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Fair Value Measurements | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements Recurring Fair Value Measurements. As more fully discussed in Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in EOG's 2024 Annual Report, certain of EOG's financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities are reported at fair value on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table provides fair value measurement information within the fair value hierarchy for certain of EOG's financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in millions):
| Fair Value Measurements Using:
| Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Total
At March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Natural Gas Basis Swaps | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |
Brent Crude Oil (Brent) Linked Gas Sales Contract | — |  |  | — |  |  | 116 |  |  | 116 |
Financial Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Natural Gas Swaps | — |  |  | 277 |  |  | — |  |  | 277 |
At December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Financial Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Natural Gas Basis Swaps | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |
Brent Linked Gas Sales Contract | — |  |  | — |  |  | 110 |  |  | 110 |
Financial Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Natural Gas Swaps | — |  |  | 117 |  |  | — |  |  | 117 |
See Note 10 for the balance sheet amounts and classification of EOG's financial commodity and other derivative instruments at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The estimated fair value of financial commodity and other derivative contracts was based upon forward commodity price curves based on quoted market prices. For the Brent Linked Gas Sales Contract, which is described below, the estimated fair value was based on EOG's estimates of (and assumptions regarding) significant Level 3 inputs, as defined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board's Fair Value Measurement Topic of the ASC (ASC 820), including future crude oil and natural gas prices. These Level 3 inputs are immaterial to the financial statements. Financial commodity and other derivative contracts were valued utilizing an independent third-party derivative valuation provider who uses various types of valuation models, as applicable. Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements. The initial measurement of asset retirement obligations at fair value is calculated using discounted cash flow techniques and is based on internal estimates of future retirement costs associated with property, plant and equipment. Significant Level 3 inputs used in the calculation of asset retirement obligations include plugging costs and reserve lives. A reconciliation of EOG's asset retirement obligations is presented in Note 6. When circumstances indicate that proved oil and gas properties may be impaired, EOG compares expected undiscounted future cash flows at a depreciation, depletion and amortization group level to the unamortized capitalized cost of the group. If the expected undiscounted future cash flows, based on EOG's estimate of (and assumptions regarding) future crude oil, NGLs and natural gas prices, operating costs, development expenditures, anticipated production from proved reserves and other relevant data (all Level 3 inputs as defined by ASC 820) are lower than the unamortized capitalized cost, the capitalized cost is reduced to fair value. Fair value is generally calculated using the Income Approach described in ASC 820. In certain instances, EOG utilizes accepted offers from third-party purchasers as the basis for determining fair value. EOG utilized average prices per acre from comparable market transactions and estimated discounted cash flows as the basis for determining the fair value of unproved and proved properties, respectively, received in non-cash property exchanges. See Note 4. Fair Value Disclosures. EOG's financial instruments, other than financial commodity and other derivative contracts, consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and current and long-term debt. The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value. At both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, EOG had outstanding $4,640 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes, which had estimated fair values at such dates of $4,508 million and $4,441 million, respectively. The estimated fair value of debt was based upon quoted market prices and, where such prices were not available, other observable (Level 2) inputs regarding interest rates available to EOG at the end of each respective period.

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- Definition The entire disclosure of the fair value measurement of assets and liabilities, which includes financial instruments measured at fair value that are classified in shareholders' equity, which may be measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Topic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/820/tableOfContent + Details
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