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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes 8. Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2019, was 17.9%, a decrease from 36.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2018, primarily due to excess tax benefits for stock-based compensation, a reduction in non-deductible employee meals, changes in tax position due to legislative guidance, and a non-recurring prior year tax expense attributable to tax reform in the comparable period.

The effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, was 22.3%, a decrease from 35.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, primarily due to net excess tax benefits for stock-based compensation, a reduction in non-deductible employee meals, changes in tax position due to legislative guidance, and a non-recurring prior year tax expense attributable to tax reform in the comparable period, offset by non-deductible current year reserves related to legal proceedings.