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Segment Reporting
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Reporting Segment Reporting
We analyze the results of our business through the following reportable segments: GMNA, GMI, Cruise and GM Financial. The chief operating decision-maker evaluates the operating results and performance of our automotive segments and Cruise through EBIT-adjusted, which is presented net of noncontrolling interests. The chief operating decision-maker evaluates GM Financial through EBT-adjusted because interest income and interest expense are part of operating results when assessing and
measuring the operational and financial performance of the segment. Each segment has a manager responsible for executing our strategic initiatives. While not all vehicles within a segment are individually profitable on a fully allocated cost basis, those vehicles attract customers to dealer showrooms and help maintain sales volumes for other, more profitable vehicles and contribute towards meeting required fuel efficiency standards. As a result of these and other factors, we do not manage our business on an individual brand or vehicle basis.

Substantially all of the trucks, crossovers, cars and automobile parts produced are marketed through retail dealers in North America and through distributors and dealers outside of North America, the substantial majority of which are independently owned. In addition to the products sold to dealers for consumer retail sales, trucks, crossovers and cars are also sold to fleet customers, including daily rental car companies, commercial fleet customers, leasing companies and governments. Fleet sales are completed through the dealer network and in some cases directly with fleet customers. Retail and fleet customers can obtain a wide range of after-sale vehicle services and products through the dealer network, such as maintenance, light repairs, collision repairs, vehicle accessories and extended service warranties.

GMNA meets the demands of customers in North America and GMI primarily meets the demands of customers outside North America, with vehicles developed, manufactured and/or marketed under the Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet and GMC brands. We also have equity ownership stakes in entities that meet the demands of customers in other countries, primarily China, with vehicles developed, manufactured and/or marketed under the Baojun, Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet and Wuling brands. Cruise is our global segment responsible for the development and commercialization of AV technology, and includes AV-related engineering and other costs. We provide automotive financing services through our GM Financial segment.

Our automotive interest income and interest expense, legacy costs from the Opel/Vauxhall Business (primarily pension costs), corporate expenditures and certain revenues and expenses that are not part of a reportable segment are recorded centrally in Corporate. Corporate assets primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable debt securities and intersegment balances. All intersegment balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The following tables summarize key financial information by segment:
At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
GMNAGMICorporateEliminationsTotal AutomotiveCruiseGM FinancialEliminations/ReclassificationsTotal
Net sales and revenue$141,445 $15,949 $273 $157,667 $102 $14,225 $(151)$171,842 
Earnings (loss) before interest and taxes-adjusted$12,306 $1,210 $(1,413)$12,103 $(2,695)$2,985 $(35)$12,357 
Adjustments(a)$(1,604)$217 $— $(1,387)$(478)$— $— (1,865)
Automotive interest income1,109 
Automotive interest expense(911)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests(287)
Income (loss) before income taxes10,403 
Income tax benefit (expense)(563)
Net income (loss)9,840 
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests287 
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders$10,127 
Equity in net assets of nonconsolidated affiliates
$2,595 $6,348 $— $— $8,943 $— $1,670 $— $10,613 
Goodwill and intangibles$2,083 $710 $— $— $2,793 $715 $1,354 $— $4,862 
Total assets$155,908 $26,225 $41,271 $(82,858)$140,546 $4,555 $130,780 $(2,817)$273,064 
Expenditures for property$10,147 $522 $15 $— $10,684 $63 $24 $198 $10,970 
Depreciation and amortization$6,146 $589 $21 $— $6,755 $38 $4,944 $— $11,737 
Impairment charges$— $— $— $— $— $209 $— $— $209 
Equity income (loss)(b)$196 $440 $— $— $635 $— $138 $— $773 
__________
(a)    Consists of charges related to the VSP and strategic activities related to Buick dealerships in GMNA; the gain associated with India asset sales and the partial resolution of Korean subcontractor matters in GMI; and charges related to Cruise restructuring.
(b)    Equity earnings related to Ultium Cells Holdings LLC are presented in Automotive and other cost of sales as this entity is integral to the operations of our business by providing battery cells for our EVs. Equity earnings related to Ultium Cells Holdings LLC were $293 million in the year ended December 31, 2023.
At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2022
GMNAGMICorporateEliminationsTotal AutomotiveCruiseGM FinancialEliminations/ReclassificationsTotal
Net sales and revenue$128,378 $15,420 $177 $143,974 $102 $12,766 $(107)$156,735 
Earnings (loss) before interest and taxes-adjusted
$12,988 $1,143 $(1,846)$12,286 $(1,890)$4,076 $2 $14,474 
Adjustments(a)$(411)$(657)$— $(1,068)$(1,057)$— $— (2,125)
Automotive interest income460 
Automotive interest expense(987)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests(226)
Income (loss) before income taxes11,597 
Income tax benefit (expense)(1,888)
Net income (loss)9,708 
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests226 
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders$9,934 
Equity in net assets of nonconsolidated affiliates
$1,820 $6,691 $— $— $8,511 $— $1,665 $— $10,176 
Goodwill and intangibles$2,134 $740 $4 $— $2,877 $727 $1,341 $— $4,945 
Total assets$157,250 $24,808 $60,518 $(104,157)$138,419 $5,510 $121,544 $(1,436)$264,037 
Expenditures for property$8,280 $706 $20 $— $9,007 $197 $44 $(10)$9,238 
Depreciation and amortization$5,800 $513 $21 $— $6,335 $53 $4,888 $— $11,276 
Impairment charges$11 $1 $— $— $12 $— $— $— $12 
Equity income (loss)$(9)$672 $— $— $663 $— $173 $— $837 
__________
(a)    Consists of charges for strategic activities related to Buick dealerships and the resolution of substantially all royalty matters accrued with respect to past-year vehicle sales in GMNA; charges related to the shutdown of our Russia business in GMI; and charges related to the one-time modification of Cruise stock incentive awards.

At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
GMNAGMICorporateEliminationsTotal AutomotiveCruiseGM FinancialEliminations/ReclassificationsTotal
Net sales and revenue$101,308 $12,172 $104 $113,584 $106 $13,419 $(105)$127,004 
Earnings (loss) before interest and taxes-adjusted
$10,318 $827 $(680)$10,465 $(1,196)$5,036 $(10)$14,295 
Adjustments(a)$(425)$(276)$— $(701)$— $— $— (701)
Automotive interest income146 
Automotive interest expense(950)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests
(74)
Income (loss) before income taxes12,716 
Income tax benefit (expense)(2,771)
Net income (loss)9,945 
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests74 
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders$10,019 
Equity in net assets of nonconsolidated affiliates
$827 $7,133 $— $— $7,960 $— $1,717 $— $9,677 
Goodwill and intangibles$2,240 $772 $— $— $3,012 $736 $1,339 $— $5,087 
Total assets$121,735 $22,876 $40,492 $(56,936)$128,167 $4,489 $113,207 $(1,145)$244,718 
Expenditures for property$6,576 $783 $30 $— $7,389 $89 $26 $5 $7,509 
Depreciation and amortization$5,298 $542 $21 $— $5,861 $52 $6,134 $— $12,047 
Impairment charges$— $— $— $— $— $4 $— $— $4 
Equity income (loss)$8 $1,092 $— $— $1,100 $— $201 $— $1,301 
__________
(a)    Consists of royalties accrued with respect to past-year vehicle sales and charges for strategic activities related to Cadillac dealerships in GMNA; and a settlement with certain third parties relating to retrospective recoveries of indirect taxes and an adjustment related to the unique events associated with Korea Supreme Court decisions related to our salaried workers in GMI.
Automotive revenue is attributed to geographic areas based on the country of sale. GM Financial revenue is attributed to the geographic area where the financing is originated. The following table summarizes information concerning principal geographic areas:
At and For the Years Ended December 31,
202320222021
Net Sales and RevenueLong-Lived AssetsNet Sales and RevenueLong-Lived AssetsNet Sales and RevenueLong-Lived Assets
Automotive
U.S.$127,472 $34,142 $116,798 $30,201 $92,771 $27,192 
Non-U.S.30,186 16,054 27,177 14,907 20,819 13,771 
GM Financial
U.S.12,133 27,397 11,035 29,411 11,712 34,452 
Non-U.S.2,051 3,309 1,725 3,431 1,702 3,629 
Total consolidated$171,842 $80,903 $156,735 $77,950 $127,004 $79,044 

No individual country other than the U.S. represented more than 10% of our total net sales and revenue or long-lived assets, other than Mexico, whose long-lived assets were approximately 12%, 11% and 10% of our total long-lived assets at December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.