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Goodwill and Intangible Assets
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill of $1.9 billion consisted of $1.3 billion in GM Financial at December 31, 2024 and 2023, and $569 million and $573 million in Cruise at December 31, 2024 and 2023. In the three months ended December 31, 2024, we performed a goodwill impairment test for Cruise and determined that the goodwill was not impaired.
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Amount
Technology and intellectual property$554 $483 $71 $749 $517 $231 
Brands4,288 1,873 2,415 4,293 1,768 2,526 
Dealer network, customer relationships and other957 793 164 968 784 184 
Total intangible assets$5,799 $3,149 $2,649 $6,010 $3,069 $2,941 

Our amortization expense related to intangible assets was $146 million, $114 million and $139 million in the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. In the year ended December 31, 2024, we recorded $142 million of impairment charges related to the write-off of technology and intellectual property associated with Cruise.

Amortization expense related to intangible assets is estimated to be approximately $141 million in each of the next five years.