11. Noncontrolling Interests

In January 2013, we completed our acquisition of ARCT. Equity issued as consideration for this transaction included common and preferred partnership units issued by Tau Operating Partnership, L.P., or Tau Operating Partnership, the consolidated subsidiary which owns properties acquired through the ARCT acquisition. We and our subsidiaries hold a 99.4% interest in Tau Operating Partnership, and consolidate the entity.

In June 2013, we completed the acquisition of a portfolio of properties by issuing common partnership units in Realty Income, L.P. The units were issued as consideration for the acquisition. At June 30, 2017, the remaining units from this issuance represent a 0.4% ownership in Realty Income, L.P. We hold the remaining 99.6% interests in this entity and consolidate the entity.

Neither of the common partnership units have voting rights. Both common partnership units are entitled to monthly distributions equal to the amount paid to common stockholders of Realty Income, and are redeemable in cash or Realty Income common stock, at our option, and at a conversion ratio of one to one, subject to certain exceptions. Noncontrolling interests with redemption provisions that permit the issuer to settle in either cash or common stock, at the option of the issuer, were evaluated to determine whether temporary or permanent equity classification on the balance sheet was appropriate. We determined that the units meet the requirements to qualify for presentation as permanent equity.

In 2016, we completed the acquisition of two properties by acquiring a controlling interest in two separate joint ventures. We are the managing member of each of these joint ventures, and possess the ability to control the business and manage the affairs of these entities. At June 30, 2017, we and our subsidiaries held 92.4% and 74% interests, respectively, and fully consolidated these entities in our consolidated financial statements. The following table represents the change in the carrying value of all noncontrolling interests through June 30, 2017 (dollars in thousands):

	Tau Operating			Realty Income, L.P.			Other Noncontrolling
	Partnership units(1)			units(2)			Interests			Total
Carrying value at December 31, 2016	$	13,405		$	2,216		$	4,628		$	20,249
Distributions	(401		)	(112		)	(378		)	(891		)
Allocation of net income	124			106			58			288

Carrying value at June 30, 2017	$	13,128		$	2,210		4,308			$	19,646

⁽¹⁾

317,022 Tau Operating Partnership units were issued on January 22, 2013 and remained outstanding as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

⁽²⁾

534,546 Realty Income, L.P. units were issued on June 27, 2013, and 88,182 remain outstanding as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Both Tau Operating Partnership and Realty Income, L.P. are considered VIEs in which we are deemed the primary beneficiary based on our controlling financial interests. Below is a summary of selected financial data of consolidated VIEs, including the joint ventures acquired during 2016, for which we are the primary beneficiary included in the consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands):

	June 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Net real estate	$	2,985,247	$	3,040,903
Total assets	3,428,453		3,499,481
Total debt	223,739		251,047
Total liabilities	329,758		364,797