Restructuring and Other Initiatives

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2018

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

We have executed various restructuring and other initiatives and we may execute additional initiatives in the future, if necessary, to streamline manufacturing capacity and other costs to improve the utilization of remaining facilities. To the extent these programs involve voluntary separations, no liabilities are generally recorded until offers to employees are accepted. If employees are involuntarily terminated, a liability is generally recorded at the communication date. Related charges are recorded in Automotive cost of sales and Automotive selling, general and administrative expense. The following table summarizes the reserves and charges related to restructuring and other initiatives, including postemployment benefit reserves and charges:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2018			March 31, 2017
Balance at beginning of period	$	227		$	268
Additions, interest accretion and other	455			40
Payments	(37		)	(22		)
Revisions to estimates and effect of foreign currency	(12		)	10
Balance at end of period	$	633		$	296

In the three months ended March 31, 2018 restructuring and other initiatives primarily included the closure of a facility by the end of May 2018 and other restructuring actions in Korea. We recorded charges of $900 million in GMI consisting of $464 million in non-cash asset impairments, not reflected in the table above, and $436 million in employee separation charges, which are reflected in the table above, in the three months ended March 31, 2018. We expect to incur approximately $100 million in additional employee separation charges and approximately $800 million in cash outflows for employee separations and statutory pension payments, primarily in the three months ending June 30, 2018. Restructuring and other initiatives were insignificant in the three months ended March 31, 2017.