a site without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct. These costs could be substantial.
In accordance with the Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations Topic in the ASC, the Company reviews its role with respect to each site identified at least quarterly, giving consideration to a number of factors such as:
•type of clean-up required;
•nature of the Company's alleged connection to the location (e.g., generator of waste sent to the site or owner or operator of the site);
•extent of the Company's alleged connection (e.g., volume of waste sent to the location and other relevant factors); and
•number, connection and financial viability of other named and unnamed potentially responsible parties at the location.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.14

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 4. Casualty, Environmental and Other Reserves, continued
Based on management's review process, amounts have been recorded to cover contingent anticipated future environmental remediation costs with respect to each site to the extent such costs are reasonably estimable and probable. The recorded liabilities for estimated future environmental costs are undiscounted. The liability includes future costs for remediation and restoration of sites as well as any significant ongoing monitoring costs, but excludes any anticipated insurance recoveries. Payments related to these liabilities are expected to be made over the next several years. Environmental remediation costs are included in materials, supplies and other on the consolidated income statements.
Currently, the Company does not possess sufficient information to reasonably estimate the amounts of additional liabilities, if any, on some sites until completion of future environmental studies. In addition, conditions that are currently unknown could, at any given location, result in additional exposure, the amount and materiality of which cannot presently be reasonably estimated. Based upon information currently available, however, the Company believes its environmental reserves accurately reflect the estimated cost of remedial actions currently required.
Other
Other reserves were $41 million and $42 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. These reserves include liabilities for various claims, such as property, automobile and general liability. Also included in other reserves are longshoremen disability claims related to a previously owned international shipping business (these claims are in runoff) as well as claims for current port employees.
NOTE 5. Commitments and Contingencies
Insurance
The Company maintains insurance programs with substantial limits for property damage, including resulting business interruption, and third-party liability. A certain amount of risk is retained by the Company on each insurance program. Under its property insurance program, the Company retains all risk up to $100 million per occurrence for losses from floods and named windstorms and $75 million per occurrence for other property losses. For third-party liability claims, the Company retains all risk up to $75 million per occurrence. As CSX negotiates insurance coverage above its full self-retention amounts, it retains a percentage of risk at various layers of coverage. While the Company believes its insurance coverage is adequate, future claims could exceed existing insurance coverage or insurance may not continue to be available at commercially reasonable rates.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.15

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 5. Commitments and Contingencies, continued
Legal
The Company is involved in litigation incidental to its business and is a party to a number of legal actions and claims, various governmental proceedings and private civil lawsuits, including, but not limited to, those related to fuel surcharge practices, tax matters, environmental and hazardous material exposure matters, FELA and labor claims by current or former employees, other personal injury or property claims and disputes and complaints involving certain transportation rates and charges. Some of the legal proceedings include claims for compensatory as well as punitive damages and others are, or are purported to be, class actions. While the final outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, considering, among other things, the legal defenses available and liabilities that have been recorded along with applicable insurance, it is currently the opinion of management that none of these pending items is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. An unexpected adverse resolution of one or more of these items, however, could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or liquidity in that particular period.
The Company is able to estimate a range of possible loss for certain legal proceedings for which a loss is reasonably possible in excess of reserves established. The Company has estimated this range to be $1 million to $20 million in aggregate at March 31, 2021. This estimated aggregate range is based upon currently available information and is subject to significant judgment and a variety of assumptions. Accordingly, the Company's estimate will change from time to time, and actual losses may vary significantly from the current estimate.
Fuel Surcharge Antitrust Litigation
In May 2007, class action lawsuits were filed against CSXT and three other U.S.-based Class I railroads alleging that the defendants' fuel surcharge practices relating to contract and unregulated traffic resulted from an illegal conspiracy in violation of antitrust laws. The class action lawsuits were consolidated into one case in federal court in the District of Columbia. In 2017, the District Court issued its decision denying class certification. On August 16, 2019, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit affirmed the District Court’s ruling.
The consolidated case is now moving forward without class certification. Although a class was not certified, shippers other than those who brought the original lawsuit in 2007 must decide whether to bring their own individual claim against one or more railroads. Individual shipper claims filed to date have been consolidated into a separate case.
CSXT believes that its fuel surcharge practices were arrived at and applied lawfully and that the case is without merit. Accordingly, the Company intends to defend itself vigorously. However, penalties for violating antitrust laws can be severe, and resolution of these matters individually or when aggregated could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or liquidity in that particular period.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.16

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 5. Commitments and Contingencies, continued
Environmental
CSXT is indemnifying Pharmacia LLC, formerly known as Monsanto Company, ("Pharmacia") for certain liabilities associated with real estate located in Kearny, New Jersey along the Lower Passaic River (the “Property”). The Property, which was formerly owned by Pharmacia, is now owned by CSXT. CSXT's indemnification and defense duties arise with respect to several matters. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA"), using its CERCLA authority, seeks the investigation and cleanup of hazardous substances in the 17-mile Lower Passaic River Study Area (the "Study Area”). CSXT, on behalf of Pharmacia, and a significant number of other potentially responsible parties are together conducting a Remedial Investigation and Feasibility Study of the Study Area pursuant to an Administrative Settlement Agreement and Order on Consent with the EPA. Pharmacia’s share of responsibility, indemnified by CSXT, for the investigation and cleanup costs of the Study Area may be determined through various mechanisms including (a) an allocation and settlement with EPA; (b) litigation brought by EPA against non-settling parties; or (c) litigation among the responsible parties.
In March 2016, EPA issued its Record of Decision detailing the agency’s mandated remedial process for the lower 8 miles of the Study Area. Approximately 80 parties, including Pharmacia, are participating in an EPA-directed allocation and settlement process to assign responsibility for the remedy selected for the lower 8 miles of the Study Area. CSXT is participating in the EPA-directed allocation and settlement process on behalf of Pharmacia. At a later date, EPA will select a remedy for the remainder of the Study Area and is expected to again seek the participation of private parties to implement the selected remedy using EPA’s CERCLA authority to compel such participation, if necessary.
CSXT is also defending and indemnifying Pharmacia with regard to the Property in litigation filed by Occidental Chemical Corporation ("Occidental"), which is seeking to recover various costs. These costs include costs for the remedial design of the lower 8 miles of the Study Area, as well as anticipated costs associated with the future remediation of the lower 8 miles of the Study Area and potentially the entire Study Area. Alternatively, Occidental seeks to compel some, or all of the defendants to participate in the remediation of the Study Area. Pharmacia is one of approximately 110 defendants in this federal lawsuit filed by Occidental on June 30, 2018.
CSXT is also defending and indemnifying Pharmacia in a cooperative natural resource damages assessment process related to the Property. Based on currently available information, the Company does not believe any indemnification or remediation costs potentially allocable to CSXT with respect to the Property and the Study Area would be material to the Company's financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.17

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 6. Employee Benefit Plans
The Company sponsors defined benefit pension plans principally for salaried, management personnel. Beginning in 2020, the CSX Pension Plan was closed to new participants.
CSX also sponsors a post-retirement medical plan and a life insurance plan that provide certain benefits to eligible employees hired prior to January 1, 2003. Beginning in 2019, both the life insurance benefit and health savings account contributions made by the Company to eligible retirees younger than 65 were eliminated for those retiring on or after January 1, 2019. Beginning in 2020, the employer-funded health reimbursement arrangements and life insurance benefit for eligible retirees 65 years or older were eliminated. Independent actuaries compute the amounts of liabilities and expenses relating to these plans subject to the assumptions that the Company determines are appropriate based on historical trends, current market rates and future projections. These amounts are reviewed by management.
Only the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs is included in labor and fringe expense on the consolidated income statement. All other components of net periodic benefit cost are included in other income - net.

| Pension Benefits Cost
| First Quarters |  |
(Dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Service Cost Included in Labor and Fringe | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  |  |  |
Interest Cost | 14 |  |  | 20 |  |  |  |  |
Expected Return on Plan Assets | (46) |  |  | (43) |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of Net Loss | 18 |  |  | 14 |  |  |  |  |
Total Included in Other Income - Net | (14) |  |  | (9) |  |  |  |  |
Net Periodic Benefit (Credit)/Cost | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  |  |  |
| Other Post-retirement Benefits Cost
| First Quarters |  |
(Dollars in millions) | 2021 |  | 2020 |  |  |  |
Service Cost Included in Labor and Fringe | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |
Interest Cost | — |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of Prior Service Credits | (1) |  |  | (2) |  |  |  |  |
Total Included in Other Income - Net | (1) |  |  | (1) |  |  |  |  |
Net Periodic Benefit Credit | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | (1) |  |  |  |  |

Qualified pension plan obligations are funded in accordance with regulatory requirements and with an objective of meeting or exceeding minimum funding requirements necessary to avoid restrictions on flexibility of plan operation and benefit payments. No contributions to the Company's qualified pension plans are expected in 2021.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.18

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 7. Debt and Credit Agreements
Total activity related to long-term debt as of the end of first quarter 2021 is shown in the table below. For fair value information related to the Company's long-term debt, see Note 10, Fair Value Measurements.

(Dollars in millions) | Current Portion | Long-term Portion | Total
Long-term Debt as of December 31, 2020 | $ | 401 |  | $ | 16,304 |  | $ | 16,705 |
2021 Activity: |  |  |
Long-term Debt Repaid | (360) |  | — |  | (360) |
Discount, Premium and Other Activity | — |  | 2 |  | 2 |
Long-term Debt as of March 31, 2021 | $ | 41 |  | $ | 16,306 |  | $ | 16,347 |

Interest Rate Derivatives
On both April 29, 2020, and July 9, 2020, the Company executed a forward starting interest rate swap with a notional value of $250 million for an aggregate notional value of $500 million. These swaps were effected to hedge the benchmark interest rate associated with future interest payments related to the anticipated refinancing of $850 million of 3.25% notes due in 2027. In accordance with the Derivatives and Hedging Topic in the ASC, the Company has designated these swaps as cash flow hedges. As of March 31, 2021, the asset value of the forward starting interest rate swaps was $153 million and was recorded in other long-term assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
Unrealized gains or losses associated with changes in the fair value of the hedge are recorded net of tax in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) on the consolidated balance sheet. Unless settled early, the swaps will expire in 2027 and the unrealized gain or loss in AOCI will be recognized in earnings as an adjustment to interest expense over the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Unrealized gains, recorded net of tax in other comprehensive income, related to the hedge were $56 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021.
Credit Facility
CSX has a $1.2 billion unsecured, revolving credit facility backed by a diverse syndicate of banks. This facility allows same-day borrowings at floating interest rates, based on LIBOR or an agreed-upon replacement, plus a spread that depends upon CSX's senior unsecured debt ratings. LIBOR is the London Interbank Offered Rate which is a daily reference rate based on the interest rates at which banks offer to lend unsecured funds. This facility expires in March 2024, and at March 31, 2021, the Company had no outstanding balances under this facility.
Commitment fees and interest rates payable under the facility were similar to fees and rates available to comparably rated investment-grade borrowers. As of first quarter 2021, CSX was in compliance with all covenant requirements under this facility.
Commercial Paper
Under its commercial paper program, which is backed by the revolving credit facility, the Company may issue unsecured commercial paper notes up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $1.0 billion outstanding at any one time. Proceeds from issuances of the notes are expected to be used for general corporate purposes. At March 31, 2021, the Company had no outstanding debt under the commercial paper program.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.19

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 8. Revenues
The Company’s revenues are primarily derived from the transportation of freight as performance obligations that arise from its contracts with customers are satisfied. The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by market as this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors:

| First Quarters |  |
(Dollars in millions) | 2021 | 2020 |  |  |
Chemicals | $ | 580 |  | $ | 626 |  |  |  |
Agricultural and Food Products | 349 |  | 365 |  |  |  |
Automotive | 236 |  | 281 |  |  |  |
Forest Products(a) | 220 |  | 219 |  |  |  |
Metals and Equipment | 186 |  | 199 |  |  |  |
Minerals | 125 |  | 127 |  |  |  |
Fertilizers(a) | 122 |  | 110 |  |  |  |
Total Merchandise | 1,818 |  | 1,927 |  |  |  |
Intermodal | 468 |  | 422 |  |  |  |
Coal | 384 |  | 405 |  |  |  |
Other | 143 |  | 101 |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 2,813 |  | $ | 2,855 |  |  |  |

(a) In first quarter 2021, changes were made in the categorization of certain lines of business, impacting Forest Products and Fertilizers. The impacts were not material and prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.
Revenue Recognition
The Company generates revenue from freight billings under contracts with customers generally on a rate per carload, container or ton-basis based on length of haul and commodities carried. The Company’s performance obligation arises when it receives a bill of lading (“BOL”) to transport a customer's commodities at a negotiated price contained in a transportation services agreement or a publicly disclosed tariff rate. Once a BOL is received, a contract is formed whereby the parties are committed to perform, collectability of consideration is probable and the rights of the parties, shipping terms and conditions, and payment terms are identified. A customer may submit several BOLs for transportation services at various times throughout a service agreement term but each shipment represents a distinct service that is a separately identified performance obligation.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.20

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 8. Revenues, continued
The average transit time to complete a shipment is between 2 to 8 days depending on market. Payments for transportation services are normally billed once a BOL is received and are generally due within 15 days after the invoice date. The Company recognizes revenue over transit time of freight as it moves from origin to destination. Revenue for services started but not completed at the reporting date is allocated based on the relative transit time in each reporting period, with the portion allocated for services subsequent to the reporting date considered remaining performance obligations.
The certain key estimates included in the recognition and measurement of revenue and related accounts receivable are as follows:
•Revenue associated with shipments in transit is recognized ratably over transit time and is based on average cycle times to move commodities and products from their origin to their final destination or interchange;
•Adjustments to revenue for billing corrections and billing discounts;
•Adjustments to revenue for overcharge claims filed by customers, which are based on historical payments to customers for rate overcharges as a percentage of total billing; and
•Incentive-based refunds to customers, which are primarily volume-related, are recorded as a reduction to revenue on the basis of the projected liability (this estimate is based on historical activity, current volume levels and forecasted future volume).
Revenue related to interline transportation services that involve the services of another party, such as another railroad, is reported on a net basis. The portion of the gross amount billed to customers that is remitted by the Company to another party is not reflected as revenue.
Other revenue is comprised of revenue from regional subsidiary railroads and incidental charges, including demurrage and switching. It is recorded upon completion of the service and accounts for an immaterial percentage of the Company's total revenue. Revenue from regional subsidiary railroads includes shipments by railroads that the Company does not directly operate. Demurrage represents charges assessed when freight cars are held by a customer beyond a specified period of time. Switching represents charges assessed when a railroad switches cars for a customer or another railroad.
During the first quarters 2021 and 2020, revenue recognized from performance obligations related to prior periods (for example, due to changes in transaction price) was not material.
Remaining Performance Obligations
Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price allocated to future reporting periods for freight services started but not completed at the reporting date. This includes the unearned portion of billed and unbilled amounts for cancellable freight shipments in transit. The Company expects to recognize the unearned portion of revenue for freight services in transit within one week of the reporting date. As of March 31, 2021, remaining performance obligations were not material.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.21

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 8. Revenues, continued
Contract Balances and Accounts Receivable
The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in accounts receivable and customer advances and deposits (contract liabilities) on the consolidated balance sheets. Contract assets, contract liabilities and deferred contract costs recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2021, were not material.
The Company’s accounts receivable - net consists of freight and non-freight receivables, reduced by an allowance for credit losses.

(Dollars in millions) | March 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020
Freight Receivables | $ | 786 |  | $ | 716 |
Freight Allowance for Credit Losses | (16) |  | (16) |
Freight Receivables, net | 770 |  | 700 |
Non-Freight Receivables | 199 |  | 224 |
Non-Freight Allowance for Credit Losses | (12) |  | (12) |
Non-Freight Receivables, net | 187 |  | 212 |
Total Accounts Receivable, net | $ | 957 |  | $ | 912 |

Freight receivables include amounts earned, billed and unbilled, and currently due from customers for transportation-related services. Non-freight receivables include amounts billed and unbilled and currently due related to government reimbursement receivables and other non-revenue receivables. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses to provide for the estimated amount of receivables that will not be collected. The allowance is based upon an assessment of risk characteristics, historical payment experience, and the age of outstanding receivables adjusted for forward-looking economic conditions as necessary. Credit losses recognized on the Company’s accounts receivable were not material in the first quarters 2021 and 2020.
NOTE 9. Income Taxes
There have been no material changes to the balance of unrecognized tax benefits reported at December 31, 2020.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.22

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 10. Fair Value Measurements
The Financial Instruments Topic in the ASC requires disclosures about fair value of financial instruments in annual reports as well as in quarterly reports. For CSX, this statement applies to certain investments, long-term debt and interest rate derivatives. Disclosure of the fair value of pension plan assets is only required annually. Also, this rule clarifies the definition of fair value for financial reporting, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires additional disclosures about the use of fair value measurements.
Various inputs are considered when determining the value of the Company's investments, pension plan assets, long-term debt and interest rate derivatives. The inputs or methodologies used for valuing securities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in these securities. These inputs are summarized in the three broad levels listed below.
•Level 1 - observable market inputs that are unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;
•Level 2 - other significant observable inputs (including quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, credit risk, etc.); and
•Level 3 - significant unobservable inputs (including the Company's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in determining the fair value of investments).
The valuation methods described below may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.
Investments
The Company's investment assets, valued with assistance from a third-party trustee, consist of certificates of deposits, commercial paper, corporate bonds and government securities and are carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet per the Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic in the ASC. There are several valuation methodologies used for those assets as described below.
•Commercial Paper and Certificates of Deposit (Level 2): Valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value; and
•Corporate Bonds and Government Securities (Level 2): Valued using broker quotes that utilize observable market inputs.
The Company's investment assets are carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets as summarized in the following table. All of the inputs used to determine the fair value of the Company's investments are Level 2 inputs.

(Dollars in Millions) | March 31, 2021 | December 31, 2020
Corporate Bonds | $ | 65 |  | $ | 68 |
Government Securities | 30 |  | 33 |
Total investments at fair value | $ | 95 |  | $ | 101 |
Total investments at amortized cost | $ | 87 |  | $ | 89 |

CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.23

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 10. Fair Value Measurements, continued
These investments have the following maturities:

(Dollars in millions) | March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Less than 1 year | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 2 |
1 - 5 years | 23 |  |  | 22 |
5 - 10 years | 20 |  |  | 23 |
Greater than 10 years | 50 |  |  | 54 |
Total investments at fair value | $ | 95 |  |  | $ | 101 |

Long-term Debt
Long-term debt is reported at carrying amount on the consolidated balance sheets and is the Company's only financial instrument with fair values significantly different from their carrying amounts. The majority of the Company's long-term debt is valued with assistance from a third party that utilizes closing transactions, market quotes or market values of comparable debt. For those instruments not valued by the third party, the fair value has been estimated by applying market rates of similar instruments to the scheduled contractual debt payments and maturities. These market rates are provided by the same third party. All of the inputs used to determine the fair value of the Company's long-term debt are Level 2 inputs.
The fair value of outstanding debt fluctuates with changes in a number of factors. Such factors include, but are not limited to, interest rates, market conditions, credit ratings, values of similar financial instruments, size of the transaction, cash flow projections and comparable trades. Fair value will exceed carrying value when the current market interest rate is lower than the interest rate at which the debt was originally issued. The fair value of a company's debt is a measure of its current value under present market conditions. It does not impact the financial statements under current accounting rules. The fair value and carrying value of the Company's long-term debt is as follows:

(Dollars in millions) | March 31, 2021 |  | December 31, 2020
Long-term Debt (Including Current Maturities): |  |  |
Fair Value | $ | 18,765 |  |  | $ | 21,076 |
Carrying Value | 16,347 |  |  | 16,705 |

Interest Rate Derivatives
The Company’s forward starting interest rate swaps are carried at fair value and valued with assistance from a third party based upon pricing models using inputs observed from actively quoted markets. All of the inputs used to determine the fair value of the swaps are Level 2 inputs. The fair value of the Company’s forward starting interest rate swap asset was $153 million at March 31, 2021. See Note 7, Debt and Credit Agreements for further information.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.24

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CSX CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 11. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
CSX reports comprehensive earnings or loss in accordance with the Comprehensive Income Topic in the ASC in the Consolidated Comprehensive Income Statement. Total comprehensive earnings are defined as all changes in shareholders' equity during a period, other than those resulting from investments by and distributions to shareholders (e.g. issuance of equity securities and dividends). Generally, for CSX, total comprehensive earnings equal net earnings plus or minus adjustments for pension and other post-retirement liabilities as well as other adjustments. Total comprehensive earnings represent the activity for a period net of tax and were $774 million and $773 million for first quarters 2021 and 2020, respectively.
While total comprehensive earnings is the activity in a period and is largely driven by net earnings in that period, accumulated other comprehensive income or loss (“AOCI”) represents the cumulative balance of other comprehensive income, net of tax, as of the balance sheet date. For CSX, AOCI is primarily the cumulative balance related to pension and other post-retirement benefit adjustments, interest rate derivatives and CSX's share of AOCI of equity method investees.
Changes in the AOCI balance by component are shown in the following table. Amounts reclassified in pension and other post-employment benefits to net earnings relate to the amortization of actuarial losses and are included in other income - net on the consolidated income statements. See Note 6, Employee Benefit Plans, for further information. Interest rate derivatives consist of forward starting interest rate swaps classified as cash flow hedges. See Note 7, Debt and Credit Agreements for further information. Other primarily represents CSX's share of AOCI of equity method investees. Amounts reclassified in other to net earnings are included in materials, supplies and other or equipment and other rents on the consolidated income statements.

| Pension and Other Post-Employment Benefits | Interest Rate Derivatives | Other | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(Dollars in millions) |  |  |  |
Balance December 31, 2020, Net of Tax | $ | (598) |  | $ | 62 |  | $ | (62) |  | $ | (598) |
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  |  |
Income Before Reclassifications | — |  | 73 |  | — |  | 73 |
Amounts Reclassified to Net Earnings | 17 |  | — |  | (3) |  | 14 |
Tax (Expense) Benefit | (3) |  | (17) |  | 1 |  | (19) |
Total Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | 14 |  | 56 |  | (2) |  | 68 |
Balance March 31, 2021, Net of Tax | $ | (584) |  | $ | 118 |  | $ | (64) |  | $ | (530) |

NOTE 12. Subsequent Event
On March 26, 2021, the Company entered into a comprehensive rail agreement to sell certain interests in three CSX-owned line segments to the Commonwealth of Virginia (“Commonwealth”) over three phases for a total of $525 million. On April 14, 2021, in the first phase of the transaction, the Company closed on the conveyance of a permanent land easement for passenger rail operations. In second quarter 2021, the gain on this sale will be recognized in materials, supplies and other on the consolidated income statement. The Company anticipates closing on the remaining conveyances over the next two years. Funding for a portion of the transaction price remains subject to approval by the Virginia General Assembly and the Commonwealth. As of March 31, 2021, the carrying values of the assets subject to this transaction were not material.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.25

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
FIRST QUARTER 2021 HIGHLIGHTS
•Revenue decreased $42 million, or 1% year over year.
•Expenses increased $35 million, or 2% year over year.
•Operating income of $1.1 billion decreased $77 million, or 7% year over year.
•Operating ratio of 60.9% increased 220 basis points versus last year's quarter.
•Earnings per diluted share of $0.93 decreased $0.07, or 7% year over year.

| First Quarters |  |
| 2021 | 2020 | Fav / (Unfav) | % Change |  |  |  |  |
Volume (in thousands) | 1,529 |  | 1,514 |  | 15 |  | 1% |  |  |  |  |
(in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue | $ | 2,813 |  | $ | 2,855 |  | $ | (42) |  | (1) |  |  |  |  |
Expense | 1,712 |  | 1,677 |  | (35) |  | (2) |  |  |  |  |
Operating Income | $ | 1,101 |  | $ | 1,178 |  | $ | (77) |  | (7)% |  |  |  |  |
Operating Ratio | 60.9 | % | 58.7 | % | (220) |  | bps |  |  |  |  |
Earnings Per Diluted Share | $ | 0.93 |  | $ | 1.00 |  | $ | (0.07) |  | (7)% |  |  |  |  |

Demand for rail services has improved from steep declines in the first half of 2020, but the effects of the disruption of global manufacturing, supply chains and consumer spending as a result of the COVID-19 global pandemic are ongoing. As this continues to be a dynamic situation, it is difficult to determine the lasting impacts of the pandemic, including the extent of its impact on the Company’s financial and operating results. The full implications of COVID-19 will be determined by the length of time that the pandemic continues, its effect on the demand for the Company’s transportation services and the supply chain, as well as the effect of governmental regulations imposed and legislative stimulus packages passed in response to the pandemic. The duration of the pandemic is dependent on several factors, including the timing of vaccine production and distribution as well as the impacts of virus mutations and case resurgences across the country.
CSX employees that provide efficient and reliable rail service are essential to keeping supply chains fluid in response to this challenge. Accordingly, business operations have been modified to ensure the safety of employees across the network while continuing to provide a high level of service to customers. A cross-functional task force monitors and coordinates the Company’s response to COVID-19. Policies and procedures established to protect the health and safety of employees and customers and to safeguard CSX operations include rigorous cleaning regimens for equipment and facilities, provision of sanitation supplies, distribution of disposable face coverings, facilitation of social distancing measures and administration of temperature testing at certain facilities. These precautions remain in place despite the easing of pandemic restrictions by state and local governments across the network.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.26

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Volume and Revenue (Unaudited)
Volume (Thousands of units); Revenue (Dollars in Millions); Revenue Per Unit (Dollars)
First Quarters
| Volume |  | Revenue |  | Revenue Per Unit
| 2021 |  | 2020 |  | % Change |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | % Change |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | % Change
Chemicals | 163 |  |  | 178 |  |  | (8) | % |  | $ | 580 |  |  | $ | 626 |  |  | (7) | % |  | $ | 3,558 |  |  | $ | 3,517 |  |  | 1 | %
Agricultural and Food Products | 116 |  |  | 121 |  |  | (4) |  |  | 349 |  |  | 365 |  |  | (4) |  |  | 3,009 |  |  | 3,017 |  |  | — |
Automotive | 87 |  |  | 104 |  |  | (16) |  |  | 236 |  |  | 281 |  |  | (16) |  |  | 2,713 |  |  | 2,702 |  |  | — |
Forest Products(a) | 73 |  |  | 73 |  |  | — |  |  | 220 |  |  | 219 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,014 |  |  | 3,000 |  |  | — |
Metals and Equipment | 68 |  |  | 67 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 186 |  |  | 199 |  |  | (7) |  |  | 2,735 |  |  | 2,970 |  |  | (8) |
Minerals | 67 |  |  | 74 |  |  | (9) |  |  | 125 |  |  | 127 |  |  | (2) |  |  | 1,866 |  |  | 1,716 |  |  | 9 |
Fertilizers(a) | 57 |  |  | 56 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 122 |  |  | 110 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 2,140 |  |  | 1,964 |  |  | 9 |
Total Merchandise | 631 |  |  | 673 |  |  | (6) |  |  | 1,818 |  |  | 1,927 |  |  | (6) |  |  | 2,881 |  |  | 2,863 |  |  | 1 |
Intermodal | 726 |  |  | 660 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 468 |  |  | 422 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 645 |  |  | 639 |  |  | 1 |
Coal | 172 |  |  | 181 |  |  | (5) |  |  | 384 |  |  | 405 |  |  | (5) |  |  | 2,233 |  |  | 2,238 |  |  | — |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 143 |  |  | 101 |  |  | 42 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | 1,529 |  |  | 1,514 |  |  | 1 | % |  | $ | 2,813 |  |  | $ | 2,855 |  |  | (1) | % |  | $ | 1,840 |  |  | $ | 1,886 |  |  | (2) | %

(a) In first quarter 2021, changes were made in the categorization of certain lines of business, impacting Forest Products and Fertilizers. The impacts were not material and prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.27

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
First Quarter 2021
Revenue
Total revenue decreased 1% in first quarter 2021 when compared to first quarter 2020 due to lower merchandise volume and decreases in fuel recovery that were partially offset by increases in other revenue, higher intermodal volume and pricing gains. Volume was unfavorably impacted by challenging weather conditions in first quarter 2021.
Merchandise Volume
Chemicals - Decreased primarily due to lower shipments within the energy-related markets, specifically crude oil and frac sand, partially offset by higher shipments of plastics.
Agricultural and Food Products - Decreased as a result of lower shipments of ethanol, food and consumer products, and domestic grain.
Automotive - Declined primarily due to lower North American vehicle production, including the impact of increased plant downtime as a result of materials shortages.
Forest Products - Increased shipments of building products and pulpboard were offset by declines in printing paper.
Metals and Equipment - Increased due to higher steel shipments, mostly offset by reduced equipment shipments.
Minerals - Decreased as a result of lower shipments of aggregates, partially offset by higher shipments of limestone and salt.
Fertilizers - Increased due to higher long-haul fertilizer shipments, partially offset by lower short-haul phosphate shipments.
Intermodal Volume
Increases in both domestic and international shipments resulted from tight truck capacity, inventory replenishments and growth in rail volumes from east coast ports.
Coal Volume
The decline in export coal was primarily driven by reduced international shipments of thermal coal. Domestic coal increased as higher shipments of utility coal were partially offset by lower steel and industrial shipments.
Other Revenue
Other revenue increased $42 million versus prior year due to increases in revenue for storage at intermodal facilities and higher payments from customers that did not meet volume commitments.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.28

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Expenses
Expenses of $1.7 billion increased $35 million, or 2% in first quarter 2021 when compared to first quarter 2020.
Labor and Fringe expense increased $14 million due to the following:
•Total incentive compensation increased $29 million primarily due to higher expected annual incentive award payouts.
•Other costs increased $14 million primarily due to inflation.
•Partially offsetting these increases, savings of $29 million were primarily attributable to efficiencies from changes to the train plan that resulted in reduced crew starts and lower headcount across operating departments.
Materials, Supplies and Other expense increased $15 million due to the following:
•Gains from real estate sales of $3 million in 2021 were lower than gains of $18 million in 2020.
•Other costs increased $12 million primarily driven by inflation and other non-significant items.
•Partially offsetting these increases, savings of $12 million primarily resulted from increased efficiency within asset maintenance and operating support functions, despite challenging weather.
Depreciation expense increased $1 million primarily due to a larger asset base, partially offset by the impacts of the 2020 road and track depreciation study.
Fuel expense decreased $2 million primarily resulting from record first quarter fuel efficiency and lower ton-miles, partially offset by a 4% increase in fuel prices.
Equipment and Other Rents expense increased $7 million as higher days per load resulted in increased car hire costs, which were partially offset by higher net earnings at TTX.
Interest Expense
Interest expense decreased $3 million primarily due to lower average interest rates, partially offset by higher average debt balances.
Other Income - Net
Other income - net decreased $2 million primarily due to lower interest income, partially offset by an increase in net pension benefit credits.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense decreased $12 million primarily due to lower earnings before income taxes, partially offset by the impacts of an unfavorable state legislative change.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.29

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Non-GAAP Measures - Unaudited
CSX reports its financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). CSX also uses certain non-GAAP measures that fall within the meaning of Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation G and Regulation S-K Item 10(e), which may provide users of the financial information with additional meaningful comparison to prior reported results. Non-GAAP measures do not have standardized definitions and are not defined by U.S. GAAP. Therefore, CSX’s non-GAAP measures are unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. The presentation of these non-GAAP measures should not be considered in isolation from, as a substitute for, or as superior to the financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. Reconciliations of non-GAAP measures to corresponding GAAP measures are below.
Free Cash Flow
Management believes that free cash flow is supplemental information useful to investors as it is important in evaluating the Company’s financial performance. More specifically, free cash flow measures cash generated by the business after reinvestment. This measure represents cash available for both equity and bond investors to be used for dividends, share repurchases or principal reduction on outstanding debt. Free cash flow is calculated by using net cash from operations and adjusting for property additions and certain other investing activities, which includes proceeds from property dispositions. Free cash flow should be considered in addition to, rather than a substitute for, cash provided by operating activities. The increase in free cash flow before dividends from the prior year of $122 million is primarily due to lower property additions and higher cash from net favorable working capital activities, despite lower net earnings.
The following table reconciles cash provided by operating activities (GAAP measure) to free cash flow, before dividends (non-GAAP measure).

| Three Months
(Dollars in millions) | 2021 | 2020
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 1,232 |  | $ | 1,178 |
Property Additions | (306) |  | (381) |
Other Investing Activities | 8 |  | 15 |
Free Cash Flow (before payment of dividends) | $ | 934 |  | $ | 812 |

Operating Statistics (Estimated)
The Company is committed to continuous improvement in safety and service performance through training, innovation and investment. Training and safety programs are designed to prevent incidents that can adversely impact employees, customers and communities. Technological innovations that can detect and avoid many types of human factor incidents are designed to serve as an additional layer of protection for the Company's employees. Continued capital investment in the Company's assets, including track, bridges, signals, equipment and detection technology also supports safety performance.
In first quarter 2021, operations were unfavorably impacted by challenging winter weather conditions and lingering impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on crew availability. Train velocity and car dwell remained similar to fourth quarter 2020 levels, but these impacts resulted in degradation of train velocity and dwell compared to the pre-pandemic conditions of first quarter 2020. CSX expects these measures to improve throughout the year and is taking the necessary steps to provide customers increased reliability and faster transit times in the improving demand environment.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.30

Table of Contents
CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The FRA train accident rate of 2.92 in first quarter 2021 increased compared to prior year results due to a higher number of train accidents combined with a reduction in train miles. The personal injury frequency index of 1.02 increased versus the prior year's record low first quarter results due to an increased number of injuries as well as lower hours worked. Safety remains a top priority at CSX, and the Company is committed to reducing risk and enhancing the overall safety of its employees, customers and communities in which the Company operates.

| First Quarters |  |
| 2021 | 2020 | Improvement/ (Deterioration) |  |  |  |
Operations Performance |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Train Velocity (Miles per hour)(a) | 18.9 |  | 21.2 |  | (11) | % |  |  |  |
Dwell (Hours)(a) | 10.8 |  | 8.3 |  | (30) | % |  |  |  |
Cars Online(a) | 128,856 |  | 110,801 |  | (16) | % |  |  |  |
On-Time Originations | 79 | % | 91 | % | (13) | % |  |  |  |
On-Time Arrivals | 69 | % | 84 | % | (18) | % |  |  |  |
Carload Trip Plan Performance | 67 | % | 81 | % | (17) | % |  |  |  |
Intermodal Trip Plan Performance | 85 | % | 96 | % | (11) | % |  |  |  |
Fuel Efficiency | 0.98 |  | 1.01 |  | 3 | % |  |  |  |
Revenue Ton-Miles (Billions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Merchandise | 31.3 |  | 33.1 |  | (5) | % |  |  |  |
Coal | 8.8 |  | 8.6 |  | 2 | % |  |  |  |
Intermodal | 7.7 |  | 6.8 |  | 13 | % |  |  |  |
Total Revenue Ton-Miles | 47.8 |  | 48.5 |  | (1) | % |  |  |  |
Total Gross Ton-Miles (Billions) | 93.4 |  | 95.3 |  | (2) | % |  |  |  |
Safety |  |  |  |  |  |  |
FRA Personal Injury Frequency Index | 1.02 |  | 0.61 |  | (67) | % |  |  |  |
FRA Train Accident Rate | 2.92 |  | 2.24 |  | (30) | % |  |  |  |

(a) The methodologies for calculating train velocity, dwell and cars online differ from those prescribed by the STB as the Company believes these numbers more accurately reflect railroad performance. CSXT will continue to report these metrics, using the prescribed methodology, to the STB on a weekly basis. See additional discussion on the Company's website.
Certain operating statistics are estimated and can continue to be updated as actuals settle.
Key Performance Measures Definitions
Train Velocity - Average train speed between origin and destination in miles per hour (does not include locals, yard jobs, work trains or passenger trains). Train velocity measures the profiled schedule of trains (from departure to arrival and all interim time), and train profiles are periodically updated to align with a changing operation.
Dwell - Average amount of time in hours between car arrival to and departure from the yard.
Cars Online - Average number of active freight rail cars on lines operated by CSX, excluding rail cars that are being repaired, in storage, those that have been sold, or private cars dwelling at a customer location more than one day.
On-Time Originations - Percent of scheduled road trains that depart the origin yard on-time or ahead of schedule.
On-Time Arrivals - Percent of scheduled road trains that arrive at the destination yard on-time to within two hours of scheduled arrival. Carload Trip Plan Performance - Percent of measured cars destined for a customer that arrive at or ahead of the original estimated time of arrival, notification or interchange (as applicable).
Intermodal Trip Plan Performance - Percent of measured containers destined for a customer that arrive at or ahead of the original estimated time of arrival, notification or interchange (as applicable).
Fuel Efficiency - Gallons of locomotive fuel per 1,000 gross ton-miles.
Revenue Ton-Miles (RTM's) - The movement of one revenue-producing ton of freight over a distance of one mile.
Gross Ton-Miles (GTM's) - The movement of one ton of train weight over one mile. GTM's are calculated by multiplying total train weight by distance the train moved. Total train weight is comprised of the weight of the freight cars and their contents.
FRA Personal Injury Frequency Index - Number of FRA-reportable injuries per 200,000 man-hours.
FRA Train Accident Rate - Number of FRA-reportable train accidents per million train-miles.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.31

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CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The following are material changes in the significant cash flows, sources of cash and liquidity, capital investments, consolidated balance sheets and working capital, which provide an update to the discussion included in CSX's most recent annual report on Form 10-K.
Material Changes in Significant Cash Flows
Significant Cash Flows
The following chart highlights the operating, investing and financing components of the net decrease of $174 million and net increase of $1.0 billion in cash and cash equivalents for three months ended 2021 and 2020, respectively.
•Despite lower net earnings, cash provided by operating activities increased $54 million primarily driven by higher cash from net favorable working capital activities, none of which were individually significant.
•Cash used in investing activities was $297 million in first quarter 2021 compared to cash from investi ng activities of $144 million in first quarter 2020. This change was primarily driven by decreased net sales of short-term investments.
•Cash used in financing activities increased $824 million driven by lower proceeds from debt issuances and higher long-term debt repayments.
Sources of Cash and Liquidity and Uses of Cash
As of the end of first quarter 2021, CSX had approximately $3.0 billion of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. CSX uses current cash balances for general corporate purposes, which may include reduction or refinancing of outstanding indebtedness, capital expenditures, working capital requirements, contributions to the Company's qualified pension plan, redemptions and repurchases of CSX common stock and dividends to shareholders. See Note 7, Debt and Credit Agreements.
The Company has multiple sources of liquidity, including cash generated from operations and financing sources. The Company filed a shelf registration statement with the SEC on February 12, 2019, which is unlimited as to amount and may be used to issue debt or equity securities at CSX’s discretion, subject to market conditions and CSX Board authorization. While CSX seeks to give itself flexibility with respect to cash requirements, there can be no assurance that market conditions would permit CSX to sell such securities on acceptable terms at any given time, or at all. During three months ended 2021, CSX did not issue any new long-term debt.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.32

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CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
CSX has a $1.2 billion unsecured, revolving credit facility backed by a diverse syndicate of banks that expires in March 2024. At March 31, 2021, the Company had no outstanding balances under this facility. The Company also has a commercial paper program, backed by the revolving credit facility, under which the Company may issue unsecured commercial paper notes up to a maximum aggregate principal amount of $1.0 billion outstanding at any one time. At March 31, 2021, the Company had no outstanding debt under the commercial paper program.
Planned capital investments for 2021 are expected to be between $1.7 billion and $1.8 billion. Of the total 2021 investment, the majority will be used to sustain the core infrastructure and the remaining amounts will be allocated to projects supporting service enhancements, productivity initiatives and profitable growth. CSX intends to fund capital investments through cash generated from operations.
Material Changes in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Working Capital
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Total assets decreased $101 million from year end primarily due to the net decrease in cash of $174 million. This decrease was driven by cash from operations of $1.2 billion, partially offset by share repurchases of $551 million, debt repayments of $360 million, property additions of $306 million and dividends paid of $213 million.
Total liabilities decreased $151 million from year end primarily due to debt repayments of $360 million, partially offset by an increase in income and other taxes payable of $164 million. Total shareholders' equity increased $50 million from year end primarily driven by comprehensive earnings of $774 million, mostly offset by share repurchases of $551 million and dividends paid of $213 million.
Working capital is considered a measure of a company's ability to meet its short-term needs. CSX had a working capital surplus of $2.5 billion and $2.4 billion as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The increase in working capital since year end of $83 million was primarily driven by a decrease in current maturities of long-term debt of $360 million, partially offset by a $174 million net reduction of cash and cash equivalents described above and an increase in income and other taxes payable of $164 million. The Company's working capital balance varies due to factors such as the timing of scheduled debt payments and changes in cash and cash equivalent balances as discussed above. The Company continues to maintain adequate liquidity to satisfy current liabilities and maturing obligations when they come due. CSX has sufficient financial capacity, including its revolving credit facility, commercial paper program and shelf registration statement to manage its day-to-day cash requirements and any anticipated obligations. The Company from time to time accesses the credit markets for additional liquidity.
CSX is committed to returning cash to shareholders and maintaining an investment-grade credit profile. Capital structure, capital investments and cash distributions, including dividends and share repurchases, are reviewed at least annually by the Board of Directors. Management's assessment of market conditions and other factors guides the timing and volume of repurchases. Future share repurchases are expected to be funded by cash on hand, cash generated from operations and debt issuances.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.33

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CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Pending Transactions
On November 30, 2020, CSX signed a definitive agreement to acquire Pan Am Systems, Inc. (“Pan Am”) and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates, which own and operate a highly integrated, nearly 1,200-mile rail network and have a partial interest in the more than 600-mile Pan Am Southern system. This acquisition, if approved, will expand CSX’s reach in Connecticut, New York and Massachusetts while adding Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine to its existing network. On February 25, 2021, the Company began the process, which can take up to a year or more, of seeking approval from the Surface Transportation Board.
On March 26, 2021, the Company entered into a comprehensive rail agreement to sell certain interests in three CSX-owned line segments to the Commonwealth of Virginia (“Commonwealth”) over three phases for a total of $525 million. On April 14, 2021, in the first phase of the transaction, the Company closed on the sale of a permanent land easement for passenger rail operations. In second quarter 2021, the gain on this sale will be recognized in materials, supplies and other on the consolidated income statement. The Company anticipates closing on the remaining sales over the next two years. Funding for a portion of the transaction price remains subject to approval by the Virginia General Assembly and the Commonwealth.
Guaranteed Notes Issued By CSXT
In 2007, CSXT, a wholly-owned subsidiary of CSX Corporation, issued $381 million of secured equipment notes maturing in 2023 in a registered public offering. CSX Corporation has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the notes. At CSXT’s option, CSXT may redeem any or all of the notes, in whole or in part, at any time, at the redemption price including premium. In the case of loss or destruction of any item of equipment securing the notes, if CSXT does not substitute another item of equipment for the item suffering such loss or destruction, CSXT will be required to redeem the notes in part at par. The guarantee of the notes will rank equally in right of payment with all existing and future senior obligations of CSX Corporation and will be effectively subordinated to all future secured indebtedness of CSX Corporation to the extent of the assets securing such indebtedness. The guarantee is subject to release in limited circumstances only upon the occurrence of certain customary conditions. At March 31, 2021, the principal balance of these secured equipment notes was $160 million.
In accordance with SEC rules, including amendments adopted in 2020, CSX is not required to present separate condensed consolidating financial information for wholly-owned subsidiaries who issued or guaranteed notes. Additionally, presentation of combined summary financial information regarding subsidiary issuers and guarantors is not required because the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the combined issuers and guarantors of the notes are not materially different from the corresponding amounts presented in the consolidated financial statements.
LABOR AGREEMENTS
Approximately 15,500 of the Company's approximately 19,000 employees are members of a labor union. For the 13 rail unions that participate in national bargaining, a round of negotiations for benefits, wages and work rules is underway. Typically, these negotiations take several years. Current agreements remain in place until modified by new agreements.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.34

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CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires that management make estimates in reporting the amounts of certain assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and certain revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates. These estimates and assumptions are discussed with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors on a regular basis. Consistent with the prior year, significant estimates using management judgment are made for the areas below. For further discussion of CSX's critical accounting estimates, see the Company's most recent annual report on Form 10-K.
•personal injury, environmental and legal reserves;
•pension and post-retirement medical plan accounting; and
•depreciation policies for assets under the group-life method.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this report and in other materials filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as information included in oral statements or other written statements made by the Company, are forward-looking statements. The Company intends for all such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act may contain, among others, statements regarding:
•projections and estimates of earnings, revenues, margins, volumes, rates, cost-savings, expenses, taxes or other financial items;
•expectations as to results of operations and operational initiatives;
•expectations as to the effect of claims, lawsuits, environmental costs, commitments, contingent liabilities, labor negotiations or agreements on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or liquidity;
•management's plans, strategies and objectives for future operations, capital expenditures, workforce levels, dividends, share repurchases, safety and service performance, proposed new services and other matters that are not historical facts, and management's expectations as to future performance and operations and the time by which objectives will be achieved; and
•future economic, industry or market conditions or performance and their effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words or phrases such as "will," "should," “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “estimate,” “preliminary” and similar expressions. The Company cautions against placing undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which reflect its good faith beliefs with respect to future events and are based on information currently available to it as of the date the forward-looking statement is made. Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the timing when, or by which, such performance or results will be achieved.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.35

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CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties and actual performance or results could differ materially from those anticipated by any forward-looking statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement. If the Company does update any forward-looking statement, no inference should be drawn that the Company will make additional updates with respect to that statement or any other forward-looking statements. The following important factors, in addition to those discussed in Part I, Item 1A Risk Factors of CSX's most recent annual report on Form 10-K and elsewhere in this report, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by any forward-looking statements:
•legislative, regulatory or legal developments involving transportation, including rail or intermodal transportation, the environment, hazardous materials, taxation, international trade and initiatives to further regulate the rail industry;
•the outcome of litigation, claims and other contingent liabilities, including, but not limited to, those related to fuel surcharge, environmental matters, taxes, shipper and rate claims subject to adjudication, personal injuries and occupational illnesses;
•changes in domestic or international economic, political or business conditions, including those affecting the transportation industry (such as the impact of industry competition, conditions, performance and consolidation) and the level of demand for products carried by CSXT;
•natural events such as severe weather conditions, including floods, fire, hurricanes and earthquakes, a pandemic crisis, including the outbreak of COVID-19, affecting the health of the Company's employees, its shippers or the consumers of goods, or other unforeseen disruptions of the Company's operations, systems, property, equipment or supply chain;
•competition from other modes of freight transportation, such as trucking and competition and consolidation or financial distress within the transportation industry generally;
•the cost of compliance with laws and regulations that differ from expectations as well as costs, penalties and operational and liquidity impacts associated with noncompliance with applicable laws or regulations;
•the impact of increased passenger activities in capacity-constrained areas, including potential effects of high speed rail initiatives, or regulatory changes affecting when CSXT can transport freight or service routes;
•unanticipated conditions in the financial markets that may affect timely access to capital markets and the cost of capital, as well as management's decisions regarding share repurchases;
•changes in fuel prices, surcharges for fuel and the availability of fuel;
•the impact of natural gas prices on coal-fired electricity generation;
•the impact of global supply and price of seaborne coal on CSXT's export coal market;
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.36

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CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
•availability of insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates or insufficient insurance coverage to cover claims or damages;
•the inherent business risks associated with safety and security, including the transportation of hazardous materials or a cybersecurity attack which would threaten the availability and vulnerability of information technology;
•adverse economic or operational effects from actual or threatened war or terrorist activities and any governmental response;
•loss of key personnel or the inability to hire and retain qualified employees;
•labor and benefit costs and labor difficulties, including stoppages affecting either the Company's operations or customers' ability to deliver goods to the Company for shipment;
•the Company's success in implementing its strategic, financial and operational initiatives;
•the impact of conditions in the real estate market on the Company's ability to sell assets;
•changes in operating conditions and costs or commodity concentrations;
•the continued and uncertain impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; and
•the inherent uncertainty associated with projecting economic and business conditions.
Other important assumptions and factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements are specified elsewhere in this report and in CSX's other SEC reports, which are accessible on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov and the Company's website at www.csx.com. The information on the CSX website is not part of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.37

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CSX CORPORATION
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes in market risk from the information provided under Part II, Item 7A (Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk) of CSX's most recent annual report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As of March 31, 2021, under the supervision and with the participation of CSX's Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), management has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that, as of March 31, 2021, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level in timely alerting them to material information required to be included in CSX's periodic SEC reports. There were no changes in the Company's internal controls over financial reporting during the first quarter of 2021 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.38

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CSX CORPORATION
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Item 103 of SEC Regulation S-K requires disclosure of certain environmental matters when a governmental authority is a party to the proceedings and such proceedings involve potential monetary sanctions that the Company reasonably believes will exceed a specified threshold. Pursuant to recent SEC amendments to this Item, the Company will be using a threshold of $1 million for such proceedings. For further details, please refer to Note 5. Commitments and Contingencies of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Also refer to Part I, Item 3. Legal Proceedings in CSX's most recent annual report on Form 10-K.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
For information regarding factors that could affect the Company's results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, see the risk factors discussed under Part I, Item 1A (Risk Factors) of CSX's most recent annual report on Form 10-K. See also Part I, Item 2 (Forward-Looking Statements) of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.
Item 2. CSX Purchases of Equity Securities
The Company continues to repurchase shares under the $5 billion program announced in January 2019. On October 21, 2020, the Company announced a new, incremental $5 billion share repurchase program. Total repurchase authority remaining as of March 31, 2021, was $5.3 billion. For more information about share repurchases, see Note 2 Earnings Per Share. Share repurchase activity for the first quarter 2021 was as follows:

| CSX Purchases of Equity Securities for the Quarter |
First Quarter | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
Beginning Balance |  |  |  | $ | 5,889,233,126 |
January 1 - January 31, 2021 | 632,946 |  | $ | 86.20 |  | 632,946 |  | 5,834,675,390 |
February 1 - February 28, 2021 | 2,985,010 |  | 88.70 |  | 2,985,010 |  | 5,569,901,520 |
March 1 - March 31, 2021 | 2,511,689 |  | 92.08 |  | 2,511,689 |  | 5,338,616,483 |
Ending Balance | 6,129,645 |  | $ | 89.83 |  | 6,129,645 |  | $ | 5,338,616,483 |

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable
Item 5. Other Information
None
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.39

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CSX CORPORATION
PART II
Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit designation | Nature of exhibit | Previously filed as exhibit to
Officer certifications:
31* | Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications |
32* | Section 1350 Certifications |
Interactive data files:
101* | The following financial information from CSX Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on April 20, 2021, formatted in inline XBRL includes: (i) consolidated income statements for the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, (ii) condensed consolidated comprehensive income statements for the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, (iii) consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, (iv) consolidated cash flow statements for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, (v) consolidated statement of changes in shareholders' equity for the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and March 31, 2020, and (vi) the notes to consolidated financial statements. |
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document contained in Exhibit 101) |
* Filed herewith |  |

CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.40

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CSX CORPORATION
PART II
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
CSX CORPORATION
(Registrant)
By: /s/ ANGELA C. WILLIAMS
Angela C. Williams
Vice President and
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Dated: April 20, 2021
CSX Q1 2021 Form 10-Q p.41