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Employee Benefits
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Text block [abstract]  
Employee Benefits
Note 18. Employee Benefits
An analysis of the net liability and net period cost for employee benefits is as follows:

 
  
At December 31,
 
 
  
2021
 
  
2022
 
Mexico
   Ps. 110,225,654     
Ps.
112,031,055
 
Puerto Rico
     12,502,377     
 
8,859,265
 
Brazil
     6,108,744     
 
6,303,584
 
Europe
     13,127,228     
 
9,971,256
 
Ecuador
     601,239     
 
519,239
 
El Salvador
     177,922     
 
135,299
 
Nicaragua
     75,084     
 
62,327
 
Honduras
     32,217     
 
41,292
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
   Ps. 142,850,465     
Ps.
137,923,317
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 

 
  
For the year ended December 31,
 
 
  
2020
 
  
2021
 
  
2022
 
Mexico
   Ps. 14,911,208      Ps. 15,507,652     
Ps.
13,673,155
 
Puerto Rico
     664,046        548,550     
 
538,681
 
Brazil
     722,412        724,587     
 
587,552
 
Europe
     1,701,424        1,753,872     
 
1,176,028
 
Ecuador
     67,402        111,353     
 
(29,743
El Salvador
     15,751        19,081     
 
14,384
 
Nicaragua
     3,711        18,561     
 
11,502
 
Honduras
     —          4,718     
 
7,593
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total
   Ps. 18,085,954      Ps. 18,688,374     
Ps.
15,979,152
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
a) Defined Benefit Plans
The defined benefit obligation (DBO) and plan
a
ssets for the pension and other benefit obligation plans, by country, are as follows:

 
 
At December 31
 
 
 
2021
 
 
2022
 
 
 
DBO
 
 
Plan Assets
 
 
Effect of
asset ceiling
 
 
Net employee
benefit liability
 
 
DBO
 
 
Plan Assets
 
 
Effect of
asset ceiling
 
 
Net employee
benefit
liability
 
Mexico
  Ps. 286,396,483       Ps.(177,270,561)     Ps. —       Ps. 109,125,922    
Ps.
285,775,547
 
   
Ps.(174,814,669)
 
 
Ps.
—  
 
 
Ps.
110,960,878
 
Puerto Rico
    38,092,662       (25,590,285     —         12,502,377    
 
26,747,454
 
 
 
(17,888,189
 
 
—  
 
 
 
8,859,265
 
Brazil
    15,497,227       (15,466,336     4,422,459       4,453,350    
 
14,599,954
 
 
 
(15,823,761
 
 
6,064,069
 
 
 
4,840,262
 
Europe
    5,093,036       —         —         5,093,036    
 
3,464,777
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
3,464,777
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Total
  Ps. 345,079,408       Ps.(218,327,182)     Ps. 4,422,459     Ps. 131,174,685    
Ps.
330,587,732
 
   
Ps.(208,526,619)
 
 
Ps.
6,064,069
 
 
Ps.
128,125,182
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
Below is a summary of the actuarial results generated for the pension and retirement plans as well as the medical services in Puerto Rico and Brazil; the pension plans and seniority premiums related to Telmex; the pension plan, the service awards plan and severance in Austria corresponding to the years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022:
 
     At December 31, 2020  
     DBO     Plan Assets     Effect of asset
ceiling
    Net employee
benefit liability
 
Balance at the beginning of the year
   Ps. 342,569,774     Ps. (206,300,821   Ps. 4,428,021     Ps. 140,696,974  
Current service cost
     2,810,584                       2,810,584  
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation
     30,482,173                       30,482,173  
Expected return on plan assets
             (17,655,119             (17, 655,119
Changes in the asset ceiling during the period and others
                     278,639       278,639  
Past service costs and other
             148,253               148,253  
Actuarial gain for changes in experience
     (8,945                     (8,945
Actuarial gain from changes in demographic assumptions
     (270                     (270
Actuarial loss from changes in financial assumptions
     20,219                       20,219  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net period cost
   Ps. 33,303,761     Ps. (17,506,866   Ps. 278,639     Ps. 16,075,534  
Actuarial gain for changes in experience
     (9,677                     (9,677
Actuarial gain from changes in demographic assumptions
     (103,987                     (103,987
Actuarial loss from changes in financial assumptions
     3,475,345                       3,475,345  
Changes in the asset ceiling during the period and others
                     (542,430     (542,430
Return on plan assets greater than discount rate (shortfall)
             12,320,777               12,320,777  
Others
     (924,084                     (924,084
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Recognized in other comprehensive income
   Ps. 2,437,597     Ps. 12,320,777     Ps. (542,430   Ps. 14,215,944  
Contributions made by plan participants
     137,947       (137,947             —    
Contributions to the pension plan made by the Company
             (1,882,654             (1,882,654
Benefits paid
     (19,740,727     19,740,727               —    
Payments to employees
     (14,426,720                     (14,426,720
Effect of translation
     (1,278,392     2,217,201       (770,590     168,219  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Others
   Ps. (35,307,892   Ps. 19,937,327     Ps. (770,590   Ps. (16,141,155
Balance at the end of the year
     343,003,240       (191,549,583     3,393,640       154,847,297  
Less short-term portion
     (268,940                     (268,940
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Non-current obligation
   Ps. 342,734,300     Ps. (191,549,583   Ps. 3,393,640     Ps. 154,578,357  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
     At December 31, 2021  
     DBO     Plan Assets     Effect of asset
ceiling
    Net employee
benefit liability
 
Balance at the beginning of the year
   Ps. 343,003,240     Ps. (191,549,583   Ps. 3,393,640     Ps. 154,847,297  
Current service cost
     2,090,896                       2,090,896  
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation
     28,913,257                       28,913,257  
Expected return on plan assets
             (15,112,669             (15,112,669
Changes in the asset ceiling during the period and others
                     215,544       215,544  
Past service costs and other
             139,910               139,910  
Actuarial gain for changes in experience
     (23,024                     (23,024
Actuarial gain from changes in demographic assumptions
     (48                     (48
Actuarial gain from changes in financial assumptions
     (6,907                     (6,907
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net period cost
   Ps. 30,974,174     Ps. (14,972,759)     Ps. 215,544     Ps. 16,216,959  
Actuarial loss for changes in experience
     10,728,950                       10,728,950  
Actuarial gain from changes in demographic assumptions
     (104,568                     (104,568
Actuarial gain from changes in financial assumptions
     (4,099,321                     (4,099,321
Changes in the asset ceiling during the period and others
                     969,433       969,433  
Return on plan assets greater than discount rate (shortfall)
             (22,198,615             (22,198,615
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Recognized in other comprehensive income
   Ps. 6,525,061     Ps. (22,198,615   Ps. 969,433     Ps. (14,704,121
Contributions made by plan participants
     99,201       (99,201             —    
Contributions to the pension plan made by the Company
             311,108               311,108  
Benefits paid
     (10,574,420     10,348,544               (225,876
Payments to employees
     (25,042,314                     (25,042,314
Effect of translation
     330,770       (166,676     (156,158     7,936  
Others
   Ps. (35,186,763
)
  Ps. 10,393,775     Ps. (156,158
)
  Ps. (24,949,146
)
Balance at the end of the year
     345,315,712       (218,327,182     4,422,459       131,410,989  
Less short-term portion
     (236,304                     (236,304
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Non-current obligation
   Ps. 345,079,408     Ps. (218,327,182
)
  Ps. 4,422,459     Ps. 131,174,685  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
At December 31, 2022
 
   
DBO
   
Plan Assets
   
Effect of asset

ceiling
   
Net employee

benefit liability
 
Balance at the beginning of the year
 
Ps.
345,315,712
 
 
Ps.
(218,327,182
 
Ps.
4,422,459
 
 
Ps.
131,410,989
 
Current service cost
 
 
1,534,180
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
1,534,180
 
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation
 
 
30,565,134
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
30,565,134
 
Expected return on plan assets
 
 
—  
 
 
 
( 18,819,322
)
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
( 18,819,322
)
 
Changes in the asset ceiling during the period and others
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
398,399
 
 
 
398,399
 
Past service costs and other
 
 
—  
 
 
 
142,911
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
142,911
 
Actuarial gain for changes in experience
 
 
( 43,603
)
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
( 43,603
)
 
Actuarial gain from changes in demographic assumptions
 
 
( 64
)
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
( 64
)
 
Actuarial gain from changes in financial assumptions
 
 
( 88,990
)
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
( 88,990
)
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Net period cost
 
Ps.
31,966,657
 
 
Ps.
(18,676,411
 
Ps.
398,399
 
 
Ps.
13,688,645
 
Actuarial loss for changes in experience
 
 
2,747,706
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
2,747,706
 
Actuarial loss from changes in demographic assumptions
 
 
55,037
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
55,037
 
Actuarial gain from changes in financial assumptions
 
 
( 9,838,708
)
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
( 9,838,708
)
 
Changes in the asset ceiling during the period and others
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
1,283,501
 
 
 
1,283,501
 
Return on plan assets greater than discount rate (shortfall)
 
 
—  
 
 
 
13,719,181
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
13,719,181
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Recognized in other comprehensive income
 
Ps.
(7,035,965
 
Ps.
13,719,181
 
 
Ps.
1,283,501
 
 
Ps.
7,966,717
 
Contributions made by plan participants
 
 
78,642
 
 
 
( 78,642
)
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
Contributions to the pension plan made by the Company
 
 
—  
 
 
 
516,280
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
516,280
 
Benefits paid
 
 
( 13,502,781
)
 
 
 
13,221,202
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
( 281,579
)
 
Payments to employees
 
 
( 23,753,735
)
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
( 23,753,735
)
 
Plan changes
 
 
12,461
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
12,461
 
Effect of translation
 
 
( 2,218,050
)
 
 
 
1,098,953
 
 
 
( 40,290
)
 
 
 
( 1,159,387
)
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Others
 
Ps.
(39,383,463
)
 
 
Ps.
14,757,793
 
 
Ps.
( 40,290
)
 
 
Ps.
(24,665,960
)
 
Balance at the end of the year
 
 
330,862,941
 
 
 
( 208,526,619
)
 
 
 
6,064,069
 
 
 
128,400,391
 
Less short-term portion
 
 
( 275,209
)
 
 
 
—  
 
         
 
( 275,209
)
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Non-current obligation
 
Ps.
330,587,732
 
 
Ps.
(208,526,619
 
Ps.
6,064,069
 
 
Ps.
128,125,182
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
In the case of other subsidiaries in Mexico, the net period cost of other employee benefits for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022 was Ps. 174,994 Ps. 267,728 and Ps. 126,735 , respectively. The balance of other employee benefits at December 31, 2021 and 2022 was Ps. 1,099,732 and Ps. 1,070,177, respectively.
In the case of Brazil, the net period cost of other benefits for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022 was Ps. 268,562 Ps. 225,984 and Ps. 166,503, respectively. The balance of employee benefits at December 31, 2021 and 2022 was Ps.1,380,764 and Ps. 1,428,547,respectively.
In the case of Ecuador, the net period cost of other benefits for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022 was Ps. 67,402, Ps. 111,353 and Ps. (29,743), respectively. The balance of employee benefits at December 31, 2021 and 2022 was Ps. 601,239 and Ps. 519,239, respectively.
 
In the case of Central America, the net period cost of other benefits for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 was Ps. 42,360 and Ps. 33,479, respectively. The balance of employee benefits at December 31, 2021 and 2022 was Ps. 285,223 and Ps. 238,918, respectively.
Plan assets are invested in:
At December 31
 
     2021    
2022
 
     Puerto Rico     Brazil     Mexico    
Puerto Rico
   
Brazil
   
Mexico
 
Equity instruments
     42     —         74  
 
40
 
 
—  
 
 
 
74
Debt instruments
     21     94     26  
 
24
 
 
92
 
 
26
Others
     37     6     —      
 
36
 
 
8
 
 
—  
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
       100     100     100  
 
100
 
 
100
 
 
100
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Included in the Telmex’s net pension plan liability are plan assets of Ps.177,270,561 and Ps. 174,814,669 as of December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively, of which 47.5% and 44.2% during 2021 and 2022, respectively, were invested in equity and debt instruments of both América Móvil and also of related parties, primarily entities that are under common control of the Company’s principal shareholder. The Telmex pension plan recorded a re-measurement of its defined pension plan of Ps.( 9,928,728) and Ps. 11,590,623 during 2021 and 2022, respectively, attributable to a change in actuarial assumptions, and also a decline and an increase in the fair value of plan investments from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2022. The decrease and increase in fair value of the aforementioned related party pension plan investments approximated Ps. ( 20,234,095) and Ps. 9,806,143 during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively.
The assumptions used in determining the net period cost were as follows:

 
 
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
 
Puerto
Rico
 
 
Brazil
 
Mexico
 
 
Europe
 
Puerto
Rico
 
 
Brazil
 
Mexico
 
 
Europe
 
Puerto
Rico
 
 
Brazil
 
 
Mexico
 
 
Europe
Discount rate and long- term rate return
                      0.25%,                       0.25%,                            
          6.48% &          
 
0.50% &
          8.51% &          
 
0.75% &
         
 
10.11% &
 
           
 
 
 
 
2.34
 
 
 
7.39%
 
 
 
 
10.04
 
 
 
0.75%
 
 
 
 
2.75
 
 
 
8.67%
 
 
 
 
10.4
 
 
 
1.00%
 
 
 
 
5.42
 
 
 
 
 
10.05%
 
 
 
 
 
 
11.5
 
 
 
3.75%
                         
Rate of future salary increases
                      3.00%,                       3.00%,                          
4.5%
                      3.5% &                       3.40% &                          
5.3% &
    2.75%     3.25%     2.84%     4.10%     2.75%     3.25%     2.80%     4.00%  
 
2.75%
 
 
 
3.50%
 
 
 
2.8%
 
 
3.4%,4.6%
                         
Percentage of increase in health care costs for the coming year
    2.28%     9.96%                 2.72%     9.44%              
 
5.44%
 
 
 
9.71%
 
           
                         
Year to which this level will be maintained
    N/A     2031                 NA     2030              
 
NA
 
 
 
2031
 
           
                         
Rate of increase of pensions
                      1.60%                       1.60%                          
1.90%
                         
Employee turnover rate*
                     
0.00%
-1.31%
                     
0.00%
-1.12%
                         
0.00%
-1.03%
 
*
Depending on years of service
 
Biometric
 
Puerto Rico:     
Mortality:    RP 2014, MSS 2022 Tables.
   
Brazil:     
   
Mortality:    2000 Basic AT Table for gender
Disability for assets:    UP 84 modified table for gender
Disability retirement:    80 CSO Code Table
Rotation:    Probability of leaving the Company other than death, Disability and retirement is zero
Europe
Life expectancy in Austria is based on “AVÖ 2018-P – Rechnungsgrundlagen für die Pensionsversicherung – Pagler & Pagler”.
 
Telmex     
Mortality:    Mexican 2000 (CNSF) adjusted
Disability:    Mexican Social Security adjusted by Telmex experience
Turnover:    Telmex experience
Retirement:    Telmex experience
At December 31, 2022, the Company conducted a sensitivity analysis on the most significant variables that affect the DBO, simulating independently, reasonable changes to roughly 100 basis points in each of these variables. The increase (decrease) would have resulted in the DBO pension and other benefits at December 31, 2022 are as follows:
 
    
-100 points
    
+100 points
 
Discount rate
   Ps. 25,334,948      Ps. (22,163,575)  
Health care cost trend rat
   Ps. (388,889)      Ps. 444,735  
Telmex Plans
Part of the Telmex’s employees are covered under defined benefit pension plans and seniority premiums. Pension benefits and seniority premiums are determined on the basis in their final year of employment, their seniority, and their age at the time of retirement. Telmex has set up an irrevocable trust fund to finance these employee benefits and has adopted the policy of making contributions to such fund when it is considered necessary.
Europe
Defined benefit pension plans
A1 Telekom Austria Group provides defined benefits for certain former employees in Austria. All eligible employees are retired and were employed prior to January 1, 1975. This unfunded plan provides benefits based on a percentage of salary and years employed, not exceeding 80% of the salary before retirement, and taking into consideration the pension provided by the social security system. A1 Telekom Austria Group is exposed primarily to the risk of development of life expectancy and inflation because the benefits from pension plans are lifetime benefits. Furthermore, the obligation for pensions relate to the employees of the company Akenes in Lausanne are included.
 
Service awards
Civil servants and certain employees (in the following “employees”) are eligible to receive service awards. In accordance with the legal regulations, eligible employees receive a cash bonus of two months’ salary after 25 years of service and four months’ salary after 40 years of service. Employees with at least 35 years of service when retiring (at the age of 65) or who are retiring based on specific legal regulations are also eligible to receive the service award of four monthly salaries. The obligation is accrued over the period of service, taking into account the employee turnover rate for employees who leave employment prematurely. The main risk that A1 Telekom Austria Group is exposed to is the risk of development of salary increases and changes of interest rates.
Severance
Defined contribution plans
Employees who started work for A1 Telekom Austria Group in Austria on or after January 1, 2003 are covered by a defined contribution plan. In 2022, A1 Telekom Austria Group paid Ps. 66,700 (2021: Ps. 68,425), 1.53% of the salary or wage, into this defined contribution plan (BAWAG Allianz Mitarbeitervorsorgekasse AG).
Defined benefit plans
Severance benefit obligations for employees, whose employment commenced before January 1, 2003, excluding civil servants, are covered by defined benefit plans. Upon termination of employment by A1 Telekom Austria Group or upon retirement, eligible employees receive severance payments. Depending on their time in service, their severance amounts to a multiple of their monthly basic compensation plus variable components such as overtime or bonuses, up to a maximum of twelve monthly salaries. In case of death, the heirs of eligible employees receive 50% of the severance benefits. The primary risks to A1 Telekom Austria Group are salary increases and changes of interest rates.
b) Defined Contribution Plans
Brazil
Claro S.A. makes contributions to the DCP through Embratel Social Security Fund – Telos. Contributions are computed based on the salaries of the employees, who decide on the percentage of their contributions to the plan (participants enrolled before October 31st, 2014 is from 1% to 8% and, for those subscribed after that date, the contribution is from 1% to 7% of their salaries). Claro S.A. contributes the same percentage as the employee, capped at 8% of the participant’s balance for the employees that are eligible to participate in this plan.
At December 31, 2021 and 2022, the balance of the DCP liability was Ps. 274,630 and Ps. 34,775 respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022 the cost of labor were Ps. 2,930, Ps. 61,649 and Ps. 5,021, respectively.
Europe
In Austria, pension benefits are generally provided by the social security system for employees, and by the government for civil servants. The contributions of 12.55% of gross salaries that A1 Telekom Austria Group made to the social security system and the government in Austria as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 amounts to Ps. 1,272,331 and Ps. 1,436,587, respectively. Contributions of the foreign subsidiaries into the respective systems range between 7% and 29% of gross salaries and, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 amounts to Ps. 597,710 and Ps. 601,626, respectively.
Additionally, A1 Telekom Austria Group offers a defined contribution plan for employees of some of its Austrian subsidiaries. A1 Telekom Austria Group’s contributions to this plan are based on a percentage of the compensation not exceeding 5%. In 2022, the annual expenses for this plan amounted to Ps. 252,980 (2021: Ps. 286,195).
 
As of December 31, 2021 and 2022 the liability related to this defined contribution plan amounted to Ps. 114,233 and Ps. 55,937, respectively.
Other countries
For the rest of the countries where the Company operates and that do not have defined benefit plans or defined contribution plans, the Company makes contributions to the respective governmental social security agencies which are recognized in results of operations as they are incurred.
c) Long-term direct employee benefits
 
     Balance at
December 31,
2020
     Effect of
translation
    Increase of
the year
     Payments     Balance at
December 31,
2021
 
Long-term direct employee benefits
   Ps. 8,750,603      Ps. (328,619   Ps. 1,824,693      Ps. (2,320,831   Ps. 7,925,846  
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
           
    
Balance at
December 31,
2021
    
Effect of
translation
   
Increase of
the year
    
Payments
   
Balance at
December 31,
2022
 
Long-term direct employee benefits
  
Ps.
7,925,846
 
  
Ps.
(879,484
 
Ps.
1,376,566
 
  
Ps.
(2,019,176
 
Ps.
6,403,752
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
In 2008, a comprehensive restructuring program was initiated in the segment Austria. The provision for restructuring includes future compensation of employees who will no longer provide services for A1 Telekom Austria Group but who cannot be laid off due to their status as civil servants. These employment contracts are onerous contracts under IAS 37, as the unavoidable cost related to the contractual obligation exceeds the future economic benefit. The restructuring program also includes social plans for employees whose employment will be terminated in a socially responsible way. In 2009 and every year from 2011 to 2020, new social plans were initiated that provide for early retirement, special severance packages and golden handshake options. Due to their nature as termination benefits, these social plans are accounted for according to IAS 19.