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Information by business segment and by geographic area - Adjusted EBITDA (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019 | Dec. 31, 2018
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | $ 40,018 | $ 37,570 | $ 36,575
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (16,059) | (17,788) | (18,902)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (6,514) | (8,338) | (906)
Research and evaluation expenses | (443) | (443) | (373)
Pre operating and operational stoppage | (682) | (882) | (189)
Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures | 268 | 466 | 388
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | 16,588 | 10,585 | 16,593
Net operating revenue | 40,018 | 37,570 | 36,696
Cost of goods sold and services rendered |  |  | (19,022)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses |  |  | (910)
Research and evaluation expenses |  |  | (373)
Pre operating and operational stoppage |  |  | (189)
Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures |  |  | 388
Adjusted EBITDA |  |  | 16,590
Discontinued operations |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue |  |  | 121
Adjusted EBITDA |  |  | (3)
Ferrous minerals |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 32,078 | 30,005 | 27,933
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (10,265) | (11,988) | (13,044)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (173) | (351) | (94)
Research and evaluation expenses | (136) | (142) | (138)
Pre operating and operational stoppage | (640) | (823) | (135)
Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures | 141 | 296 | 189
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | 21,005 | 16,997 | 14,711
Ferrous minerals | Iron ore |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 27,285 | 23,343 | 20,354
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (8,171) | (8,778) | (9,048)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (187) | (323) | (76)
Research and evaluation expenses | (127) | (123) | (110)
Pre operating and operational stoppage | (534) | (750) | (115)
Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures | 23 | 29 | 28
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | 18,289 | 13,398 | 11,033
Ferrous minerals | Iron ore Pellets |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 4,242 | 5,948 | 6,651
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (1,661) | (2,666) | (3,393)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | 11 | (20) | (11)
Research and evaluation expenses | (5) | (16) | (26)
Pre operating and operational stoppage | (77) | (72) | (19)
Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures | 116 | 258 | 154
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | 2,626 | 3,432 | 3,356
Ferrous minerals | Ferroalloys and manganese |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 225 | 282 | 454
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (179) | (220) | (290)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses |  | (8) | (3)
Research and evaluation expenses | (2) | (2) | (1)
Pre operating and operational stoppage | (29) | (1) |
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | 15 | 51 | 160
Ferrous minerals | Other ferrous products and services |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 326 | 432 | 474
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (254) | (324) | (313)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | 3 |  | (4)
Research and evaluation expenses | (2) | (1) | (1)
Pre operating and operational stoppage |  |  | (1)
Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures | 2 | 9 | 7
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | 75 | 116 | 162
Base metals |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 7,170 | 6,161 | 6,703
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (4,010) | (3,772) | (4,020)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (32) | (80) | (51)
Research and evaluation expenses | (117) | (87) | (57)
Pre operating and operational stoppage | (30) | (48) | (33)
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | 2,981 | 2,174 | 2,542
Base metals | Nickel and other products |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 4,995 | 4,257 | 4,610
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (3,216) | (2,867) | (3,060)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (25) | (75) | (47)
Research and evaluation expenses | (49) | (44) | (39)
Pre operating and operational stoppage | (29) | (28) | (33)
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | 1,676 | 1,243 | 1,431
Base metals | Copper |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 2,175 | 1,904 | 2,093
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (794) | (905) | (960)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (7) | (5) | (4)
Research and evaluation expenses | (68) | (43) | (18)
Pre operating and operational stoppage | (1) | (20) |
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | 1,305 | 931 | 1,111
Coal |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 473 | 1,021 | 1,643
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (1,456) | (1,638) | (1,575)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (15) | 1 | (9)
Research and evaluation expenses | (28) | (30) | (21)
Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures | 95 | 113 | 143
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | (931) | (533) | 181
Brumadinho event |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (5,257) | (7,402) |
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | (5,257) | (7,402) |
COVID-19 |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (109) |  |
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | (109) |  |
Others |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue | 297 | 383 | 296
Cost of goods sold and services rendered | (328) | (390) | (263)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses | (928) | (506) | (752)
Research and evaluation expenses | (162) | (184) | (157)
Pre operating and operational stoppage | (12) | (11) | (21)
Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures | 32 | 57 | 56
Total of continuing operations Adjusted EBITDA | $ (1,101) | $ (651) | (841)
Fertilizers | Discontinued operations |  |  |
Information by business segment and by geographic area |  |  |
Net operating revenue |  |  | 121
Cost of goods sold and services rendered |  |  | (120)
Sales, administrative and other operating expenses |  |  | (4)
Adjusted EBITDA |  |  | $ (3)

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