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Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Intangible Assets | 8. Intangible Assets Intangible assets consist of the following:
| (Stated in millions) |
| 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
| Gross |  |  | Accumulated |  |  | Net Book |  |  | Gross |  |  | Accumulated |  |  | Net Book |
| Book Value |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Value |  |  | Book Value |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Value |
Customer Relationships | $ | 1,887 |  |  | $ | 709 |  |  | $ | 1,178 |  |  | $ | 1,680 |  |  | $ | 631 |  |  | $ | 1,049 |
Technology/Technical Know-How |  | 1,516 |  |  |  | 770 |  |  |  | 746 |  |  |  | 1,280 |  |  |  | 676 |  |  |  | 604 |
Tradenames |  | 795 |  |  |  | 265 |  |  |  | 530 |  |  |  | 767 |  |  |  | 222 |  |  |  | 545 |
Other |  | 1,582 |  |  |  | 797 |  |  |  | 785 |  |  |  | 1,657 |  |  |  | 863 |  |  |  | 794 |
| $ | 5,780 |  |  | $ | 2,541 |  |  | $ | 3,239 |  |  | $ | 5,384 |  |  | $ | 2,392 |  |  | $ | 2,992 |
Customer relationships are generally amortized over periods ranging from 18 to 28 years, technology/technical know-how are generally amortized over periods ranging from 10 to 18 years, and tradenames are generally amortized over periods ranging from 15 to 30 years. Amortization expense was $314 million in 2023, $301 million in 2022, and $302 million in 2021. Based on the carrying value of intangible assets at December 31, 2023, amortization expense for the subsequent five years is estimated to be as follows: 2024: $308 million, 2025: $304 million, 2026: $296 million, 2027: $292 million and 2028: $283 million.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for all or part of the information related to intangible assets. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 350 -SubTopic 30 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//350-30/tableOfContent + Details
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