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COST OF SALES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Analysis of income and expense [abstract]  
COST OF SALES
COST OF SALES
 
  
Gold
Copper
Other4
Total
For the years ended December 31
2018

2017

2018

2017

2018

2017

2018

2017

Direct mining cost1,2,3

$3,130


$3,063


$344


$274


$7


$28


$3,481


$3,365

Depreciation
1,253

1,529

170

83

34

35

1,457

1,647

Royalty expense
196

206

39

38



235

244

Community relations
42

38

5

4


2

47

44

Total

$4,621


$4,836


$558


$399


$41


$65


$5,220


$5,300

1 
Direct mining cost related to gold and copper includes charges to reduce the cost of inventory to net realizable value of $199 million (2017: $21 million). Refer to note 17.
2 
Direct mining cost related to gold includes the costs of extracting by-products and export duties paid in Argentina.
3 
Includes employee costs of $1,001 million (2017: $1,051 million).
4 
Other includes realized hedge gains and losses and corporate amortization.