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Income taxes - Tax incentives (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020
Income taxes
Tax incentive period	10 years
Maximum period subject to the revision of income tax by local authorities	10 years

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- References

No definition available.

+ Details

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Namespace Prefix:	ifrs-full_
Data Type:	xbrli:stringItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

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- Definition

The maximum open tax period in which the income tax is subject to the revision by local tax authorities , in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.

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No definition available.

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Namespace Prefix:	vale_
Data Type:	xbrli:durationItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

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- Definition

The tax incentive period of products, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.

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No definition available.

+ Details

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Namespace Prefix:	vale_
Data Type:	xbrli:durationItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration