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Principal activities and organization (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Principal activities and organization |
Schedule of percentage of legal ownership in major subsidiaries, VIEs and VIEs' subsidiaries | As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s major subsidiaries, consolidated VIEs and consolidated VIEs’ subsidiaries are as follows:
|  | Equity interest held |  | Place and date of incorporation
Subsidiaries |  |  |  |
Beijing Jingdong Century Trade Co., Ltd. (“Jingdong Century”) |  | 100% |  | Beijing, China, April 2007
Jiangsu Jingdong Information Technology Co., Ltd. |  | 100% |  | Jiangsu, China, June 2009
Shanghai Shengdayuan Information Technology Co., Ltd. |  | 100% |  | Shanghai, China, April 2011
JD Logistics Holding Limited |  | 63% |  | Hong Kong, China, August 2011
Jingdong Technology Group Corporation |  | 100% |  | Cayman Islands, November 2011
JINGDONG Property, Inc. |  | 75% |  | Cayman Islands, January 2012
JD Logistics, Inc. |  | 63% |  | Cayman Islands, January 2012
Jingdong E-Commerce (Trade) Hong Kong Co., Ltd. |  | 100% |  | Hong Kong, China, February 2012
JD.com International Limited |  | 100% |  | Hong Kong, China, February 2012
Beijing Jingdong Shangke Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Shangke”) |  | 100% |  | Beijing, China, March 2012
Chongqing Jingdong Haijia E-commerce Co., Ltd. (“Chongqing Haijia”) |  | 100% |  | Chongqing, China, June 2014
JD.com Investment Limited |  | 100% |  | British Virgin Islands (“BVI”), January 2015
JD Asia Development Limited |  | 75% |  | British Virgin Islands, February 2015
Suqian Hanbang Investment Management Co., Ltd. |  | 100% |  | Jiangsu, China, January 2016
Jiangsu Xinchuan Hailian Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd. (formerly known as Xi’an Jingxundi Supply Chain Technology Co., Ltd.) |  | 63% |  | Jiangsu, China, May 2017
JD Assets Holding Limited |  | 100% |  | Cayman Islands, March 2018
JD Property Holding Limited |  | 100% |  | Cayman Islands, March 2018
Beijing Wodong Tianjun Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Wodong Tianjun”) |  | 100% |  | Beijing, China, May 2018
JD Health International Inc. |  | 67% |  | Cayman Islands, November 2018
JD Jiankang Limited |  | 100% |  | British Virgin Islands, April 2019
JD Industrial Technology Limited |  | 100% |  | British Virgin Islands, October 2019
JINGDONG Industrials, Inc. |  | 78% |  | Cayman Islands, November 2019
Jingdong Logistics Supply Chain Co., Ltd. |  | 63% |  | Jiangsu, China, June 2020
Jiangsu Huiji Space Technology Co., Ltd. |  | 100% |  | Jiangsu, China, March 2019
JD Sunflower Investment Limited |  | 100% |  | British Virgin Islands, February 2016
Windcreek Limited |  | 100% |  | British Virgin Islands, January 2016
Dada Nexus Limited |  | 63% |  | Cayman Islands, July 2014
Consolidated VIEs |  |  |  |
Beijing Jingdong 360 Degree E-commerce Co., Ltd. (“Jingdong 360”) |  |  |  | Beijing, China, April 2007
Jiangsu Yuanzhou E-commerce Co., Ltd. (“Jiangsu Yuanzhou”) |  |  |  | Jiangsu, China, September 2010
Jiangsu Jingdong Bangneng Investment Management Co., Ltd. (“Jingdong Bangneng”) |  |  |  | Jiangsu, China, August 2015
Xi’an Jingdong Xincheng Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Xi’an Jingdong Xincheng”) |  |  |  | Shaanxi, China, June 2017
Suqian Hanyu Technology Co., Ltd. (“Suqian Hanyu”) |  |  |  | Jiangsu, China, December 2024
Consolidated VIEs’ Subsidiaries |  |  |  |
Beijing Jingbangda Trade Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Jingbangda”) |  |  |  | Beijing, China, August 2012
Suqian Juhe Digital Enterprise Management Co., Ltd. (“Suqian Juhe”) |  |  |  | Jiangsu, China, June 2020
Schedule of consolidated financial information | The following table sets forth the assets, liabilities, results of operations and changes in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash of the consolidated VIEs (where appropriate, the term “VIEs” also refers to its subsidiaries as a whole) structured by the Contractual Agreements, which have eliminated the intercompany transactions within the consolidated VIEs:
|  | As of December 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |
|  | (RMB in millions) |
Total assets |  |  | 81,301 |  |  |  | 85,451 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 74,855 |  |  |  | 71,509 |
|  | For the year ended December 31, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |
|  | (RMB in millions) |
Total net revenues |  |  | 134,516 |  |  |  | 145,795 |  |  |  | 166,067 |
Net income |  |  | 1,137 |  |  |  | 2,503 |  |  |  | 6,263 |
|  | For the year ended December 31, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |
|  | (RMB in millions) |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  | 5,434 |  |  |  | 3,291 |  |  |  | 10,968 |
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities |  |  | (4,498 | ) |  |  | 3,324 |  |  |  | (3,482 | )
Net cash used in financing activities |  |  | (1,306 | ) |  |  | (900 | ) |  |  | (9,782 | )
Net increase/(decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash |  |  | (370 | ) |  |  | 5,715 |  |  |  | (2,296 | )
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year |  |  | 5,560 |  |  |  | 5,190 |  |  |  | 10,905 |
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of year |  |  | 5,190 |  |  |  | 10,905 |  |  |  | 8,609 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 3 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 5A -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-5A Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-9 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-4 Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 810 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 6 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-6 + Details
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