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Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements | 6 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements | Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements The following reconciles cash and equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023 to the total of these amounts shown on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:
(Millions of dollars) | March 31, 2024 |  | September 30, 2023
Cash and equivalents | $ | 2,348 |  |  | $ | 1,416 |
Restricted cash | 46 |  |  | 65 |
Cash and equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 2,394 |  |  | $ | 1,481 |
Cash equivalents consist of all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at time of purchase. Restricted cash consists of cash restricted from withdrawal and usage except for certain product liability matters. The fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:
(Millions of dollars) | Basis of fair value measurement |  | March 31, 2024 |  | September 30, 2023
Institutional money market accounts (a) | Level 1 |  | $ | 411 |  |  | $ | 373 |
Current portion of long-term debt (b) | Level 2 |  | 2,001 |  |  | 1,122 |
Long-term debt (b) | Level 2 |  | 14,763 |  |  | 12,850 |
(a)These financial instruments are recorded within Cash and equivalents on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The institutional money market accounts permit daily redemption. The fair values of these investments are based upon the quoted prices in active markets provided by the holding financial institutions. (b)Long-term debt is recorded at amortized cost. The fair value of long-term debt is measured based upon quoted prices in active markets for similar instruments. Short-term investments are held to their maturities and are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The short-term investments primarily consist of time deposits with maturities greater than three months and less than one year. All other instruments measured by the Company at fair value, including derivatives, contingent consideration liabilities and available-for-sale debt securities, are immaterial to the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. Transfers of Trade Receivables Over the normal course of its business activities, the Company transfers certain trade receivable assets to third parties under factoring agreements. Per the terms of these agreements, the Company surrenders control over its trade receivables upon transfer. Accordingly, the Company accounts for the transfers as sales of trade receivables by recognizing an increase to Cash and equivalents and a decrease to Trade receivables, net when proceeds from the transactions are received. The costs incurred by the Company in connection with factoring activities were not material to its consolidated financial results. The amounts transferred and yet to be remitted under factoring arrangements are provided below.
| Three Months Ended March 31, |  | Six Months Ended March 31,
(Millions of dollars) | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Trade receivables transferred to third parties under factoring arrangements | $ | 361 |  |  | $ | 750 |  |  | $ | 740 |  |  | $ | 1,490 |
| March 31, 2024 |  | September 30, 2023
Amounts yet to be collected and remitted to the third parties | $ | 357 |  |  | $ | 357 |
Supplier Finance Programs The Company has agreements where participating suppliers are provided the ability to receive early payment of the Company’s obligations at a nominal discount through supplier finance programs entered into with third party financial institutions. The Company is not a party to these arrangements, and these programs do not impact the Company’s obligations or affect the Company’s payment terms, which generally range from 90 to 150 days. The agreements with the financial institutions do not require the Company to provide assets pledged as security or other forms of guarantees for the supplier finance programs. The Company had $111 million and $94 million of outstanding payables related to supplier finance programs as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively, which were recorded within Payables, accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 + Details
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