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Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2019
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets |
8. | GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill The Company had two reporting units, Baidu Core and iQIYI, as of December 31 , 2018 and 2019. The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for each reporting unit from 2018 to 2019 was as follows:
|  | Baidu Core |  |  | iQIYI |  |  | Total |
|  | RMB |  |  | RMB |  |  | RMB |
|  | (In millions) |
Balance at December 31, 2017 |  |  | 12,530 |  |  |  | 3,276 |  |  |  | 15,806 |
Goodwill acquired |  |  | 2,750 |  |  |  | 612 |  |  |  | 3,362 |
Goodwill disposed |  |  | (569 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (569 | )
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments |  |  | (63 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (63 | )
Balance at December 31, 2018 |  |  | 14,648 |  |  |  | 3,888 |  |  |  | 18,536 |
Goodwill acquired |  |  | 978 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 978 |
Goodwill disposed (i) |  |  | (1,265 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,265 | )
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |
Balance at December 31, 2019 |  |  | 14,362 |  |  |  | 3,888 |  |  |  | 18,250 |
Balance at December 31, 2019, in US$ |  |  | 2,063 |  |  |  | 558 |  |  |  | 2,621 |
| (i) | Disposition during the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily related to the disposal of a subsidiary (Note 4).
Intangible Assets
|  | As of December 31, 2018 |
|  | Gross carrying value |  |  | Accumulated impairment |  |  | Accumulated amortization |  |  | Net carrying value |
|  | RMB |  |  | RMB |  |  | RMB |  |  | RMB |
|  | (In millions) |
Land use right |  |  | 464 |  |  |  | (130 | ) |  |  | (69 | ) |  |  | 265 |
Customer relationships |  |  | 589 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (476 | ) |  |  | 113 |
Software |  |  | 693 |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (506 | ) |  |  | 180 |
Trademarks |  |  | 942 |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (499 | ) |  |  | 441 |
User list |  |  | 684 |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (679 | ) |  |  | 3 |
Licensed copyrights |  |  | 18,081 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (11,324 | ) |  |  | 6,757 |
Others |  |  | 2,291 |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (862 | ) |  |  | 1,422 |
|  |  | 23,744 |  |  |  | (148 | ) |  |  | (14,415 | ) |  |  | 9,181 |
|  | As of December 31, 2019 |
|  | Gross carrying value |  |  | Accumulated impairment |  |  | Accumulated amortization |  |  | Net carrying value |  |  | Net carrying value |
|  | RMB |  |  | RMB |  |  | RMB |  |  | RMB |  |  | US$ |
|  | (In millions) |
Customer relationships |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (31 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Software |  |  | 509 |  |  |  | (7 | ) |  |  | (335 | ) |  |  | 167 |  |  |  | 24 |
Trademarks |  |  | 658 |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (182 | ) |  |  | 474 |  |  |  | 68 |
User list |  |  | 84 |  |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (79 | ) |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | — |
Licensed copyrights |  |  | 20,287 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (14,000 | ) |  |  | 6,287 |  |  |  | 903 |
Others |  |  | 2,339 |  |  |  | (408 | ) |  |  | (975 | ) |  |  | 956 |  |  |  | 138 |
|  |  | 23,908 |  |  |  | (419 | ) |  |  | (15,602 | ) |  |  | 7,887 |  |  |  | 1,133 |
The Company recognized impairment loss on intangible assets excluding licensed copyrights of RMB139 million, RMB5 million and RMB406 million (US$58 million) for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. For impairment charges on licensed copyrights, please refer to Note 2. Amortization expense of intangible assets were RMB7.9 billion, RMB12.5 billion and RMB13.5 billion (US$1.9 billion), for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively. Estimated amortization expense relating to the existing intangible assets with finite lives for each of the next five years is as follows:
|  | RMB |  |  | US$ |
|  | (In millions) |
For the years ending December 31, 2020 |  |  | 3,943 |  |  |  | 566 |
2021 |  |  | 2,036 |  |  |  | 292 |
2022 |  |  | 1,044 |  |  |  | 150 |
2023 |  |  | 364 |  |  |  | 52 |
2024 |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | 17 |
The carrying amounts of intangible assets with indefinite useful li v es were insignificant as of December 31, 2018 and 2019.

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