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Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill And Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Intangible Assets | 7. Intangible Assets Intangible assets consist of the following:
| (Stated in millions) |
| 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
| Gross |  |  | Accumulated |  |  | Net Book |  |  | Gross |  |  | Accumulated |  |  | Net Book |
| Book Value |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Value |  |  | Book Value |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Value |
Customer Relationships | $ | 1,680 |  |  | $ | 631 |  |  | $ | 1,049 |  |  | $ | 1,681 |  |  | $ | 551 |  |  | $ | 1,130 |
Technology/Technical Know-How |  | 1,280 |  |  |  | 676 |  |  |  | 604 |  |  |  | 1,264 |  |  |  | 562 |  |  |  | 702 |
Tradenames |  | 767 |  |  |  | 222 |  |  |  | 545 |  |  |  | 766 |  |  |  | 191 |  |  |  | 575 |
Other |  | 1,657 |  |  |  | 863 |  |  |  | 794 |  |  |  | 1,578 |  |  |  | 774 |  |  |  | 804 |
| $ | 5,384 |  |  | $ | 2,392 |  |  | $ | 2,992 |  |  | $ | 5,289 |  |  | $ | 2,078 |  |  | $ | 3,211 |
Customer relationships are generally amortized over periods ranging from 18 to 28 years, technology/technical know-how are generally amortized over periods ranging from 10 to 18 years, and tradenames are generally amortized over periods ranging from 15 to 30 years. Amortization expense was $301 million in 2022, $302 million in 2021, and $371 million in 2020. Based on the carrying value of intangible assets at December 31, 2022, amortization expense for the subsequent five years is estimated to be as follows: 2023: $289 million, 2024: $281 million, 2025: $265 million, 2026: $260 million and 2027: $253 million.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for all or part of the information related to intangible assets. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -SubTopic 30 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/subtopic&trid=2144471 + Details
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