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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets | GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS GOODWILL The changes in the carrying value of goodwill are detailed below by segment:
| Oilfield Services | Oilfield Equipment | Turbo- machinery & Process Solutions | Digital Solutions | Total
Balance at December 31, 2020, gross | $ | 15,656 |  | $ | 4,162 |  | $ | 2,234 |  | $ | 2,452 |  | $ | 24,504 |
Accumulated impairment at December 31, 2020 | (14,117) |  | (4,156) |  | — |  | (254) |  | (18,527) |
Balance at December 31, 2020 | 1,539 |  | 6 |  | 2,234 |  | 2,198 |  | 5,977 |
Currency exchange and other | 10 |  | (3) |  | (62) |  | 37 |  | (18) |
Balance at December 31, 2021 | 1,549 |  | 3 |  | 2,172 |  | 2,235 |  | 5,959 |
Currency exchange, impairment and other | 4 |  | (3) |  | (92) |  | (41) |  | (132) |
Total | 1,553 |  | — |  | 2,080 |  | 2,194 |  | 5,827 |
Classified as held for sale (1) | (161) |  | — |  | — |  | (231) |  | (392) |
Balance at September 30, 2022 | $ | 1,392 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 2,080 |  | $ | 1,963 |  | $ | 5,435 |
(1)The reduction in Oilfield Services ("OFS") and Digital Solutions ("DS") goodwill relates to transferring our OFS Russia business and DS Nexus Controls business to held for sale, respectively. See "Note 18. Businesses Held for Sale" for further information. We perform our annual goodwill impairment test for each of our reporting units as of July 1 of each fiscal year, in conjunction with our annual strategic planning process. Our reporting units are the same as our four reportable segments. We also test goodwill for impairment whenever events or circumstances occur which, in our judgment, could more likely than not reduce the fair value of one or more reporting units below its carrying value. Potential impairment indicators include, but are not limited to, (i) the results of our most recent annual or interim impairment testing, in particular the magnitude of the excess of fair value over carrying value observed, (ii) downward revisions to internal forecasts, and the magnitude thereof, if any, and (iii) declines in our market capitalization below our book value, and the magnitude and duration of those declines, if any. During the third quarter of 2022, we completed our annual impairment test and determined that the fair value was substantially in excess of the carrying value for each reporting unit except for Oilfield Equipment resulting in an immaterial impairment of the residual amount of goodwill for this reporting unit. There can be no assurances that future sustained declines in macroeconomic or business conditions affecting our industry will not occur, which could result in goodwill impairment charges in future periods. OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS Intangible assets are comprised of the following:
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021
| Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Net
Customer relationships | $ | 1,789 |  | $ | (701) |  | $ | 1,088 |  | $ | 1,922 |  | $ | (752) |  | $ | 1,170 |
Technology | 1,089 |  | (763) |  | 326 |  | 1,090 |  | (747) |  | 343 |
Trade names and trademarks | 288 |  | (174) |  | 114 |  | 292 |  | (169) |  | 123 |
Capitalized software | 1,249 |  | (999) |  | 250 |  | 1,311 |  | (1,057) |  | 254 |
Finite-lived intangible assets | 4,415 |  | (2,637) |  | 1,778 |  | 4,615 |  | (2,725) |  | 1,890 |
Indefinite-lived intangible assets | 2,202 |  | — |  | 2,202 |  | 2,241 |  | — |  | 2,241 |
Total intangible assets (1) | $ | 6,617 |  | $ | (2,637) |  | $ | 3,980 |  | $ | 6,856 |  | $ | (2,725) |  | $ | 4,131 |
(1)During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded intangible asset impairments to customer relationships of $12 million and capitalized software of $5 million. See "Note 17. Restructuring, Impairment and Other" for further information. Intangible assets are generally amortized on a straight-line basis with estimated useful lives ranging from 1 to 35 years. Amortization expense for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $54 million and $59 million, respectively, and $164 million and $193 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for the remainder of 2022 and each of the subsequent five fiscal years is expected to be as follows:
Year | Estimated Amortization Expense
Remainder of 2022 | $ | 54 |
2023 | 207 |
2024 | 194 |
2025 | 154 |
2026 | 109 |
2027 | 87 |

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