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Fair Value Measurements
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
Topic 820 of the FASB ASC defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Topic 820 also establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

•Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
•Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

There have been no significant changes to the valuation techniques and inputs used to develop the recurring fair value measurements from those disclosed in our 2020 Annual Report.
The following tables present the fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands):
As of September 30, 2021
Fair Value Measured and Recorded Using
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Available for sale securities:
Debt securities:
U.S. treasury securities$7,108 $— $— $7,108 
Debt securities issued by U.S. federal agencies— 9,825 — 9,825 
Corporate debt securities— 50,551 — 50,551 
Asset-backed securities— 3,669 — 3,669 
Collateralized mortgage obligations— 776 — 776 
Total available for sale debt securities7,108 64,821 — 71,929 
Equity securities69,539 — — 69,539 
Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries— — 283,965 283,965 
Warehouse receivables— 1,409,038 — 1,409,038 
Total assets at fair value$76,647 $1,473,859 $283,965 $1,834,471 
Liabilities
Warrant liabilities$16,603 — — $16,603 
Other liabilities— — 10,700 10,700 
Total liabilities at fair value$16,603 $— $10,700 $27,303 
As of December 31, 2020
Fair Value Measured and Recorded Using
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets
Available for sale securities:
Debt securities:
U.S. treasury securities$7,270 $— $— $7,270 
Debt securities issued by U.S. federal agencies— 10,216 — 10,216 
Corporate debt securities— 51,244 — 51,244 
Asset-backed securities— 3,801 — 3,801 
Collateralized mortgage obligations— 1,369 — 1,369 
Total available for sale debt securities7,270 66,630 — 73,900 
Equity securities43,334 — — 43,334 
Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries— — 50,000 50,000 
Warehouse receivables— 1,411,170 — 1,411,170 
Total assets at fair value$50,604 $1,477,800 $50,000 $1,578,404 

We classify certain investments as level 3 in the fair value hierarchy which represent investments in non-public entities where we elected the fair value option. The valuation of these investments is determined utilizing recent market activity as well as income and/or market approach valuation methodologies. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries at fair value using NAV were $113.7 million and $66.3 million, respectively. These investments fall under practical expedient rules that do not require them to be included in the fair value hierarchy and as a result have been excluded from the tables above.
The tables below present a reconciliation for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (dollars in thousands):
Investment in Unconsolidated SubsidiariesOther liabilities
Balance as of June 30, 2021$265,531 $— 
Net change in fair value18,434 10,700 
Balance as of September 30, 2021$283,965 $10,700 
Balance as of December 31, 2020$50,000 $— 
Transfer in5,174 — 
Net change in fair value28,434 10,700 
Purchases/ Additions200,357 — 
Balance as of September 30, 2021$283,965 $10,700 
Net change in fair value, included in the table above, is reported in Net income as follows:
Category of Assets/Liabilities using Unobservable InputsConsolidated Statements of Operations
Investments in unconsolidated subsidiariesEquity income from unconsolidated subsidiaries
Other liabilitiesOther income
There were no significant non-recurring fair value measurements recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
There were no significant non-recurring fair value measurement recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2020. The following non-recurring fair value measurements were recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 (dollars in thousands):
Net Carrying Value as of September 30, 2020Fair Value Measured and Recorded UsingTotal Impairment Charges for the
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Level 1Level 2Level 3
Property and equipment$9,565 $— $— $9,565 $21,663 
Goodwill431,389 — — 431,389 25,000 
Other intangible assets12,842 — — 12,842 28,508 
Total$453,796 $— $— $453,796 $75,171 

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $50.2 million of non-cash asset impairment charges in our Global Workplace Solutions segment and a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $25.0 million in our Real Estate Investments segment. Primarily as a result of the global economic disruption and uncertainty due to Covid-19, we deemed there to be triggering events in the first quarter of 2020 that required testing of goodwill and certain assets for impairment at that time. Based on these tests, we recorded the aforementioned non-cash impairment charges, which were primarily driven by lower anticipated cash flows in certain businesses directly resulting from a downturn in forecasts as well as increased forecast risk due to Covid-19 and changes in our business going forward. These asset impairment charges were included within the line item “Asset impairments” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The fair value measurements employed for our impairment evaluations were based on a discounted cash flow approach. Inputs used in these evaluations included risk-free rates of return, estimated risk premiums, terminal growth rates, working capital assumptions, income tax rates as well as other economic variables.

FASB ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments” requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Our financial instruments are as follows:
•Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash – These balances include cash and cash equivalents as well as restricted cash with maturities of less than three months. The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
•Receivables, less Allowance for Doubtful Accounts – Due to their short-term nature, fair value approximates carrying value.
•Warehouse Receivables – These balances are carried at fair value. The primary source of value is either a contractual purchase commitment from Freddie Mac or a confirmed forward trade commitment for the issuance and purchase of a Fannie Mae or Ginnie Mae MBS (see Note 3).
•Investments in Unconsolidated Subsidiaries – A portion of these investments are carried at fair value as discussed above.
•Available for Sale Debt Securities – Primarily held by our wholly-owned captive insurance company, these investments are carried at their fair value.
•Equity Securities – Primarily held by our wholly-owned captive insurance company, these investments are carried at their fair value.
•Investments Held in Trust - special purpose acquisition company – Funds received as part of the initial public offering of CBRE Acquisition Holdings, Inc. have been deposited in an interest-bearing U.S. based trust account. The funds will be invested only in specified U.S. government treasury bills with a maturity of 180 days or less or in money market funds. The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
•Warrant liabilities - A liability of CBRE Acquisition Holdings, Inc., the redeemable warrants are separately traded on the NYSE under the symbol “CBAH.WS.” These warrants are carried at fair value, which was determined at quoted trading price of these instruments.
•Other liabilities - Represents the fair value of the unfunded commitment related to a revolving facility in our Advisory Services segment. Valuations are based on discounted cash flow techniques, for which the significant inputs are the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, market comparables and recovery assumptions.
•Short-Term Borrowings – The majority of this balance represents outstanding amounts under our warehouse lines of credit of our wholly-owned subsidiary, CBRE Capital Markets. Due to the short-term nature and variable interest rates of these instruments, fair value approximates carrying value (see Notes 3 and 8).
•Senior Term Loans – Based upon information from third-party banks (which falls within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy), the estimated fair value of our senior term loans was approximately $761.6 million and $772.2 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Their actual carrying value, net of unamortized debt issuance costs, totaled $760.8 million and $785.7 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively (see Note 8).
•Senior Notes – Based on dealers’ quotes (which falls within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy), the estimated fair value of our 4.875% senior notes was $684.0 million and $702.5 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The actual carrying value of our 4.875% senior notes, net of unamortized debt issuance costs and discount, totaled $595.2 million and $594.5 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The estimated fair value of our 2.500% senior notes was $505.1 million as of September 30, 2021. The actual carrying value of our 2.500% senior notes, net of unamortized debt issuance costs and discount, totaled $487.9 million at September 30, 2021. On December 28, 2020, we redeemed the $425.0 million aggregate outstanding principal amount of our 5.25% senior notes in full (See Note 8).
•Notes Payable on Real Estate - As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the carrying value of our notes payable on real estate, net of unamortized debt issuance costs, was $73.6 million and $79.6 million, respectively. These notes payable were not recourse to CBRE Group, Inc., except for being recourse to the single-purpose entities that held the real estate assets and were the primary obligors on the notes payable. These borrowings have either fixed interest rates or floating interest rates at spreads added to a market index. Although it is possible that certain portions of our notes payable on real estate may have fair values that differ from their carrying values, based on the terms of such loans as compared to current market conditions, or other factors specific to the borrower entity, we do not believe that the fair value of our notes payable is significantly different than their carrying value.