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Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity - CAD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions | Total | Preferred shares [Member] | Common shares [Member] | Contributed Surplus [Member] | Shareholders' Retained Earnings [Member] | Shareholders' accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") [Member] | Participating Policyholders' Equity [Member] | Non-controlling Interests [Member]
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Balance, beginning of year at Dec. 31, 2018 |  | $ 3,822 | $ 22,961 | $ 265 | $ 12,704 | $ 6,212 | $ 94 | $ 1,093
Change in unrealized foreign exchange gains (losses) of net foreign operations | $ (1,933) |  |  |  |  | (1,612) |  |
Exercise of stock options and deferred share units |  |  | $ 104 | (20) |  |  |  |
Net income attributed to non-controlling interests | 233 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 233
Opening adjustment at adoption of IFRS 16 |  |  |  |  | (19) |  | (3) |
Net income (loss) attributed to participating policyholders | (333) |  |  |  |  |  | (333) |
Net Income attributed to shareholders |  |  |  |  | $ 5,602 |  |  |
Change in actuarial gains (losses) on pension and other post-employment plans | 76 |  |  |  |  | 76 |  |
Common shares repurchased (note 11) |  |  | (677) |  | (662) |  |  |
Stock option expense |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  |
Impact of deferred tax asset rate change | (6) |  |  | (2) |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributed to policyholders and non-controlling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  | (1) | 4
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale financial securities | 2,212 |  |  |  |  | 1,775 |  |
Preferred share dividends |  |  |  |  | $ (172) |  |  |
Contributions (distributions/disposal), net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (119)
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges | (28) |  |  |  |  | (16) |  |
Common share dividends |  |  |  |  | (1,965) |  |  |
Issued under dividend reinvestment and share purchase plans |  |  | $ 739 |  |  |  |  |
Change in real estate revaluation reserve | 11 |  |  |  |  | 11 |  |
Share of other comprehensive income (losses) of associates | 1 |  |  |  |  | 1 |  |
Balance, end of year at Dec. 31, 2019 | 50,106 | 3,822 | 23,127 | 254 | 15,488 | 6,447 | (243) | 1,211
Total shareholders' equity, end of year | 49,138 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in unrealized foreign exchange gains (losses) of net foreign operations | (505) |  |  |  |  | (405) |  |
Exercise of stock options and deferred share units |  |  | $ 36 | (7) |  |  |  |
Net income attributed to non-controlling interests | 250 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 250
Opening adjustment at adoption of IFRS 16 |  |  |  |  | 0 |  | 0 |
Net income (loss) attributed to participating policyholders | (545) |  |  |  |  |  | (545) |
Net Income attributed to shareholders |  |  |  |  | $ 5,871 |  |  |
Change in actuarial gains (losses) on pension and other post-employment plans | 37 |  |  |  |  | 37 |  |
Common shares repurchased (note 11) |  |  | (121) |  | (132) |  |  |
Stock option expense |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  |
Impact of deferred tax asset rate change | (25) |  |  | 0 |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributed to policyholders and non-controlling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 | 4
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale financial securities | 2,506 |  |  |  |  | 325 |  |
Preferred share dividends |  |  |  |  | $ (171) |  |  |
Contributions (distributions/disposal), net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (10)
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges | (81) |  |  |  |  | (86) |  |
Common share dividends |  |  |  |  | (2,169) |  |  |
Issued under dividend reinvestment and share purchase plans |  |  | $ 0 |  |  |  |  |
Change in real estate revaluation reserve | 5 |  |  |  |  | 3 |  |
Share of other comprehensive income (losses) of associates | 2 |  |  |  |  | 2 |  |
Balance, end of year at Dec. 31, 2020 | 53,006 | $ 3,822 | $ 23,042 | $ 261 | $ 18,887 | $ 6,323 | $ (784) | $ 1,455
Total shareholders' equity, end of year | $ 52,335 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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