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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS | 19. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS TCCC controls approximately 19% of the voting interests of the Company. The TCCC Subsidiaries, the TCCC Related Parties and the TCCC Independent Bottlers, purchase and distribute certain of the Company’s products in certain domestic and international markets. The Company also pays TCCC a commission based on certain sales within the TCCC distribution network. TCCC commissions, based on sales to the TCCC Subsidiaries and the TCCC Related Parties, for the year ended December 31, 2018 were $48.0 million, and are included as a reduction to net sales. TCCC commissions, based on sales to the TCCC Independent Bottlers for the year ended December 31, 2018 were $14.8 million, and are included in operating expenses. TCCC commissions, based on sales to the TCCC Subsidiaries, for the year ended December 31, 2017 were $9.8 million, and are included as a reduction to net sales. TCCC commissions, based on sales to the TCCC Related Parties and the TCCC Independent Bottlers, for the year ended December 31, 2017 were $45.0 million, and are included in operating expenses. Upon adoption of ASC 606, commissions paid to TCCC, based on sales to the TCCC Related Parties, are included as a reduction to net sales. Prior to January 1, 2018, such commissions, based on sales to the TCCC Related Parties, were included in operating expenses. Net sales to the TCCC Subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 were $132.5 million and $594.1 million, respectively. As part of the North America Refranchising, the territories of certain TCCC Subsidiaries have been transitioned to certain independent TCCC bottlers/distributors and/or TCCC Related Parties. Accordingly, the Company’s net sales classified as sales to the TCCC Subsidiaries significantly decreased for the year ended December 31, 2018. The Company also purchases concentrates from TCCC which are then sold to certain of the Company's bottlers/distributors. Concentrate purchases from TCCC were $27.5 million, $26.2 million and $26.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Certain TCCC Subsidiaries also contract manufacture certain of the Company’s Monster Energy® brand energy drinks. Such contract manufacturing expenses were $22.8 million, $11.8 million and $9.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued promotional allowances related to the TCCC Subsidiaries are as follows at:
|  | December 31, |  | December 31,
|  | 2018 |  | 2017
Accounts receivable, net |  | $ | 25,312 |  | $ | 32,607
Accounts payable |  | $ | (54,430) |  | $ | (45,465)
Accrued promotional allowances |  | $ | (4,044) |  | $ | (5,884)
Two directors and officers of the Company and their families are principal owners of a company that provides promotional materials to the Company. Expenses incurred with such company in connection with promotional materials purchased during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were $1.8 million, $2.2 million and $1.5 million, respectively. In December 2018, the Company and a director of the Company entered into a 50-50 partnership that purchased land in Kona, Hawaii for the purpose producing coffee products. The Company’s $1.9 million 50% contribution is accounted for as an equity investment and is included in other long-term assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 850 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122745 + Details
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