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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of Income before Income Taxes and Equity Income |
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
U.S. income (loss) | $ | 6,388 |  |  | $ | 9,454 |  |  | $ | 9,513 |
Non-U.S. income (loss) | 3,535 |  |  | 1,306 |  |  | 1,902 |
Income (loss) before income taxes and equity income (loss) | $ | 9,924 |  |  | $ | 10,760 |  |  | $ | 11,415 |
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) |
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Current income tax expense (benefit) |  |  |  |  |
U.S. federal | $ | 240 |  |  | $ | 389 |  |  | $ | 20 |
U.S. state and local | 490 |  |  | 368 |  |  | 142 |
Non-U.S. | 874 |  |  | 707 |  |  | 395 |
Total current income tax expense (benefit) | 1,605 |  |  | 1,464 |  |  | 557 |
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) |  |  |  |  |
U.S. federal | (120) |  |  | 263 |  |  | 1,699 |
U.S. state and local | (43) |  |  | 109 |  |  | 229 |
Non-U.S. | (878) |  |  | 53 |  |  | 286 |
Total deferred income tax expense (benefit) | (1,041) |  |  | 425 |  |  | 2,214 |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 563 |  |  | $ | 1,888 |  |  | $ | 2,771 |
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation |
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Income tax expense at U.S. federal statutory income tax rate | $ | 2,084 |  |  | $ | 2,260 |  |  | $ | 2,397 |
State and local tax expense (benefit) | 348 |  |  | 388 |  |  | 301 |
Non-U.S. income taxed at other than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate | 203 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 36 |
U.S. tax impact on Non-U.S. income and activities | (62) |  |  | 5 |  |  | 129 |
Change in valuation allowances | (1,061) |  |  | (392) |  |  | 665 |
Change in tax laws | 25 |  |  | 78 |  |  | (93) |
General business credits and manufacturing incentives | (966) |  |  | (829) |  |  | (492) |
Settlements of prior year tax matters | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |
Realization of basis differences in affiliates | — |  |  | 209 |  |  | (295) |
Foreign currency remeasurement | (62) |  |  | 36 |  |  | 28 |
Other adjustments | 31 |  |  | 102 |  |  | 84 |
Total income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 563 |  |  | $ | 1,888 |  |  | $ | 2,771 |
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities | The following table summarizes the components of temporary differences and carryforwards that give rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities:
| December 31, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Deferred tax assets |  |  |
Postretirement benefits other than pensions | $ | 1,119 |  |  | $ | 1,120 |
Pension and other employee benefit plans | 1,522 |  |  | 997 |
Warranties, dealer and customer allowances, claims and discounts | 3,684 |  |  | 4,341 |
U.S. capitalized research expenditures | 9,879 |  |  | 8,851 |
U.S. operating loss and tax credit carryforwards(a) | 6,033 |  |  | 5,861 |
Non-U.S. operating loss and tax credit carryforwards(b) | 6,204 |  |  | 6,296 |
Miscellaneous | 5,121 |  |  | 2,773 |
Total deferred tax assets before valuation allowances | 33,562 |  |  | 30,240 |
Less: valuation allowances | (6,979) |  |  | (7,744) |
Total deferred tax assets | 26,583 |  |  | 22,495 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment | 4,233 |  |  | 1,957 |
Intangible assets | 699 |  |  | 707 |
Total deferred tax liabilities | 4,932 |  |  | 2,664 |
Net deferred tax assets | $ | 21,651 |  |  | $ | 19,832 |
__________ (a) At December 31, 2023, U.S. operating loss deferred tax assets were $404 million, where $129 million can be carried forward indefinitely and $275 million will expire by 2041, if not utilized. At December 31, 2023, U.S. tax credit carryforwards were $5.6 billion, where $405 million can be carried forward indefinitely and $5.2 billion will expire by 2043, if not utilized. (b) At December 31, 2023, Non-U.S. operating loss deferred tax assets were $6.1 billion, where $5.2 billion can be carried forward indefinitely and $876 million will expire by 2039 if not utilized. At December 31, 2023, Non-U.S. tax credit carryforwards were $135 million, where $109 million can be carried forward indefinitely and $26 million will expire by 2042, if not utilized.
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward | The following table summarizes activity of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits:
| Years Ended December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 520 |  |  | $ | 634 |  |  | $ | 1,086 |
Additions to current year tax positions | 45 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 22 |
Additions to prior years' tax positions | 72 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 46 |
Reductions to prior years' tax positions | (15) |  |  | (98) |  |  | (473) |
Reductions in tax positions due to lapse of statutory limitations | (19) |  |  | (20) |  |  | (17) |
Settlements | (18) |  |  | (10) |  |  | (26) |
Other | — |  |  | (12) |  |  | (4) |
Balance at end of period | $ | 585 |  |  | $ | 520 |  |  | $ | 634 |

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