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EMPLOYEE SEPARATION ACTIONS AND EXIT AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2026
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract] |
EMPLOYEE SEPARATION ACTIONS AND EXIT AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES | EMPLOYEE SEPARATION ACTIONS AND EXIT AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES We generally record costs associated with voluntary separations at the time of employee acceptance. We generally record costs associated with involuntary separation programs when management has approved the plan for separation, the affected employees are identified, and it is unlikely that actions required to complete the separation plan will change significantly. Costs associated with benefits that are contingent on the employee continuing to provide service are accrued over the required service period. Company excluding Ford Credit Employee separation actions and exit and disposal activities include employee separation costs, facility and other asset-related charges (e.g., impairment, accelerated depreciation), dealer and supplier payments, other statutory and contractual obligations, and other expenses, which are recorded in Cost of sales and Selling, administrative, and other expenses. The following table summarizes the activities (primarily hourly and salaried worker separation programs in Europe, which are expected to be substantially complete by the end of 2027) for the periods ended June 30, which are recorded in Other liabilities and deferred revenue (in millions):
| Second Quarter |  | First Half
| 2025 |  | 2026 |  | 2025 |  | 2026
Beginning balance | $ | 999 |  |  | $ | 1,029 |  |  | $ | 1,098 |  |  | $ | 1,457 |
Changes in accruals (a) | 51 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 98 |  |  | 395 |
Payments | (67) |  |  | (125) |  |  | (245) |  |  | (895) |
Foreign currency translation and other | 67 |  |  | (7) |  |  | 99 |  |  | (33) |
Ending balance | $ | 1,050 |  |  | $ | 924 |  |  | $ | 1,050 |  |  | $ | 924 |
__________ (a)Excludes pension costs of $11 million and $14 million in the second quarter of 2025 and 2026, respectively, and $35 million and $82 million in the first half of 2025 and 2026, respectively. We estimate that we will incur total charges in 2026 that range between $500 million and $1 billion related to initiated actions, primarily attributable to employee separations; some charges are related to plans that are subject to negotiations with a works council, union, or other social partner. In addition, we continue to review our global businesses and may take additional restructuring actions where a path to sustained profitability is not feasible.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for restructuring and related activities. Description of restructuring activities such as exit and disposal activities, include facts and circumstances leading to the plan, the expected plan completion date, the major types of costs associated with the plan activities, total expected costs, the accrual balance at the end of the period, and the periods over which the remaining accrual will be settled. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482017/420-10-50-1 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section S99 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.P.4.e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479823/420-10-S99-2 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (b)(2) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482017/420-10-50-1 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/420/tableOfContent Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 420 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482017/420-10-50-1 + Details
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