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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income tax expense for continuing operations including noncontrolling interests | Details of income tax expense for continuing operations including noncontrolling interests were as follows:
| Dominion | Virginia Power | Dominion Gas
Year Ended December 31, | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |
(millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | (155 | ) | $ | (24 | ) | $ | (11 | ) | $ | 168 |  | $ | 316 |  | $ | 85 |  | $ | (27 | ) | $ | 90 |  | $ | 86 |
State | 85 |  | 75 |  | 14 |  | 90 |  | 92 |  | 67 |  | 4 |  | 30 |  | 32 |
Total current expense (benefit) | (70 | ) | 51 |  | 3 |  | 258 |  | 408 |  | 152 |  | (23 | ) | 120 |  | 118 |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxes before operating loss carryforwards and investment tax credits | 1,050 |  | 384 |  | 956 |  | 435 |  | 154 |  | 381 |  | 239 |  | 156 |  | 192 |
Tax utilization (benefit) of operating loss carryforwards | (161 | ) | 539 |  | (352 | ) | (2 | ) | 96 |  | — |  | (2 | ) | 6 |  | — |
Investment tax credits | (248 | ) | (134 | ) | (152 | ) | (25 | ) | (11 | ) | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
State | 50 |  | 66 |  | (2 | ) | 27 |  | 13 |  | 16 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 24 |
Total deferred expense | 691 |  | 855 |  | 450 |  | 435 |  | 252 |  | 397 |  | 238 |  | 163 |  | 216 |
Investment tax credit - gross deferral | 35 |  | — |  | — |  | 35 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Investment tax credit - amortization | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | — |  | — |  | — |
Total income tax expense | $ | 655 |  | $ | 905 |  | $ | 452 |  | $ | 727 |  | $ | 659 |  | $ | 548 |  | $ | 215 |  | $ | 283 |  | $ | 334 |
Effective income tax | For continuing operations including noncontrolling interests, the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate reconciles to the Companies' effective income tax rate as follows:
| Dominion | Virginia Power | Dominion Gas
Year Ended December 31, | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |
U.S. statutory rate | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | %
Increases (reductions) resulting from: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State taxes, net of federal benefit | 2.4 |  | 3.7 |  | — |  | 3.8 |  | 3.9 |  | 3.8 |  | 0.5 |  | 2.7 |  | 4.4 |
Investment tax credits | (11.7 | ) | (4.7 | ) | (8.6 | ) | — |  | (0.6 | ) | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Production tax credits | (0.8 | ) | (0.8 | ) | (1.2 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (0.6 | ) | — |  | — |  | — |
Valuation allowances | 1.2 |  | (0.3 | ) | 0.7 |  | 0.1 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
AFUDC - equity | (0.6 | ) | (0.3 | ) | — |  | (0.6 | ) | (0.6 | ) | — |  | (0.2 | ) | 0.2 |  | — |
Legislative change | (0.6 | ) | (0.1 | ) | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Employee stock ownership plan deduction | (0.6 | ) | (0.6 | ) | (0.9 | ) | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Other, net | (1.4 | ) | 0.1 |  | 0.4 |  | (0.3 | ) | 0.6 |  | 0.8 |  | 0.1 |  | 0.3 |  | 0.1 |
Effective tax rate | 22.9 | % | 32.0 | % | 25.4 | % | 37.4 | % | 37.7 | % | 39.0 | % | 35.4 | % | 38.2 | % | 39.5 | %
Deferred income taxes components | The Companies' deferred income taxes consist of the following:
| Dominion | Virginia Power | Dominion Gas
At December 31, | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |
(millions) |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |
Total deferred income tax assets | $ | 1,827 |  | $ | 1,152 |  | $ | 268 |  | $ | 164 |  | $ | 126 |  | $ | 129 |
Total deferred income tax liabilities | 10,381 |  | 8,552 |  | 5,323 |  | 4,805 |  | 2,564 |  | 2,343 |
Total net deferred income tax liabilities | $ | 8,554 |  | $ | 7,400 |  | $ | 5,055 |  | $ | 4,641 |  | $ | 2,438 |  | $ | 2,214 |
Total deferred income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Plant and equipment, primarily depreciation method and basis differences | $ | 7,782 |  | $ | 6,299 |  | $ | 4,604 |  | $ | 4,133 |  | $ | 1,726 |  | $ | 1,541 |
Nuclear decommissioning | 1,240 |  | 1,158 |  | 406 |  | 378 |  | — |  | — |
Deferred state income taxes | 747 |  | 646 |  | 321 |  | 302 |  | 204 |  | 205 |
Federal benefit of deferred state income taxes | (261 | ) | (226 | ) | (112 | ) | (106 | ) | (71 | ) | (72 | )
Deferred fuel, purchased energy and gas costs | (25 | ) | (1 | ) | (29 | ) | (3 | ) | 4 |  | 1 |
Pension benefits | 155 |  | 291 |  | (138 | ) | (99 | ) | 646 |  | 613 |
Other postretirement benefits | (68 | ) | (15 | ) | 49 |  | 30 |  | (6 | ) | (7 | )
Loss and credit carryforwards | (1,547 | ) | (1,004 | ) | (88 | ) | (53 | ) | (5 | ) | (4 | )
Valuation allowances | 135 |  | 73 |  | 3 |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Partnership basis differences | 688 |  | 367 |  | — |  | — |  | 43 |  | 41 |
Other | (292 | ) | (188 | ) | 39 |  | 59 |  | (103 | ) | (104 | )
Total net deferred income tax liabilities | $ | 8,554 |  | $ | 7,400 |  | $ | 5,055 |  | $ | 4,641 |  | $ | 2,438 |  | $ | 2,214 |
Deferred investment tax credits - regulated operations | 48 |  | 14 |  | 48 |  | 13 |  | — |  | — |
Total deferred taxes and deferred investment tax credits | $ | 8,602 |  | $ | 7,414 |  | $ | 5,103 |  | $ | 4,654 |  | $ | 2,438 |  | $ | 2,214 |
Summary of deductible loss and credit carryforwards | At December 31, 2016, Dominion had the following deductible loss and credit carryforwards:
| Deductible amount |  | Deferred tax asset |  | Valuation allowance |  | Expiration period
(millions) |  |  |  |
Federal losses | $ | 1,060 |  | $ | 358 |  | $ | — |  | 2031-2036
Federal investment credits | — |  | 708 |  | — |  | 2033-2036
Federal production credits | — |  | 102 |  | — |  | 2031-2036
Other federal credits | — |  | 48 |  | — |  | 2031-2036
State losses | 1,383 |  | 102 |  | (59 | ) | 2018-2034
State minimum tax credits | — |  | 135 |  | — |  | No expiration
State investment tax credits | — |  | 94 |  | (76 | ) | 2017-2027
Total |  |  | $ | 1,547 |  | $ | (135 | ) |
At December 31, 2016, Virginia Power had the following deductible loss and credit carryforwards:
| Deductible amount |  | Deferred tax asset |  | Valuation allowance |  | Expiration period
(millions) |  |  |  |
Federal losses | $ | 12 |  | $ | 3 |  | $ | — |  | 2031-2034
Federal investment credits | — |  | 40 |  | — |  | 2034-2036
Federal production and other credits | — |  | 35 |  | — |  | 2031-2036
State investment credits | — |  | 10 |  | (3 | ) | 2018-2024
Total |  |  | $ | 88 |  | $ | (3 | ) |
At December 31, 2016, Dominion Gas had the following deductible loss and credit carryforwards:
| Deductible amount |  | Deferred tax asset |  | Valuation allowance |  | Expiration period
(millions) |  |  |  |
Federal losses | $ | 14 |  | $ | 4 |  | $ | — |  | 2031-2036
Other federal credits | — |  | 1 |  | — |  | 2032-2035
Total |  |  | $ | 5 |  | $ | — |  |
Reconciliation of changes in unrecognized tax benefits | A reconciliation of changes in the Companies' unrecognized tax benefits follows:
| Dominion | Virginia Power | Dominion Gas
| 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |  | 2016 |  | 2015 |  | 2014 |
(millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance at January 1 | $ | 103 |  | $ | 145 |  | $ | 222 |  | $ | 12 |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | 39 |  | $ | 29 |  | $ | 29 |  | $ | 29 |
Increases-prior period positions | 9 |  | 2 |  | 24 |  | 4 |  | — |  | 2 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |
Decreases-prior period positions | (44 | ) | (40 | ) | (26 | ) | (3 | ) | (25 | ) | (16 | ) | (19 | ) | — |  | — |
Increases-current period positions | 6 |  | 8 |  | 16 |  | — |  | 1 |  | 11 |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Settlements with tax authorities | (8 | ) | (5 | ) | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (4 | ) | — |  | — |
Expiration of statutes of limitations | (2 | ) | (7 | ) | (91 | ) | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Balance at December 31 | $ | 64 |  | $ | 103 |  | $ | 145 |  | $ | 13 |  | $ | 12 |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | 7 |  | $ | 29 |  | $ | 29 |
Earliest tax year remaining | For each of the major states in which Dominion operates, the earliest tax year remaining open for examination is as follows:
State | Earliest Open Tax Year
Pennsylvania(1) | 2012
Connecticut | 2013
Virginia(2) | 2013
West Virginia(1) | 2013
New York(1) | 2007
(1) | Considered a major state for Dominion Gas' operations.
(2) | Considered a major state for Virginia Power's operations.

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6907707&loc=d3e32639-109319 + Details
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