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INTANGIBLE ASSETS | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
INTANGIBLE ASSETS | 11. INTANGIBLE ASSETS Intangible assets as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 were as follows:
|  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
|  | RMB |  | RMB |
Intangible asset |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets to be amortized |  |  |  |  |
Business Relationship (Representing the relationship with the travel service providers and other business partners) |  | 1,815,034,491 |  | 1,800,260,144 |
Technology |  | 696,499,639 |  | 713,220,819 |
Others |  | 131,629,465 |  | 187,739,465 |
Intangible assets not subject to amortization |  |  |  |  |
Trade mark |  | 11,613,475,256 |  | 11,613,475,256 |
Others |  | 22,140,607 |  | 180,248,087 |
|  | 14,278,779,458 |  | 14,494,943,771 |
Less: accumulated amortization |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets to be amortized |  |  |  |  |
Business Relationship |  | (175,130,119 | ) | (420,311,754 | )
Technology |  | (110,511,387 | ) | (229,246,477 | )
Others |  | (68,368,021 | ) | (95,069,619 | )
|  | (354,009,527 | ) | (744,627,850 | )
Net book value |  |  |  |  |
Intangible assets to be amortized |  |  |  |  |
Business Relationship |  | 1,639,904,372 |  | 1,379,948,390 |
Technology |  | 585,988,252 |  | 483,974,342 |
Others |  | 63,261,444 |  | 92,669,846 |
Intangible assets not subject to amortization |  |  |  |  |
Trade mark |  | 11,613,475,256 |  | 11,613,475,256 |
Others |  | 22,140,607 |  | 180,248,087 |
|  | 13,924,769,931 |  | 13,750,315,921 |
Finite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment if impairment indicators arise. The Company amortizes its finite-lived intangible assets using the straight-line method:
Business Relationship |  | 5-10 years |
Technology |  | 5-10 years |
Others |  | 3-10 years |
Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 was approximately RMB58 million, RMB255 million and RMB391 million respectively. The annual estimated amortization expense for intangible assets subject to amortization for the five succeeding years is as follows:
|  | Amortization |
|  | RMB |
2018 |  | 396,364,608 |
2019 |  | 390,594,774 |
2020 |  | 374,512,943 |
2021 |  | 218,578,855 |
2022 |  | 174,564,565 |
|  | 1,554,615,745 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for all or part of the information related to intangible assets. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 350 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144416 + Details
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