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Income taxes - Tax incentives (Details) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Income taxes |
Tax incentive period | 10 years
Maximum period subject to the revision of income tax by local authorities | 10 years

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- References No definition available. + Details
Name: | ifrs-full_MajorComponentsOfTaxExpenseIncomeAbstract
Namespace Prefix: | ifrs-full_
Data Type: | xbrli:stringItemType
Balance Type: | na
Period Type: | duration

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- Definition The maximum open tax period in which the income tax is subject to the revision by local tax authorities , in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | vale_MaximumOpenTaxPeriod
Namespace Prefix: | vale_
Data Type: | xbrli:durationItemType
Balance Type: | na
Period Type: | duration

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- Definition The tax incentive period of products, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. + References No definition available. + Details
Name: | vale_TaxIncentivePeriod
Namespace Prefix: | vale_
Data Type: | xbrli:durationItemType
Balance Type: | na
Period Type: | duration